Hasil untuk "Fine Arts"

Camila Aguayo

Catherine Cuenca

Junxiang Yao, Jan Aarts

Superconducting junctions with a ferromagnet as the weak link, where triplet correlations can transport supercurrents over a substantial distance, have been of long-standing interest. In this work, we study the triplet transport in planar La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$ (LSMO) nanowire Josephson junctions with NbTi superconducting contacts. By meticulous ion etching with an artificial Pt hard mask, the NbTi/LSMO bilayer is structured to form an LSMO bridge without damaging its top layer. We observe superconducting (critical) currents of the order of 10$^{9}$ A/m$^2$ in a junction with a length of 1.3 $μ$m, and distinguishing superconducting quantum interference (SQI) patterns when sweeping a magnetic field perpendicular ($B_\perp$) to the plane of the wire or parallel ($B_\parallel$) to the plane and along the wire. The observed Gaussian-shaped SQI pattern is attributed to the diffusive transport of triplet pairs in the LSMO. Our work demonstrates that combinations of oxide magnets with conventional ($s$-wave) alloy superconductors can be a promising new route to realizing superconducting spintronics.

Eduard Sala Barceló, Aritz Tutor Antón

La crisis iniciada en 2007-08 y las repercusiones habitacionales tuvieron como respuesta ciudadana la formación de grupos de resistencia a la oleada de desahucios que se produjeron por los impagos de hipoteca en primer lugar, y de alquiler o de ocupación más adelante. La Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca fue considerada la pionera en 2009, pero analizando el caso de Barcelona se constata como en el último lustro han llegado a surgir más de 30 colectivos diferentes que inciden en la lucha por una vivienda digna. En este artículo se pretende analizar el contexto y la localización de estos movimientos sociales, a partir del análisis territorial del impacto de los desahucios, para analizar el alcance territorial de cada uno de ellos y ver posibles vacíos o yuxtaposiciones.

Agatángelo Soler Montellano, Laura Sánchez Carrasco

Mientras que los trabajos clásicos sobre la flexibilidad en la vivienda se han centrado en definir el sentido de esta idea y en el estudio de las herramientas de proyecto precisas para lograrla, la cuestión de su representación gráfica no ha sido tratada aún en profundidad. Este artículo se plantea como una primera aproximación a la manera en la que los arquitectos de la modernidad comenzaron a experimentar con distintos códigos para plasmar este nuevo concepto. El estudio se circunscribe al ámbito de la arquitectura doméstica en la modernidad, aunque forma parte de una investigación más amplia acerca de la flexibilidad en la vivienda. En el artículo se defiende la tesis de que, si bien el concepto de flexibilidad se ha abordado desde posiciones muy distantes a lo largo del tiempo, su representación gráfica ha mantenido los códigos implantados en la modernidad, y que estos variaban en función del medio al que se destinaban los dibujos.

Sander Aarts, David B. Shmoys

The hitting set problem is a well-known NP-hard optimization problem in which, given a set of elements and a collection of subsets, the goal is to find the smallest selection of elements, such that each subset contains at least one element in the selection. Many geometric set systems enjoy improved approximation ratios, which have recently been shown to be tight with respect to the shallow cell complexity of the set system. The algorithms that exploit the cell complexity, however, tend to be involved and computationally intensive. This paper shows that a slightly improved asymptotic approximation ratio for the hitting set problem can be attained using a much simpler algorithm: solve the linear programming relaxation, take one initial random sample from the set of elements with probabilities proportional to the LP-solution, and, while there is an unhit set, take an additional sample from it proportional to the LP-solution. Our algorithm is a simple generalization of the elegant net-finder algorithm by Nabil Mustafa. To analyze this algorithm for the hitting set problem, we generalize the classic Packing Lemma, and the more recent Shallow Packing Lemma, to the setting of weighted epsilon-nets.

Noémie Couillard

Mark DeKay, Stefano Tornieri

Certain aspects of the concept of modularity, introduced primarily in the field of computer science by David L. Parnas (1972), have formed the basis for modularity in education: cohesion, decoupling, ease of modification, replicability are characteristics of the computer module that also apply well to the educational context. It is with this pedagogical attitude related to the modular didactic system that Experiential Design Schemas was born, a work methodologically related to integral theory by Ken Wilber (2007) and applied to architecture through an important section of design schemes. Also organised with a practice intention, the aim is to provide analytical and design tools that outline the capacity of formal and compositional choices to shape environmental forces for the purpose of experiential and emotional effects.   Article info Received: 24/10/2023; Revised: 31/10/2023; Accepted: 04/11/2023        

