Hasil untuk "Education (General)"

Zagalioti SC, Ziaka M, Exadaktylos A et al.

Sofia-Chrysovalantou Zagalioti,1 Mairi Ziaka,2 Aristomenis Exadaktylos,2 Barbara Fyntanidou1 1Department of Emergency Medicine, AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; 2Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandCorrespondence: Sofia-Chrysovalantou Zagalioti, Email sofia_zag@yahoo.comBackground: Accurate decision-making in triage largely determines the amount of time required for a patient to be evaluated and treated while in the emergency department. Nursing staff worldwide have similar learning characteristics with similar working hours and common goals, despite the fact that different triage scales are used globally. The aim of this mini review is to present the different educational methods and identify the most effective for triage training of triage nurses.Materials and Methods: We screened studies concerning triage education for nurses in Emergency Department, in databases including PubMed, CENTRAL and CINAHL. From November 12, 2023 to February 15, 2024, databases were searched for relevant literature. “Triage education” OR “triage training” AND “emergency nurses” OR “triage nurses” were the MeSH terms.Results: There are various educational methods, including traditional, web-based, audiovisual, simulation-based, blended learning, and other specialized approaches. Almost all of the studies that are currently available demonstrate how effectively an educational intervention might improve nurses’ comprehension of triage. Except for one, every study concluded that the educational intervention significantly improved nurses’ triage knowledge. Comparing the included studies is challenging due to their heterogeneity, and applying the results in practice requires caution.Conclusion: The majority of studies reported that educational interventions effectively increased nurses’ triage knowledge. Blended learning in conjunction with refresher courses enhanced triage-related knowledge and decision-making; however, additional research is required to ascertain whether this approach is superior to the others and whether these improvements will last.Keywords: educational method, emergency department, triage education

Carlos Cabanzo, Favio Cala Vitery, Ingrid Fonseca

This study aims to analyze the influence of the discourse of international organizations on university social responsibility (USR), from international organizations, in the policy and management frameworks of the State University System in Colombia. Then, we reviewed institutional documents of global and regional organizations, as well as educational policy documents from higher education institutions. Using Atlas Ti. 23 software, our findings indicate that universities adopt the models proposed by international organizations with different approaches. The policy and management frameworks, aligned with François Vallaeys’“impact” perspective, emphasize the importance of tangible results. Seven of the universities studied articulate a well-defined USR policy, with most integrating it into extension and outreach processes. We conclude that USR should be related to education, initiative integration, management, research, organizational culture, and management indicators. We recommend further studies on how USR policies are integrated in higher education institutions.

Na Song, Huili Xia, Yaoru Xie et al.

Tyrosol is an important component of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics, and their biosynthetic pathways are currently a hot research topic. d-Erythrose 4-phosphate is a key precursor for the biosynthesis of tyrosol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Hence, the flux of d-Erythrose 4-phosphate determined the yield of tyrosol synthesis. In this study, we first obtained an S. cerevisiae strain S19 with a tyrosol yield of 247.66 mg/L by metabolic engineering strategy. To increase the production of d-Erythrose 4-phosphate, highly active phosphoketolase BA-C was obtained by bioinformatics combined with tyrosol yield assay. The key residue sites 183, 217, and 320 were obtained by molecular docking, kinetic simulation, and tyrosol yield verification. After mutation, the highly efficient phosphoketolase BA-CHis320Met was obtained, with a 37.32 % increase in enzyme activity. The tyrosol production of strain S26 with BA-CHis320Arg increased by 43.05 % than strain S25 with BA-C and increased by 151.19 % compared with the strain S19 without phosphoketolase in a 20 L fermenter. The mining and modification of phosphoketolase will provide strong support for the de novo synthesis of aromatic compounds.

