Digital integration in agricultural systems is intensifying the demand for intelligent packaging solutions that enhance food safety, reduce losses of perishable goods, and promote environmental sustainability. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis using Knowledge Graph on relevant publications retrieved from the Web of Science to map the evolutionary trajectory of digitally enabled agricultural packaging research. The results indicate sustained and robust growth in publication output, fueled by interdisciplinary convergence among food science, materials engineering, and computer science. The core research themes have evolved from an early focus on passive preservation techniques toward active and intelligent monitoring systems, with dominant topics including smart sensors, sustainable materials, and data-driven supply chain optimization. Emerging research frontiers increasingly emphasize sustainable packaging solutions that incorporate advanced tracking technologies and circular economy principles to minimize ecological impact. Future advancements will likely rely on cross-disciplinary artificial intelligence solutions, the establishment of standardized sustainability metrics, and deeper integration with digital supply chain infrastructures to overcome scalability challenges within global digital agricultural networks.
Abstract Artificial intelligence has been extensively used to predict surface water quality to assess the health of aquatic ecosystems proactively. However, water quality prediction in data-scarce conditions is a challenge, especially with heterogeneous data from monitoring sites that lack similarity in water quality, hindering the information transfer. A deep learning model is proposed that utilizes representation learning to capture knowledge from source river basins during the pre-training stage, and incorporates meteorological data to accurately predict water quality. This model is successfully implemented and validated using data from 149 monitoring sites across inland China. The results show that the model has outstanding prediction accuracy across all sites, with a mean Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.80, and has a significant advantage in multi-indicator prediction. The model maintains its excellent performance even when trained with only half of the data. This can be attributed to the representation learning used in the pre-training stage, which enables extensive and accurate prediction under data-scarce conditions. The developed model holds significant potential for cross-basin water quality prediction, which could substantially advance the development of water environment system management.
Micro-energy networks are the smallest element of integrated energy systems, and tapping into the integrated demand response potential of micro-energy networks is conducive to improving energy use efficiency and promoting the development of new energy sources on a large scale. This paper proposes a day-ahead integrated demand response strategy for micro-energy grid that takes into account the dispatchable loads. Considering the gradient use of thermal energy, a typical micro-energy grid structure including electricity, gas, medium-grade heat, low-grade heat, and cold energy is constructed, a comprehensive energy equipment model is established, and the refined scheduling models of the dispatchable loads are given. On this basis, with the operating economy of the micro-energy grid as the optimization objective, the integrated demand response strategies of tariff-type and incentive-type are proposed. Through case study analysis, it is verified that the proposed strategy can optimize the energy consumption structure of the micro-energy grid under the guidance of time-of-use tariffs, reducing the operating costs. The proposed strategy fully exploits the demand response potential of the micro-energy grid through the dispatchable loads and the multi-energy complementarity of electricity, heat, and cold, realizes the comprehensive coordination and optimization of source-network-load-storage, provides a larger peak-regulating capacity, and exhibits practical applicability in engineering.
The article studies principle reasons for technological underdevelopment of Russia compared with western countries and identifies regulatory documents aimed at finding promising ways to resolve this problem. Analysis of the numerous academic works investigating issues of innovation development of industry, importance of scientific and technical progress for economic growth, cooperation between universities and industrial enterprises provides an opportunity to substantiate topicality of the research. The author on the basis of different interpretations of the notion ‘technological development’ could formulate his own definition. Further on, a conclusion was drawn that universities, industrial enterprises and state are actors of technological development. The author built a model and mechanisms of organizational and technical interaction of representatives of science, business and state. The project ‘Advanced Engineering Schools’ is an example of such interaction aimed at providing industry with highly-qualified engineers. Research findings are tested through the mechanism of scientific and industrial integration of the company ODK, the St. Petersburg Polytechnic University and state. The author’s developments have practical significance, as they can be used in education, at industrial enterprises and in other sectors of economy for planning programs of technological modernization in industry.
The increasingly complex molecular structures and high requirements of advanced industries are triggering a transformation in chemical production modes. Bio-manufacturing provides efficient strategies and brings the advantages of high atomic economy, few side reactions, and strong adaptability to processes, as well as environmental friendliness, which can contribute toward global efforts against greenhouse effect and environmental pollution. The significance of bio-manufacturing can be specifically illustrated by examining the bio-manufacturing process from the scientific discovery of a key compound to its technological integration and engineering innovation. The development of statins—important drugs for hypercholesterolemia treatment—is a good example of the progress and application of bio-manufacturing. The production of the first-generation statins from microorganisms, the second-generation statins using bioconversion, and the third-generation statins through an evolution from total chemical synthesis to chemoenzymatic synthesis demonstrates the technological and engineering revolution of bio-manufacturing, which is of great importance for energy conservation, cost saving, and waste emission reduction. With advances in cutting-edge biotechnologies, as well as the integration of multiple disciplines, bio-manufacturing is expected to promote the advancement of more intelligent processes to realize sustainable and green industrial development.
