Hasil untuk "History of the arts"

Jaume Torró Torrent, Albert Lloret

La caduta di Costantinopoli nel maggio del 1453 ebbe un impatto significativo sulla scrittura di romanzi cavallereschi. La figura del cavaliere errante che difende Costantinopoli come capitano dell’esercito imperiale diventa allora un motivo ampiamente diffuso. Martorell visse a Napoli dal 1450 fino alla morte di Alfonso il Magnanimo nel 1458. In quell’ambiente di corte, Martorell venne a conoscenza del progetto di crociata di Alfonso nel 1455 e 1456. In quel periodo, Martorell deve aver modificato la sua idea originaria di comporre un trattato di educazione cavalleresca, come Guillem de Varoic, e inizia a progettare il suo romanzo. Col Tirant lo Blanc, Joanot Martorell lancia una chiamata alle armi contro i Turchi per la riconquista cristiana della città. In quello stesso ambiente deve aver conosciuto la tradizione antica che definisce la storiografia come opus oratorium maxime, attraverso la quale trasforma il suo scritto iniziale in un’opera di ambizione assai maggiore. Questa concezione oratoria del Tirant è ciò che lo distingue dagli altri romanzi cavallereschi.

Jie Yu, Dingyue Tian, Zhuojun Wang et al.

Honors education has ascended as an integral element within the sphere of global higher education, concentrating on fostering individuals who exhibit creativity and a history of innovative achievements. Despite its widespread adoption, there remains a scarcity of exhaustive longitudinal studies investigating its effects and associated variables. To address this shortcoming, this study deploys rigorous structural equation modeling (SEM) and linear regression analyses to meticulously examine a dataset comprising 319 students, who enrolled over a decade (2011–2021) in a prestigious honors college at a preeminent university in China. The primary objective is to discern the predictive efficacy of Chinese honors education selection criteria on students’ creative and academic accomplishments. This endeavor strives to clarify the complex interplay among students’ creative personalities, academic performance, creative achievements, and standardized college entrance exam scores. The findings emphasize that individuals who exhibit enhanced creative personality traits are predisposed to elevated levels of both innovation and academic attainment (β = 0.170, p  = 0.017). Additionally, a significant inverse relationship is observed between general learning aptitude and subsequent academic performance (β = −0.008, p = 0.023), while students pursuing science disciplines demonstrate superior innovation outcomes compared to their liberal arts counterparts (β = 0.125, p  = 0.048). Interestingly, neither gender nor general academic prowess exerts significant predictive power over collegiate innovation (β  = −0.002, p = 0.134). These empirical insights equip policymakers and scholars with nuanced perspectives on the determinants shaping students’ refined educational experiences, thereby inciting critical discourse concerning the refinement of selection criteria and the imperative of nurturing students’ creative proclivities.

Gabriel Henrique Cruz Bonfim, Fernando Moreira da Silva, Luis Paschoarelli

A maior parte da apreciação de um produto se dá por meio das cores e, se estas forem mal utilizadas, podem levar ao insucesso. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar se a cor do recipiente influencia na percepção do esforço a ser exercido para abrir embalagens de água mineral com tampa de rosca. Para isso, foram utilizadas três embalagens com formatos idênticos, porém em três cores diferentes: vermelha, azul e transparente. Os sujeitos não podiam tocar nas embalagens, apenas observa-las e em seguida classifica-las em uma Likert (com ideogramas) de três pontos. Os resultados mostram que jovens e adultos consideraram a embalagem de cor azul como aquela que aparentemente requer menos esforço para ser aberta, enquanto que para os idosos aparentemente é necessário menos esforço para abrir a embalagem transparente. Em todos os casos a embalagem vermelha foi relacionada ao maior esforço, havendo diferença significativa quando comparada com as demais embalagens. No entanto, não houve diferença significativa quando as embalagens azul e transparente foram comparadas entre si.

Malaya, E. R.