Muslim Abbas Syed, Ahmed Sameer Alnuaimi, Mohamed Ahmed Syed

<h4>Background</h4>Evidence suggests that high level of health literacy among patients is associated with high levels of accessibility to healthcare, better understanding consent-to-treat forms, increased compliance to treatment (particularly in taking medication for longstanding chronic diseases), comprehending general healthcare and improved preventive care and early disease detection, proper use of home medical devices from patients and increased capability of accessing the various channels of health information when required. The proposed study aims to assess and capture preferences and perceptions regarding health literacy of population (registered within primary care clinics in state of Qatar) in context to their general wellbeing (physical and mental health) and management of chronic disease conditions.<h4>Methods</h4>The study design will be mixed methods (include both quantitative and qualitative elements). The HLQ survey will be sent online (text messages) to the population registered with PHCC and to capture service users' perceptions and preferences pertaining to health literacy channels. The qualitative method will be utilized to gain an in-depth understanding of the various health literacy channels, challenges and barriers pertaining to the implementation of the health literacy strategies from both the healthcare provider and service users' perspective. The qualitative analysis will be interpreted utilizing the Socioecological Model (SEM). The REPORT statement will be followed during analysis and writing of the study. For the qualitative component we aim to report the results in accordance with 'Consolidation criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) and 'Standards for reporting qualitative research '(SRQR) guidelines.<h4>Results</h4>The findings (quantitative and qualitative) will be triangulated to design an evidence-based health literacy framework which can be utilized for service design and re-design to deliver optimal patient centered primary health care services within the country & modelled in similar health care settings geographically.<h4>Discussion</h4>Evidence generated from the study can increase health literacy levels among service users by modification of health behavior through effective health education. Moreover, increased health literacy levels and improved self-care can lead to improved compliance with treatment leading to effective management of diseases, particularly long-term chronic diseases which are associated with multi-morbidity, polypharmacy and challenges associated side effects of prescribed medications.

C.W. Chukwu, E. Bonyah, M.L. Juga et al.

Tuberculosis remains one of the most dangerous diseases globally and has affected many people in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper, a fractional stochastic model of tuberculosis disease was formulated and analyzed. The existence and uniqueness of solutions are presented in the new approach far from the deterministic fractional operators. We carry out numerical simulations of the model using three fractional operators. Our numerical results suggest that the Caputo–Fabrizio operator has a more random effect among the three different operators than the Atangana–Baleanu and the Caputo operators. Further, it is envisaged that the fractional-order derivatives significantly impact the dynamics of the disease.

Sylvain Ambayi Bienu, Tolerant K. Lubalega, Damase P. Khasa et al.

Tropical rainforests play an important role in the global Eco-climatic balance and its sustainable management is a major concern that has attracted the attention of researchers. The Luki biosphere reserve, while under a status of protected area, experiences anthropic pressures without spare. In order to control the activities of local populations and particularly to implement the principles of natural resources management enacted by the Man and Biosphere program of the United Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, a zoning plan has been implemented in the Luki biosphere reserve since 1979. The aim of this study was to evaluate the floristic composition, the diversity and structural parameters on floristic groupings of forest tree species in the Luki Biosphere Reserve (LBR) to evaluate whether the implemented zoning has an effect on plant diversity and population structure of forest trees species in the Luki Biosphere Reserve. Floristic data were collected on a set of 15 plots of 1 hectare (ha) each following the management zoning, in which tree species with diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥ 10 cm were measured and identified. Floristic diversity analysis was carried out and the relationship between within plots species richness and physical and chemical properties of soil was established. In total, 6497 individual trees were inventoried belonging to a total of 218 species grouped in 41 families making an average tree density of 433 ± 13 individual per hectare. Two floristic groups emerged from the ordination of species and cluster analysis. Prioria balsamifera and Dialium pachyphyllum were among the most represented and characteristic tree species in the floristics groups. The families Sterculiaceae, Fabaceae, Ebenaceae, Olacaceae, Rubiaceae, Annonaceae, Myristicaceae, Meliaceae and Sapotaceae displayed high values of specific important index. Tree populations from the three zoning displayed an ''inverted J'' shape in an axil distribution of classes of diameters while the horizontal distribution of tree height displayed a bell structure. A significant difference exists in species richness among zones and floristic groupings. The floristics groupings were distributed following the soil texture. This work provides the basic elements for a sustainable management plan adapted with the current zoning plan in the Luki Biosphere Reserve.

