L’articolo tratta il problema della veridicità del film considerando il contributo della musica come componente del suono cinematografico. A tal fine vengono discusse preliminarmente due questioni teorico-metodologiche: la relazione tra fiction e documentario, guardando alle teorie del genere per svincolare la veridicità dal riferimento privilegiato alla nonfiction, e la relazione tra musica e veridicità, intendendo quest’ultima come proprietà emergente del film, in linea con le recenti applicazioni della teoria del bricolage alla produzione cinematografica. Queste riflessioni forniscono gli strumenti per studiare il contributo della musica in film di fiction con pretese di veridicità quali sono i film italiani d’inchiesta, storici e politici del periodo 1950-1975, accomunati da pratiche produttive assimilabili e scelte musicali inconsuete, che concorrono alla veridizione.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
Questo lavoro analizza la Nationality and Entry into Israel Law come strumento di costruzione normativa della cittadinanza e di esercizio del potere politico in Israele. Sebbene giustificata ufficialmente per motivi di sicurezza nazionale, la legge risponde anche a obiettivi demografici: contenere l’unificazione familiare tra cittadini palestinesi israeliani e residenti dei Palestinian Occupied Territories per preservare la maggioranza ebraica. Tuttavia, tale finalità non è dichiarata esplicitamente, per timore che non sia compatibile con la Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty. La Nation-State Law del 2018 ha offerto una cornice etnonazionale a sostegno della legge, senza però risolvere il conflitto con il principio di uguaglianza. Il testo mostra come le istituzioni contribuiscano alla costruzione di una ‘verità’ ufficiale incentrata sulla sicurezza, mentre l’obiettivo demografico opera implicitamente, producendo effetti concreti di esclusione. La legge diventa così un dispositivo politico che definisce chi può appartenere alla nazione e chi ne resta ai margini.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
This study examines the temporal and spatial qualities associated with realist and naturalist novels in general and with Émile Zola’s Germinal in particular. It is based on the assumption that the spatial-temporal qualities of both realist and naturalist genres are fundamentally determined by the pragmatic aspects of literary realism and naturalism, as outlined by early realist thinkers and writers such as Guy de Maupassant, George Eliot, Gustav Flaubert, the de Goncourt brothers, Henry James, Émile Zola, and others. The study aims to provide a deeper understanding of spatial-temporal qualities and the ways in which they contribute to the genre’s distinctive style and impact. By examining these qualities in detail, the paper sheds light on the vital role that naturalist novels play in reflecting and shaping our understanding of the world. The study uses Émile Zola’s Germinal (1885) as a primary referential framework to exemplify the theoretical findings.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
<p dir="ltr">The antislavery and antiracist oratory of Frederick Douglass is a powerful case study of the appropriation and transformation of “the master’s tools.” Douglass’s formative exposure to the classical rhetorical tradition is well known—but just as important are the ways in which he subverted it. He did so by developing a categorically new, hybrid role: the <i>orator-slave.</i> Slavery played an important part in the conceptual apparatus of the Ciceronian rhetoric that Douglass absorbed: it conceived of oratory as a willing, temporary submission to the harms that were commonly associated with slavery. An explanation of the force of Douglass’s oratory should begin with his translation of the orator-slave identification from the metaphorical to the literal plane. Drawing on Douglass’s self-education in rhetorical discipline and artifice, an account of the symbolic uses of slavery in classical rhetoric, and Douglass’s own oratory, I reconstruct his claim to embody classical rhetoric in a uniquely vivid way.</p>
<p dir="ltr">The antislavery and antiracist oratory of Frederick Douglass is a powerful case study of the appropriation and transformation of “the master’s tools.” Douglass’s formative exposure to the classical rhetorical tradition is well known—but just as important are the ways in which he subverted it. He did so by developing a categorically new, hybrid role: the <i>orator-slave.</i> Slavery played an important part in the conceptual apparatus of the Ciceronian rhetoric that Douglass absorbed: it conceived of oratory as a willing, temporary submission to the harms that were commonly associated with slavery. An explanation of the force of Douglass’s oratory should begin with his translation of the orator-slave identification from the metaphorical to the literal plane. Drawing on Douglass’s self-education in rhetorical discipline and artifice, an account of the symbolic uses of slavery in classical rhetoric, and Douglass’s own oratory, I reconstruct his claim to embody classical rhetoric in a uniquely vivid way.</p>
Astrophysical compact objects, such as magnetars, neutron star mergers, etc, have strong electromagnetic fields beyond the Schwinger field ($B_c = 4.4 \times 10^{13}\, {\rm G}$). In strong electric fields, electron-positron pairs are produced from the vacuum, gamma rays create electron-positron pairs in strong magnetic fields, and propagating photons experience vacuum refringence, etc. Astrophysical compact objects with strong electromagnetic fields open a window for probing fundamental physics beyond weak field QED. Ultra-intense lasers and high-energy charged particles may simulate extreme astrophysical phenomena.
