Hasil untuk "Pharmaceutical industry"

Yelyzaveta Vodovozova, Abhishek Awasthi, Caitlin Jones et al.

Optimization is a crucial task in various industries such as logistics, aviation, manufacturing, chemical, pharmaceutical, and insurance, where finding the best solution to a problem can result in significant cost savings and increased efficiency. Tensor networks (TNs) have gained prominence in recent years in modeling classical systems with quantum-inspired approaches. More recently, TN generative-enhanced optimization (TN-GEO) has been proposed as a strategy which uses generative modeling to efficiently sample valid solutions with respect to certain constraints of optimization problems. Moreover, it has been shown that symmetric TNs (STNs) can encode certain constraints of optimization problems, thus aiding in their solution process. In this work, we investigate the applicability of TN- and STN-GEO to an industry relevant problem class, a multi-knapsack problem, in which each object must be assigned to an available knapsack. We detail a prescription for practitioners to use the TN-and STN-GEO methodology and study its scaling behavior and dependence on its hyper-parameters. We benchmark 60 different problem instances and find that TN-GEO and STN-GEO produce results of similar quality to simulated annealing.

Marek Kowalik, Ellen Michael, Peter Pogány et al.

Quantum computing holds promise for revolutionizing computational chemistry simulations, particularly in drug discovery. However, current quantum hardware is limited by noise and scale, necessitating bridging technologies. This study provides an initial evaluation of tensor network quantum emulators, narrowed to matrix product state-based emulators, for Hamiltonian simulation of pharmaceutical molecules, with a focus on predicting the reactivity of targeted covalent drugs. We assess runtime scaling, accuracy, and resource requirements across various active space sizes, comparing performance to traditional state vector simulation methods. Our results reveal that, for accurate estimation of the expectation value trajectory of a key measurement operator - used as a quantum-derived feature for reactivity prediction - the required bond dimension in matrix product state tensor networks grows rapidly with system size, effectively negating runtime advantages for larger, chemically relevant molecules. This study highlights the fundamental challenges in classically simulating complex quantum chemistry systems and contributes to the support of the irreplaceability premise of quantum computers to efficiently handle strongly entangled systems. Such robustness of fault-tolerant quantum computers leads to practical advantages in drug discovery applications.

Peter Hines, Florian Magnani, Josefa Mula et al.

This paper proposes a human-centered conceptual model integrating lean and Industry 4.0 based on the literature review and validated it through a case study in the context of an advanced automotive first-tier supplier. Addressing a significant gap in existing research on lean Industry 4.0 implementations, the study provides both theoretical insights and practical findings. It emphasizes the importance of a human-centered approach, identifies key enablers and barriers. In the implementation process of the case study, it is considered at group level and model site level through operational, social and technological perspectives in a five-phase multi-method approach. It shows what effective human-centered lean Industry 4.0 implementation look like and how advanced lean tools can be digitized. It highlights 26 positive and 10 negative aspects of the case and their causal relation. With the appropriate internal and external technological knowhow and people skills, it shows how successful implementation can benefit the organization and employees based on the conceptual model that serves as a first step toward lean Industry 5.0.

Sheikh Muhammad Farjad

DaemonSec is an early-stage startup exploring machine learning (ML)-based security for Linux daemons, a critical yet often overlooked attack surface. While daemon security remains underexplored, conventional defenses struggle against adaptive threats and zero-day exploits. To assess the perspectives of IT professionals on ML-driven daemon protection, a systematic interview study based on semi-structured interviews was conducted with 22 professionals from industry and academia. The study evaluates adoption, feasibility, and trust in ML-based security solutions. While participants recognized the potential of ML for real-time anomaly detection, findings reveal skepticism toward full automation, limited security awareness among non-security roles, and concerns about patching delays creating attack windows. This paper presents the methods, key findings, and implications for advancing ML-driven daemon security in industry.

Purnima Rani Debi, Hrishika Barua, Mirja Kaizer Ahmmed et al.

The popularity of bioactive compounds extracted from sea cucumbers is growing due to their wide application in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly in the development of drugs for neurological disorders. Different types of compounds, such as saponins, phenolic compounds, cerebrosides, and glucocerebrosides, are being studied intensively for their efficacy in assessing the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and brain tumors, among others. Positive results have been observed in the upregulation in the content of p-CREB, p-PL3K, BDNF, SOD, and MDA. Furthermore, the neuroprotective mechanism of the compounds against Alzheimer’s disease revealed that suppressing the phosphorylation of tau protein by the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway leads to improved synaptic plasticity and reduced nerve fiber tangles. This comprehensive review explores recent findings on the therapeutic potential of sea cucumber bioactives in the treatment of brain-related disorders.

