This paper recommends and applies the Philosophy of Education of St. Josemaria Escriva as an enhancing addition for basic education in the Philippines in line with the current reforms of DepEd MATATAG and the K-12 reform. The proposal is not a replacement for the current system but aims to address key implementation gaps in moral formation, teacher readiness, and parent-school collaboration. Integral to St. Josemaria Escriva’s Philosophy are the principles of Formation, Freedom, and Families, which coalesce into an advocacy for holistic student development, which is not just concerned with academic development but includes moral formation as well. Using philosophical analysis and critical evaluation, this paper argues for a new emphasis on parent-teacher collaboration, recognition of parents as primary educators, and comprehensive teacher formation to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical applications of reforms. Moreover, this paper recommends integrating moral formation across all subjects and not just in Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao (ESP) to enhance the effectiveness of values education. Finally, this paper concludes with the transformative potential of St. Josemaria Escriva’s Philosophy of Education in promoting a morally and spiritually enriched educational system that can potentially address challenges faced in Filipino society.
Inscribed trays, plates, mortars, and pestles made of beautiful green chert bearing formulaic administrative textual formulae were found during excavations at the Persepolis Treasury in the 1930s. These implements and the enigmatic formulae inscribed upon them present scholars with a complex and unique challenge whose correct interpretation holds important implications for the study of Achaemenid history, imperial administration, and relations between ancient Arachosia (roughly modern-day Afghanistan) and the centers of power, as well as—as I argue in this article—for the symbiosis between administration and cult in antiquity. They continue to be hotly debated ever since their inauspicious initial publication by Bowman in 1970, yet they have thus far remained obscure. By comparing these finds with material and textual data from across the Achaemenid empire and early Parthian sources, this article offers a new comprehensive study of these objects. My analysis suggests that these objects are to be considered as a more systematized and tightly controlled Arachosian form of “informal taxation”—namely, regulated gifts—which are comparable to similar imperial donations found in the Treasury at Persepolis. Specifically, they take part in an “economy of fealty” demonstrating loyalty to king and empire through the adherence to the era’s Mazdean ritual orthopraxy.
Introduction: Business actor satisfaction is a feeling based on expectations regarding a product or service. Serve, and the level of satisfaction felt will vary according to the conformity with which service exists. If that reality exceeds hope, then the service can be said to be of good quality. If it is below expectations, the service can be bad; if it is above expectations, it can be said to be good. That service is satisfying. Objective: This study aims to research halal certification services to satisfy business actors in Banda Aceh City. Are these certification services quality indicators influencing the satisfaction of business actors as customers? Method: This study uses a quantitative approach with the Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method. The test was conducted using the Smart PLS 3.0 application, with the respondent category being business actors. One hundred business actors in Banda Aceh City have issued halal certification for their products, and there are 100 people. Results: The research country found that all variables, namely reliability, responsiveness, certainty, empathy, tangible evidence, and price, significantly influence business actors’ satisfaction. Implications: This shows that improving the quality of halal certification services in Banda Aceh City can also increase business actors' satisfaction
The political demand that all results of university research be available through Open Access was a strategic decision that stakeholders have been required to embrace. However, Open Access is cost-free only for consumers, not for producers. Authors now need to not only produce excellent content but also secure financial support.Specific interest groups, in the interest of fair access to quality-assured publication, are establishing their own Open Access publication opportunities. This article sketches the emergence of the Open Access concept, its impact on the pressure to publish and career planning for young scholars, and the effort required to operate an Open Access journal (using the Journal of Religion, Film and Media as an example), focusing in particular on the workload associated with publishing one year’s output and the input/output relationship under current academic conditions.
We introduce rational $(\infty, 1)$-categories, which are $(\infty, 1)$-categories enriched in spaces whose higher homotopy groups are rational vector spaces. We provide two models for rational $(\infty, 1)$-categories, rational complete Segal spaces and rational Segal categories, and we show that they are equivalent.