Sean M. Noble, Jason D. Saville, Lori L. Foster

Abstract Post-secondary institutions are investing in and utilizing virtual reality (VR) for many educational purposes, including as a discretionary learning tool. Institutions such as vocational schools, community colleges, and universities need to understand what psychological factors drive students’ acceptance of VR for learning in discretionary contexts. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT; Venkatesh et al. in MIS Quarterly 27:425–478, 2003) offers a theoretical framework for understanding students’ receptivity to VR for learning. Undergraduate university students (N = 300) read a description of VR and video training mediums, then indicated which they would choose to learn a novel task. Three psychological variables—performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence—tended to be related to acceptance of VR, which was measured in two ways: (a) rated intentions to use VR and (b) preference for VR over a video-based alternative. Relative weight analyses compared the importance of the three predictors and revealed that performance expectancy tended to be the most influential antecedent of VR acceptance.

Kathleen Santos Basilio, Edwin Roger Esteban Rivera

In Peru and in the world, the inclusion of students with special educational needs, including children with Asperger's syndrome, in regular basic education is advocated; however, this long-awaited inclusion does not have the results due to multiple factors, one of which is the lack of preparation of teachers to practice teaching. With the aim of helping teachers have references to apply them in their professional work, we share the experience of the Education without Limits program aimed at teachers who work with Asperger children. The research was approached with the experimental method and we worked with 29 teachers of the initial level who work in public institutions and who have at least one Asperger student in the class. The observation technique was used and the observation sheet was used to collect data on teaching practice. The processing was carried out with the SPSS 24 statistical program and as a result there is a statistically difference between the observation score before and after the intervention, finding a Student t value t = -17.042 that is lower than t = -1.701, concluding that it is vital to train teachers to contribute to the successful inclusion of Asperger children in regular basic education.

Subhi M. Al-Mtaiwti

A sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrazepam in pure as well as in dosage form is described. The method is based on the reaction of reduced nitrazepam (RNZ) with <em>p-bromanil</em> in the presence of borate buffer solution of pH9 to form a pink color charge transfer(CT) complex of maximum absorption at 340 nm. Under the optimized reaction conditions, Beer’s law correlating the absorbance with nitrazepam concentration was obeyed in the range of 0.8-9.6 μg ml^-1. The molar absorptivity was 1.977<em>×</em>10⁴ L mol<em>⁻</em>¹cm<em>⁻</em>¹. The limits of detection was 0.093μg ml^-1. The accuracy and precision of the method were satisfactory; the average recovery was 102% and values of relative standard deviations better than 1.5 %. The stoichiometry of the reaction was studied, and the reaction mechanism was postulated. The proposed CT complex formation method was successfully applied to the determination of nitrazepam in its pharmaceutical tablet with good accuracy and precision. The results obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by the official method.

Mahdi Ja&#039;afari, Abolfazl Shahabadi

Qardh al-hasan (or benevolent lending known as a form of interest-free loan), is introduced as a good tool to realize the general approach of "prohibition of Riba or usury". Also, the rights and privileges this contract provides to both parties make it attractive both for raising and saving funds and for the supplying of the invested funds; but the lender's complete confidence in the future purchasing power of the borrowed money is one of the key factors in people's decision to invest in Qardh al-hasan deposits, which depends on the quality of the economic environment. This paper examines the determinants of Qardh al-hasane deposits with emphasis on economic security in public and private Iranian banks over the period 1984-2016. The results show that economic security has a positive and significant effect on Qardh al-hasane deposits. Also other variables such as volume of liquidity and Qardh al-hasane deposits and savings have positive and significant effect on Qardh al-hasane deposits, while interest rate of bank deposits has negative and significant effect on Qardh al-hasane deposits.

Marco Danilo Núñez García

El bajo aprendizaje de los estudiantes de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador - Sede Ambato (PUCESA) en el aprendizaje del idioma inglés a niveles técnicos, universitarios radica en que estos no aprenden el idioma con un proceso metodológico adecuado para utilizar con corrección las estructuras gramaticales correctamente, lo cual dificulta su comunicación y el desarrollo de las competencias lingüísticas en el inglés (hablar, escribir, escuchar, leer). Frente a este problema nuestra hipótesis, planteó el uso de los diagramas de Reed-Kellogg como una ayuda didáctica para incrementar el aprendizaje de la gramática y de las competencias comunicativas básicas. El propósito al usar esta estrategia metodológica fue superar el bajo rendimiento gramatical de los estudiantes de los primeros niveles de Inglés en la PUCESA, implementando para ello un proceso didáctico basado en vídeos o diagramas Reed-Kellogg. El uso de estos recursos fue de ayuda para los estudiantes no nativos de inglés para la producción de oraciones sintácticamente bien estructuras. Nuestro enfoque de investigación fue cuantitativo, pues se utilizó un examen diagnóstico para establecer los dominios gramaticales, al inicio de la investigación, con un solo grupo, y al final de la experiencia, para determinar las variaciones en el aprendizaje de la gramática del inglés. Estas herramientas nos permitieron establecer la efectividad y la eficacia del uso de diagramas de Reed-Kellogg. En ese sentido, el estudio se centró inicialmente en la adaptación de esquemas y conceptos Reed-Kellogg a metodologías y estrategias existentes que pueden ser empleadas en pequeños segmentos de tiempo, dentro de los objetivos del plan de estudios, particularmente en la competencia de formación de la oración y la estructura sintáctica, en un semestre académico.