Kim Lauper, Denis Mongin, Delphine S Courvoisier et al.

Objectives We examined the evolution and influencing factors of women’s authorship in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in rheumatology.Methods We analysed all RCTs published in rheumatology from 2009 to 2023 determining authors’ gender using the Gender API service. The percentage of women as authors in published RCTs and its association with potential factors was assessed using generalised estimating equations. We considered women’s gender as the primary outcome and included the continent of the RCT, the status of international collaboration, industrial funding, intervention type, sample size, the journal’s adherence to International Committee of Medical Journal Editors recommendations, impact factor, publication year, authors’ non-academic affiliations and author positions as exposures of interest.Results We included 1092 RCTs with 10 794 authors; in the overall non-adjusted estimated analysis, we found that women accounted for 39.8% (95% CI 38.4% to 41.2%) of all authors. Women authorship was higher in African-based RCTs, among pharmaceutical-affiliated authors, and when the last author was a woman (OR 2.34 (95% CI 1.02 to 5.38), +19.46 pp). It was lower in Asian and European RCTs and industry-funded RCTs (OR 0.79 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.93), −5.85 pp). Women were less often last (OR 0.63 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.74), −10.2 pp) or second-to-last authors (OR 0.73 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.85), −10.19 pp), with no differences by international status or publication year.Conclusion The persistent under-representation of women in RCTs and their lower chances of being senior authors highlight the need for better strategies to close the gender gap. RCTs with a woman last author were more likely to have a woman first author, suggesting a potential role model effect.

Ivana Banić, Marija Jankić, Adrijana Miletić Gospić et al.

Despite regularly used treatment asthma in both children and adults is not fully controlled. This is more prominent in certain disease subtypes, such as obese asthma. The vast complexity of asthma phenotypes and often overlapping endotypes emphasizes the need for implementing the concept of precision medicine in disease management. In order to address these concerns, an innovative and personalized programme for reducing excessive and maintaining a healthy body weight will be developed by experts from pharmaceutical and food industry (Belupo Inc. and Podravka Inc., Croatia) as well as clinical experts (Srebrnjak Children`s Hospital, Croatia). The programme will involve meals replacement (standard and innovative formulas), dietary program and nutritional counseling, physical activity and other individually tailored measures according specific disease phenotypes and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms in each participant. The outcomes of this study should contribute to better control of the underlying condition, reduction of the frequency and severity of symptoms and, consequently, in the improvement of the participant's overall quality of life.

Farzana Khan Rony, Georgia Kimbell, Toby R. Serrano et al.

Three-dimensional printing is promising in the pharmaceutical industry for personalized medicine, on-demand production, tailored drug loading, etc. Pressure-assisted microsyringe (PAM) printing is popular due to its low cost, simple operation, and compatibility with heat-sensitive drugs but is limited by ink formulations lacking the essential characteristics, impacting their performance. This study evaluates inks based on sodium alginate (SA), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC H), and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K100 and K4) for PAM 3D printing by analyzing their rheology. The formulations included the model drug Fenofibrate, functional excipients (e.g., mannitol, polyethylene glycol, etc.), and water or water–ethanol mixtures. Pills and thin films as an oral dosage were printed using a 410 μm nozzle, a 10 mm/s speed, a 50% infill density, and a 60 kPa pressure. Among the various formulated inks, only the ink containing 0.8% SA achieved successful prints with the desired shape fidelity, linked to its rheological properties, which were assessed using flow, amplitude sweep, and thixotropy tests. This study concludes that (i) an ink’s rheological properties—viscosity, shear thinning, viscoelasticity, modulus, flow point, recovery, etc.—have to be considered to determine whether it will print well; (ii) printability is independent of the dosage form; and (iii) the optimal inks are viscoelastic solids with specific rheological traits. This research provides insights for developing polymer-based inks for effective PAM 3D printing in pharmaceuticals.

M. Ashfaq, Khujasta Nawaz Khan, M. Saif ur Rehman et al.

Elise Potters, Behzad Mosalla Nezhad, Viktor Huiskes et al.