The aim of the present article is to approach religiousness and prayer with the aid of the conceptual apparatus of K. Twardowski’s concept of actions and products. Both actions and their products are psychic phenomena, so the idea is to present the psychological mechanism of the formation of religiousness as a product of a person’s actions. This requires a description of the phenomena that are the object of morality, as well as of religion, which is a special aspect of morality. In order to make this description clear, a psychological model of the personal subject will be outlined to explain not only the essence of morality, i.e., how man becomes good, but also how he comes to partake in eternal life.
Trying to answer the challenges proposed by the <i>Laudato si’</i> encyclical letter and its proposed “integral ecology,” this essay deals with the possible interactions between ecotheology, ecophenomenology, and cultural anthropology, outlining an interdisciplinary approach to Incarnation. In the first part, the core ideas of the aforementioned encyclical are discussed. In the second part, ecotheology is discussed as an answer to the critiques that see in Christianism a hindrance against a deeper ecological thought. The third part discusses ecophenomenology, while proposing to integrate within the debate some new theoretical proposals. The fourth part discusses how to “cross the Rubicon” between ecotheology and ecophenomenology, while also describing both limits and opportunities for such crossings. In the conclusions, some ideas for further research are proposed, in the sense of a layered theory of Incarnation.
This paper addresses complexity problems in rational verification and synthesis for multi-player games played on weighted graphs, where the objective of each player is to minimize the cost of reaching a specific set of target vertices. In these games, one player, referred to as the system, declares his strategy upfront. The other players, composing the environment, then rationally make their moves according to their objectives. The rational behavior of these responding players is captured through two models: they opt for strategies that either represent a Nash equilibrium or lead to a play with a Pareto-optimal cost tuple.
Ana Clara de Andrade Patrício, Ana Caroline Cabral Cristino, Thiago Antonio Avellar de Aquino
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo mapear as produções científicas da área de Ciências das Religiões sobre as implicações da espiritualidade e da religiosidade na saúde de pacientes oncológicos. Para critérios de elegibilidade foram consideradas as produções científicas no formato de artigo, de dissertações e de teses, publicadas no período de 01 de janeiro de 2018 a 30 de outubro de 2022 nas revistas A1, A2, B1 e B2 da área de Ciências da Religião e Teologia e no catálogo de teses e dissertações dos programas de pós-graduação em CR da CAPES, escritas em língua portuguesa (Brasil), inglesa, espanhola, alemã, italiana ou francesa e que traziam como temática central a espiritualidade e a religiosidade na saúde de pacientes oncológicos. Dos 1669 estudos encontrados, 9 foram selecionados para leitura na íntegra, resultando em uma amostra final de 8 estudos analisados. Os resultados desta revisão mostraram que a espiritualidade e a religiosidade vivenciadas pelos pacientes oncológicos os auxiliam no enfrentamento da enfermidade, no bem-estar psicológico, na percepção de sentido na existência e na qualidade de vida.
Digital technology is now a fundamental and indispensable component of daily life. While the great opportunities offered by cyberspace are undoubted, the growing security challenges and threats it brings should not be overlooked. Cyberspace, by its nature transnational and elusive regarding forms of control, is useful to terrorism because it allows not only the propaganda of fundamentalist doctrines but also the creation and manipulation of information; the apology and dissemination of information instrumental to the processes of radicalisation; the use of devices capable of transversally violating the security of technical and virtual infrastructures that are critical to the security of nations; the operational planning of terrorist activities; and the recruitment, financing, and training of recruits. The so-called “new terrorism”, religiously motivated, makes extensive use of the digital tool. After an excursus concerning the use of cyberspace by religious fundamentalist groups and the transformation of religiously motivated terrorism, this paper focuses on the analysis of the European legal response and on the need for global and shared European action.
