Integrating sustainability into entrepreneurship education is becoming increasingly prevalent. Nonetheless, there has been limited empirical research on how higher education institutions (HEIs) operationalize this approach in the context of industry collaboration. Further, existing frameworks overlook the dynamics of tension, as demonstrated by prior research. This study explores how HEIs and industry partners jointly develop and sustain entrepreneurship programs focused on sustainability. The study outlines a process model consisting of four stages: Sustainability Foundation, Synergy Hub and Pedagogy, Strategic Partnerships, and Enduring Ecosystems. According to the model, HEI-industry collaboration requires specific elements arranged in an appropriate sequence, with active tension management at each stage. In this sense, this study provides theoretical understandings that offer a dynamic, processual framework that integrates sustainability principles into entrepreneurship education. This study provides practical guidance for HEIs and industry partners on developing a sustainable entrepreneurship program through a staged, adaptive collaboration.
Bogusław Wacławik, Joanna Popławska, Arkadiusz Sułek
et al.
ESG reporting is a key process through which companies provide detailed information regarding their impact on the environment (E), society (S) and corporate governance (G). The aim of the article is to present the authors' research results on the reporting of environmental information in the field of ESG among companies from the energy sector and the defence industry, represented by the example of PIT-RADWAR, listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in 2022-2023. The methodology was based on a review of the literature on the subject, legal acts and own research, which used non-financial reports of listed companies regarding ESG information. According to the authors, the article adds value to the literature on the subject, in particular in terms of gathering source material and discussing it. Considering the growing importance of ESG factors in the defence sector, the article also highlights the emerging trend of ESG reporting in this industry using the example of PIT-RADWAR S.A., emphasising its growing importance and the sector's first steps towards increasing the transparency of non-financial reporting. The subject matter of the article can form the basis for further detailed empirical research on ESG reporting.
Abdessamad Ettouil, Asmaa Oubihi, Hamada Imtara
et al.
The extraction of gum from natural raw materials is of increasing importance in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, particularly due to their emulsifying properties and potential applications as stabilizers and thickeners. This study presents an insight on the influence of changing parameters like reagents and operating condition on yield and some properties of the flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seed gum. The extraction conditions were meticulously examined using a full factorial design, highlighting the significant impact of pretreatment, seed preparation, and solvent selection on the extraction yield. A response surface methodology (RSM) was then applied to optimize the water/benzoic acid ratio of the pretreatment step, the ethyl alcohol/water ratio, and the medium pH of the extraction method, resulting in a maximum yield of 14.47%. Furthermore, detailed analyses of the chemical and emulsifying properties of the gum were conducted showing emulsifying capacities over 94%, offering promising application prospects, particularly in the food industry.
ObjectiveTo propose a method for modifying the existed isotherm model based on molecular thermodynamics.MethodsThe phantom model in polymer physics field was borrowed to predict the chemical potential of water from swelling effect. Isothermal adsorption and desorption of wheat flour measured using a dynamic vapor sorption system at 20，30，40 ℃ were used as a case to verify our improving approach after analyzing the reasonability of best fitted parameter values.ResultsThe modified model can describe the adsorption and desorption of wheat flour very well, give reasonable parameter values, and predict logically the variation of bound water and adsorbed water contents with water activity and the contributions of mixing, swelling and adsorption effects to the chemical potential of water.ConclusionOur approach for modifying the molecular thermodynamic isotherm model is effective and reasonable.
O presente trabalho objetiva abordar os cenários e riscos inerentes à segurança pública e à inteligência artificial, assim como iniciativas para controlá-los. Para tanto, elegemos como objetivos específicos: (i) demarcar as relações entre sociedade do conhecimento e sociedade da vigilância; (ii) as reações institucionais e políticas à sociedade de vigilância; (iii) propor premissas viabilizadoras de politicas de segurança pública democráticas para o uso de novas tecnologias com o uso de IA no âmbito da segurança pública. Pretendemos utilizar neste trabalho o método dedutivo, testando nossas hipóteses com os fundamentos que passam a ser declinados. Utilizaremos para tanto técnica de pesquisa com documentação indireta, nomeadamente bibliográfica.