The significance of last-mile logistics in the healthcare supply chain is growing steadily, especially in pharmacies where the growing prevalence of medication delivery to patients' homes is remarkable. This paper proposes a novel mathematical model for the last-mile logistics of the pharmaceutical supply chain and optimizes a pharmacy's logistical financial outcome while considering medication synchronization, different delivery modes, and temperature requirements of medicines. We propose a mathematical formulation of the problem using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) evolved from the actual problem of an outpatient pharmacy of a Dutch hospital. We create a case study by gathering, preparing, processing, and analyzing the associated data. We find the optimal solution, using Python MIP package and the Gurobi solver, which indicates the number of order batches, the composition of these batches, and the number of staff related to the preparation of the order batches. Our results show that our optimal solution increases the pharmacy's logistical financial outcome by 34 percent. Moreover, we propose other model variations and perform extensive scenario analysis to provide managerial insights applicable to other pharmacies and distributors in the last step of cold supply chains. Based on our scenario analysis, we conclude that improving medication synchronization can significantly enhance the pharmacy's logistical financial outcome.

Edafetanure-Ibeh Faith, Evah Patrick Tamarauefiye, Mark Uwuoruya Uyi

The aim of attending an educational institution is learning, which in turn is sought after for the reason of independence of thoughts, ideologies as well as physical and material independence. This physical and material independence is gotten from working in the industry, that is, being a part of the independent working population of the country. There needs to be a way by which students upon graduation can easily adapt to the real world with necessary skills and knowledge required. This problem has been a challenge in some computer science departments, which after effects known after the student begins to work in an industry. The objectives of this project include: Designing a web based chat application for the industry and computer science department, Develop a web based chat application for the industry and computer science and Evaluate the web based chat application for the industry and computer science department. Waterfall system development lifecycle is used in establishing a system project plan, because it gives an overall list of processes and sub-processes required in developing a system. The descriptive research method applied in this project is documentary analysis of previous articles. The result of the project is the design, software a web-based chat application that aids communication between the industry and the computer science department and the evaluation of the system. The application is able to store this information which can be decided to be used later. Awareness of the software to companies and universities, implementation of the suggestions made by the industry in the computer science curriculum, use of this software in universities across Nigeria and use of this not just in the computer science field but in other field of study

Leonhard Faubel, Klaus Schmid

As Machine Learning (ML) becomes more prevalent in Industry 4.0, there is a growing need to understand how systematic approaches to bringing ML into production can be practically implemented in industrial environments. Here, MLOps comes into play. MLOps refers to the processes, tools, and organizational structures used to develop, test, deploy, and manage ML models reliably and efficiently. However, there is currently a lack of information on the practical implementation of MLOps in industrial enterprises. To address this issue, we conducted a multiple case study on MLOps in three large companies with dedicated MLOps teams, using established tools and well-defined model deployment processes in the Industry 4.0 environment. This study describes four of the companies' Industry 4.0 scenarios and provides relevant insights into their implementation and the challenges they faced in numerous projects. Further, we discuss MLOps processes, procedures, technologies, as well as contextual variations among companies.

Tomislav Duricic, Peter Müllner, Nicole Weidinger et al.

Many industrial sectors rely on well-trained employees that are able to operate complex machinery. In this work, we demonstrate an AI-powered immersive assistance system that supports users in performing complex tasks in industrial environments. Specifically, our system leverages a VR environment that resembles a juice mixer setup. This digital twin of a physical setup simulates complex industrial machinery used to mix preparations or liquids (e.g., similar to the pharmaceutical industry) and includes various containers, sensors, pumps, and flow controllers. This setup demonstrates our system's capabilities in a controlled environment while acting as a proof-of-concept for broader industrial applications. The core components of our multimodal AI assistant are a large language model and a speech-to-text model that process a video and audio recording of an expert performing the task in a VR environment. The video and speech input extracted from the expert's video enables it to provide step-by-step guidance to support users in executing complex tasks. This demonstration showcases the potential of our AI-powered assistant to reduce cognitive load, increase productivity, and enhance safety in industrial environments.

Lizhen Liang, Han Zhuang, James Zou et al.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has seen fast paced development in industry and academia. However, striking recent advances by industry have stunned the field, inviting a fresh perspective on the role of academic research on this progress. Here, we characterize the impact and type of AI produced by both environments over the last 25 years and establish several patterns. We find that articles published by teams consisting exclusively of industry researchers tend to get greater attention, with a higher chance of being highly cited and citation-disruptive, and several times more likely to produce state-of-the-art models. In contrast, we find that exclusively academic teams publish the bulk of AI research and tend to produce higher novelty work, with single papers having several times higher likelihood of being unconventional and atypical. The respective impact-novelty advantages of industry and academia are robust to controls for subfield, team size, seniority, and prestige. We find that academic-industry collaborations produce the most impactful work overall but do not have the novelty level of academic teams. Together, our findings identify the unique and nearly irreplaceable contributions that both academia and industry make toward the progress of AI.

Zhengming Zhu, Tongrong Zhang, Zhihan Yang et al.