This article seeks to shed light on the approach of Saint Bonaventure of Bagnoregio (1217/21–1274) on the highly problematic issue of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary. In a context of heated debates on the matter, Saint Bonaventure presents a long and complex set of arguments that we can summarize as follows: Mary was conceived with original sin contaminating her body at first, but she was cleansed of it and sanctified immediately after her conception, at the very moment of the animation of her body, that is, when her soul gave life to her body. Therefore, the author concludes that even though the body of Mary, like that of all human beings except Christ, was conceived with original sin, it was thoroughly cleansed, and her body was sanctified from the very first moment at which it was animated by her holy soul and cleansed of all sin.
The historical value of the oral tradition permeates literature as represented in multiple disciplines, including theology. An aspect of this tradition has proven viable in spiritual conversations with older adults. This paper will discuss the oral tradition’s medium of storytelling and listening to demonstrate its relevance in therapeutic conversations with older adults. Therapeutic storytelling is a distinct intervention prevalent in the African oral tradition This approach is also gaining attention in the contemporary context, blending seamlessly within the narrative approach. Using the quantitative research method of ethnography and autoethnography, I analyze specific therapeutic encounters that employ a storytelling/listening approach in spiritual conversations. The analysis reveals the relevance of storytelling in specific therapeutic encounters. Storytelling is gaining interest and reclaiming space in therapeutic settings with diverse populations, but mostly with older adults. The study also highlights the apparent similarities between the traditional approach to storytelling and the narrative approach in the contemporary therapeutic milieu.
Lorenzo Clemente, Maria Donten-Bury, Filip Mazowiecki
et al.
We study the class of rational recursive sequences (ratrec) over the rational numbers. A ratrec sequence is defined via a system of sequences using mutually recursive equations of depth 1, where the next values are computed as rational functions of the previous values. An alternative class is that of simple ratrec sequences, where one uses a single recursive equation, however of depth k: the next value is defined as a rational function of k previous values. We conjecture that the classes ratrec and simple ratrec coincide. The main contribution of this paper is a proof of a variant of this conjecture where the initial conditions are treated symbolically, using a formal variable per sequence, while the sequences themselves consist of rational functions over those variables. While the initial conjecture does not follow from this variant, we hope that the introduced algebraic techniques may eventually be helpful in resolving the problem. The class ratrec strictly generalises a well-known class of polynomial recursive sequences (polyrec). These are defined like ratrec, but using polynomial functions instead of rational ones. One can observe that if our conjecture is true and effective, then we can improve the complexities of the zeroness and the equivalence problems for polyrec sequences. Currently, the only known upper bound is Ackermanian, which follows from results on polynomial automata. We complement this observation by proving a PSPACE lower bound for both problems for polyrec. Our lower bound construction also implies that the Skolem problem is PSPACE-hard for the polyrec class.
Abstract[English]:Â
This paper describes the mediation of religion as seen in the important role of the As'adiyah pesantren. This paper used descriptive research method (descriptive research) obtained from the results of qualitative data processing through library data collection (library research), with an interdisciplinary approach method. The analysis was using a critical analytical method with descriptive aspects, namely content analysis using deductive, inductive and comparative analysis techniques on a number of theories, especially in producing scholarship and cadre of scholars in Southeast Asia in the 20th century in Bugis cultural and contextual setting. -Makassar South Sulawesi. This papere explains that in the 20th century there has been an intellectual dynamic that culminated in the formation of the Bugis ulama network of the 20th century. This intellectual network of scholars has a link with the source of scientific authority in Makkah-Medinah which was formed at the beginning of the 20th century. The scientific link between Bugis scholars, especially Gurutta HM As'ad (1907) with K.H. Hasyim Asyari (1871), Anwar Musaddad (Garut, 1903), Zain Mun'im (Probolinggo, 1906), Zainuddin Abdul Madjid (Sumbawa, 1908), Ali Maksum (Rembang, 1915). This proves that Gurutta H.M. As'ad was one of the links of the archipelago scientific network which contributed to the birth of 20th century Muslim intellectuals in the Bugis-Makassar Land of South Sulawesi.
