The state of knowledge production and circulation – or what is framed as “relevant” knowledge within academic cultures of learning and teaching – is intimately tied to the global concept of what is “marketable”. Closely associated with this are opportunities for teaching and research funding, graduate scholarship awards, the employment of research and teaching staff and curriculum design. In Asia, the corporatisation of universities and their departments intensified in the 1990s and early 2000s. This stemmed from a complex interplay of historical and structural conditions and pressures, including the colonial legacy of cultural, intellectual and economic dependency. In this paper, the author argues that what is necessary in these contexts in Asia, in line with the call for what are now broadly termed “alternative discourses” from scholars such as Syed Farid Alatas and Vineeta Sinha, is the teaching of a social science tradition created and expanded by scholars who are guided by the selection of problems and relevance from within. In broad contours, alternative discourses refer to the theorising and conceptualisation of social science in Asia and elsewhere that emerged from dissatisfaction with mainstream Euro-American-oriented models, research agendas and priorities. More specifically, the article interrogates the focus on teaching and pedagogy, which has, among other things, resulted in a displacement of attention from issues that should be of crucial consideration to Asian societies.
History of Asia, Unlocalized maps (Asian studies only)
Gairaigo, or loanwords borrowed from foreign languages, have become a ubiquitous feature of the Japanese language, with English being the most significant influence. The use of English loanwords in Japanese advertising has become increasingly common, with many commercials and other promotional materials incorporating gairaigo in their messaging. This study aims to explore the prevalence and significance of gairaigo derived from English in Japanese advertising, examining its benefits and drawbacks, and its global implications. This study utilized qualitative approach. The method used was descriptive method. Data collection technique through literature study. Data obtained online through various academic database, a total of 19 books and 26 scientific articles, and be analysed using descriptive analyse technique. This study found important benefits of gairaigo in Japanese advertising, that are: increase product appeal to younger generations, more effective communication with international audiences, and enhanced global image of Japanese brands. However, there are also drawbacks, that are: limited accessibility for non-English speakers, potential language erosion and loss of cultural identity, and negative impact on traditional Japanese businesses. Furthermore, the global implications of gairaigo in Japanese advertising are also significant, with the influence of Japanese advertising on global marketing trends and cultural exchange and cross-linguistic communication. Overall, while the use of gairaigo in Japanese advertising can bring numerous benefits, it is important to carefully consider its potential drawbacks and cultural implications for both domestic and global audiences. By understanding the impact of gairaigo on Japanese advertising, we can gain a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between language, culture, and marketing in a global context. Further research is needed to continue exploring the impact and implications of gairaigo in Japanese advertising. Further research is needed to continue exploring the impact and implications of gairaigo in Japanese advertising.
This study aims to describe the nahwu epistemology of Imam Sibawaih, Ibn Madha, and William Wright. Different views on these principles will have an impact on differences in understanding and views in ilm al-Nahwi. The method used in this research is to use a qualitative method by describing the nahwu epistemology of Imam Sibawaih, Ibn Madha, and William Wright. For data retrieval and collection, the author uses library research because the data sources are reference books, and articles from online libraries, and online journals related to the theme of the article. The results of this study, Sibawaih in formulating the rules of nahwu used all the epistemological methods of nahwu (ushul al-nahwi), while Ibn Madha rejected the methods of qiyas and ta'lil. Nor does Wright use the method of qiyas and ta'lil in compiling his monumental work on nahwu which is popular among orientalists.
Education (General), Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
The purpose of this study is to investigate; (1) the method of using storytelling to learn Arabic vocabulary, (2) the emotional state of students when using storytelling to learn, and (3) the impact of storytelling on boosting students' Arabic vocabulary. This study uses Mixed Method Research. Students from the al-Imam Islamic boarding school Metro Kibang East Lampung, a total of 40 students, participated in the study. Observation and testing are the methods used to obtain data. The method of observation was employed to obtain data on the process of using storytelling to acquire the Arabic language vocabulary. The test was conducted to collect information regarding the level of knowledge of Arabic vocabulary before and after using the storytelling. Data was analyzed in two ways. First, qualitative analysis. Second, quantitative analysis was carried out with prerequisite tests and t-tests. The study's findings show that (1) the use of storytelling to learn Arabic stimulates teachers' creativity in developing interesting learning strategies, makes Arabic learning easier, and increases positive emotions, (2) the use of storytelling to learn Arabic has increased children's positive emotions in learning, such as creating enthusiastic and happy behavior in following a series of learning processes, and (3) the use of storytelling to learn Arabic has a significant effect on mastery of Arabic vocabulary. Learning Arabic is easier with the use of storytelling in the form of intriguing and enjoyable stories that are relevant to children's development.
