Hasil untuk "Periodicals"

S. Eng, F. Reinholz, D. Chai

N. Georgescu-Roegen

Samuel Saunders

As Francis Dodsworth argues, histories of nineteenth-century British policing and detection have neglected to examine the extent, influence and legacy of corruption, scandal and organisational mismanagement within the police itself. Rather than face these issues head on, studies generally prefer to touch upon the subject carefully, incidentally, and in a perhaps ‘curated’ manner, leaving a significant gap in the history of police reform driven by public outrage and political influence. However, this also means that the influence of scandal and corruption in the police force on the development and representation of police officers and detectives in contemporaneous fiction also remains under-examined. This essay contextualises the presence of police officers and detectives in popular fiction from the mid-to-late nineteenth century against a swathe of contemporaneous scandals and corruption cases, as well as organisational mishaps and the resultant downturn in public opinion of the police, as they were reported in the periodical and newspaper press. It builds a more sophisticated picture of the relationship between the police, the press, and the publishing industry in the latter half of the nineteenth century, using events such as the 1867 Clerkenwell Prison bombing, the 1877 ‘Great Detective Case,’ the 1888 Whitechapel Murders, and the 1888 Thames Torso Murders, among others, as anchor points, and contextualises them against contemporaneous writing to argue that the history of ‘detective’ fiction should be historicized alongside ‘detection’ itself.

Sergei Lvovich Bekhterev, Lyudmila Nikolaevna Bekhtereva

Referring to regional material, this article actualizes the tradition of studying the biographies of historical figures in the context of an institutional concept, which makes it possible to describe and explain the controversial facts of political history of the new time in the era of mass social movements. The authors aim to reconstruct the later imperial period (until October 1917) of the life of Grigorii Kondratyevich Ozhigov, a representative of the national revolutionary cohort, who took an active part in the events that occurred in the Urals, Ukraine, the Baltics, Finland, and other areas of the former Russian Empire in the late twentieth century. Methodologically, the work relies on the modernization paradigm, the “new social history”, and related everyday discourse, including the anthropological approach, historical, and biographical methods. Since G. K. Ozhigov’s biography studied by a few Ural historians is replete with inaccuracies, the study is based on sources which have never been referred to previously, including official documents, periodicals, sources of personal origin, autobiographies, and memoirs by Ozhigov himself. The documents kept in the fund of the Ozhigov family of the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic are characterized by a complex nature. The study demonstrates that Ozhigov, who came from a peasant family, a worker of Izhevsk factories, managed to rise first to the interregional, and in 1917, to the all-Russian level, reaching the status of a member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the first convocation. In the political sphere, he passed a difficult path of evolution from a militant of the Ural Lbovtsy partisans during the First Russian Revolution of 1905–1907, to a member of the RCP(b) and an active participant in the implementation of the project of the proletarian state.

Mikhail V. Bryantsev

Background. Despite numerous works devoted to the study of National Socialism and the biography of A. Hitler, in domestic historiography there are no works devoted to how the process of the formation of fascism in Germany and, in particular, the phenomenon of the “Beer Hall Putsch” was reflected in Soviet periodicals. This historiographical situation determines the purpose of this article – to study the process of depicting the most im-portant episode in the development of National Socialism on the pages of Soviet newspapers. Materials and methods. To answer the questions posed in the work, materials from Soviet newspapers of 1923 were used. Moreover, not only reports and a few analytical ma-terials from central newspapers, but also provincial publications were analyzed. Results. As a result of the study, the author came to the conclusion that Soviet newspapers formed their idea of the “Beer Hall Putsch” in Munich based on information from Western agencies, newspapers and radio intercepts. The Soviet press told readers that in the autumn of 1923 the threat of the fascists seizing power began to be embodied in concrete actions. At the beginning of November, Bavaria presented an ultimatum to the imperial government. The newspapers described the unfolding events in detail. The first news of the “putsch” was transmitted to Moscow by “Pravda” own correspondent in Berlin around midday on November 9, and the first reports appeared in the newspapers a day later. The newspapers devoted much attention to the reasons for the failure of the coup. First of all, the treacherous role of Gustav von Kahr and Otto von Lossow was noted. The most combat-ready part of the fascists, Hermann Ehrhardt’s brigade, did not support Hitler’s speech, and neither did parts of the Reichswehr, as Hitler had counted on. Hitler’s speech did not find support among his supporters throughout Germany. The all-German government was supported by the Social Democrats. An important factor was the position of France, which declared the inadmissibility of the formation of a nationalist dictatorship. Conclusions. In general, it can be noted that Soviet newspapers, drawing mainly on information from Western media, cov-ered the events of the “Beer Hall Putsch” quite objectively and in detail.

