Hasil untuk "Psychology"

R. O’Connor, M. Nock

D. Perlman, L. A. Peplau

R. Baumeister, K. Vohs, D. Funder

G. Bower

Apa Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice

R. Tourangeau, L. Rips, K. Rasinski

A. Ehrenberg, E. F. Lindquist

T. M. Amabile

J. Pennebaker

G. Graen, T. Scandura

W. Hanson, J. Creswell, V. P. Clark et al.

D. Marks, L. Yardley

J. Piaget, B. Inhelder, Helen Weaver

R. Hogan, John A. Johnson, S. Briggs

L. Carmichael, P. Mussen

J. Quick, L. Tetrick

Melissa Coolong-Chaffin, Mickey Crothers, J. Goodman et al.

A PRELIMINARY glance at this very substantial volume—one of the largest in the important series to which it belongs—might cause one to wonder at certain of its features. Why, for example, should several pages be devoted to Alexander Bain, and only a few words to James Ward? The answer to this question reveals one of the many limitations which the unquestionably learned author has imposed upon himself. Bain stood strongly for the physiological approach, whereas Ward's contribution, though equally distinctive, consisted in applying evolutionary concepts to introspective analysis; and Dr. Murphy's main concern is to trace the changes which have led to an increasing emphasis upon the objective method of study, which has passed from the physiological to the experimental and quantitative methods so assiduously cultivated to-day. It is for this reason that such a thinker as Ward does not come much into Dr. Murphy's picture. The author has provided a most interesting and satisfying account of modern psychological developments in Europe and America. In a supplement, Dr. Kliiver shows how recent German psychology has proceeded on lines of its own.An Historical Introduction to Modern Psychology.By Dr. Gardner Murphy. With a Supplement by Dr. Heinrich Klüver. (International Library of Psychology, Philosophy, and Scientific Method.) Pp. xvii+470. (London: Kegan Paul and Co., Ltd.; New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., Inc., 1928.) 21s. net.

C. Peterson

J. Valsiner

Alex Anvi Eponon, Ildar Batyrshin, Christian E. Maldonado-Sifuentes et al.

The dominant paradigms of artificial intelligence were shaped by learning theories from psychology: behaviorism inspired reinforcement learning, cognitivism gave rise to deep learning and memory-augmented architectures, and constructivism influenced curriculum learning and compositional approaches. This paper argues that each AI paradigm inherited not only the strengths but the structural limitations of the psychological theory that inspired it. Reinforcement learning cannot account for the internal structure of knowledge, deep learning compresses representations into opaque parameter spaces resistant to principled update, and current integrative approaches lack a formal account of how new understanding is constructed from existing components. The paper further examines a cross-cultural divergence in the interpretation of rote learning, arguing that the Eastern conception of memorization as a structured, multi-phase precursor to understanding offers an underexploited bridge between psychological theory and AI methodology. Drawing on the systematicity debate and critique of Aizawa of both classicism and connectionism, this paper introduces ReSynth, a trimodular framework that separates reasoning (Intellect), purpose (Identity), and knowledge (Memory) as architecturally independent components. The paper traces the genealogy from psychological paradigm to AI method, diagnoses the inherited limitations at each stage, and argues that adaptability, the central challenge of artificial general intelligence requires a representational architecture in which systematic behavior is a necessary consequence rather than an accidental property.