Abstrak[Indonesia]:Â
Paper ini menjelaskan tentang mediatisasi agama sebagaimana tampak dalam peran penting pesantren As’adiyah. Paper ini menggunakan metode descriptive research (penelitian deskriptif) yang diperoleh dari hasil pengolahan data secara kualitatif melalui pengumpulan data secara kepustakaan (library research), dengan metode pendekatan antar disipliner. Sedang analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode analitis kritis dengan aspek deskripsi, yakni analisis isi (content analysis) dengan menggunakan tehnik analisis deduktif, induktif dan komparatif terhadap sejumlah teori, Khususnya dalam memproduksi keilmuan dan pengkaderan ulama di Asia Tenggara abad ke 20 dalam latar budaya dan konteks Bugis-Makassar Sulawesi Selatan. Artikel ini menjelaskan bahwa pada abad 20 telah terjadi dinamika intelektual yang mengerucut pada terbentuk jaringan ulama Bugis abad ke 20. Jaringan intelektual ulama tersebut mempunyai mata rantai dengan sumber otoritas keilmuan di Makkah-Medinah yang terbentuk pada awal abad ke 20. Network keilmuan inilah yang mempertemukan mata rantai keilmuan antara ulama Bugis, khususnya Gurutta H.M. As’ad (1907) dengan K.H. Hasyim Asyari (1871), Anwar Musaddad (Garut, 1903), Zain Mun’im (Probolinggo, 1906), Zainuddin Abdul Madjid (Sumbawa, 1908), Ali Maksum (Rembang, 1915). Hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa Gurutta H.M. As’ad merupakan salah satu link jaringan keilmuan Nusantara yang turut melahirkan intelektual muslim abad ke 20 di Tanah Bugis-Makassar Sulawesi Selatan.Â
Let $X$ be a connected space. An element $[f]\in π_n(X)$ is called rationally inert if $π_*(X)\otimes \mathbb Q \to π_*(X\cup_fD^{n+1})\otimes \mathbb Q$ is surjective. We extend the results obtained in the simply connected case, and prove in particular that if $X\cup_fD^{n+1}$ is a Poincaré duality complex and the algebra $H(X)$ requires at least two generators then $[f]\in π_n(X)$ is rationally inert. On the other hand, if $X$ is rationally a wedge of at least two spheres and $f$ is rationally non trivial, then $f$ is rationally inert. Finally if $f$ is rationally inert then the rational homotopy of the homotopy fibre of the injection $X \to X\cup_fD^{n+1}$ is the completion of a free Lie algebra.
Even though classic theories and models of discrete choice pose man as a rational being, it has been shown extensively that people persistently violate rationality in their actual choices. Recent models of decision-making take these violations often (partially) into account, however, a unified framework has not been established. Here we propose such a framework, inspired by the Ising model from statistical physics, and show that representing choice problems as a graph, together with a simple choice process, allows us to explain both rational decisions as well as violations of rationality.
Froilán M. Dopico, Silvia Marcaida, María C. Quintana
et al.
This paper presents a definition for local linearizations of rational matrices and studies their properties. This definition allows us to introduce matrix pencils associated to a rational matrix that preserve its structure of zeros and poles in subsets of any algebraically closed field and also at infinity. Moreover, such definition includes, as particular cases, other definitions that have been used previously in the literature. In this way, this new theory of local linearizations captures and explains rigorously the properties of all the different pencils that have been used from the 1970's until 2019 for computing zeros, poles and eigenvalues of rational matrices. Particular attention is paid to those pencils that have appeared recently in the numerical solution of nonlinear eigenvalue problems through rational approximation.
A noncommutative (nc) function in $x_1,\dots,x_g,x_1^*,\dots,x_g$ is called plurisubharmonic (plush) if its nc complex Hessian takes only positive semidefinite values on an nc neighborhood of 0. The main result of this paper shows that an nc rational function is plush if and only if it is a composite of a convex rational function with an analytic (no $x_j^*$) rational function. The proof is entirely constructive. Further, a simple computable necessary and sufficient condition for an nc rational function to be plush is given in terms of its minimal realization.