Public law, Regulation of industry, trade, and commerce. Occupational law
Per Fors, Thomas Taro Lennerfors, Jonathan Woodward
This paper aims to outline an approach for case-based chemistry and chemical engineering education for sustainability. Education for Sustainability is assumed to offer a holistic approach to equip students with the knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes needed to contribute to a more sustainable society in their future careers. While Case-Based Education traditionally focuses on disciplinary learning in simulated settings, it can also effectively teach essential sustainability-related skills like integrated problem-solving, critical thinking, and systems thinking. The approach we propose is “case hacking”, which should be understood as utilizing existing business cases while incorporating supplementary resources to align the assignment with intended learning objectives. This expansion of the cases involves, among other things, introducing additional questions and assignments, perspectives from stakeholders previously unexplored in the original case, and the integration of recent research articles from relevant fields. We advocate for the use of case hacking when educators want to harness the educational benefits of Case-Based Education while emphasizing the complexity of sustainability-related challenges faced by industrial companies today. As an illustrative example, we demonstrate the process of hacking a case related to Green Chemistry in the pharmaceutical industry, highlighting specific challenges for chemistry and chemical engineering education. We hope this example will inspire educators in these disciplinary contexts to engage with the case hacking approach as they navigate the complex terrain of sustainability.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the Internet as a soft infrastructure medium in the framework of international trade facilitation. as part of international trade facilitation which is expected to be able to reduce barriers in Indonesia's trade with 18 trading partners in the export of creative industry goods by HS codes: 49, 91, 92, 95 and 97. The analysis method used is a quantitative approach with panel data regression using a gravity model based on time series data with cross sections of 18 trading partners from 2008 to 2017. The results of the analysis show that the internet subscription price variable has a significant effect on increasing international trade. Other variables such as GDP, population, and distance have a significant positive or negative effect on international trade, while FTA does not have any effect on exports of creative industry goods.
Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between mood states and competitive state anxiety and perceived performance in Asian male baseball players from universities in choking under pressure situations during a game. An additional aim was to identify the mediating effect of competitive state anxiety on such relationships. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 209 male baseball players from universities who wanted to enter a professional league. The mean age of study subjects was 20.25 years. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping analyses were used to test hypotheses and analyze the mediation effect. Results: First, among mood states, higher confusion and higher tension predicted higher competitive state anxiety. Second, mood states had no significant influence on perceived performance. Third, higher competitive state anxiety predicted lower perceived performance. Lastly, competitive state anxiety had a complete mediating effect on the relationship between mood states and perceived performance. Conclusions: To help athletes perform to the best of their ability, psychological interventions should be provided with a greater focus on reducing competitive state anxiety during a game. And we believe that an intervention program with a greater focus on competitive state anxiety can provide a more realistic and effective assistance scheme which will prevent a sudden decrement in performance.
Aghil Asadi, Mohsen Najafi, Hossien Bouhnedi
et al.
Hypothesis: The volume of studies conducted on biopolymeric materials emphasizes the high-consumption of polymers in biomaterial fields, especially in cosmetics industry which must be resistant to different kinds of microorganisms and bacteria. Polymers in this category include acrylate polymers, which are generally made by precipitation polymerization. Carbopol is a brand of acrylic polymer, based on poly(acrylic acid). This polymer is highly used as thickening and gelling agents for its rheological features. By chemically induced antimicrobial agents into the carbopol structure, microgels of inherently antimicrobial properties are obtained with effective applications in personal and public health applications, including combating and controlling corona epidemics (Covid 19). Methods: In this study, it has been tried to improve the antibacterial nature of Carbopol by its bonding and surface modification with different amounts of cationic monomer acryloyl oxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (A.Etac). In this work, for the first time, we attempted to modify the surface of carbopol by ultrasound. We also studied the swelling rate of the sample before and after surface modification in aqueous, alcoholic and salt solutions. Infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-Ray analysis (SEM-EDX), antibacterial, rheometry and swelling tests were used to evaluate the chemical surface modification of Carbopol microparticles to achieve the stated goals. Antibacterial properties of the samples were evaluated by gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) and gram-positive bacteria (S. aureu) by plate count agar method. Findings: Experimental results showed that the modified carbopol was significantly resistant to the bacteria. It should be noted that the samples showed more resistance to gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative bacteria. The results of rheological analysis also showed that the gel strength significantly increased after surface chemical modification. In addition, modified samples showed higher swelling in water and biological media (0.9% brine)
he world has experienced devastating disasters causing severe human life and economic losses, which is estimated to be 68.5% of the global economic losses between 2005 and 2017. Natural disasters are of great concern – they caused total damage of approximately $3.5 trillion during the past century – which is more than the global infrastructure development investment in 2014. Floods – exacerbated by climate change – are expected to cause more damages, and water supply infrastructures will continue to suffer if resilience is not improved. Measuring the economic changes affecting resilience would assist in developing risk reduction initiatives to minimise disaster losses. Such a measure is lacking for Tanzania water supply systems (WSSs). The current article applied three-stage processes – literature review, pre-assessment and Delphi technique – to develop a resilience tool to measure economic resilience for urban WSSs in Tanzania. Thematic and standard descriptive analyses were carried out during the study. Dynamism principle and three indicators – system investment proportionality, public–private partnership and cost recovery – emerged as principal components for the tool. The tool is expected to be useful during water authorities’ planning processes and budgeting in order to improve the overall WSSs resilience.
