Hasil untuk "Biography"

S. Boym

S. H. Kan

M. Pedler, J. Burgoyne, T. Boydell

Larissa Muraveva

This paper is the first examination of its kind of the Russian-language autofiction tradition, which emerged and developed in the context of recent socio-political upheavals. There is currently no single and universal understanding of what ‘autofiction’ is, and each national literary tradition implies its own nuances. In Russian literature, autofiction also has its own specific agenda and modulations, which derive exclusively from practice rather than theory (as was the case, say, with French literature). Initially facing harsh scepticism, Russian autofiction has gradually become a significant literary genre, largely preoccupied with the personal and collective traumas of the post-Soviet era. The paper traces the genre’s peculiarities and evolution, highlighting its roots in Soviet ‘camp prose’ and émigré memoirs. The first part of the paper provides a comprehensive overview of how autofiction has emerged and gained prominence in recent Russian literature. It explores the genre’s thematic preoccupations and its interaction with broader literary traditions, including its adaptation and transformation of Western autofictional texts. The second part employs theories of cultural traumas and cultural memory to analyse how Russian-language autofiction represents and refracts the traumatic experiences of its authors, offering new perspectives on collective memory and identity. Through this analysis, the article demonstrates how Russian autofiction affects the ‘transpersonal dimension’ through exploration of distorted family memories as well as dealing with the intergenerational and intertextual transmission of traumatic experience.

Metropolitan of Tambov and Rasskazovo Theodosius (Sergey I. Vasnev)

RELEVANCE. The outstanding Russian poet Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin is one of the few authors who, in his artistic work, theologically comprehended human existence, man’s place in the world and his relationship to the Creator and Creator of the world. The object of study in the article is the spiritual poetry of G.R. Derzhavin; The subject of the study is the poet’s religious ideas about man and his relationship with God and the world around him, reflected in the genre of spiritual ode. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the expression of the Orthodox worldview of G.R. Derzhavin in episodes of his biography and poetic creativity using the example of a spiritual ode.MATERIALS AND METHODS. In accordance with the interdisciplinary nature of the research, the author used a combination of philological, historical and theological scientific methods, the most important of which were historical-biographical, intertextual and hermeneutic.RESULT AND DISCUSSION. The analysis of G.R. Derzhavin’s biographical facts and the memoirs of his contemporaries made it possible to characterize the poet as a person deeply rooted in the Orthodox faith striving to get aware of Divine truths, as well as to convey the highest moral law to a wide circle of his readers through verbal creativity. A review of works written in the genre of spiritual odes and based on a number of psalms, as well as a theological and philological analysis of the ode “God” made it possible to identify semantic and ideological connections of the author’s worldview with the dogmatic and anthropological teaching of the Orthodox Church. By revealing the theological content of the lexemes “slave” – “king”, “worm” – “God”, the author of the article resolves the apparent antinomy and gives an interpretation of these words from the point of view of Orthodox anthropology.CONCLUSION. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that the pinnacle of G.R. Derzhavin’s poetic creativity is the ode “God”, which fully reveals the features of the poet’s Orthodox worldview, in particular, its anthropological and soteriological aspects. The main theme of the ode is the greatness of God, in whom man is called to believe, who he must constantly thank, humbly and lovingly magnify and glorify, treading in the steps of King David, the Old Testament psalmist.

Eleanor Careless, Vicky Sparrow

An introduction to the Anna Mendelssohn special issue of the Journal of British and Irish Innovative Poetry. This collection is based on the proceedings of the Anna Mendelssohn Symposium, held at the University of Sussex in February 2017. The symposium took as its epigraph the title of a Mendelssohn poem: ‘Poetry does not deserve evil keepers’. This title sets down a challenge for readers and critics of Mendelssohn’s work, compelling us to ask: what does it mean to be good keepers of (her) poetry? How is the literary critic to deal with the biographical and political contexts – such as her incarceration for anti-capitalist activism, or the precarity of her later life in Cambridge – which intrude upon readings of her texts? We then sketch a brief biography of Mendelssohn, and discuss approaches to reading her complex and elusive poetry. Lastly, we outline the articles and responses that make up this special issue.

Luis Cayón

This text presents Alcida Rita Ramos’ personal, professional and academic trajectory. It highlights certain crucial moments in her biography to better understand her thinking and contributions to Americanist Anthropology. The text highlights her research projects and her political commitment to the Yanomami people. It covers the various phases of her career and reveals some of her recent thoughts on the future of ethnography and anthropology, which stress the importance of the new surge of indigenous anthropologists in Brazilian universities.

S. Yu. Malysheva

This article explores the life and work of B.F. Sultanbekov, a prominent Tatar historian, archivist, and publicist, using the documents from the State Archives of the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as his published writings, personal materials, and memoirs. The landmarks of B.F. Sultanbekov’s biography and his development as a historian are traced. The factors that influenced his personality are considered. The people who shaped his views are discussed. Particularly emphasized is the important role played by B.F. Sultanbekov in managing the archives and records of the Republic of Tatarstan. He also contributed immensely to the restoration of the historical truth about the Stalinist repressions and helped many repressed figures get their good names back. The research interests of B.F. Sultanbekov are analyzed, and the reasons why he focused on certain problems and historical events of Russia and Tatarstan during the 20th century are disclosed. His approaches to analysis and work with the sources are summarized: he paid great attention to personal testimonies and studied historical events through the fates of the people who witnessed them.