Benyoh Emmanuel Kigha Nsafon, Benyoh Emmanuel Kigha Nsafon, Noel Ngando Same
et al.
Despite the low local energy access rates, Africa is considered a key player in the global energy transition due to its large supply of fossil fuels and a large reserve of critical minerals essential for manufacturing renewable energy components in the energy sector and storage devices in the transportation and electronics sectors. But building a sustainable society at all levels across nations would only come when there exists a just and inclusive energy transition based on the idea of “leave no one behind”. While many African countries have embarked on ambitious and transformative transition strategies, and many energy projects classified as “clean” have economic, environmental, and social implications that jeopardize the wellbeing of those already vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. This paper explores the policy implications of the just transition to ensure that efforts to steer Africa towards a lower carbon future are supported by fair, equity, and justice considerations. Our analyses provide valuable evidence for considering a just transition in Africa that will not exacerbate the current socio-economic challenges the region is facing but will support sustained poverty reduction and the achievement of faster economic growth. Our findings show that the African continent’s multiple challenges of energy security, economic growth, and affordable access must feature in its clean energy transition. We draw conclusions that an incremental transition emphasizing low-carbon development is the most feasible and pragmatic approach to transform the region’s economy and address climate change challenges.
BackgroundThe value chains of tomatoes in Ethiopia are largely informal which may pose potential food safety risks. Value chains (VCs) mapping was carried out with emphasis on tomatoes in two major cities in eastern Ethiopia—Harar and Dire Dawa—which were assessed to identify practices likely to result in unsafe food, considering production, transportation, retail, preparation, and consumption.MethodsQualitative methods were used to map the VCs to understand the flows, actors, and practices. Group discussions and key informant interviews were performed to better understand the processes, practices, beliefs, and food safety risks in these VCs.ResultsThe two cities are supplied by two vegetable VCs: the first and larger being from distant producers in central Ethiopia, and the second from surrounding rural and peri-urban producers. The long-distance VCs involve producers, brokers, transporters, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. The local producers, however, bring their fresh products directly to the cities without the involvement of VC actors other than final retailers and consumers. The study suggests microbiological contamination risks along tomato VCs, potentially including soil contamination, use of sewerage-contaminated irrigation water, untreated manure, unhygienic handling and storage conditions, and dirty contact surfaces during transportation and retailing. Tomatoes are mostly harvested by hand picking, collected, and sorted on the ground exposing to sunlight and physical bruising with potential contamination. More importantly, tomatoes are widely consumed raw without “a kill-step” that certainly contributes to food-borne infections. Suggestions by study participants for improving food safety and hygiene include funding toward improved infrastructure and facilities in the sectors, supporting VC actors with improved technology for quality production, and increasing awareness of good and hygienic practices. Consumers were particularly concerned about contamination with agrochemicals without much emphasis on the potential microbial contaminants. Fresh tomatoes are prepared in a variety of ways and are often consumed raw or slightly cooked. Further recommendations included using health extension workers to conduct awareness campaigns on improved food safety and hygienic practices.ConclusionThe qualitative VC mapping generated useful information for designing intervention strategies, especially targeting developing food safety interventions and an awareness communication campaign.
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Food processing and manufacture
With the rising human population, travelling on static roads is insufficient to meet modern mobility demands. The global economy loses hundreds of billions of dollars yearly due to traffic inefficiencies, including accidents, pollution etc. We undertake an idea engineering exercise to propose a new concept of travelator roads for future sustainable transportation which has been unexplored for vehicular mobility and is thus the novelty of this work.The proposal offers a paradigm shift from static roads and provides a more generic solution than other advanced transportation technologies. It caters to various United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and provides a safer, self-sustainable, energy-efficient & environment-friendly solution for overcoming traffic violations, jams, road accidents etc. Travelator roads offer easy & quick installation for transportation in rugged terrains & congested areas thereby finding applications in diverse setups like defence, urban & smart cities.Design model and possible calculations are provided to evaluate it as a solution addressing various transportation-related issues. The research methodology in this work entails a review of the literature on current and contemporary transport technologies, followed by an idea engineering exercise to construct a new concept of Travelator roads from an interdisciplinary viewpoint. Further, we propose the application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) for adapting this concept into reality. An AM technology-based prototype for a travelator road can be manufactured to provide a better idea for its effective adaptation in transportation system because AM offers flexibility in design, the opportunity for shape optimization, simplicity in making modifications, shortened time to market, cheap capital needs. Due to material-efficient designs, less waste, and a decreased requirement for production tools, moulds, and dies, AM is projected to result in a significant reduction of raw materials and overall cost involved in actually realizing the concept of travelator roads for future sustainable transportation. Although, there are a number of potential technical issues with AM-based technologies, such as the durability of materials generated by AM for roads, the amount of time required to build sizable amounts of roads, and the upkeep and repair of these roads, which must be addressed.