Revista Enseñanza de las Ciencias

Sulthon Sulthon

BUILDING BEHAVIOR AWARENESS OF MADRASA STUDENTS BY STRENGTHENING THE SPIRITUAL VALUES. The age of the students at the madrasa level is in the education age phase where students still have the nature of dependency on the authority of adults in the process of its development. Students as human are essentially have a good nature and always want to do good. However, sometimes they face a variety of challenges and barriers that affect them in behave. Strengthening spiritual values become important in the effort to protect the students’ character towards the formation of positive character. The purpose of this study besides to knowing how to build awareness of the Madrasa Ibtidaiyah students behaved through the inaugural spiritual, as well as to find out the steps in building awareness of the students to behave. Methods in this study focused more on the study of library research where researchers browse some literatures that discuss the consciousness in behave and spiritualism in building awareness of student behavior through spiritualism reinforcement of students in Madrasa Ibtidaiyah. The results of the study leads to a discussion of how student behavior much influenced by the state of one's soul and spirituality.

Elena M. Magwene, Ana R. Quiñones, Gillian L. Marshall et al.

<em>Background</em>. Self-rated health (SRH) shows strong associations with measures of health and well-being. Increasingly, studies have used self-rated mental health (SRMH) as a predictor of various outcomes, independently or together with SRH. Research has not firmly established if and how these two constructs differ. We sought to characterize the relationship between SRH and SRMH, and to determine how this relationship differed across subgroups defined by sociodemographic and health-related characteristics.<br /><em>Design and methods.</em> We analyzed data from the 2012 CAHPS Medicare Advantage Survey. SRH and SRMH ratings were crosstabulated to determine the distribution of responses across response categories. The expected joint probability distribution was computed and compared to the observed distribution. A constructed variable indicated whether SRMH was better, the same, or worse than SRH. We analyzed the distribution of this variable across various subgroups defined by sociodemographic and health-related factors. <br /><em>Results</em>. A total of 114,905 Medicare Advantage beneficiaries responded to both the SRH and SRMH questions. Both in general and within all subgroups, SRMH was usually rated as better than SRH, and rarely as worse. <br /><em>Conclusions</em>. Within a large group of Medicare recipients, the overwhelming trend was for recipients to rate their mental health as at least as good as their overall health, regardless of any sociodemographic and health-related factors. This finding of a shifted distribution encourages caution in the analytic use of selfrated mental health, particularly the use of both SRH and SRMH for adjustment. Additional research is needed to help clarify the complex relationship between these variables.

Gunnar J. Gunnarsson, Gunnar E. Finnbogason, Hanna Ragnarsdóttir et al.

This article introduces initial findings from a study on young people‘s (18 years and older) life views and life values in Iceland. The research project is located within a broad theoretical framework and uses interdisciplinary approaches of religious education, multicultural studies and pedagogy. Methodological approaches are both quantitative and qualitative. The first part of the research is a survey which was conducted among altogether 904 students in seven upper secondary schools in the Reykjavík area and other areas of Iceland in 2011 and 2012. In addition to covering measures of background variables and religious affiliations, statements in the survey included themes such as views of life, self-understanding, relation to others, values and value judgments, religions, and diversity and social change. The article focuses especially on findings from the survey related to friendship, attitudes towards diversity, fear and insecurity in a multicultural society. The findings indicate that the participants generally have positive attitudes towards diversity. The majority of participants find it inspiring to have friends of different origins and find it important to respect different cultural and religious traditions. The majority of participants also have strong opinions against racism and bullying. Friends are important and most of the participants are of the opinion that friends are one of the things that provide security. At the same time only a minority is afraid of being unpopular, losing the confidence of their friends or being bullied. But when the fear is about disgracing oneself or about not being able to meet the requirements at school the proportion is higher. Although the economic crisis in Iceland seems to have an effect on the life of the young people answering the survey, most of them are of the opinion that the future holds a lot of opportunities. The results are useful for further discussions on young people´s life views, self-understanding, and social and moral competence, for example in school context and in connection with subjects like Social Studies, Religious Education, Life Skills Education and Intercultural Education.