Giulia Bravi

Antonio Gandusio is among the last Brillante to tread the Italian scenes. Not a son of art, he becomes one of the most important exponents of Italian comedy of early twentieth century. In his career he acts with actors such as Ermete Novelli, Flavio Andò and Lyda Borelli. In addition to being a theater, radio and cinema’s performer, he is a refined book collector and passionate reader.

Igor’ A. Vinogradov

The article covers the problem of K.N. Leontiev’s perception of the N.V. Gogol’s heritage. They were close in worldview but divided by a misunderstanding based on the interpretation of Gogol’s legacy in radical criticism. As the student Leontiev experienced the influence of Western ideology, which led to his negative attitude towards Gogol’s satire. Decisive for him was the opinion of A.I. Herzen about Gogol as an “unconscious revolutionary,” reported to Leontiev by I.S. Turgenev. After the ideological “breakthrough” that followed, when the critic began to adhere to conservative views, his understanding of Gogol’s work remained unchanged. As in his youth, when the authorities for Leontiev were V.G. Belinsky, I.S. Turgenev, A.I. Herzen and N.G. Chernyshevsky, he continued to evaluate Gogol’s heritage exclusively in the context of the accusatory literature of the “natural school.”

Louise Viljoen

In this article, I read the Dutch poet Alfred Schaffer’s volume of poetry Mens dier ding (Man animal thing) against the background of transnationalism. I employ transnationalism as critical or hermeneutic perspective and focus on the identity of the author, the themes worked  out in the volume and the use of anachronism and metapoetical references as literary strategies in support of the transnational nature of the text. Reference is made to the way in which Schaffer’s biography (his Dutch-Aruban descent, his movement between the Netherlands and South Africa, his views on poetry) facilitates a transnational reading of his volume Mens dier ding based on the history of the Zulu king Shaka as depicted in Thomas Mofolo’s novel Chaka (published in 1925). The article also reads Mens dier ding against the background of the idea that transnational literature is a particular kind of literature that emerges at a specific point in history and deals with issues and themes associated with imperialism, colonisation, decolonisation and globalisation such as migration, displacement, cultural hybridity, identity, citizenship and the status of refugees. This reading is prompted by the fact that Schaffer displaces the historical Shaka to the present and eventually also represent him as an asylum seeker in an unnamed country. I discuss the volume’s formal features, the transnational conversation with Mofolo’s novel, the use of anachronism and the insertion of metapoetical elements in the text as literary strategies to deal with transnational issues such as migration, displacement, racial hierarchies, inequality and refugee experience.

Enrico Maria Faltoni

Vie de ma voisine (2017) is the true the story of Shoah survivor Eugénie Plocki told through the eyes of her neighbour and in the words of Geneviève Brisac. A life story, it is also a testimonial and a biography. This article examines narrative and linguistic choices that allow Brisac to demonstrate both the limits of her testimonial and her duty to stand witness. It also shows how the biographical pact she has committed to coincides with the birth of a friendship.

Kondrashov P.N.

On March 23, 2020, the world-famous French psychologist and Marxist philosopher Lucien Sève died at the age of 94 from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This review article briefly describes the life of L. Sève and examines his contribution to the theoretical development of Marxist philosophy, psychology, anthropology, bioethics, sociology and political science. The author shows that in his well-known theory of personality under the personality Sève understands a specific individual in his organic and dialectical unity with those biographical, interpersonal and socio-historical processes and relations in the system of which he exists, and through which he is connected with the world. In this regard the fundamental methodological significance of biography for Marxist social psychology is established. It shows the key role of Lucien Sava in organizing a Large edition of the works of Marx and Engels (GEME - Grande Édition de Marx et d'engels) - the project of publishing all the works of Karl Marx and Fredric Engels.

Dr. Asif Saleem

This article sheds light on the Prophetic biography in the Poetry of the Contemporary Prophetic Praise. The poets mentioned in this article describe different events in the life of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) some poets write about the life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) from birth to death some writes about different events that occurred in his life. Events like the night journey of Holy Prophet (Lailat al-Mi'raj) or hijrat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) from Makkah to Madinah or Ghazwāt (battle fought by the Holy Prophet) and some write to defend the Holy Prophet against false accusations.

Ilaria Aletto

Focusing on the ideas of ostranenie and pathos, the paper explores the affinities and the divergences between the theoretical conceptions of V. Shklovsky and S. Eisenstein.

Sylviane Coyault

In her novel Que font les rennes après Noël ? Olivia Rosenthal interweaves a documentary on animals, based on testimonies gathered from professionals who work in contact with animals and a biographical fiction: the story of a woman, from her childhood to adulthood, until the moment when She assumes her homosexuality. This complex weaving makes it possible to address most of the questions that the contemporary world poses about the animal world, but above all, to question the savagery and the domestication – of the human as well as the animal.

Magdalena Ozimek

Social sciences, understood as critical and not neutral by nature, they should be equipped with specific competencies and sensivity. C.  W. Mills these comptence define as sociological imagination – which is study of the relationship of history and biography, Giddens interpreted it as three basic senses: historical, anthropological, critical. The translation into political science would be a political theories imagination, it consist,, among over things like a: historicity of political phenomena, antisubstansialism, research self-awareness. Definition of political theories imagination I propose in the context of Wiktor Marzec’s paper Rebelion and Reaction, which is a study from field of historical sociology, it’s in itself a lot of inspiration for theorists of politics: research, theoretical and methodological. It is worth considering – in this context – fundamental categories of political science, like political subjectivity and the political, also revalidate in their range.

A. M. Schlesinger, Dumas Malone

J. Keynes

P. Ferretti