Tessel M. Bauduin

In the 1920s and '30s the fourteenth-century Italian artist Paolo Uccello was appropriated as a precursor of Surrealism in the French surrealist discourse. Pivotal were two texts, a mini-play and an essay, that the playwright Antonin Artaud, then in his surrealist phase, dedicated to Uccello between 1924 and 1926. This article analyses both texts and shows the construction, by Artaud, of Uccello as his potential double, and especially as someone dedicated to mind over matter, a key facet of Uccello’s reception as a fellow traveler of Surrealism. It identifies an artwork ascribed to Uccello, discussed by Artaud and thought imaginary, as a panel currently in the Louvre. Finally, it shows that an imagined biography of the artist by the symbolist writer Marcel Schwob forms the key hypotext for Artaud and other surrealists, with strong echoes of Vasari’s vita of Uccello, which was in turn Schwob’s hypotext.

Luke Pavia, S. Grima, I. Romānova et al.

The aim of this paper is to identify the risks that need to be addressed when holding fine art, determine which are perceived as being the most important, and whether the risk perception is influenced by demographic variables such as age, educational background, and field of occupation. To identify the risks and evaluate the risk perception, we used a purposely designed questionnaire and sent it via various sources of communication systems and applications to individuals knowledgeable on fine arts. Findings revealed that, generally, art deterioration, art fraud, and art theft are the three main highlighted risks, with art deterioration considered in the high-risk range. In terms of risk perception, forgery is the biggest concern. On the other hand, considerations of the investment value of art lessened perceived risk exposure. Furthermore, the study has shown that certain risk perceptions were influenced by the participants’ demographic variables. Both the identified risks and risk perception considerations analyzed within this study provide us with insights as to what needs to be considered when offering fine art insurance, particularly when it comes to which risks that are perceived as being the most pressing by potential policyholders, and how these perceptions vary according to individual demographics variables as noted above.

Jan-Michael Cayme

Countries in Southeast Asia have a unique and diverse culture due to its varied ethnic groups having different traditions and beliefs. The process of manufacturing building materials such as brick masonry is one aspect where this distinctiveness is manifested. This study provides a general analytical chemistry method that will estimate the original firing temperature of a historical brick material from a convent in Milaor, Camarines Sur, Philippines. Different instrumental techniques were utilized namely the Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). From these techniques, the chemical and mineralogical composition of the brick was reported. The clay mixture used in the production of the brick is known to be non-calcareous and low refractory, that was fired in an oxidizing atmosphere. The brick’s microstructure is classified within the initial vitrification stage based on the features of the mineral transformations. The results of this study point to an estimated firing temperature range of 650°C to 850°C. An emphasis on the importance of chemical analysis in studying cultural heritage materials in the Southeast Asian region is also highlighted on this paper.  Ang mga bansa sa Timog-Silangang Asya ay may natatangi at magkakaibang kultura sanhi ng iba’t ibang mga pangkat etniko na may magkakaibang tradisyon at paniniwala. Ang pamamaraan ng paggawa sa mga materyales ng lumang gusali tulad ng ladrilyo ay isang aspeto kung saan naipapamalas ang pagkakaiba-iba nito. Ang pagaaral na ito ay nagbibigay ng isang pangkalahatang pamamaraan ng mapanuring-kimika para tantyahin ang orihinal na temperatura ng paggawa sa lumang ladrilyo mula sa isang kumbento ng Milaor, Camarines Sur, Pilipinas. Iba’t ibang mga instrumento ang ginamit tulad ng Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy at ang Scanning Electron Microscopy na nakakabit sa Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). Mula sa mga intrumentong ito, ang kemikal at mineral na komposisyon ng ladrilyo ay iniulat. Ang mga pinaghalong luad na ginamit sa paggawa ng ladrilyo ay masaasabing hindi gaanong madami ang bilang ng kalsiyo at mababang refractory, na sinunog sa isang kapaligiran na sagana sa hangin. Ang mga pinaka-maliliit na istruktura ng ladrilyo ay masasabing nasa paunang yugto ng pagtunaw ng mga mineral sa luad, batay sa mga pagbabagong anyo ng mga ito. Sa mga resulta ng pagaaral, masasabi na ang tantyang temperatura ng pagsunog ay nasa 650°C hanggang 850°C. Binibigyan ng diin ang kahalagahan ng pagsusuri ng kimika sa pagaaral ng mga materyales na pamanang kultura sa rehiyon ng Timog-Silangang Asya ay naitala din sa pagaaral na ito.