Abstract Amino acid transporters are promising targets for engineering acid‐tolerant strains of Lactococcus lactis. However, the simple overexpression of transporters alone is insufficient to achieve a highly acid‐resistant phenotype. This study investigated the effects of amino acid transporters on the acid‐stress tolerance of L. lactis. Here, we first verified the contribution of amino acid transporters to acid tolerance by overexpressing the ctrA, glnP, and glnQ genes in L. lactis. Transcriptome analysis revealed that most genes associated with specific amino acid transport, pyrimidine metabolism, and functional proteins, were upregulated in the overexpression strains. Among them, arginine biosynthesis (argG and argH), amino acid transport (yjeM and azlC), and pyrimidine metabolism were considered to be the most important regulatory mechanisms. Importantly, metabolite profiling revealed that the overexpression strains had higher intracellular levels of amino acids, particularly aspartate, glutamate, and arginine at low pH, as well as higher intracellular ATP levels, which was consistent with the corresponding gene‐expression levels. Finally, the simultaneous overexpression of glnP and glnQ led to a further improvement of acid tolerance in L. lactis. This study reveals the regulatory mechanisms of amino acid transporters, and provides a novel strategy for achieving higher acid tolerance via positive tandem expression approaches.

Duyen Thi Le Chau, Hiep Minh Phuoc, Canh Minh Nguyen et al.

This study “Corporate culture - external commitment values: the case study of DHG Joint Stock company on the Vietnam Stock Exchange” is an assessment of the culture of the organization through the values agreed in the annual report of enterprises in the pharmaceutical industry in Vietnam today - the case of DHG Joint Stock Company as a specific analysis to generalize Siehl and Martin’s (1989) theory of corporate culture, utilizing annual reports, and publicly transparent financial statements of the company. The research aims to introduce an alternative method, a different perspective on Vietnam through corporate commitments in the annual reports disclosed by these businesses. The study is conducted with the objective of evaluating corporate culture based on externally endorsed values concerning relevant stakeholders, which is crucial for public companies, especially in how they interact with their stakeholders. Research results showing that DHG focuses on committed values belonging to objects outside the organization such as economic allocation; customer; corporate social responsibility, this will create transparency and trust of many stakeholders other than employees such as customers, shareholders, investors, the communities and the government.

Abdel Moneim E. Sulieman, Emad M. Abdallah, Naimah Asid Alanazi et al.

Throughout history, spices have been employed for their pharmaceutical attributes and as a culinary enhancement. The food industry widely employs artificial preservatives to retard the deterioration induced by microbial proliferation, enzymatic processes, and oxidative reactions. Nevertheless, the utilization of these synthetic preservatives in food products has given rise to significant apprehension among consumers, primarily stemming from the potential health risks that they pose. These risks encompass a spectrum of adverse effects, including but not limited to gastrointestinal disorders, the disruption of gut microbiota, allergic reactions, respiratory complications, and concerns regarding their carcinogenic properties. Consequently, consumers are displaying an increasing reluctance to purchase preserved food items that contain such additives. Spices, known for their antimicrobial value, are investigated for their potential as food preservatives. The review assesses 25 spice types for their inherent antimicrobial properties and their applicability in inhibiting various foodborne microorganisms and suggests further future investigations regarding their use as possible natural food preservatives that could offer safer, more sustainable methods for extending shelf life. Future research should delve deeper into the use of natural antimicrobials, such as spices, to not only replace synthetic preservatives but also optimize their application in food safety and shelf-life extension. Moreover, there is a need for continuous innovation in encapsulation technologies for antimicrobial agents. Developing cost-effective and efficient methods, along with scaling up production processes, will be crucial to competing with traditional antimicrobial options in terms of both efficacy and affordability.

Muhammad Talha Afraz, Xindong Xu, Muhammad Adil et al.

The valorization of industrial fruit and vegetable waste has gained significant attention due to the environmental concerns and economic opportunities associated with its effective utilization. This review article comprehensively discusses the application of subcritical and supercritical fluid technologies in the valorization process, highlighting the potential benefits of these advanced extraction techniques for the recovery of bioactive compounds and unconventional oils from waste materials. Novel pressurized fluid extraction techniques offer significant advantages over conventional methods, enabling effective and sustainable processes that contribute to greener production in the global manufacturing sector. Recovered bio-extract compounds can be used to uplift the nutritional profile of other food products and determine their application in the food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. Valorization processes also play an important role in coping with the increasing demand for bioactive compounds and natural substitutes. Moreover, the integration of spent material in biorefinery and biorefining processes is also explored in terms of energy generation, such as biofuels or electricity, thus showcasing the potential for a circular economy approach in the management of waste streams. An economic evaluation is presented, detailing the cost analysis and potential barriers in the implementation of these valorization strategies. The article emphasizes the importance of fostering collaboration between academia, industry, and policymakers to enable the widespread adoption of these promising technologies. This, in turn, will contribute to a more sustainable and circular economy, maximizing the potential of fruit and vegetable waste as a source of valuable products.

