Preface to the 25th Anniversary Third Edition Preface to the Second Edition 1. On Analyzing Hegemony 2. Ideology and Cultural and Economic Reproduction 3. Economics and Control in Everyday School Life (with Nancy King) 4. Curricular History and Social Control (with Barry Franklin) 5. The Hidden Curriculum and the Nature of Conflict 6. Systems Management and the Ideology of Control 7. Commonsense Categories and the Politics of Labeling 8. Beyond Ideological Reproduction 9. Pedagogy, Patriotism, and Democracy: Ideology and Education after September 11 10. On Analyzing New Hegemonic Relations: An Interview
Harmful memes are ever-shifting in the Internet communities, which are difficult to analyze due to their type-shifting and temporal-evolving nature. Although these memes are shifting, we find that different memes may share invariant principles, i.e., the underlying design concept of malicious users, which can help us analyze why these memes are harmful. In this paper, we propose RepMD, an ever-shifting harmful meme detection method based on the design concept reproduction. We first refer to the attack tree to define the Design Concept Graph (DCG), which describes steps that people may take to design a harmful meme. Then, we derive the DCG from historical memes with design step reproduction and graph pruning. Finally, we use DCG to guide the Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) to detect harmful memes. The evaluation results show that RepMD achieves the highest accuracy with 81.1% and has slight accuracy decreases when generalized to type-shifting and temporal-evolving memes. Human evaluation shows that RepMD can improve the efficiency of human discovery on harmful memes, with 15$\sim$30 seconds per meme.
Reproduction is one of the fundamental biological imperatives shared by all living beings. Organisms must reproduce to pass on their genes to the next generation, ensuring the survival and continuation of their species. In pursuit of this goal, nature has evolved a remarkable diversity of reproductive methods and behaviors, including external fertilization in aquatic species, internal fertilization in terrestrial animals, oviparity, viviparity, complex hormonal regulation, and diverse strategies of parental investment. In the Slovenian Veterinary Research journal, we welcome articles addressing various aspects of veterinary and comparative reproductive research and medicine. In this issue, we have placed particular emphasis on this topic. With this editorial, we would also like to bring attention to these articles, including a review of the phenomics evaluation and research on hormone GnRH injection in cattle and sheep breeding, the effect of food additives and environmental enrichment on fertility protection against toxicity and egg production and a case report on canine idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.
Razmnoževanje skozi prizmo evolucije – pomen za sodobno veterinarsko medicino
Izvleček: Razmnoževanje je temelj življenja. Omogoča prenos genov na naslednje generacije in s tem ohranjanje vrst. Narava je skozi evolucijo razvila osupljivo paleto strategij, od zunanje oploditve pri vodnih organizmih do notranje oploditve pri kopenskih živalih, jajcerodnosti, živorodnosti, kompleksnega hormonskega uravnavanja in različnih oblik starševske skrbi. V reviji Slovenian Veterinary Research z veseljem objavljamo prispevke, ki obravnavajo različne vidike veterinarskih in primerjalnih raziskav ter medicine razmnoževanja. V tej številki smo temu področju namenili poseben poudarek. Predstavljamo prispevke, ki osvetljujejo fenomsko evalvacijo in raziskave vpliva hormona GnRH na plodnost goveda in ovc, vpliv prehranskih dodatkov in obogatitve okolja na zaščito plodnosti, in proizvodnjo jajc ter primer idiopatske oligoasteno-teratozoospermije pri psu.
Reproductive well-being is shaped by intersecting cultural, religious, gendered, and political contexts, yet current technologies often reflect narrow, Western-centric assumptions. In this literature review, we synthesize findings from 147 peer-reviewed papers published between 2015 and 2025 across HCI, CSCW and social computing, ICTD, digital and public health, and AI for well-being scholarship to map the evolving reproductive well-being landscape. We identify three thematic waves that focused on early access and education, cultural sensitivity and privacy, and AI integration with policy-aware design, and highlight how technologies support or constrain diverse reproductive experiences. Our analysis reveals critical gaps in inclusivity, with persistent exclusions of men and non-binary users, migrants, and users in the Global South. Additionally, we surfaced the significant absence of literature on the role of stakeholders (e.g., husband and family members, household maids and cleaning helping hands, midwife, etc.) in the reproductive well-being space. Drawing on the findings from the literature, we propose the ReWA framework to support reproductive well-being for all agendas through six design orientations associated with: location, culture, and history; polyvocality and agency; rationality, temporality, distributive roles, and methodology.
Special functions have always played a central role in physics and in mathematics, arising as solutions of nonlinear differential equations, as well as in the theory of branching processes, which extensively uses probability generating functions. The theory of iteration of real functions leads to limit theorems for the discrete-time and real-time Markov branching processes. The Poisson reproduction of particles in real time is analysed through the integration of the Kolmogorov equation. These results are further extended by employing graphical representations of Koenigs functions under subcritical and critical branching mechanisms. The limit conditional law in the subcritical case and the invariant measure for the critical case are discussed, as well. The obtained explicit solutions contain the exponential Bell polynomials and the modified exponential-integral function $\rm{Ein} (z)$.