Iris Mae Yob

This review of recent literature examines the research on the impact of service-learning on student retention.  The theoretical framework of the review draws on both Tinto’s model of student attrition and Knowles’s theory of adult learning, which together suggest that academic and social integration, active participation and engagement in learning, and application and relevancy of the subject-matter under study are key factors in student success. The role of these factors has been confirmed in a growing body of research around learning experiences in general and, as this review shows, particularly in service-learning experiences. Suggestions are made for how future research might expand and critically deepen this evidence and offers some implications for service-learning as a means of improving student retention. DOI: 10.18870/hlrc.v4i2.177

César Daniel Vargas Díaz

En el presente artículo se desarrolla la importancia e impacto de las TIC y especialmente de la Internet, en los Gobiernos Electrónicos o e-Gobiernos, se revisan las distintas definiciones y concepciones de e-Gobierno que se han identificado en la literatura, y se definen tanto los objetivos, funciones y dimensiones de la e-gobierno, como los aspectos que giran en torno a él.

Alexander Reilly

Indigenous land laws, Indigenous perspectives on Anglo-Australian property law and native title are often taught as optional or even irrelevant to real property in Australian law schools. Conventional pedagogical choices in many property law courses maintain this perspective through a restrictive curriculum schedule; through the limited provision of information about these matters in course readings; by neglecting the significance of language to property law generally and specifically to the historical development of property in Australian within the context of colonisation. In so doing, many property law courses diminish the radicalism and opportunity that Indigenous land laws offer the Anglo-Australian system of rights-based property which abstracts ownership from responsibility to land and water resources. This article suggests a pedagogical approach that is more inclusive of Indigenous laws and Indigenous perspectives on the Anglo-Australian law of real property.

Yves Lenoir

This article presents a synthesis of different research projects that have been carried out inthe province of Quebec, Canada over the past 20 years concerning the representations and practices ofelementary teachers regarding the relative importance given to subject matter and the use ofinterdisciplinarity in their teaching practice. The first section will explain the context of the Quebecschool system on a socio-historical and political level and review the emergence of the concept ofinterdisciplinarity in Quebec. The second section will present succinctly the different research projectsthat have been conducted since 1980 and the conceptual framework they were based on. The thirdsection will consider the main results of the various research projects from two angles: first, therepresentations and practices of the teachers regarding interdisciplinarity; secondly, the relativeimportance and role that the teachers give to interdisciplinarity. In the conclusion, we will highlightamong other things the central position teachers give to the role of socialization and their minimalconsideration for the teaching of disciplinary knowledge.

Ovidio Delgado Mahecha

En Colombia la geografía es más conocida como asignatura escolar que como disciplina científica. La gran mayoría de los colombianos tiene de la geografía la concepción aprendida en su tránsito por la escuela primaria y secundaria, que la considera no como una ciencia, sino como una cualidad de las regiones; como-el conjunto de las condiciones físicas de las mismas (relieve, clima, hidrografía, etc.) que les dan identidad y que explican por sí mismas las desigualdades regionales en sus aspectos humanos. Tal enfoque de la enseñanza coincide con los postulados básicos del determinismo geográfico que son muy frecuentes en los libros de texto. El presente ensayo pretende: 1. Detectar las relaciones existentes entre el determinismo geográfico y los contenidos de la enseñanza de la geografía en Colombia. 2. Identificar la presencia de postulados deterministas en textos escolares empleados para la enseñanza de la geografía. 3. Establecer las tendencias de permanencia o de cambio de las ideas del determinismo geográfico en la enseñanza de la geografía en Colombia.