Language and Literature, Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
Prior work has suggested that proto-Rma was a non-tonal language and that tonal varieties underwent tonogenesis (Liú 1998, Evans 2001a-b). This paper re-examines the different arguments for the tonogenesis hypothesis and puts forward subgroup-internal and subgroup-external evidence for an alternative scenario in which tone, or its phonetic precursors, was present at the stage of proto-Rma. The subgroup-internal evidence comes from regular correspondences between tonal varieties. These data allow us to put forward a working hypothesis that proto-Rma had a two-way tonal contrast. Furthermore, existing accounts of how tonogenesis occurred in the tonal varieties are shown to be problematic. The subgroup-external evidence comes from regular tonal correspondences to two closely related tonal Trans-Himalayan subgroups: Prinmi, a modern language, and Tangut, a mediaeval language attested by written records from the 11th – 16th century. Regular correspondences among the tonal categories of these three subgroups, combined with the Rma-internal evidence allow us to more confidently reconstruct tone for proto-Rma.
Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
Flood-hit in Jakarta had attracted a netizens’ response, both supporting and unsupportive. The aims are: (1) To determine an expressive speech acts’s form against flood events (2) To describe the field of expression in netizent's expressive speech acts. This research is descriptive qualitative. The research data are in the form of sentences regarding expressive speech acts and the field of expression. Data sources include 92 netizens' utterances on Instagram. Data collection techniques use reading and note-taking techniques. The analysis method used is the distribution method by dividing the elements directly followed by using the pragmatic matching method. The results of the study, first: Netizen expressive speech acts towards flood events in the form of (a) Expressive praying (b) Expressive scolding (c) Expressive disappointment (d) Expressive criticism (e) Expressive complaining (d) Expressive self-reflection. Second, the field of expression in netizent's expressive speech act is (a) expression of faith (b) expression of conflict (c) expression of therapy (d) expression of reflection.
Kata kunci: Expression Field, Expression Actions, Netizents’ Comment, Floods in Jakarta
Theory and practice of education, Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
The "Santānagopāla" as a Narrative Opening up Intimate Spaces: Lakṣmī Tampurāṭṭi and Her Poem
During my fieldwork in Kerala in 2014 and 2015, made possible by the financial support of the National Science Centre in Poland, I was able to collect several manuscripts by women authors as well as some very rare printed editions of their works.
From the collected sources I have decided to choose a poem based on the Santānagopāla theme, a story about a pious Brahmin and his wife losing one child after another. It recurs in the oeuvre of at least three women writers living at the turn of 19th and 20th centuries. We know very little about the lives of the authoresses but the selection of such a theme perhaps was not fortuitous and we will be able to notice their womanly sensitivity in its treatment or scenes from their own lives and gather more information about the authors themselves.
In the present paper I will concentrate on the Santānagopāla poem written by Lakṣmī Tampurāṭṭi (1845–1909).
Indo-Iranian languages and literature, Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
The author analyzes the shape and function of the verb temiru and structure modification studies. The purpose of this study is to describe the shape and function of temiru verb in the sentence contained in the work of Banana Yoshimoto kitchin novel and novel Totto - chan Tetsuko Kuroyanagi work through the study of form and function. In this paper the author uses descriptive analysis method according to the theory Sudaryanto. According to research methods of descriptive analysis is done solely based on facts or phenomena that are empirically still used by native speakers so it can be described as is. For data analysis the authors use the method agih, namely the basic techniques Element For Direct ( BUL ). To analyze the data, the author uses the theory Yuriko Sunagawa et al. Based on this theory can be found in general function temiru verb meaning to try .
The specialised lexicographic treatment of oenology and viticulture usually consists in the compiling of articles describing the language of wine in general language dictionaries, or presenting professional knowledge of wine in specialised multi-field dictionaries and encyclopedias. This treatment also encompasses the terminological compilation of single field dictionaries describing the language and/or knowledge of wine. Lexicographically speaking, all this is but a fraction of the complete picture. Indeed, the specialised lexicography of oenology and viticulture is multifaceted and goes far beyond the above-mentioned types of articles and dictionaries. It includes a broad range of both online and printed lexicographically structured information tools, such as wine guides, atlases, companions, oenological websites, and mobile applications. In line with this growing interest for lexicographically structured information tools on oenology, wine making, and wine tasting, this article argues for an expansion of lexicography dealing with wine: It explains how a new lexicographic information tool, in this case OENOLEX Burgundy, a French monolingual online wine dictionary commissioned by the Burgundian wine industry, offers various functions and usage modes to its users, including access to multimodal data, and how it differs from a comparable South African online wine dictionary commissioned by the South African wine industry. In line with the findings of this comparative study, lexicographic proposals are subsequently formulated. The first proposal is that such online wine industry dictionaries should be developed in accordance with specific user situations and needs, and make use of a monofunctional design and an adaptive user interface. The second proposal is that such online wine industry dictionaries should not stand alone, as they could benefit from a full integration with the websites of the wine industry, and consequently transform into genuine lexicographic information tools.
Philology. Linguistics, Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
Music activities can be used to develop and enhance young learners’ listening abilities. Listening is a language skill which is a prerequisite for the development of other language skills and especially for the development of a person’s speaking abilities. It is also a prerequisite for the development of a person’s language abilities in a second language. In a research project involving a group of 70 English first additional language learners, two Grade 1 classes were selected. One class was the experimental group and the other class was the comparison group. Over a period of six months the experimental group received planned music activities daily. When the two groups were retested after six months, significant differences in the means between the experimental and the control groups were found. The experimental group significantly improved their listening skills in English as a second language (ESL). This has implications for teaching ESL learners in the Foundation Phase.
