Hasil untuk "Commercial geography. Economic geography"

VĂDUVA CECILIA ELENA

The digital transformation of markets has led to the emergence of platform-based economic models (Uber, Airbnb, Glovo), in which algorithms determine the prices of services in real time. This study investigates the impact of dynamic pricing on imperfect competition between service providers, analyzing how automatic price adjustments can favor market concentration and influence the behavior of participants. The research uses secondary data from urban transport and housing rental markets, analyzed through econometric models inspired by Bertrand and Cournot theories, adapted to the digital context. The expected results indicate a trend of tacit algorithmic coordination and reduced competitive elasticity, with significant implications for regulatory policies in digital markets.

Timothy R. Wojan, Luyi Han, Zheng Tian et al.

Abstract Described as a mediation between people and technology, design is critical to innovative entrepreneurship but has been ignored in innovation research. The rigorous study of design has suffered from an inability to differentiate firms that approach design as ad hoc from those approaching design as a structured, creative process. This research uses newly available data from the 2022 Annual Business Survey Design Module categorizing 4 different approaches to design. These data allow us to examine the link between design and innovation with a focus on businesses in nonmetropolitan counties that challenges conventional wisdom that design is overwhelmingly an urban phenomenon.

Khaula Alkaabi, Salieu Senghore

Abstract This research aims to explore the interplay among entrepreneurial education, role models, and gender on students' entrepreneurial competence and mindset. Using purposive sampling, 306 participants enrolled in entrepreneurship and innovation-related courses at UAEU completed an online survey. The research used statistical analyses, including Spearman's Rank Correlations, Cramer's V correlation, Mann–Whitney U, and multiple linear regression, to explore variable relationships. Findings indicate that access to entrepreneurial role models is associated with higher competence, emphasizing resource mobilization and fostering a growth mindset. Active engagement in entrepreneurship courses correlates with enhanced innovative thinking and networking. Despite gender-based disparities, statistical analysis indicates minimal impact on students' ability to generate novel business ideas. This study contributes insights to entrepreneurship education literature, offering practical implications for educators and institutions.

OBRADOVIĆ SUZANA LOVIĆ , MATOVIĆ STEFANA , STEVANOVIĆ MARIJA

act Considering the increase in traffic accidents in Serbia the new measures to increase traffic safety are required. This research examines different age-gender categories of drivers involved in traffic incidents between 2016 and 2021. Findings revealed that the majority of traffic accidents in the research period occurred in the afternoon hours. The identification of the primary risk factors indicated as the cause of traffic accidents received special emphasis. Thus, among the groups of factors, taking reckless actions by the drivers and incorrect execution of traffic actions by the driver are leading, especially for the youngest and oldest categories of drivers. Driving under the influence of alcohol is the most significant individual risk factor for all gender-age categories of drivers, particularly for the youngest drivers. The findings can be used as guidelines for developing targeted policies aiming at reduce the frequency of traffic accidents and raise the degree of protection for road users.

CĂRUNTU GENU ALEXANDRU, POPESCU ALIN MIHAI

The road to entrepreneurship is sometimes a bumpy one, full of unexpected detours, obstacles and dead ends. There have been cases where after many sleepless nights, plans didn't work out, funding didn't materialise and customers never materialised. Starting a business is so difficult that one might question why anyone would want to embark on such a path. Despite these difficulties, thousands of people embark on the entrepreneurial journey every day, determined to realise their vision and meet the needs of society. They open concrete businesses, launch technology startups or turn ideas into new products or services. So if there is the right motivation and inspiration, and the right game plan, then anyone can become a successful entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs identify a need that cannot be met by existing businesses and determine a solution to that need. Entrepreneurship involves developing and starting a new business and implementing a business marketing plan, often with the ultimate goal of selling the business for profit.

