Hasil untuk "Lexicography"

Frank Smadja

J. Sinclair, R. Carter

Věra Dvořáčková

This paper deals with the beginnings of Czech academic lexicography in the context of contemporary international lexicography. When work on the first dictionary covering the contemporary Czech vocabulary commenced, many other lexicographic projects were under way in Europe, frequently not comparable in terms of staffing and funding. The authors of the Czech dictionary were able to learn from the experience of their colleagues abroad, which helped them understand what could be useful in the context of the Czech language, what sources of inspiration could be drawn on, and where greater account should be taken of specific local circumstances. The compilation of the Reference Dictionary of the Czech Language was also substantially influenced by the establishment of the independent Czechoslovak Republic in 1918. In light of its multi-national population, in particular the numerous German and Hungarian minorities, the republic conceived the compilation of an extensive dictionary of the Czech language as a project with significant potential for state formation.

Frédérique Brisset

Uredništvo broja

Za nakladnika: Filip Hameršak, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Glavni urednik: Damir Boras, Sveučilište u Zagrebu Zamjenica glavnoga urednika: Nataša Jermen, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Uredništvo Petra Bago, Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Ivana Crljenko, Svučilište u Zadru Vlatka Dugački, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Ivana Filipović Petrović, Zavod za lingvistička istraživanja u Zagrebu, Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti Zdenko Jecić, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Peter Jordan, Österreichische Academie der Wissenchaften, Institute für Stadt- und Regionalforschung, Wien Niels Elers Koch Udruga lex.dk, Kopenhagen Veronika Lipp Institut za leksikologiju, Mađarski centar za lingvistička istraživanja, Budimpešta Přemysl Mácha Etnološki institut Akademije znanosti Republike Češke, Brno Nives Mikelić Preradović, Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Dino Mujadžević Hrvatski institut za povijest, Slavonski Brod Slaven Ravlić, Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Tea Rogić Musa Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Hrvoje Stančić, Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Goran Sunajko, Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Valters Ščerbinskis Nacionalna enciklopedija, Nacionalna knjižnica Latvije, Riga Ana Šeparović, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Danko Šipka Državno sveučilište Arizone, Tempe Toma Tasovac Digitalna istraživačka infrastruktura za umjetnost i humanističke znanosti, Berlin Domagoj Vidović, Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, Zagreb Savjet časopisa: Vlaho Bogišić, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Davor Kapetanić, Sveučilište Washington u Seattleu Bruno Kragić, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Trpimir Macan, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Antun Vujić, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, Zagreb Izvršna urednica: Iva Klobučar Srbić Urednica online izdanja: Cvijeta Kraus Prijevod: Boris Blažina Oblikovanje i prijelom: Ivo Horvat Dizajn korica: Andrea Holenda Izrada UDK: Dunja Marija Gabriel Izlazi dva puta godišnje Godina izdanja: 2024. Tisak: Division 4 Vision ISSN 1846–6745 e-ISSN 2459-5578 Adresa uredništva: Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Frankopanska 26, 10 000 Zagreb, Hrvatska Tel: +385 1 48 00 300, Tel./Faks: +385 1 48 00 399 E-mail: studia_lexicographica@lzmk.hr Web: http://studialexicographica.lzmk.hr Prilozi objavljeni u časopisu Studia lexicographica referiraju se u: ERIH PLUS DOAJ HRČAK

Gary Manchec German

The Norman Conquest of England (1066) profoundly and permanently altered not only the social order of England but also the English language. A diglossic relationship resulted, with Anglo-Norman French becoming the language of the ruling classes, while Latin continued as the language of the clergy. Until the beginning of the 14th century, English was considered the speech of merchant class and the peasantry.As early as the 10th century, but in a radically different sociohistorical and geopolitical framework, the Breton nobility gradually adopted French. In both cases, Breton and English adopted massive numbers of new words from French and Latin, often the same ones. This source remains a largely unexploited comparative tool for lexicographers of the three languages. In the case of English, native speakers still viscerally feel this Latinate vocabulary to be more sophisticated and intellectually superior to that of English origin, a form of diglossia internal to English which has lasted for 956 years. A similar situation existed in Brittany throughout the Middle Breton period.In this article, I trace the way in which the English language, by the middle of the 14th century, progressively served as a symbol of a new national identity that was at once religious, popular, and ethnic. It was also during this century that the Anglo-Norman nobility abandoned French, creating the conditions which contributed to the birth of a standard language from the 15th century onwards.

