Hasil untuk "Building construction"

Samuele Schiavoni, F. D’Alessandro, F. Bianchi et al.

A. Ghaffarianhoseini, J. Tookey, Amirhosein Ghaffarianhoseini et al.

L. Jaillon, C. S. Poon, Y. Chiang

Karoline V. Figueiredo, R. Pierott, A. Hammad et al.

Abstract Construction professionals and researchers are increasingly looking for sustainable solutions for buildings in a bid to reduce some of the negative impacts associated with the sector. A common misconception is to consider sustainability as only concerning environmental issues, without regard for the interaction between a triple bottom line framework that is comprised of social, economic, and environmental factors. Material choice is known to impact building sustainability directly since the use of certain materials can dramatically alter the footprint generated over the life cycle of the building. However, the construction industry is not yet equipped with approaches that simultaneously account for all three aspects of sustainability when it comes to deciding on materials to adopt. This paper proposes a decision-making framework for construction professionals and researchers involving the integration of Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA), Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), and Building Information Modeling (BIM) to choose suitable materials for buildings. The framework is built based on a literature review of relevant papers to identify critical factors and challenges to implementing this integration. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process was chosen as the MCDA method within the proposed framework, given that the problem of material choice often contains subjectivity, uncertainty, and ambiguity, which is best solved with fuzzy logic. A residential building was adopted as a case study to validate the proposed framework, and the LCSA method is applied, covering the construction, operation, and end-of-life phases of the building.

Li Zhengkun, Ding Xupeng, Wang Xiaotao et al.

Low-temperature superconductivity and space exploration urgently require compact， highly reliable， and long-lifespan cooling technologies that operate in the liquid-helium temperature range. Multistage Stirling-type pulse tube cryocoolers are a promising solution. In this study， a thermally coupled three-stage Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler was designed and constructed. The system employs a two high-frequency （70 Hz） Stirling cryocooler （model TC3130， Lihan） to precool the third stage， thus providing cooling capacities of 5 W and 2 W at 70 K and 32 K， respectively. For the third stage， simplified models were first established using Sage to determine the key operating parameters， including the operating frequency， average pressure， and precooling temperature. The third stage was fully simulated， followed by the final design and experimental set up. Experimental results show that under an average pressure of 1.4 MPa， a frequency of 21 Hz， and a total input power of approximately 370 W， the lowest no-load temperature reached 5.16 K， with typical cooling capacities of 50 mW and 102 mW at 6 K and 7 K， respectively.

I. Wuni, G. Shen

ABSTRACT Modular integrated construction (MiC) is an innovative construction approach which transforms the fragmented linear site-based construction of buildings into an integrated production and assembly of value-added prefabricated prefinished modules. As MiC has gained attention in the construction industry, more in-depth knowledge of the critical success factors (CSFs) for implementing MiC projects is imperative. This research reviewed studies on the CSFs for implementing MiC projects during the period 1993–2019. Analysis showed that the US, UK, Malaysia, Australia, and Hong Kong are the largest contributors to the MiC CSFs studies. Further analysis generated 35 CSFs for implementing MiC projects. Of these, the six most cited CSFs shared between countries and MiC projects include good working collaboration and effective communication among project participants; effective supply chain management; accurate design and early design freeze; involvement of key project participants throughout the project; suitable procurement strategy and contracting; and standardization & benchmarking of best practices. These shared CSFs can be used to develop decision support systems, enabling the prediction of project success. The developed checklists and conceptual model of the CSFs could help to guide and improve the successful implementation of MiC projects and may form a useful basis for future empirical studies.

Odey Alshboul, Ali Shehadeh, Ghassan Almasabha et al.