To contribute to the debates on the implications, actors and geopolitical levers of tourism, this article particularly examines religious tourism. For this reason, it is based on the first results of a research in urban geography on the role of the religious tourism industry in the realignment of the Israeli-Palestinian space and as a geopolitical lever for the positioning of Israel and of the Palestinian Territories on the international scene. It responds to this by looking at the places that contribute to producing this form of tourism; and the physical flows and symbolic movements of which these places are the objectives. On this territory where the touristic attraction continues despite the continuous violence, three types of sites have been identified: pilgrimage sites, alternative sites, and religious theme parks. This article will show how these sites, which will be collected under the term “places of mobility”, are linked and how they produce what we will refer to as “mobility of places”.
Ana Toni Roby Candra Yudha, Nasif Sidquee Pauzi, Rafidah binti Mohd Azli
Halal industry has become a new commodity that is favoured by all countries around the world, including Indonesia. The main challenge of halal industry development is strengthening its position as a producer in the global halal industry market. This study aims to investigate the number of policy proposals relating to strengthening the productivity of the halal industry in Indonesia and then develop a model of synergy over this matter. This study uses a qualitative study approach, with literature review, observation and interview as data collection methods. The results obtained from this study include several things, specifically; the focus of economic development in Indonesia is fundamentally still focused on the processed industry, which incidentally is dominated by imported raw materials. Based on the results of the analysis of the discussion, the implications of these studies is providing input for authorities such as BPJH, MUI and related ministries to adjust the regulation that address the main business challenge of halal industry. Besides, the government should give special authority to state-owned and private sharia banks to finance the halal industries and agricultural to support their sustainable development.
Introduction. The use of the thermal power station’s (TPS) waste in the construction industry becomes the norm in world practice of recent decades. Basically, the researches use ash and slag in the construction of automobile roads as a material for filling the subgrade or in the form of a cement-bound material in industrial and civil construction as a material for planning work, when filling inconveniences and quarries. However, the potential of the ash and slag’s usage is much wider. Coarse-grained slag deposits that form in the zone of slag erosion have a greater potential for application than other ash and slag mixtures, however, these mixtures have been less studied by both domestic and foreign researchers. The paper discusses the use of the boiler slag formed at power plants with boilers involving liquid slag removal for the construction of road pavement bases with the position of its mechanical properties.Materials and methods. The author studied samples of boiler slag from Novosibirsk TPS-2, operating (Kuznetsk coal basin) and Novosibirsk TPS-3 (Kansko-Achinsk coal basin). Moreover, the author determined the crushing losses of individual fractions of the investigated materials in a dry and water-saturated state. The author determined the modulus of deformation of boiler slag.Results. The researcher found the difference in mechanical strength of the different genesis material. The crushing values of the investigated materials are determined.The author estimated the graphs obtained during testing and calculated the deformability characteristics of the material.Discussion and conclusions. The author determines possible directions of the studied materials’ usage in the road construction.The author has read and approved the final manuscript. Financial transparency: the author has no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.
Noha M. F. Hassan, Tarek K. Farag, Nadia M. T. Abu El Ezz
et al.