Youcef Abdellaoui

This research paper aims at taking knowledge of the role of the university incubators in framing and accompaying competencies in order to create startups furthermore,to shade light on services offered for the incubated students through m'sila incubators,in its capacity as the most dynamic incubator at the national level ,some of the most important of its activites and the different patents and label certaficates have been highlighted . Among the most important results of the studies, the experience of the m'sila incubator was obviously very successful, the fact that its director was nomineted at the top of the national coordination commitee to follow UP inovation and university incubators where this commitee was founded in sptember 27th, 2022and which ensures the implentation of the ministeriel decesion12/75.

HALIL D. KAYA

This study examines how the depth of the financial system around the world have changed before, during, and after the 2008 Global Crisis. In total, we examine nine variables related to the depth of the financial system. Two of these variables are related to the depth of the stock market, four of them are related to outstanding amounts of public and private debt, one variable is related to the amount of international debt offerings, and four variables are related to the amount of equity and debt instruments in portfolios. When we examine the year preceding the crisis, we find that two of the variables had changed significantly. These are the “stock market capitalization” and the “stock market total value traded” variables. Both of these variables had gone up significantly before the crisis. We do not see any significant change in the other nine variables. When we examine the crisis period, we find that the “stock market capitalization” started to go down and also the “gross portfolio equity liabilities” went down significantly. None of the other variables had changed during the crisis period. Finally, when we examine the year following the crisis, we find that “stock market capitalization” went down significantly. None of the other variables had changed significantly during the year following the crisis. Policymakers can use these findings to evaluate the chances of a new crisis happening and also to take precautions beforehand.

Milyausha Lukyanova, Vitaliy Kovshov, Zariya Zalilova et al.

Abstract The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal volume of fodder and grain-fodder crops of appropriate quality to meet the needs of the livestock industry using a systemic comparative economic approach. For the economic assessment of crops for fodder purposes, a systemic comparative economic approach to their production efficiency has been developed. Accounting was carried out according to the three most important indicators in fodder units: quantitative indicators—productivity per hectare of sowing, qualitative—the content of vegetable protein and cost—the production cost. Oats were taken as the primary culture. Their comparison made it possible to determine economically interrelated partial indices, which are reduced to the index of the systemic comparative economic approach, which contributes to optimizing the structure of the cultivated areas of these crops. This technique allows to determine each forage crop’s location in each farm or region’s conditions, analyzing the real situation and assessing the prospects for the development of production. The optimal structure of sown areas for grain-fodder and fodder crops, focused on the cultivation of high-protein crops, for the enterprises of the Northern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan is proposed. Due to a change in sown areas’ structure, the gross harvest increases by 8%, digestible protein by 2%, and reduced production costs by 48%.

CRISTEA LOREDANA ANDREEA, VODĂ ALINA DANIELA, UNGUREANU DRAGOȘ MIHAI

In the present research the fiscal system is approached from the perspective of its resemblance to a tree, whose photosynthesis is influenced by the way in which its components interact and develop, as well as according to the relationship of the fiscal system with the elements of the external environment and fiscal policy objectives. The main purpose of this study, which aims to be achieved, is to introduce, for the first time in the literature the concept of tax culture, as an indispensable component of the fiscal system and to highlight the importance and interdependence between it and the elements constituents of the fiscal system. This qualitative research is divided into five sections, which have the role of achieving the main goal, and the research methodology involves the study of literature and finally we can offer our own conclusions, designed to bring pluses in knowledge. The results of the research show that, on the one hand, the tax culture refers to the education of the taxpayer through specific programs, in terms of compliance with payment, and, on the other hand, the development of national culture also refers to a metamorphosis of tax administrations, because they play an important role in modern fiscal systems. The development of a fiscal system that serves the economy also requires efforts to create a national tax culture that, in the long run, can have a significant impact on both government revenues and also on the growth and development of a stable state-citizen relationship. This research strengthens the idea that the development of the national tax culture, as an element of the fiscal system, is an important step in achieving fiscal policy objectives.

Gabriella VINDIGNI, Giuseppina CARRÀ, Iuri PERI et al.