The author of the article puts into academic circulation materials from the State Central Film Museum: the collection of Arseny Tarkovsky’s records, which had a significant impact on the development of his son, Andrei Tarkovsky, the famous Russian director. The collection of records was donated to the State Central Film Museum by Irma Rausch-Tarkovskaya, actress, director, first wife of Andrei Tarkovsky, in 1995. The article briefly analyzes the cultural context: the love of music in the Tarkovsky family, the director’s interest in music in his youth. Sound design in Tarkovsky’s films includes not only original music or citation world classics, but also carefully designed noises. They consist of natural sounds or sounds of artificial origin. Moreover, they are designed to represent not reality, but poetic reality. Sound design plays an increasingly prominent role in Tarkovsky’s films during his professional development. As he accumulates of professional and work experience, his philosophy becomes more deep and profound. The author of the article pays special attention to the analysis of some important musical works which had a great influence on Tarkovsky’s films.

Sergio Ramírez González

El presente trabajo pretende acercarse al universo iconográfico de la orden carmelita descalza, a través de dos modelos auspiciados por los santos reformadores. En concreto, las representaciones pasionistas de Cristo atado a la columna y la de Jesús Nazareno, con enorme difusión en los conventos propios tras formar parte de las experiencias místicas de santa Teresa de Jesús y san Juan de la Cruz. Tales fundamentos, junto al aporte de nueva documentación inédita, servirán como punto de partida para dilucidar la confusión y errores de adscripción a los que ha sido sometida la escultura de Jesús Nazareno de la iglesia parroquial de Benamejí (Córdoba). Vinculada en los últimos años al buen hacer del escultor antequerano Antonio del Castillo, se descubre ahora que esta obra no corresponde a la que hiciera en 1695 para el desaparecido convento carmelita de Nuestra Señora de los Remedios. Equivale, más bien, al Cristo amarrado a la columna localizado en la misma parroquial, el otrora denominado Jesús de los Remedios, que simultaneaba ambas iconografías al actuar con los atavíos y elementos de la Pasión.

Sohail Mumtaz Khan

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: ER;">In this Article, an effort was made to get a good understanding about Schimmel&rsquo;s books, in the very context of Metaphysics, Mysticism, Culture, History and of Fine Arts. Much of these books are byproduct of Schimmel&rsquo;s lectures which she gave in different universities and in institutions, world over. She was a dedicated Western Scholar and had an extended repute both in East and West. Her books are profoundly contained diversified or versatile topics related to Muslim living, irrespective of Muslim sect or dogmatic differences. She presented Islam a true faith and gave an impressive look of it to its western readers. For this, she particularly focused Mysticism and Fine Arts. In fact, she produced a great canvass of Islam and did her best to draw a good look of it in different socio-cultural perspectives. Her academic attire for the Prophet of Islam (pbuh) is another distinction to be valued. We should admit that this was Muslim Mysticism which engraved her ideas from childhood to her old age and she led a life, more or less, under the very shadow of Sufi Path.</span></strong></p>