Abstract Background Gastrointestinal parasitic diseases remain an obstacle in goat industry in Egypt and worldwide. This study was conducted for assessing the prevalence of the gastrointestinal parasitic infections among goats in Giza Governorate, Egypt. To fulfill this study, examination of 225 fecal samples of live animals kept by small holders was done, as well as postmortem investigation of 135 random slaughtered goats’ gastrointestinal tracts was achieved during the period from March to May 2018. Results The examination of fecal samples revealed that overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections among goats was 89.33%. The respective prevalence of kids, yearling, and adults were 89.16%, 98.44%, and 82.05%. The common parasitic infections prevalent were Coccidia spp. (76.89%), Entamoeba spp. (26.22%), Moniezia spp. (18.22%), Strongyle group (12.88%), Trichuris ovis (5.33%), Strongyloides papillosus (3.55%), Balantidium coli (2.66%), and Fasciola spp. (0.89%), successively. Mixed infection was recorded as 61.77% in the examined goats. The present study showed that the prevalence of infection by Coccidia spp., Moniezia spp., and Strongyle group was the highest in the yearling age group. In contrary, the infection prevalence of Entamoeba spp. was significantly high in the adult age group. No significant difference was found relying on the sex of the goats. The post-slaughtering finding showed that Haemonchus contortus was the most prevalent nematode followed by Trichuris ovis and Trichostrongylus axei. Remarkable infection percentage of Taenia hydatigena metacestode (Cysticercus tenuicolli) is recorded in the omentum of the intestine (31.85%). Conclusions The present study provides basic data about the most prevalent GIP diseases among goats in Giza Governorate, Egypt, which required for evaluation of the followed management and control measures. This work elicited the risk of transmission of some zoonotic diseases via goats. Fecal examination and postmortem finding-based surveys remain of choice particularly in the deprived investigating areas.
The Jeribe–Kirkuk reservoir is one of the major pay zones in the Halfaya Oilfield, Iraq, and its overlying 500 m thick Lower Fars anhydrite salt layer with a formation pressure coefficient of 2.25 acts as the caprock sealing. That's just why the first Jeribe–Kirkuk directional well experienced multiple drill pipe stickings and two side trackings, and the first horizontal well had to be completed with casing ahead of the schedule. Obviously, the drilling in the Lower Fars high-pressure anhydrite salt layer is faced with severe challenges. In this paper, the Lower Fars anhydrite salt layer was analyzed from the aspects of mechanical property, pore pressure, ground stress and rock mineral characteristics. Then, a mathematical model and criterion rules were established for borehole stability and wellbore deformation in the Lower Fars formations with different lithologies and the wellbore deformation in the process of well drilling was simulated. Finally, the high-density saturated salt water drilling fluid was specially developed for directional drilling in anhydrite salt layers, and the well trajectory and drilling program of directional wells were optimized. The following results were obtained. First, the most unstable zone in the Lower Fars anhydrite salt layer is composed of mudstones. As to the main reason for drill pipe sticking, the increase of rheological property after mudstone hydration leads to tight holes, so the neighboring anhydrites and salt rocks are pulled to collapse, which ultimately results in drill pipe sticking. Second, borehole deformation and instability in the Lower Fars layer intensify with the increase of inclination angle and wellbore opening time, and the risk of borehole instability increases sharply with the increase of wellbore opening time. Third, polyamine inhibitor BZ-HIB and polymer thinner JNJ are selected to optimize the formula of the high-density saturated salt drilling fluid, thus making its inhibition and rheology during the drilling in anhydrite salt layer improved effectively. Fourth, the kick off point of the Jeribe–Kirkuk directional well is moved upward to Upper Fars from Lower Fars. Specifically, the buildup section is in Upper Fars, the angle holding section is in Lower Fars, and the inclination angle and directional section length in Lower Fars are decreased, so the risk of drill pipe sticking is reduced. So far, it has been practically applied to 22 wells, showing that the drilling complexities in Ø311.2 mm hole have been effectively controlled. In 2016, the average drilling cycle was 35.8 days, 52.8% shorter than that in 2015, and the average ROP was increased by 122% from 3.3 m/h to 7.33 m/h. In conclusion, technological optimization has achieved good application results. Keywords: Halfaya oilfield, Iraq, High-pressure anhydrite salt layer, Wellbore deformation, Drill pipe sticking, Directional drilling, High-density saturated salt drilling fluid, Well trajectory
Gediminas Bačkys, Renata Černeckienė, Birutė Dalmantienė
The adoption of energy efficiency measures is shifting the building installation industry towards green technologies, such as smart metering and home automation, bringing significant changes on workplace requirements and training. Electricians, apart from technical proficiency, require a combination of digital and environmental skills to respond to the installation, maintenance, and programming of smart metering and energy efficiency home automation systems. Although the adoption of energy measures for building installation is promoted under national and EU initiatives, the provision of relevant vocational education and training (VET) is insufficient in quality and quantity, fragmented and infrequent, not adequately addressing the needs of the sector. There is, thus, a clear challenge to increase the quality of VET provision for electricians to match their competences and skills with smart metering and home automation needs of a fast-changing market and to promote employability within the sector.