Ewerton Luiz Figueiredo Moura da Silva

Currently, Chagas disease, or human American trypanosomiasis, affects around 900 people in Portugal, mostly Brazilian immigrants, the main foreign population residing in the country. This article presents a historical inquiry on the first receptions of the Brazilian discovery of Chagas disease in Portugal, a country that had scientists interested in the study of tropical diseases, namely sleeping sickness, or African trypanosomiasis, which affected epidemic in the African colonies of Angola and the island of Príncipe. The time frame of this study is limited between 1909, the date of Carlos Chagas' scientific discovery, and 1924, the year in which the already internationally renowed Brazilian physician, then traveling through Europe, was invited by Portuguese colleagues to give a lecture on American trypanosomiasis in Lisbon. In methodological terms, this article was written based on the work of scrutinizing publications in scientific periodicals, inaugural theses defended in medical schools and Portuguese press news.

Mingfu Zhang, A. Müller

Balakrishnan Balamuralithara, P. Woods

Haisheng Yang, Whitney A Bullock, Alexandra Myhal et al.

ABSTRACT Strain magnitude has a controlling influence on bone adaptive response. However, questions remain as to how and if cancellous and cortical bone tissues respond differently to varied strain magnitudes, particularly at a molecular level. The goal of this study was to characterize the time‐dependent gene expression, bone formation, and structural response of the cancellous and cortical bone of female C57Bl/6 mice to mechanical loading by applying varying load levels (low: −3.5 N; medium: −5.2 N; high: −7 N) to the skeleton using a mouse tibia loading model. The loading experiment showed that cortical bone mass at the tibial midshaft was significantly enhanced following all load levels examined and bone formation activities were particularly elevated at the medium and high loads applied. In contrast, for the proximal metaphyseal cancellous bone, only the high load led to significant increases in bone mass and bone formation indices. Similarly, expression of genes associated with inhibition of bone formation (e.g., Sost) was altered in the diaphyseal cortical bone at all load levels, but in the metaphyseal cortico‐cancellous bone only by the high load. Finite element analysis determined that the peak tensile or compressive strains that were osteogenic for the proximal cancellous bone under the high load were significantly greater than those that were osteogenic for the midshaft cortical tissues under the low load. These results suggest that the magnitude of the strain stimulus regulating structural, cellular, and molecular responses of bone to loading may be greater for the cancellous tissues than for the cortical tissues. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Evelina Kristanova

Digital libraries provide an easy and convenient source of data for journalistic academic research. In this paper, the author answers the question of whether the most well-known socio-political Polish press titles published between 1918 and 1939 are available online and to what extent they are fully digitised and accessible in digital libraries. Through media content analysis and the press content analysis methods of Walery Pisarek, all the digital resources available for an ordinary Internet user were browsed. The main role of the analysis was to establish which journals and periodicals were published weekly and as daily newspapers. Also, the nature and political leanings of press publications were taken into consideration (each press title was usually associated with a particular party). At the same time, the texts were profiled as regional, national, Catholic, etc. ­Finally, an attempt to develop a typology of the given titles is made.

Javier Campillo Galmés

The article adresses the constitution and development of the Exile collection of the library of the Instituto Cervantes of Toulouse from its inauguration in 1996 to the present day. The historical and demographic ties that have linked the city of Toulouse with Spain, markedly accentuated since the Republican exodus of 1939, are mentioned. The most interesting sections that make up the Exile collection are reviewed, with special attention to the publications of the Librairie des Éditions Espagnoles de Toulouse, to its literary collection La Novela Española, as well as to the different collections of short novels and the main titles of periodicals of the republican exile in France preserved in the library.

Ming Pei, Ming Pei, Junli Chen et al.

Background: Insomnia is one of the common problems in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Previous studies have reported the beneficial effects of auricular acupressure (AA) for insomnia in patients with MHD. This study aimed to critically evaluate the efficacy and safety of AA for insomnia in patients with MHD.Methods: Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Database, Wanfang Data, Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were systematically searched from inception to April 30, 2020, to identify any eligible randomized controlled trials. MHD patients with insomnia were included regardless of age, gender, nationality, or race. The experimental interventions included AA alone or AA combined with other therapies. The control interventions included placebo, no treatment, or other therapies. The primary outcome was sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis.Results: Eight studies involving 618 participants were included for statistical analysis. A meta-analysis showed no significant difference of PSQI global score after 8 weeks of AA treatment compared with estazolam (p = 0.70). Other narrative analyses revealed that PSQI global score was significantly attenuated after AA treatment in comparison with mental health education (p = 0.03, duration of 4 weeks; p = 0.02, duration of 8 weeks), AA plus routine nursing care compared with routine nursing care alone (p < 0.0001), and AA plus footbath compared with footbath alone (p = 0.01), respectively. A meta-analysis showed that AA could significantly increase the response rate (reduction of PSQI global score by 25% and more) in comparison with estazolam (p = 0.01). Other narrative analyses reported that the response rate was significantly increased after AA treatment compared with sham AA (p = 0.02), AA compared with mental health education (p = 0.04), and AA plus routine nursing care compared with routine nursing care alone (p = 0.0003), respectively.Conclusion: The present findings suggest that AA may be an alternative treatment for insomnia in patients with MHD. However, more large-scale, high-quality trials are still warranted to confirm these outcomes.