Accurate building construction cost prediction is critical, especially for sustainable projects (i.e., green buildings). Green building construction contracts are relatively new to the construction industry, where stakeholders have limited experience in contract cost estimation. Unlike conventional building construction, green buildings are designed to utilize new technologies to reduce their operations’ environmental and societal impacts. Consequently, green buildings’ construction bidding and awarding processes have become more complicated due to difficulties forecasting the initial construction costs and setting integrated selection criteria for the winning bidders. Thus, robust green building cost prediction modeling is essential to provide stakeholders with an initial construction cost benchmark to enhance decision-making. The current study presents machine learning-based algorithms, including extreme gradient boosting (XGBOOST), deep neural network (DNN), and random forest (RF), to predict green building costs. The proposed models are designed to consider the influence of soft and hard cost-related attributes. Evaluation metrics (i.e., MAE, MSE, MAPE, and R2) are applied to evaluate and compare the developed algorithms’ accuracy. XGBOOST provided the highest accuracy of 0.96 compared to 0.91 for the DNN, followed by RF with an accuracy of 0.87. The proposed machine learning models can be utilized as a decision support tool for construction project managers and practitioners to advance automation as a coherent field of research within the green construction industry.

Sungjin Kim, M. Peavy, Pei-Chi Huang et al.

Abstract A major challenge toward construction robotization is a lack of a system that generates detailed behaviors of robots as part of the construction process based on information contained in building information modeling (BIM) and construction schedules. This study extends BIM to incorporate robot task planning and generate detailed motions conducting construction tasks. A prototype was built upon robot operating system (ROS), focusing on generating robot task plans for indoor wall painting. The prototype includes a converter that generates a ROS-compliant world file from industry foundation classes (IFC) file and sub-processes that conduct localization, navigation, and motion planning. A case study was conducted to demonstrate the system's capability to simulate behaviors of a painting robot and evaluate the performance within the context of the construction-related tasks. The case study demonstrates the proposed BIM-leveraged robot task planning can integrate construction and robotics domains to plan operations of autonomous robots in construction projects.

Guochen Zhao, Zheng Yang, Jingzhou Zhu et al.

The longitudinal joints in shield tunnels connect the segments in a ring and can predominantly influence the mechanical behavior of the lining. The axial force environment influences the flexural capacity of longitudinal joints in shield tunnels and is a key indicator of the damage state of shield tunnels under seismic loading. In addition to increased seismic demand, the flexural capacity of the longitudinal joints is also enhanced at higher seismic intensities. However, existing seismic fragility analyses of shield tunnels have overlooked the influence of axial force, so the conclusions do not accurately reflect actual conditions. To address this gap, this paper proposes an analytical model to estimate the flexural capacity of longitudinal joints and develops a probabilistic model based on a Bayesian approach. The fragility curves for shield tunnels in three different damage states, considering the influence of the axial force environment, are presented. The results show that, for the example used in this paper, when <i>PGA</i> = 0 and the tunnel is in a homogeneous condition, the mean flexural capacity of the lining is 196 kN·m. When the tunnel joint is considered, the mean joint capacity is 142 kN·m for the positive bending moment loading condition and 91 kN·m for the negative bending moment loading condition. When <i>PGA</i> reaches 1.6 g, the mean estimation of the flexural capacity of the tunnel joint is about 310 kN·m. Therefore, the flexural capacity of the longitudinal joints gradually increases with the increase in the seismic demand. The fragility analysis results show that shield tunnels are more susceptible to failure at longitudinal joints at low seismic intensities and more vulnerable in segments at higher seismic intensities.

Jingjing An, Yi Wu, Chenxin Gui et al.

I. Skrzypczak, Grzegorz Oleniacz, A. Leśniak et al.

ABSTRACT Laser scanning 3D technology is gaining prominence in Architecture, Engineering and Construction, aiming to organize space and shape the human environment. Main advantages of laser scanning, such as efficiency, high accuracy and precision, low time consumption, safety, and non-invasiveness, provide technological support for sustainable development goals. Obtaining a point cloud using laser scanning and creating 3D models allows producing a highly detailed computer image of a measuring facility. The resulting spatial model of the building makes it possible to prepare inventory documentation, conduct construction analyses, and widely support technical facility management. The use of detailed data about a single building is becoming possible to enrich BIM (Building Information Modelling) or GEOBIM (geospatial environment with BIM). The present paper discusses the measurement and modelling of buildings using both terrestrial laser scanning. As an auxiliary method, close-range photogrammetry was carried out from an unmanned aerial vehicle. For this purpose, models were created of three facilities located in Poland. Particular attention was drawn to analysing potential errors in mapping. Direct geometry measurements were performed, and statistical analyses, deviations of actual lengths were specified. The results obtained have indicated that the measurement accuracy of existing buildings and its digital model is better than ±1 cm.