Recently, hydrogels have attracted great attention because of their unique properties, including stretchability, self-adhesion, transparency, and biocompatibility. They can transmit electrical signals for potential applications in flexible electronics, human–machine interfaces, sensors, actuators, et al. MXene, a newly emerged two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial, is an ideal candidate for wearable sensors, benefitting from its surface’s negatively charged hydrophilic nature, biocompatibility, high specific surface area, facile functionalization, and high metallic conductivity. However, stability has been a limiting factor for MXene-based applications, and fabricating MXene into hydrogels has been proven to significantly improve their stability. The unique and complex gel structure and gelation mechanism of MXene hydrogels require intensive research and engineering at nanoscale. Although the application of MXene-based composites in sensors has been widely studied, the preparation methods and applications of MXene-based hydrogels in wearable electronics is relatively rare. Thus, in order to facilitate the effective evolution of MXene hydrogel sensors, the design strategies, preparation methods, and applications of MXene hydrogels for flexible and wearable electronics are comprehensively discussed and summarized in this work.
Sakonsupa Damdib, Nuttamon Vanichsetakul, Phanuwat Pimpapoat
et al.
The novel and intriguing role of Fe(NO3)3 as a chemical activator in carbonization of macadamia nutshell is introduced in this work. Magnetic mesoporous carbon was achieved by chemical activation of macadamia nutshell with Fe(NO3)3 under nitrogen atmosphere at 850°C (MMC-850). Porosity of MMC-850 included SBET 317 m2/g with Vmicro 0.0796 cm3/g and considerably high Vmeso 0.4318 cm3/g. Not only did MMC-850 possesses good magnetic properties with saturation magnetization and coercive force of 31.48 emu/g and 506.6 Oe, respectively, but MMC-850 also showed high-removal efficiency of reactive black dye (RB5) with maximum adsorption capacity at 123.51 mg/g. The experimental data fit the Langmuir isotherm and Elovich model. Thermal regeneration was effective in degrading RB5 and removal ability was above 90% after two regeneration cycles. RB5 removal from water by MMC-850 as an adsorbent is considered a facile and inexpensive method since macadamia nutshell is a food by-product which is a green and renewable carbon precursor. MMC-850 is a potential adsorbent because it can be separated from wastewater treatment system using magnetic force. Besides, MMC-850 particle is not brittle compared to other porous biochar/activated carbon with similar size; therefore, it is an excellent candidate for column packing or scaling up for wastewater treatment facilities in the future.
Modern developers of gaming mobile and Internet applications almost do not imagine themselves without the use of NoSQL databases, if they pursue the goal of creating scalable databases with high-performance and wide functionality. When designing a database for any NoSQL system, the developer needs a clear understanding of the logic of such databases and the capabilities of the tools offered by the corresponding DBMS. However, unfortunately, they do not have unified methods of logical design of such models, as in relational databases. Thus, there is a problem of developing effective methods for the logical design of such databases that would provide the necessary performance when implementing the business logic of the corresponding applications. The subject of the research is approaches to the logical design of NoSQL document and graph databases. The goal of the work is to propose unified logical modeling methods for MongoDB and Neo4j NoSQL systems based on an experimental study of their performance. The following tasks are solved in the work: analysis of current approaches to the logical design of document and graph databases\, the development of logical design methods for them; planning and experimental study of the performance of the proposed methods on the example of models developed with their help. The following methods are used: database design methods, database performance evaluation methods, development methods are based on MongoDB 5.0.5, Neo4j 4.4.3 DBMS, Visual Studio 2022 development environment. The following results are obtained: unified logical design methods for MongoDB and Neo4j NoSQL systems are proposed; on their basis, the corresponding logical models have been developed; experimental measurements of the number of resources required working with the developed models; recommendations on the proposed methods are formed. Conclusions: The proposed modeling methods for MongoDB have their own aspects of their effective use for different types of applications. The strengths and weaknesses of both methods were identified, but a mixed method based on a combination of modeling through normalization and denormalization was recommended. Even though Neo4j lost out to MongoDB in terms of consumed resources in most experiments, both DBMS's' demonstrate good productivity, taking into account the orientation to different tasks.