Marcelo Eidi Nita, Bruno Riveros, Gabriel Ogata Pedro et al.

Introdução: Com a criação a quatro anos da CONITEC houve uma explosão de publicação de estudos de dados de vida real (DVR) no Brasil, considerando a crescente demanda da agência por evidências de vida real (EVR). No entanto, há pouca análise sobre o tipo de evidências sendo solicitadas e as alternativas de fontes de dados da vida real ou as soluções empregadas nas submissões para CONITEC. O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar os relatórios de avaliação de tecnologias em saúde (ATS) da CONITEC para identificar os padrões de EVR e as alternativas empregadas nas submissões para CONITEC de fontes de DVR. Material e métodos: Os relatórios da CONITEC, que são colocados em consulta pública pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS), no período de janeiro até setembro de 2015, foram revistos para informação de EVR e DVR. A totalidade de 37 relatórios deste período foi analisada nesta pesquisa. As variáveis analisadas incluíram: o tipo de tecnologia, a área terapêutica (AT), a fonte de demanda, a decisão final, e fontes de EVR e DVR. Resultados: No total, houve 33 demandas de inclusão e quatro de exclusão. As tecnologias mais frequentemente demandadas foram os medicamentos, 31 de um total de 37. As ATs incluíram doenças infecciosas (8), imunobiológicos (6), e câncer (4). Um total de 24 demandas foi oriundo de departamentos internas do MS. Entre as demandas externas, a maioria foi da indústria. O banco de dados do DATASUS (SUS) foi à fonte de DVR mais frequententemente citada nos relatórios finais (19), considerando que dados de epidemiologia, recursos usados e custos, e padrões de tratamento foram as EVR mais frequentemente citadas. Os custos das drogas foram frequentemente extraídos do Diário Oficial da União (17).  Os estudos observacionais foram citados em 12 relatórios, incluindo estudos de prontuários médicos ou entrevistas estruturadas. No entanto, foi observado um grande número de premissas ou estimativas oriundas de opinião de um especialista ou extraído da literatura internacional. Finalmente, dentre as várias demandas de EVR, os relatórios simplesmente, não citam nenhuma informação. Discussão: A CONITEC está demandando EVR em seus relatórios. As abordagens sendo utilizadas são muito variadas e cobrem inúmeras alternativas metodológicas. Desde métodos robustos, como estudos observacionais, bem como métodos de menor qualidade, como a opinião de especialistas. Uma nova preocupação que surge é como os DVR estão sendo coletadas e os ajustes estatísticos empregados nos relatórios. E não encontramos uma clara menção sobre estes tratamentos metodológicos para controle dos inúmeros vieses que estes projetos estão sujeitos. Conclusão: Está muito clara a crescente demanda da CONITEC por EVR. Nos casos que não há DVR, têm sido extensivamente utilizadas estimativas ou opinião de um especialista. Há uma clara necessidade de uma diretriz metodológica que padronize estes estudos, elevando a qualidade do nível de evidências dos DVR nas ATS da CONITEC. 

Deepak A. Yaraguppi, Zabin K. Bagewadi, Ninganagouda R. Patil et al.

This comprehensive review examines iturin, a cyclic lipopeptide originating from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and related bacteria. These compounds are structurally diverse and possess potent inhibitory effects against plant disease-causing bacteria and fungi. Notably, Iturin A exhibits strong antifungal properties and low toxicity, making it valuable for bio-pesticides and mycosis treatment. Emerging research reveals additional capabilities, including anticancer and hemolytic features. Iturin finds applications across industries. In food, iturin as a biosurfactant serves beyond surface tension reduction, enhancing emulsions and texture. Biosurfactants are significant in soil remediation, agriculture, wound healing, and sustainability. They also show promise in Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR) in the petroleum industry. The pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries recognize iturin’s diverse properties, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, and anti-obesity effects. Cosmetic applications span emulsification, anti-wrinkle, and antibacterial use. Understanding iturin’s structure, synthesis, and applications gains importance as biosurfactant and lipopeptide research advances. This review focuses on emphasizing iturin’s structural characteristics, production methods, biological effects, and applications across industries. It probes iturin’s antibacterial, antifungal potential, antiviral efficacy, and cancer treatment capabilities. It explores diverse applications in food, petroleum, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, considering recent developments, challenges, and prospects.