L’articolo propone lo studio di Mano rubata di Tommaso Landolfi, racconto che l’autore dedica a una delle sue ossessioni, il gioco d’azzardo. Il gioco, in questo caso potenzialmente mortale, viene analizzato dapprima secondo le categorie di agon, alea e ilinx di Caillois. La scommessa mortale, però, è studiata da una prospettiva teorica specificamente lacaniana. Non si tratta di attribuire a Landolfi un’indebita adesione alle teorie psicanalitiche, quanto di servirsi di un grimaldello teorico laddove testo e teoria sembrano incontrarsi naturalmente su un campo neutro. Il ‘campo neutro’ è quello dello sguardo: più precisamente di uno sguardo voyeuristico. Si noterà come, dietro alla scommessa tra Gisa e Marcello, ci sia lo sguardo voyeuristico e sovraindividuale del grande Altro, che condannerebbe la donna a soggiacere a una struttura di potere. Di fronte a questa eventualità, l’accettazione del suicidio permette a Gisa di denunciare e disinnescare l’intima violenza dello sguardo.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
The miniKanren and Relational Programming Workshop is a workshop for the miniKanren family of relational (pure constraint logic programming) languages: miniKanren, microKanren, core.logic, OCanren, Guanxi, etc. The workshop solicits papers and talks on the design, implementation, and application of miniKanren-like languages. A major goal of the workshop is to bring together researchers, implementors, and users from the miniKanren community, and to share expertise and techniques for relational programming. Another goal for the workshop is to push the state of the art of relational programming - for example, by developing new techniques for writing interpreters, type inferencers, theorem provers, abstract interpreters, CAD tools, and other interesting programs as relations, which are capable of being "run backward," performing synthesis, etc.
Este artículo se centra en una selección de obras narrativa y poéticas del chileno Manuel Rojas y del estadounidense Gary Snyder, ambos autores montañistas y acomunados por la inquietud por plasmar, en el lenguaje literario, el adentrarse del ser humano en el ambiente salvaje de la montaña y su sumirse en un estado de alerta perceptiva y contemplación lúcida frente a escalas dispares que allí se evidencian. Enmarcándose en la teoría de las escalas (DiCaglio, Jue, Horton, Cueto) y en el concepto de aventura (Agamben), la hipótesis postula que las obras registran cómo la experiencia humana de la escalaridad en el medio montano produce una expansión de la conciencia, derivando, según el caso, en una desposesión del yo o en una intuición ofuscada del peligro mortal que se propone como exemplum al lector, así como en una modificación del lenguaje literario mismo que acompaña y hace posible la aventura.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
In this paper, we lay out a vision for analysing semantic trajectory traces and generating synthetic semantic trajectory data (SSTs) using generative language model. Leveraging the advancements in deep learning, as evident by progress in the field of natural language processing (NLP), computer vision, etc. we intend to create intelligent models that can study the semantic trajectories in various contexts, predicting future trends, increasing machine understanding of the movement of animals, humans, goods, etc. enhancing human-computer interactions, and contributing to an array of applications ranging from urban-planning to personalized recommendation engines and business strategy.
We analyze the scattering of light from dipolar emitters whose disordered positions exhibit correlations induced by static, long-range dipole-dipole interactions. The quantum-mechanical position correlations are calculated for zero temperature bosonic atoms or molecules using variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo methods. For stationary atoms in dense ensembles in the limit of low light intensity, the simulations yield solutions for the optical responses to all orders of position correlation functions that involve electronic ground and excited states. We calculate how coherent and incoherent scattering, collective linewidths, line shifts, and eigenmodes, and disorder-induced excitation localization are influenced by the static interactions and the density. We find that dominantly repulsive static interactions in strongly confined oblate and prolate traps introduce short-range ordering among the dipoles which curtails large fluctuations in the light-mediated resonant dipole-dipole interactions. This typically results in an increase in coherent reflection and optical depth, accompanied by reduced incoherent scattering. The presence of static dipolar interactions permits the highly selective excitation of subradiant eigenmodes in dense clouds. This effect becomes even more pronounced in a prolate trap, where the resonances narrow below the natural linewidth. When the static dipolar interactions affect the optical transition frequencies, the ensemble exhibits inhomogeneous broadening due to the nonuniformly experienced static dipolar interactions that suppress cooperative effects, but we argue that, e.g., for Dy atoms such inhomogeneous broadening is negligible.
Universal Adversarial Perturbations (UAPs) are imperceptible, image-agnostic vectors that cause deep neural networks (DNNs) to misclassify inputs with high probability. In practical attack scenarios, adversarial perturbations may undergo transformations such as changes in pixel intensity, scaling, etc. before being added to DNN inputs. Existing methods do not create UAPs robust to these real-world transformations, thereby limiting their applicability in practical attack scenarios. In this work, we introduce and formulate UAPs robust against real-world transformations. We build an iterative algorithm using probabilistic robustness bounds and construct such UAPs robust to transformations generated by composing arbitrary sub-differentiable transformation functions. We perform an extensive evaluation on the popular CIFAR-10 and ILSVRC 2012 datasets measuring our UAPs' robustness under a wide range common, real-world transformations such as rotation, contrast changes, etc. We further show that by using a set of primitive transformations our method can generalize well to unseen transformations such as fog, JPEG compression, etc. Our results show that our method can generate UAPs up to 23% more robust than state-of-the-art baselines.