Amira Emad Fathy Mohamed El-Sebaiy

{AR}كان لعلم الفلك مكانة كبيرة فى المغرب الإسلامي، أبرزتها مجهودات علماءه ودورهم الكبير في ابتكار وتطوير آلاته، وعلى رأسها الأسطرلاب الذى أفرد له عدد كبير من المصنفات العلمية، والتي ترجم بعضها إلى اللغات الأجنبية. لذا نتناول بالبحث دراسة أسطرلاب من المغرب الإسلامي للفلكي محمد بن أحمد البطوطي ينشر لأول مرة، مصنوع من النحاس الأصفر والفضة، محفوظ بمتحف تاريخ العلوم بجامعة أكسفورد. ويتضمن البحث تمهيداًعن تاريخ علم الفلك قبيل الإسلام وعند المسلمين، وماهية الأسطرلاب وأنواعه. ثم دراسة وصفية لكل من وجه وظهر الأسطرلاب، فضلاً عن الدراسة التحليلية التي تتضمن إلقاء الضوء على المواد الخام، وطرق التشکيل والزخرفة، وتحليلًا للنقوش الكتابية المنفذة عليه، من حيث الشکل والنوع والغرض والمضمون، حيث تتضمن اسم الأسطرلابي محمد بن أحمد البطوطي، والدعاء له، وتأريخ الأسطرلاب بطريقة حساب الجمل المغربية. كما تتضمن الدراسة التحليلية مفردات الأسطرلاب المسطح، وآلية استخدامه وأغراض استخدام الأسطرلاب. تلا ذلك الخاتمة التى تضمنت العديد من النتائج المهمة، لعل من أهمها حسن استغلال تصميم الأسطرلاب في تحديد مكان صناعته من حلال نوع الخط وتاريخ الأسطرلاب، مما يجعل دراسته ذات أهمية؛ في مجال دراسة الفنون التطبيقية الإسلامية، فضلاً عن العديد من الأشكال والصور الفوتوغرافية. {EN}Astronomy in the Islamic Maghrib had a great place, and scientists had a great role in the development of astronomical instruments, especially the astrolabe, and they dedicated many scientific works to it, some of which were translated into foreign languages. This research studies a remarkable astrolabe of the Astronomer Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Battûtî from Maghrib, made of brass and silver, preserved in the History of Science Museum at the University of Oxford in England. The research includes an introduction to the history of astronomy before Islam and among Muslims, the astrolabe, and its types. The research is divided into a descriptive study of both the front and the back of the astrolabe, as well as an analytical study that sheds light on raw materials and industry and clarifies the methods of formation and decoration. The study will address an explanation of the writings executed on this astrolabe: in terms of form and content; It includes the name of the astrolabe Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Battûtî, the supplication for him, and the date of the astrolabe by the method of calculating the Moroccan Abjad numerals. The analytical study also includes the vocabulary of the astrolabe, the mechanism of its use and the purposes of using the astrolabe. The study included a conclusion and many important results, perhaps the most important of which is the use of the design of the astrolabe, its shape, the type of line, and the date of the astrolabe in determining the place of its manufacture, which makes the study very important in the field of studying Islamic applied arts. Finally, the research included a set of maps, figures, and photographs.

Kateryna Iakovlenko

This article is based on the belief that the hierarchy of Ukrainian artistic community was mainly male-centred, while female artists had to work much harder than their male colleagues just to be recognised as artists. Therefore, artistic talent was generally associated with personal characteristics rather than artistic skills. In the 1960s, manliness became one of the important features of art and the intelligentsia in general, which adhered to the ideas of human rights and justice. According to the artists’ ideas, the same qualities – manliness, courage, honesty, and willpower – should manifest themselves in the artworks. The crisis of the Soviet Union and its artistic structures, the subsequent Perestroika, and the independence of Ukraine brought fundamental economic and social changes putting this activist tradition of nonconformist female art on hold. The above-mentioned trends re-emerged after 2004, when a new generation of artists, who successfully incorporated elements of the tradition of social activism, was born. In my paper, I will talk about the continuity of the tradition of female artists’ activism, about its features in Ukraine from the 1960s to the present day. I will try to answer the question: what is the role of the idea of manliness in Soviet and Ukrainian art, and what is the role of female artists and their artistic practice in fighting for political and social justice.

Janice Simon

Gabriela Świtek

”Exhibition of Cuban Painting”, created by the National Council for Culture in Cuba and the National Union of Writers and Artists of Cuba, opened on October 9, 1962 at the Central Office of Artistic Exhibitions (CBWA) in Warsaw. Its closing date (October 28, 1962) coincided with the end of the so-called Cuban Missile Crisis (October 16–28, 1962) – the greatest political crisis in post-World War II history between superpowers in possession of nuclear weapons, caused by the secret deployment of medium-range ballistic missiles by the Soviet Union in Cuba, which posed a threat to US territory. The article seeks to interpret the reception of the exhibition of Cuban art in the Polish People’s Republic, organized within the framework of official international cultural exchange (in the Polish press, the event received several dozen reviews and mentions, which often underlined that the show presented the “art of a fighting island”), against the background of the international crisis during the Cold War. The case study proposed here sits within modern international research on the histories of exhibitions that finds its starting point in the question of their simultaneity or non-simultaneity in relation to the periodizations established in global political history.

Lady Adaina Ajayi, Faith Osasumwen Olanrewaju, Adekunle Olanrewaju et al.