Attendance information conducted by students can now be easily accessed by a supervisor. However, there are 3 (three) difficulties faced by supervisors, one of which is presenting information with tables requiring considerable time and very high accuracy to measure the comparison of information contained within it. In order to facilitate the supervisor in recording and measuring attendance of student tutoring students handled, the Attendance Rating system will present information in the form of graphics using Highchart. Presentation of information in the form of a graph on Attendance Assessment will present information in the form of Nim (Student Registration Number), supervisor, and guidance time. Information on the guidance time in the graph can be used as a comparison to measure the level of student activity in following the guidance. The Attendance Rating System uses the YII Frameworkbased website because it is also easy to develop web applications and the YII Framework has a good level of security. In this study, there are 5 (five) advantages and 1 (one) deficiency in the Attendance Assessment system. With this research, it is expected that the Attendance Assessment system can improve the quality of student attendance in the tutoring process at Raharja College.
The creation of reliable unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) now is an important task in the science and technology, because such devices can have a lot of use-cases in the digital economy and modern life, so we need to ensure the reliability here. In this article, it is proposed to assemble a quadcopter from low-cost components in order to obtain a hardware prototype and to develop a software solution for the flight controller with high-reliability requirements, which will meet avionics software standards using existing open-source software solutions, and also apply the results as a model for teaching courses “Components of operating systems” and “Software verification”. In the study, we proceed to analyse the structure of quadcopters and flight controllers for them, represent a self-assembly solution. We describe Ardupilot as open-source software for unmanned aerial vehicles, the appropriate APM controller and methods of PID control. Today's avionics standard of reliable software for flight controllers is a real-time partitioning operating system that is capable of responding to events from devices with an expected speed, as well as sharing processor time and memory between isolated partitions. A good example of such OS is the open-source POK (Partitioned Operating Kernel). In the repository, it contains an example design of a system for the quadcopters using AADL language for modeling its hardware and software. We apply such a technique with Model-driven engineering to a demo system that runs on real hardware and contains a flight management process with PID control as a partitioned process. Using a partitioned OS brings the reliability of flight system software to the next level. And to increase the level of control logic correctness we propose to use formal verification methods and provide examples of verifiable properties at the level of code using the deductive approach as well as at the level of the cyber-physical system using Differential dynamic logic to prove the stability.
Brian Villa Garzón, Jennifer Paola González Bustos, Manuel Alfonso Mayorga Morato
Currently, the production processes in Colombia are in a phase of continuous improvement, bringing together different specialties that seek to shape and potentiate a product or service, however it is necessary to considerably expand the panorama of possibilities to access the various branches of Creative Culture . From this perspective, entrepreneurship can generate added value that over time can become an opportunity for the sustainable development of the country. This article reviews the relationship between the Creative Economy and Production Engineering, explaining the potential of ideas from unconventional concepts and including them in business models that have managed to be pioneers in this new perspective, all of this through sustainable ideas, cultural heritage , administrative and pedagogical tools aswell as emerging technologies.
Amund N. Løvik, Renato Figi, Claudia Schreiner
et al.
The treatment of end-of-life vehicles generates large amounts of automobile shredder residue (ASR), a potential source of recycled metals. Reliable measurement methods are required to determine the composition of ASR and evaluate the resource potential. We reported on research undertaken to investigate bias and variability in the process of measuring trace metals in ASR. Two primary samples of shredder light fraction (SLF) underwent extensive physical sample preparation and chemical analysis. The samples were spiked to control random variations and systematic effects during physical sample preparation. Chemical analysis was conducted using wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD-XRF), a fully validated wet-chemical analysis, and a wet-chemical analysis representing an “in-house” lab procedure. Physical sample preparation introduced deviations up to a factor of 2, likely due to preferential losses and heterogeneity. Deviations for WD-XRF measurements of elements were in the range +100%/−50%. In-house chemical analysis produced results that were in good agreement with validated results for Al, Fe and Sn, but led to biased results or high variability for Cd, Dy, La, Nd, Pb, Pd, Pt and Sb. To improve the chemical analysis of trace metals in SLF, we recommended reducing particle size to less than 0.1 mm before chemical analysis and using a larger number of repeated digestions.
The article deals with the sustainable development of industrial enterprises in Russia, accounting for sustainable industrial growth of the national economy, tools of accounting engineering aimed at creating an information basis of transformation the Russian economic model to knowledge based economy. The proposed mechanism of ownership control of industrial enterprises in the context of long-term planning of the national economy. Theoretical bases of accounting engineering, its tools are defined. A brief review of the literature on the problem of accounting engineering is provided. A practical example of the application of the accounting engineering logic for the industrial enterprise is reviewed. It describes the research results obtained during the last 25 years of Russian scientific school of accounting engineering. Conclusions and recommendations on the use of accounting engineering to sustainable development of the Russian economy are formulated.