Reza Pishghadam, Aida Firooziyan Pour Esfahani, Ailin Firooziyan Pour Esfahani

A dictionary is a repository of various kinds of linguistic information about words. It presents general information about words such as the words’ meaning, pronunciation, etymology, and the syntactic category to which it belongs, collocational or idiomatic structures in which it may be found. Given the significance of linguistic information presented in the dictionaries, Persian dictionaries suffer from lack of psycho-cultural information which reflects and presents the culture of a society and as the result, should necessarily be included in them. Keeping the importance of this kind of information in mind, and considering the significance of psychological factors in speakers’ knowledge of the world as well as considering sensory experience as the cornerstone of emotional and cognitive abilities and believing that reality is relative, drawing upon the newly proposed sensory concept of emotioncy, this study attempts to introduce emotioncy and its components (emotion, sense and frequency) as useful tools in dictionary making. To this end, the present study will shed some light on sensory and emotional experiences of words of the languages so as to ultimately uncover the origins of the gap in the current dictionaries and enrich them by adding some missed but important and useful information about the words of the languages. Finally, although the findings of the present study is suggestive, further research into the this may help develop it in a broader empirical framework.

Mladen Klemenčić

Turopolje je jedna od tradicionalnih hrvatskih regija, među manjima po opsegu, ali prepoznatljiva imena i obilježja. U razdoblju od 2018. do 2021. u Leksikografskom zavodu izrađeno je regionalno izdanje posvećeno Turopolju. Jedno od temeljnih pitanja za uredništvo Turopoljskoga leksikona bilo je odrediti područje koje regija obuhvaća. U članku se donosi pregled različitih definicija turopoljskoga područja u stručnoj literaturi kao i pregled promjena upravno-teritorijalne podjele koje su prethodile današnjem stanju, a koje su presudno na nj utjecale. Vodeći se načelom sveobuhvatnosti, uredništvo se odlučilo za širu definiciju područja po kojoj je Turopolje obuhvatilo današnje upravne jedinice grad Veliku Goricu i općine Kravarsko, Orle i Pokupsko, te dijelove (pojedina naselja) današnjega grada Zagreba i općine Lekenik.

Rafaela Araújo Jordão Rigaud Peixoto

Standardizing terminology is very important to maintain the accuracy of information being disseminated, mainly in specialized fields such as Aeronautical Meteorology. Based on terminology (Pavel; Nolet 2001; Cabré 1999 and 2003) and corpora (Santos 2008 and 2014; Tognini-Bonelli 2011) theoretical foundations, definitions and translation to Portuguese of expressions and terms contained in Table 4678, concerning the main meteorology codes, as prescribed by the World Meteorological Organization (2011), were discussed. As a result, a systematization for terminological procedures is proposed, by using corpora with set validation standards. In this way, this paper intends to contribute to avoid misunderstandings regarding the criticality level of meteorological situations being communicated during air traffic operations.

Jovica M. Mikić

This paper deals with the selection and the lexicographic treatment of figurative expressions in two dictionaries: a French-Serbian dictionary for elementary school students and an Italian-Serbian dictionary for elementary and secondary school students. First, the corpus is processed for the purpose of quantitative comparison of figurative expressions, then 18 related words from each dictionary are singled out in order for qualitative similarities and differences to be more thoroughly examined, with, finally, the same words being analysed by means of general two-way dictionaries. The highlights of the analysis are as follows: the number of marked figurative expressions is disproportionately greater in the dictionary intended for both elementary and secondary school students; translation equivalents are identical or very similar in both school dictionaries, with the exception of the way they are marked; both school dictionaries feature examples for all figurative meanings; and, the number of figurative meanings in school dictionaries is lower than in general dictionaries, but the former show more consistence with regard to their marking and exemplifying. As far as the results are concerned, they are interpreted through the prism of lexicological, lexicographic, and didactic factors. In the end, the author conclude(s) that an appropriate treatment of figurative expressions is one of the key reasons why two-way school dictionaries are still an indispensable tool in foreign language teaching.