Collective action by farmers including the development of cooperatives is regarded as one of solutions to overcome low productivity. This study investigates the impact of agricultural cooperative on technical efficiency (TE) and total factor productivity (TFP) of olive farms in the West Bank of Palestine. Using cross-section data of olive-growing farms in Jenin governorate, we estimated a stochastic frontier production function with inefficiency components. TFP was also estimated by residual approach. We employed propensity score matching to reduce self-selection bias in becoming a member of the cooperative. Results suggest that cooperative membership has a positive impact on TE and TFP, as joining a cooperative raises the TE by 10.16 to 10.52 percentage points. We interpret access to credits, land and productive olive seedlings, and extension services provided by cooperatives are possible pathways that affect TE and TFP. Due to the existence of huge inefficiency and low land productivity of olive farms in Jenin, we imply participation in cooperatives is an effective strategy for them to catch up with productive farms in the Mediterranean region.

BABUCEA ANA-GABRIELA, RĂBONȚU CECILIA-IRINA

The past months marked by the COVID-19 pandemic experiences proved to enterprises how important is their digitization, not only for improving their economic performance or accessing new digital markets but mostly for their future existence. The digitalization proved that it is no longer just an option. Managers, employers and employees, or even simple citizens understood that the digital revolution and digital technologies are already changing the interaction, communication, products and services consuming mode, our work, as a necessity. Anyway, in recent years, under a continuous change of market conditions, many organizations, specifically business, abandoned their traditional way of managing by adopting the new emerging Internet technologies and using information technologybased solutions. One of the first steps in transformation must be the usage of integrated software applications and integrated systems that combine the business management activities with digital technology, and whereby the various business processes (internal or external) are integrated into the computer system to achieve their specific business goals. Based on available data from the Eurostat online database, this paper aims to identify the groups of countries, European member states (excepting the United Kingdom), with similar (close) characteristics regarding the use of software solutions like Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in 2019 by conducting an agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis. To classify the 27 countries into homogeneous groups in order to identify countries' disparities based on the clustering variables considered, was applied the hierarchical cluster procedure performed with IBM SPSS. In essence, the aim is to identify the relevant clusters, which assume the proximity (similarity) of countries regarding the CRM software-solutions usage by the enterprises as a part of the internal integration processes of their IT systems.

Abdelkader AOUADI, Ahmed BENKHALIFA, Mustapha AOUADI

خلصت هذه الدراسة الى التعرف على رأس المال الفكري والدور الذي يلعبه في تعزيز جودة المنظمة، ولتحقيق ذلك قام الباحثين بتصميم استبانة لجمع البيانات والمعلومات من أفردا العينة المبحوثة وتحليلها باستخدام برنامج SPSS وتوصلت الدراسة بعد اختبار فرضياتها الى وجود تأثير مباشر بين تعزيز جودة الاداء وبين تراكم رأس المال الفكري والذي بدوره يؤثر تراكم رأس المال الفكري تأثر ايجابي ومباشر على الأداء الجيد للمنظمة، وتوصي الدراسة بضرورة اهتمام قيادات المستشفيات بإدارة المعارف الطبية التي يمتلكها الافراد العاملون بمختلف صفاتهم، إذ أنها تمثل رأس المال الفكري تمتلكها المستشفيات المبحوثة، والعمل على الاهتمام بالعميل الداخلي للمستشفى إذ أنه هو في النهاية الذي يمتلك القدرة على التعلم من تجاربه بالمستشفى وهو الذي تتراكم عنده المعرفة ليعمل على نشرها في كافة أنحاء المستشفى للتعزيز من جودة أداء المؤسسات والرفع من مستوى الاداء الجيد والرضا لدى المرضى والعملاء.  In this study, researchers designed a questionnaire to collect data and information from the sample of the sample and analyze it using the SPSS program. After studying its hypotheses, the researchers concluded that there is a direct effect between enhancing the quality of performance and between The accumulation of intellectual capital, which in turn affects the accumulation of intellectual capital has a positive and direct impact on the good performance organization, and recommends the study of the need for hospital leaders to manage the medical knowledge management owned by individuals working in various characteristics, as they represent intellectual capital It is the hospital that has accumulated the knowledge to spread throughout the hospital to enhance the quality of the performance of the institutions and raise the level of good performance and satisfaction in patients.