Language and Literature, African languages and literature
The trial (within a trial) of Eugene Terre'Blanche (hereon referred to as the ET Trial) in a high court,
which took place in Ventersdorp in January and February 2010 sparked intense interest in South Africa
and abroad, and raised critical questions about issues of (i) language rights, (ii) communicative
competence of law enforcement agencies, particularly the police, and (iii) the asymmetries in the police
interaction with the accused persons. Apart from communicating the rights of the accused persons in a
language that s/he understands, the police officers are entrusted with additional responsibilities which
include, among others, being a channel or conduit that encodes and decodes information within
milliseconds in an attempt to reconstruct an accused person’s narrative into formal evidence for purposes
of court proceedings. This reality is further substantiated by Komter (2002/2003:202) who suggests that,
"[...] police officers should record the fact that they informed the suspect about his right to silence and
[...] that they record the suspect’s statement as much as possible in his own words". Against this
backdrop, it is also worth stating that the South African multilingual setting is confronted by serious
complexities, especially in cases where the accused is a speaker of an African language who can only
rely on interpreting/translation services in order to follow the legal discourse, whereas languages of
record are still solely in English and Afrikaans. Based on an examination and analysis of the judgement
of the ET trial within a trial, this study finds that, despite the dawn of democracy, the South African
Criminal Justice System is still confronted by linguistic and cultural challenges. Central to these
challenges is the potential for miscarriages of justice. Furthermore, the main principles of Critical
Sociolinguistic Analysis (CSA) employed in this study have uncovered the fact that power imbalances
in the criminal justice system do not necessarily originate through legislation but through situated
processes and practices (Eades 2010). As Fairclough appropriately argues, there is a need not just to
examine the power in the discourse but also the power behind the discourse (1989).
Jasper De Kind, Gilles-Maurice de Schryver, Koen Bostoen
In this article, the oldest Bantu dictionary hitherto known is explored, that is the Vocabularium Latinum, Hispanicum, e Congense, handed down to us through a manuscript from 1652 by the Flemish Capuchin Joris van Gheel, missionary in the Kongo (present-day north-western Angola and the southern part of the Lower Congo Province of the DRC). The manuscript was heavily reworked by the Belgian Jesuits Joseph van Wing and Constant Penders, and published in 1928. Both works are currently being digitized, linked and added to an interlingual and multimedia database that revolves around Kikongo and the early history of the Kongo kingdom. In Sections 1 and 2 the origins of Bantu lexicography in general and of Kikongo metalexicography in particular are revisited. Sections 3 and 4 are devoted to a study of Van Gheel's manuscript and an analysis of Van Wing and Penders' rework. In Sections 5 and 6 translation equivalence and lexicographical structure in both dictionaries are scrutinized and compared. In Section 7, finally, all the material is brought together.
Philology. Linguistics, Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
The article identifies salient features of Van de Ruit’s novels “Spud: a wickedly funny novel” (2005) and “Spud – the madness continues” (2007) and compares them with the corresponding motifs commonly found in historical British boys’ school stories, tracing shifts in discourse to establish the novels’ construction of a South African boyhood. The article argues that through his conscious subversion of the imperial model’s defining discourses, Van de Ruit’s fictional representation of Spud’s school experience portrays the previously accepted “ideal” construction of boyhood, with its unmistakably defined principles and uncontested ethical code, as fundamentally challenged by the variety of alternative discourses to which the modern protagonist is exposed. The resultant construction of Spud’s South African boyhood is, therefore, characterised by the protagonist’s constant struggle to assimilate the frequently incongruous and bewildering discourses (about moral courage and personal integrity, in particular) that compete for his attention. The pivotal component of this particular construction of boyhood may be argued not to be a strict adherence to a clearly defined schoolboy ethic, but as a variable that is ultimately dependent on the boy’s choices.
Increasing evidence from corpus, discourse and genre analysis has indicated that there is significant variation between disciplines in the way that they structure their discourses, in particular their written genres. Therefore, discipline-specific approaches in language teaching have gained much support in recent years. However, few studies have thus far given a systematic account of relationships between disciplinary purposes and writing conventions, or have used such information as input for course design. This article analyses the purposes of historical writing, and relates these to the salient concepts, genres and modes found in historical discourse.
In particular, the discursive and lexicogrammatical choices that are available to the historian for the construal of time, cause and effect, and judgement or evaluation are explored. One particular aspect of evaluation, viz. engagement, is teased out in more detail to demonstrate the pedagogical value of corpus-based genre analysis. The findings underscore the assumption that disciplinary purposes shape texts in a discipline, and show that there is a clear relationship between the main purposes of a subject-field and its writing conventions – at least as far as History is concerned. A genre-based syllabus for a writing course aimed at second-year students of history is subsequently proposed, and a preview is given of the follow-up research that is envisaged to evaluate the effect of the intervention as well as to compare it with the effect of a generic intervention.
Language and Literature, African languages and literature