Janet DeCesaris

Philippe De Brabanter, Saghie Sharifzadeh

This paper looks into the category membership of colour words that enter into combination with modifiers like bright, dark, light, or pale. The English grammatical literature usually assumes that these ‘composite colour strings’, used attributively or predicatively, form adjective-adjective compounds. Closer scrutiny, however, reveals difficulties with this view. First, it is unusual for adjectives to modify adjectives. Second, even if they are compounds, it is unusual for their comparative and superlative inflections to be marked not on the head of the structure, but internally on the modifier, as in brighter red. These difficulties lead us to question the compoundhood of those strings, but also to explore the possibility that, at least in some predicative and attributive uses, the colour words in them are nouns. Using data from the BNC and COCA, we test our intuitions and those found in the literature. We conclude that the adjective-adjective compound analysis of composite colour strings cannot be generalised to all predicative and attributive uses. In at least some of those, the colour word is a noun. In some other cases, it may not be possible to decide if the colour word is a noun or an adjective.

Mira Nábělková

The paper focuses on mutual reception of literary works and nurture of biliteracy in the Czech and Slovak cultural environments. Attention is paid to the issue of mutual intelligibility of Slovak and Czech in relation to the existence and development of bilingualism and biliteracy as historically changeable phenomena. Alongside the traditional dichotomy between „reading books in original“ and „reading books in translation“, what may be observed in the Czecho-Slovak context is also existence of the third way – reading books in the original language equipped with appended text dictionaries serving as aids in solving potential problems with unknown expressions in literary works. The paper presents specific examples of language management aimed at simultaneous nurture of bilingualism and biliteracy – publishing the requirements and suggestions of text lexicography and editorial pre-production of literary works including appended text dictionaries designed for Czech readers of Slovak literature. Attention is paid to the interwar period marked by intense social negotiations over the optimal interliterary relations.

Cathy Parc

Sarah Bourse

The last few years have seen the emergence of the term “post-truth” to characterize the political scene. This concept refers to a situation where the objective facts have far less importance and impact than appeals to emotion and personal belief in order to influence public opinion. In this so-called post-truth era, to what extent can this prevalence of emotions be observed in recent political speeches? More precisely, is lexicon prone to arouse emotions? Through the study of a corpus on the topic of drug reform in the United States, the author examines the participation of loaded words to fearmongering strategies and appeals to pity.

Elisa Corino

This section gathers some of the papers presented at the Translating Europe Workshop held in Turin on April 15th 2019 organized by the  Turin research group in Environmental Humanities. The papers deal with the manifold aspects of translating environment related texts, ranging from the terminological problems to the legal aspects concerning the theme.

Mladen Klemenčić

Hrvatsko zagorje (ili kraće Zagorje) jedna je od hrvatskih regija prepoznatljiva naziva i obilježja (brežuljkast kraj, gusta naseljenost, bogato spomeničko naslijeđe). U razdoblju od 2014. do 2017. u Leksikografskome je zavodu izrađena regionalna enciklopedija posvećena Hrvatskome zagorju. Jedno od temeljnih pitanja za uredništvo Enciklopedije Hrvatskoga zagorja bilo je odrediti područje koje regija obuhvaća. Polazeći od općega enciklopedijskog načela sveobuhvatnosti, uredništvo Enciklopedije odlučilo je prihvatiti širu definiciju područja prema kojoj ono obuhvaća Krapinsko-zagorsku županiju u cjelini te dijelove Varaždinske i Zagrebačke županije. U članku se donosi pregled različitih definicija zagorskoga područja u stručnoj literaturi, na temelju kojih je uredništvo Enciklopedije i zauzelo svoje stajalište. Također se donose i temeljne informacije o podrijetlu horonima Hrvatsko zagorje.

Tim Buckwalter

Ana Frankenberg-Garcia

Arleta Adamska-Sałaciak