Ibrahim Mike Okumu, Faisal Buyinza

Abstract Using the 2013 World Bank Enterprise Survey data for Uganda, this paper employs the quintile estimation technique to explain the relationship between labour productivity and innovation among SMEs. Innovation involves the introduction of a new or significantly improved production process, product, marketing technique or organisational structure. Our results indicate that the relationship between labour productivity and a firm engaging in any form of innovation is neutral. However, there is evidence of complementarity among product, process, marketing and organisational innovation. Specifically, there is a positive association between labour productivity and innovation when a firm engages in all the four innovation types. Even then, the complementarity effect turns out weakly positive with incidences of negative relationship when using any combination of innovations that are less than the four types of innovations. Our results suggest that efforts to incentivise innovation should be inclusive enough to induce all the four forms of innovation.

ENEA CONSTANTIN, ENEA CONSTANŢA

The goal of any institution is to have a management that would implement public policies, programs and projects aimed at fulfilling the mission of the institution and the objectives of the government, through the rational use of resources (often limited) and at the same time to satisfy stakeholders. Implement a system of internal control has emerged as a necessity from globalization and liberalization of financial markets, free movement of capital, information, people and goods through the application of internationally recognized standards and to be understood in a uniform manner. The research was focused on the one hand, the literature review Romanian and foreign legislation and internal control management system, providing a theoretical and practical approach, but on the other hand, we considered appropriate to perform a research on the application of internal control management system in member states of the European Union.

BUICLI OLGA

In this article are presented the aspects and the defining conceptions of the human resources management, their importance but also the necessity of some major changes in this domain from the autochthonous organisations. In this context, we are aiming to enhance economic efficiency of the companies from the Republic of Moldova by the help of the improvement of the human resources management. Elements, pecualiarities, definition and evolution of the concept human resources management are presented in the vision of different authors. In case of the organizations from the Republic of Moldova the modernization of the old habits dominated by the authorities, the absence of a professional approach of the human resources, represents a significant change, which must be fulfilled and which led to the necessity of the approach of this problem. In conclusion the potential of the human resources and implicitly of the management of the human resources are emphsized by the help of scientifical arguments, as also the proposals, which would contribute to the improvement of the situation in this domain of activity

RADULESCU IRINA GABRIELA

The offshore activity provides benefits for the host market and has positive effects on services, and on producers that use intermediate services. FDI in services has an important impact on the offshore activity, especially through transfer of technology. Many transnational companies have recognized the advantages of offshoring and the fact that it becomes a key globalization force. Recently, the Central European countries have become popular destinations among offshoring

RODICA-MANUELA GOGONEA

Following the global economic crisis, sustainable development of tourism in Romania, is still one of the main drivers of economic recovery mechanism. Treated in an integrating vision, sustainable tourism includes a wide range of matters affecting mountain tourism a basic shape of this area of activity. The study highlights the level of development and place of mountain tourism, among other forms of Romanian tourism through evolutionary and structural analysis of the number of structures for tourist arrivals and overnight stays within them. Purposes of determining aspects of mountain tourism development are aiming to detect its impact on sustainable development. However, the overall image of the development of mountain tourism has created the premises for the adoption of strategies for sustainable development of tourism in Romania

František Freiberg, David Michálek, Marek Nemec et al.

This article is about a questionnaire survey regarding the level of product lifecycle management in manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic. Based on the research available from foreign and domestic literature, a questionnaire survey was compiled and carried out with the purpose of applying the methods used in the life cycle management in selected areas: maintenance, information systems and the cost of the product lifecycle. The survey is carried out through a printed as well as an electronic questionnaire with additional structured interviews in selected manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic and Romania.

David Newhouse

Wanda Wuttunee