Patricio Martínez-Carricondo, Fernando Carvajal-Ramírez, Lourdes Yero-Paneque et al.

Abstract The Isabel II dam is a monumental hydraulic structure built in the middle of the nineteenth century in Spain. In this study, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry was used as a data acquisition technique to carry out a survey of the dam’s current state and its surrounding constructions. The point cloud obtained by the photogrammetric process, together with the collected historical in-formation, served as the basis to generate an historic building information model (HBIM) that is the central core containing all the graphical, structural and archaeological information. The HBIM was validated by means of the As-Built for Autodesk Revit®-FARO® plug-in, and shows the high accuracy obtained with respect to the point cloud. The results show that with this methodology it is possible to obtain models representative of reality with an accuracy of ± 0.05 m. In addition, in order to improve the visualization, texture adjustments are made to obtain a photorealistic rendering of the model.

Joel Fine, Dmitri Panov

Let M be a compact oriented even-dimensional manifold. This note constructs a compact symplectic manifold S of the same dimension and a map f from S to M of strictly positive degree. The construction relies on two deep results: the first is a theorem of Ontaneda that gives a Riemannian manifold N of tightly pinched negative curvature which admits a map to M of degree equal to one; the second is a result of Donaldson on the existence of symplectic divisors. Given Ontaneda's negatively curved manifold N, the twistor space Z is symplectic. The manifold S is then a suitable multisection of the twistor space, found via Donaldson's theorem.

Hakan Anay, Ülkü Özten

Embedded within the theoretical and conceptual frameworks implied by the schemata theory and studies on architectural precedent knowledge, the present study is based on a research that investigates and evaluates two major issues within the context of architectural education. First is the level and characteristics of the conceptual schema of the students of architecture have had just before their education in architecture starts, and second, the nature, and the characteristic of that precise conceptual schema’s development and transformation throughout their formal education. This study, on the other hand, reports a comparative analysis and evaluation of two particular stages: 1st year, before their formal education starts, and 3rd year, as it was assumed by the study, as the stage when their disciplinary schemata is already roughly “formed.” Findings showed that students not only developed their conceptual schemata and their existing schemata is transformed into a more specialized and field-specific one, but also they have developed a set of skills which might be called “designerly seeing,” and “designerly thinking.”

Muhamad Ramdhani Khoerudin, Uus Karwati

This study aims to obtain data on changes in function and initial forms of performing Lebon in the community, Pepedan Village, Parigi District, Pangandaran Regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. With the development of the current era through various factors, the Lebon art has turned into a means of entertainment that is arranged in such a way that the aim of the Lebon art remains sustainable and is accepted by the Papedan community. Lebon art in the language of the local community lebon has a meaning that is grave or buried. Lebon art performance can occur because there are two groups fighting over plantation land ownership or fighting over women to be wives, Lebon art is art that contains violence in earlier times, because in this art required as winners are surviving champions and losers must reach die and be buried in the place of the Lebon art performance. Lebon art in general Pangandaran community has become an art that was born originally from Pangandaran Regency.

Óscar Chaves Amieva, Raquel López Fernández, Pablo Allepuz García

La Editorial de la Revista EIDOS y la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad UTE convocan a la publicación de artículos para su próximo número, bajo el tema “2020 Transformaciones espaciales en la 4.a revolución industrial”. La convocatoria se dirige a aquellos profesionales en general, que estén involucrados en el tema.

Lee Mackinnon, Nanna Bonde Thylstrup, Kristin Veel

Stéphanie Aerts, Ines Wilms

Quadratic and Linear Discriminant Analysis (QDA/LDA) are the most often applied classification rules under normality. In QDA, a separate covariance matrix is estimated for each group. If there are more variables than observations in the groups, the usual estimates are singular and cannot be used anymore. Assuming homoscedasticity, as in LDA, reduces the number of parameters to estimate. This rather strong assumption is however rarely verified in practice. Regularized discriminant techniques that are computable in high-dimension and cover the path between the two extremes QDA and LDA have been proposed in the literature. However, these procedures rely on sample covariance matrices. As such, they become inappropriate in presence of cellwise outliers, a type of outliers that is very likely to occur in high-dimensional datasets. In this paper, we propose cellwise robust counterparts of these regularized discriminant techniques by inserting cellwise robust covariance matrices. Our methodology results in a family of discriminant methods that (i) are robust against outlying cells, (ii) cover the gap between LDA and QDA and (iii) are computable in high-dimension. The good performance of the new methods is illustrated through simulated and real data examples. As a by-product, visual tools are provided for the detection of outliers.

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