This present results lay the foundations for the study of the optimal allocation of vaccine in the simple epidemiological SIS model where one consider a very general heterogeneous population. In the present setting each individual has a type x belonging to a general space, and a vaccination strategy is a function $η$ where $η$(x) $\in$ [0, 1] represents the proportion of non-vaccinated among individuals of type x. We shall consider two loss functions associated to a vaccination strategy $η$: either the effective reproduction number, a classical quantity appearing in many models in epidemiology, and which is given here by the spectral radius of a compact operator that depends on $η$; or the overall proportion of infected individuals after vaccination in the maximal endemic state.By considering the weak-* topology on the set $Δ$ of vaccination strategies, so that it is a compact set, we can prove that those two loss functions are continuous using the notion of collective compactness for a family of operators. We also prove their stability with respect to the parameters of the SIS model. Eventually, we consider their monotonicity and related properties in particular when the model is ``almost'' irreducible.
Sharifa Sultana, Hafsah Mahzabin Chowdhury, Zinnat Sultana
et al.
Reproductive well-being education in the Global South is often challenged as many communities perceive many of its contents as misinformation, misconceptions, and language-inappropriate. Our ten-month-long ethnographic study (n=41) investigated the impact of sociocultural landscape, cultural beliefs, and healthcare infrastructure on Bangladeshi people's access to quality reproductive healthcare and set four design goals: combating misinformation, including culturally appropriate language, professionals' accountable moderation, and promoting users' democratic participation. Building on the model of `\textit{Distributive Justice,}' we designed and evaluated \textit{`Socheton,'} a culturally appropriate AI-mediated tool for reproductive well-being that includes healthcare professionals, AI-language teachers, and community members to moderate and run the activity-based platform. Our user study (n=28) revealed that only combating misinformation and language inappropriateness may still leave the community with a conservative mob culture and patronize reproductive care-seeking. This guides well-being HCI design toward being culturally appropriate in the context of reproductive justice with sensitive marginalized communities.
This paper presents the results of an analysis of stranding events of the Mediterranean monk seal <i>Monachus monachus</i> over a decade. The analysis involved categorization according to the cause of stranding and seasonality, the identification of hotspot stranding areas and an assessment of possible correlations between stranding events and environmental/climatic patterns using time series analysis. Moreover, Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) were applied to explore the effects of the size of small-scale fishing grounds, the number of species sightings, and the occurrence of reproduction sites on “human-related” strandings. Finally, special focus was put on the central part of the eastern Ionian Sea for the assessment of stranding hotspot areas by means of the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) approach, based on different kinds of spatial information such as anthropogenic pressures and the location of breeding sites and feeding grounds. Time series analysis results revealed that oscillation indices, during the first half of the year, and sea surface temperature (SST) in the Mediterranean from October to December were positively correlated with monk seal stranding events. GAMs underlined that areas combining extended small-scale fishery grounds and a higher number of sightings were more likely to cause more strandings. Regarding spatial analyses, the central Aegean Sea was highlighted as a hotspot for “human-related strandings”, while the MCDA approach emphasized that the southern coasts of Cephalonia and the gulf between Lefkada and mainland Greece were susceptible to subadult strandings.
Tong Chen, Akari Asai, Niloofar Mireshghallah
et al.
Evaluating the degree of reproduction of copyright-protected content by language models (LMs) is of significant interest to the AI and legal communities. Although both literal and non-literal similarities are considered by courts when assessing the degree of reproduction, prior research has focused only on literal similarities. To bridge this gap, we introduce CopyBench, a benchmark designed to measure both literal and non-literal copying in LM generations. Using copyrighted fiction books as text sources, we provide automatic evaluation protocols to assess literal and non-literal copying, balanced against the model utility in terms of the ability to recall facts from the copyrighted works and generate fluent completions. We find that, although literal copying is relatively rare, two types of non-literal copying -- event copying and character copying -- occur even in models as small as 7B parameters. Larger models demonstrate significantly more copying, with literal copying rates increasing from 0.2\% to 10.5\% and non-literal copying from 2.3\% to 5.9\% when comparing Llama3-8B and 70B models, respectively. We further evaluate the effectiveness of current strategies for mitigating copying and show that (1) training-time alignment can reduce literal copying but may increase non-literal copying, and (2) current inference-time mitigation methods primarily reduce literal but not non-literal copying.
Yhonatan Gayer, Vladimir Tourbabin, Zamir Ben-Hur
et al.
In the rapidly evolving fields of virtual and augmented reality, accurate spatial audio capture and reproduction are essential. For these applications, Ambisonics has emerged as a standard format. However, existing methods for encoding Ambisonics signals from arbitrary microphone arrays face challenges, such as errors due to the irregular array configurations and limited spatial resolution resulting from a typically small number of microphones. To address these limitations and challenges, a mathematical framework for studying Ambisonics encoding is presented, highlighting the importance of incorporating the full steering function, and providing a novel measure for predicting the accuracy of encoding each Ambisonics channel from the steering functions alone. Furthermore, novel residual channels are formulated supplementing the Ambisonics channels. A simulation study for several array configurations demonstrates a reduction in binaural error for this approach.