This paper evaluates the connecting fabric between gendered violence and human rights through the dire lenses of widowhood rites in Oshimili-North Local Government Area in Delta State, Nigeria. This evaluation stems from the Sustainable Development Goal-5 whose aim is the eradication of all forms of discrimination against women as well as harmful practices. Hinged on the theories of cultural relativism and universalism, the paper provides information on the existence of dehumanizing cultural practices related with widowhood rites despite the enactment of human rights instruments that are expected to address this form of discrimination targeted mostly against women. In-depth interviews were conducted among widows who voluntarily shared their experiences. Findings show widows’ acceptability of widowhood practices despite their educational and financial status notwithstanding. Also worthy of note is that women are perpetrators of these widowhood rites and they ensure its strict compliance among other widows. It recommends the dire need of the Nigerian government to domesticate the global rights regime into its legal framework, education of the populace through the interpretation, appropriation and the reconstructing of these transnational discourses into the indigenous and ensure that, effective monitoring mechanisms are in place to guarantee the effective protection of this vulnerable population.

Victoria Clebanov, Bennett Kravitz

This essay ventures a post-election reflection on the significance of Clintonʼs defeat by addressing its emblematic representation as Medusaʼs decapitation by the triumphant Perseus. It is not a coincidence, we argue, that Clinton triggered in public imagination the odious image of Medusa, the epitome of female monstrosity of all [patriarchal] times, while Trumpʼs imagery of his rival articulated the ancient angst of man: the fear of woman as a mirror of manʼs own monstrosity, the inability to tolerate ambiguity embedded in woman, the envy of incapacity to create life ("uterus envy"). Thus, Trumpʼs experience of Clinton as Medusa echoes manʼs experience of powerful/ creative woman as a monstrously threatening reminder of his own narcissistic discontents. It also unravels manʼs need to demonize Medusa by victimization and then re-victimize her by demonization. Just as Medusa herself, an innocent beautiful maiden from Ovidʼs story, converts into a petrifying mirror of manʼs own monstrosity, so does the representation of Clinton and Clintonʼs defeat becomes a mirror through which an invisible lens of misogyny manifests itself.

17 page, ing with, The architect et al.

وهاب فهد الياسري, عدنان حميد جاسم

Traffic congestion is a type of traffic problem represented by (traffic violations and accidents) one of the most important problems that occupy the thoughts of many interested in the subject of transport, especially urban transport (within cities), it is a problem that most countries of the world suffer from, especially the countries of the developing world, which is the tax of civilizational and technological development Which people pay, and it is also considered as one of the effects of the daily work movements carried out by urban residents, as they go to work places and to places of education such as schools, institutes, colleges, and even kindergartens, as well as to shopping and many other purposes, all of which are movements that affect the increase or decrease in the percentage of traffic jams In the streets of the city, according to the intensity of traffic and traffic, as well as the nature and equipment of roads.

Ana Isabel Rodríguez Aguilera

En los poblados de colonización españoles, construidos por el Instituto Nacional de Colonización entre 1940 y 1970, aún perduran gestos, ritmos, formas, texturas y espacios que mantienen la esencia del proyecto original. Junto a esta realidad, la deficiente protección de estos conjuntos está provocando que los procesos de transformación y adaptación a las nuevas necesidades los conviertan en un collage de decisiones individuales. Cada propietario transforma su casa personalizando el lenguaje inicial de síntesis entre lo rural y lo abstracto, donde convivían el hábitat tradicional y la arquitectura contemporánea. Historia, Patrimonio, Memoria, Herencia, Identidad… ¿Hasta dónde deben llegar los mecanismos de protección? ¿Dónde están los límites entre lo público y lo privado?

Elina Räsänen, Katja Fält, Visa Immonen

Ángela Atienza López

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Ascensión Hernández Martínez

El 22 de marzo de 2011 se inauguraba en la Real Fábrica de Tapices de la Comunidad de Madrid la exposición 100 elementos del patrimonio industrial en España, organizada por TICCIH España (The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage) y comisariada por los profesores M.a Pi- lar Biel Ibáñez (Universidad de Zaragoza) y Gerardo J. Cueto Alonso (Universidad de Santander), quienes coordinaron una extensa red de profesionales que han participado en el evento.

Joris Oddens

David Fott