With the increasing ubiquity of networked control systems, various strategies for sampling constituent subsystems' outputs have emerged. In contrast with periodic sampling, event-triggered control provides a way to efficiently sample a subsystem and conserve network resource usage, by triggering an update only when a state-dependent error threshold is satisfied. Herein we describe a novel scheme for asynchronous event-triggered measurement and control (ETC) of a nonlinear plant using sampler subsystems with hybrid dynamics. We extend existing ETC literature by adopting a more general representation of the sampler subsystem dynamics that do not require trigger periodicity or simultaneity, thus accommodating different sampling schemes for both synchronous and asynchronous ETC applications. We ensure that the plant and controller trigger rules are not susceptible to Zeno behavior by employing auxiliary timer variables in conjunction with state-dependent error thresholds. We conclude with a numerical example in order to illustrate important practical considerations when applying such schemes.
Factor graph is a graph representing the factorization of a probability distribution function, and has been utilized in many autonomous machine computing tasks, such as localization, tracking, planning and control etc. We are developing an architecture with the goal of using factor graph as a common abstraction for most, if not, all autonomous machine computing tasks. If successful, the architecture would provide a very simple interface of mapping autonomous machine functions to the underlying compute hardware. As a first step of such an attempt, this paper presents our most recent work of developing a factor graph accelerator for LiDAR-Inertial Odometry (LIO), an essential task in many autonomous machines, such as autonomous vehicles and mobile robots. By modeling LIO as a factor graph, the proposed accelerator not only supports multi-sensor fusion such as LiDAR, inertial measurement unit (IMU), GPS, etc., but solves the global optimization problem of robot navigation in batch or incremental modes. Our evaluation demonstrates that the proposed design significantly improves the real-time performance and energy efficiency of autonomous machine navigation systems. The initial success suggests the potential of generalizing the factor graph architecture as a common abstraction for autonomous machine computing, including tracking, planning, and control etc.
Il mesmerismo, detto anche magnetismo animale, ispirò una letteratura magnetica che riscosse grande successo in Europa (in particolar modo in Francia, Germania e Inghilterra) e negli Stati Uniti lungo tutto il corso del diciannovesimo secolo. Franz Anton Mesmer (1734-1815) fu il teorizzatore di quest’insieme di pratiche che costituirono un primo sistema psicoterapeutico e inaugurarono numerosi studi sull’ipnotismo. In ambito italiano, il primo scrittore a rappresentare l’immaginario mesmerico nelle proprie opere letterarie fu Giacomo Leopardi. In questo articolo si analizzeranno diverse opere del poeta recanatese e si proporrà, in particolare, una lettura del ‘Dialogo di Torquato Tasso e del suo Genio familiare’ attraverso le lenti del mesmerismo.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
Il saggio sostiene che la forma-personaggio è una caratteristica di qualunque tipo di narrazione. Attraverso di esso gli uomini cercano di rappresentare l’esperienza che il soggetto ha del mondo. Constata però che il modo di concepire il personaggio è cambiato nel tempo e continua a cambiare. Si sofferma infine su un certo tipo di personaggio che pare essersi affermato negli ultimi decenni: il personaggio elusivo, che sfugge sia alla presa del narratore che del lettore. Tale tipo di personaggio non testimonia di un’intenzione cognitivamente nichilistica, ma semmai propugna una visione della realtà in controtendenza rispetto a quella oggi dominante: la comprensione della realtà richiede un atteggiamento di rispetto per la sua complessità e per la resistenza che essa frappone agli sforzi di coloro che vorrebbero conoscerla tutta e subito.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
Recensione a Galvagno, Rosalba. Leopardi tra antico e moderno. Un’elegia triste di Ovidio. La moda e la morte. Il sogno della caduta della luna. Sinestesie 2019.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
Elhadji Mamadou Nguer, Diop Sokhna Bao, Yacoub Ahmed Fall
et al.
The local languages in Senegal, like those of West African countries in general, are written based on two alphabets: supplemented Arabic alphabet (called Ajami) and Latin alphabet. Each writing has its own applications. Ajami writing is generally used by people educated in Koranic schools for communication, business, literature (religious texts, poetry, etc.), traditional religious medicine, etc. Writing with Latin characters is used for localization of ICT (Web, dictionaries, Windows and Google tools translated in Wolof, etc.), the translation of legal texts (commercial code and constitution translated in Wolof) and religious ones (Quran and Bible in Wolof), book edition, etc. To facilitate both populations general access to knowledge, it is useful to set up transliteration tools between these two scriptures. This work falls within the framework of the implementation of project for a collaborative online dictionary Wolof (Nguer E. M., Khoule M, Thiam M. N., Mbaye B. T., Thiare O., Cisse M. T., Mangeot M. 2014), which will involve people using Ajami writing. Our goal will consist, on the one hand in raising the issues related to the transliteration and the challenges that this will raise, and on the other one, presenting the perspectives.