L. Edwards, P. Torcellini

G. Weisbuch, G. Deffuant, F. Amblard et al.

Vlatka Dugački, Krešimir Regan

This paper presents an overview of the history of healthcare and the development of health institutions in Croatia from prehistory till today. The developments in providing care for the sick and infirm in these lands are described based on relevant literature and periodicals. The presented data is a contribution to the research of the systematic history of the Croatian health system.

Babicheva Olena

The article presents the experience of developing open full-text resources on the example of project «Electronic archive of periodicals Back2News» at the Central Scientific Library at V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The initiative to create an archive is connected with projects to preserve the national heritage, to provide access to historical data of our cultural heritage for different groups of society, which will promote understanding of Ukrainian history, geography, economy, politics, culture. The decision to create the archive was made after studying the world experience of implementing projects on digital archives creation, detailed justification by the Library of the primary need to preserve the newspaper fund, query analyzer for its use. Also, the purpose of creating the archive and the tasks for its successful functioning were determined. We are highlighting the stages of archive creation, its organization, functional properties, special advantages, such as corporate - the possibility of joining the project to other libraries, archives with the purpose of collecting as many complete and qualitative digital collections of Ukrainian periodicals as possible for huge, interactive representation of national cultural heritage and its integration into the world of information and cultural space.

Daiana Gârdan, Emanuel Modoc

Following a two-pronged line of argumentation, our article seeks to analyze and evaluate the current state of quantitative approaches applied to Romanian literature within the context and framework of one of the most prominent emergent fields of literary studies: quantitative formalism. Thus, on the one hand, the paper will attempt to present the most well-known lexicographic instruments currently used in quantitative studies in Romania (The Chronological Dictionary of the Romanian Novel from its Origins to 1989, The Chronological Dictionary of Translated Novels in Romania from its Origins to 1989, and The Bibliography of the Relations between Romanian Literature and Foreign Literatures in Periodicals 1919–1944), and, on the other, to employ the emerging methods that make use of these instruments, alongside their inherent limitations and the pragmatic issues that concern them) as a starting point for a debate on the current state of theoretical and critical approaches to the study of literature in the Romanian academic field. A selective and detailed application of the quantitative methodologies in question, as they are theorized by scholars such as Franco Moretti (“distant reading”) or Matthew L. Jockers (“macroanalysis”) will be another focal point of our paper, as it will seek to further illustrate the manner in which a meta-reflection on the approach itself can encourage the further development of quantitative methods in the study of Romanian literature.

R. Caputo, J. Tremmel, S. Rao et al.

Evanghelia Stead

This special issue originates from the seventh annual conference of the European Society for Periodical Research (ESPRit) I was entrusted with hosting in Paris on ‘Periodicals In-Between: Periodicals in the Ecology of Print and Visual Cultures’. The event took place between the Bibliothèque nationale de France, Inalco and Paris-Sorbonne University in June 2018. A bilingual venue, it brought together young and advanced scholars and discussed the complex parts played by periodicals in a rich array of cultural and scientific settings and milieus from numerous points of view: history of literature, art history, press and media, visual studies, comparative literature, theatre studies, scientific cultures, translation and reception studies. A variety of serial publications were considered: reviews, magazines, parts, supplements, pull-outs, journals, annuals, anthologies, book series, newspapers, even a radio broadcast. This special issue proposes a few select contributions developed into research articles. By presenting them and recalling the conference’s main arguments and themes, the introduction offers an overview of investigations, and highlights some of the hypotheses significant for periodical studies today.

María Victoria Villacrez

Este artículo explora la experimentación como estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje para el fortalecimiento de habilidades de pensamiento creativo en estudiantes de grado séptimo en un contexto rural y urbano. El diseño metodológico es de corte cualitativo y se desarrolló mediante un proceso de diagnóstico, planificación, ejecución y evaluación de técnicas creativas que ayudaron a potencializar habilidades como: sensibilidad hacia los problemas, fluidez, flexibilidad, originalidad y disposición al diseño.