Nusrat Jannat, A. Hussien, B. Abdullah et al.

Abstract The production process of conventional building materials consumes a high amount of energy which has a negative impact on the environment. The use of locally available materials and upgradation of traditional techniques can be a good option for sustainable development. Consequently, earth has attracted the attention of the researchers as a building construction material for its availability and lower environmental impact. On the other hand, in developing countries waste disposal from the agricultural and industrial sectors raises another serious concern. The scientists have introduced such waste additives into the earth matrix to improve its performance. Therefore, the present paper reviews the state-of-the-art of research on the effects of these various agro and non-agro wastes in the production of unfired earth blocks. This study is divided into three sections: The first section outlines the different types of waste materials and earth blocks considered in the selected papers. The second part deals in depth with the test results of the different properties (density, water absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength and thermal conductivity) of unfired earth blocks containing waste materials. The last section analyses and compares the results with the current earth-building construction standards. The literature survey presents that the waste materials have a clear potential to partly replace earth by complying with certain requirements. Moreover, the application of such wastes for the development of building construction materials provides a solution that decreases energy usage as well as contributes to effective waste management. Future research on establishing guidelines and standards for the development and production of these sustainable unfired earth building materials is recommended.

Nurullah Bektaş, Maysam Shmlls

Product sustainability has moved beyond being an elective preference to becoming a certain necessity. However, earthquakes in different regions, particularly Türkiye–Syria, Afghanistan, and Morocco, have produced a substantial amount of construction waste and debris. In the context of green urban initiatives and environmental preservation, theeffective management and reduction of environmental impact (EI) are imperative. This urgency underscores the significance of the study’s focus on a ten-story reinforced concrete (RC) dormitory building in Győr, Hungary, chosen as a case study. The research delves into the incorporation of three distinct concrete compositions through seismic design, aligning with the innovative approach of emphasizing recycled aggregate-based concrete to mitigate the EI. Utilizing AxisVM X7 and Revit software, the study meticulously created and analyzed a detailed building model, revealing a significant percentage (35%) and amount (1519.89 tons) of concrete waste that could be incorporated into construction. The results also showed a reduction in both total carbon emissions and the price of materials by falling 27.5% and 9.13%, respectively. We propose an eco-friendly way to effectively reuse debris from earthquakes, focusing on the case study of the 2023 Türkiye–Syria earthquake and encouraging resource efficiency while also addressing the construction waste problems that arise after an earthquake.

I. Karatasios, S. Papaioannou, E. Tziviloglou et al.

The aim of this work is the development of cementitious macro-capsules for self-healing cement and concrete materials. Emphasis is placed on shell properties, including size, thickness, strength, and volume to active component ratio. This enhancement is aimed at protecting the healing agent and ensuring adequate reactivity upon crack formation, surpassing survivability considerations. To this direction, core/shell particles have been produced following the pan-coating method, while different types and concentrations of setting acceleration solutions for the shell stabilization were studied. The formation of core-shell capsules encompasses the formation a spherical core through agglomeration, followed by simultaneous spraying of cement powder and a setting acceleration solution for the shell formation, under continuous rotation. The microstructural characteristics of the shell were studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the reactivity of the protected core (reactive agent) inside the hardened mortar mixtures was evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, the crushing load of the capsules under compression and their survivability during mixing process were examined and interpreted in relation to their diameter, circularity, and shell thickness.The results revealed the ability of the encapsulation methodology proposed to tailor the shell properties and modify the capsule properties so as satisfy the requirements of different applications. The use of setting accelerators during shell formation proved essential for enhancing the density and the strength of the shell layer. As a consequence, this leads to macro-scale capsules with elevated survivability rate and core reactivity.