The aim of the research - to analyse the opinion of employers of the energy sector in different European countries on the need for the employees‘ competence in smart metering and home automation.
Respondents in different European countries have been fairly ambiguous about the importance of employees‘ competences in implementing smart metering technologies and home automation systems. This could be influenced by the different experiences of the countries and the level of implementation of smart metering.
The results of the research show that knowledge of the network infrastructure and a wide range of smart devices including Internet systems, the impact of smart meters and home automation systems on the environment are among the key knowledge and competences of the EU labor market in the field of smart measurement and home automation. The most desired technical skills of employees are related to the implementation of smart devices and automatic systems in new buildings and the modification of housing automation technologies in the existing buildings, the technical skills of incorporating smart metering technologies into automated housing infrastructure. Sufficiently important respondents consider skills such as customer consultation about the right choice of automation systems, the use of systems and their environmental and economic impacts, and a deeper knowledge of home automation systems and smart devices.
Having summarized the results of the research, the working group of Electrical and Electronics Study lecturers of Panevezys University of Applied Science together with partners from the SMARTEL project, suggested a solution to the problem: to create an open virtual training course on smart metering and home automation systems employed electricians and vocational training providers.
After defining the outcomes the training course on smart metering and home automation based on survey results from five European countries, European employers and vocational training providers are offered an open training course "Smart Metering and Home Automation Skills for Electricians", consisting of 6 parts: building engineering systems automation, energy management, intelligent control systems networks, sensors, intelligent device programming and installation, programming of user interface for automated devices.
Electrical machines are important devices that convert electric energy into mechanical work and are widely used in industry and people’s life. Undesired vibrations are harmful to their safe operation. Reviews from the viewpoint of fault diagnosis have been conducted, while summaries from the perspective of dynamics is rare. This review provides systematic research outlines of this field, which can help a majority of scholars grasp the ongoing progress and conduct further investigations. This review mainly generalizes publications in the past decades about the dynamics and vibration of electrical machines. First the sources of electromagnetic vibration in electrical machines are presented, which include mechanical and electromagnetic factors. Different types of air gap eccentricity are introduced and modeled. The analytical methods and numerical methods for calculating the electromagnetic force are summarized and explained in detail. The exact subdomain analysis, magnetic equivalent circuit, Maxwell stress tensor, winding function approach, conformal mapping method, virtual work principle and finite element analysis are presented. The effects of magnetic saturation, slot and pole combination and load are discussed. Then typical characteristics of electromagnetic vibration are illustrated. Finally, the experimental studies are summarized and the authors give their thoughts about the research trends.
Marco Antonio Montoya, Cássia Aparecida Pasqual, Ricardo Luis Lopes
et al.
The article evaluates the structure of Brazilian agribusiness in their components such as income, employment, sectorial energy consumption, and CO2 emissions. An energy matrix with 56 consumer sectors compatible with the 56 sectors of Brazil presented by MIP for 2009 was estimated, which enabled the measurement of agribusiness in economic and physical units. It was found that agribusiness accounts for 21.26% of GDP, 31.93% of the jobs, 34.72% of energy consumption, and 40.96% of CO2 emissions. The physical-economic indicators show that energy consumption and CO2 emissions in agribusiness are larger than the national average; in particular, it highlights the agricultural industry as the aggregate proportion that emits more CO2 per unit of currency in the country, per worker, and per energy consumption. However, it was found that the agribusiness uses "clean" energy (11.14% for electricity) and mainly renewable energy (80.53% for sugarcane products, firewood and other primary sources)
Economic history and conditions, Economics as a science