Hasil untuk "The family. Marriage. Woman"

María Montserrat Canto Cortés, Leticia Janet Paredes Guerrero, Rocío Ivonne Quintal López

El objetivo es caracterizar los tendederos de denuncia de violencia de género realizados por activistas universitarias de la UADY entre el 2018 y 2023. Estudio descriptivo, no experimental, longitudinal de tendencia. Se registraron 14 movilizaciones de activistas universitarias para la realización de tendederos, 71.4% con colectivas y 28.6% sin colectivas. Se realizaron 29 tendederos, 86.2% con colectivas y 13.8% sin colectivas, 62.1% fue en modalidad presencial y 37.9% en modalidad virtual. La evolución de la frecuencia de tendederos mostró un incremento gradual desde su surgimiento en 2018. En el 2020 fue el apogeo, en 2021 un fuerte descenso que se mantuvo hasta 2022 y vuelve a incrementarse en 2023. Se registraron 1,341 denuncias, predominó el contenido de relatos de la violencia acompañada del nombre del agresor y frases. Los tipos de violencia más denunciadas fueron la violencia sexual (48.7%) y psicológica (48.7%). La modalidad predominante fue la violencia escolar (54%). El 97.3% de la violencia fue ejercida por hombres. En el 67% de las denuncias la violencia fue ejercida por estudiantes. Las limitaciones del estudio tienen que ver con las características y contenidos de los tendederos. El principal hallazgo es el análisis de la cronología y frecuencia del activismo, de los tenederos y de las denuncias, que reflejan la necesidad de implementar acciones de resistencia y lucha contra la violencia en los espacios universitarios. Los resultados generados permiten orientar el diseño de estrategias pertinentes para la prevención, atención y erradicación de la violencia de género desde los espacios universitarios.

Ján Mišovič

Review of book Buxton, R., Whiting, L. 2022. Královny filosofie. Život a odkazy nedoceněných žen filosofie.

Manal Othman Al-Smadi, Suhaila Mahmoud Banat, Wafa’ Younes Sarhan

The current study aimed to identify the relationships among family climate characteristics and psychological resilience among (female) counselling students at one university in Jordan. A family climate scale and a psychological resilience scale were administered to a sample of 157 students. Results indicated high levels of both positive family climate and psychological resilience, with no differences in family climate shown due to the variables of birth order or academic year. Differences appeared in psychological resilience according to the birth order variable in favour of the eldest girl in the family, and according to the academic year variable and in favour of the fourth-year students. Positive family climate was positively correlated with psychological resilience.”

Rui Shi, Michael K. Brewer, Carol Yan Yan Chan et al.

Front-end polarization modulation enables improved polarization measurement stability by modulating the targeted signal above the low-frequency $1/f$ drifts associated with atmospheric and instrumental instabilities and diminishes the impact of instrumental polarization. In this work, we present the design and characterization of a new 60-cm diameter Reflective Half-Wave Plate (RHWP) polarization modulator for the 90 GHz band telescope of the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) project. The RHWP consists of an array of parallel wires (diameter $50~\mathrm{μm}$, $175~\mathrm{μm}$ pitch) positioned $0.88~\mathrm{mm}$ from an aluminum mirror. In lab tests, it was confirmed that the wire resonance frequency ($f_\mathrm{res}$) profile is consistent with the target, $139~\mathrm{Hz}<f_\mathrm{res}<154~\mathrm{Hz}$ in the optically active region (diameter smaller than $150~\mathrm{mm}$), preventing the wire vibration during operation and reducing the RHWP deformation under the wire tension. The mirror tilt relative to the rotating axis was controlled to be $<15''$, corresponding to an increase in beam width due to beam smearing of $<0.6''$, negligible compared to the beam's full-width half-maximum of $36'$. The median and 16/84th percentile of the wire--mirror separation residual was $0.048^{+0.013}_{-0.014}~\mathrm{mm}$ in the optically active region, achieving a modulation efficiency $ε=96.2_{+0.5}^{-0.4}\%$ with an estimated bandpass of 34 GHz. The angular velocity of the RHWP was maintained to an accuracy of within $0.005\%$ at the nominal rotation frequency ($2.5~\mathrm{Hz}$). The RHWP has been successfully integrated into the CLASS 90 GHz telescope and started taking data in June 2024, replacing the previous modulator that has been in operation since June 2018.

Mathilde Turcotte, Nadine Lanctôt

A number of studies have found that adolescents in foster care expect and perceive stigma related to their “foster care youth” status. Yet, little is known about how this perceived stigma manifests, as well as how youth manage it. The current study therefore aimed to explore how young women with a history in foster care integrate these experiences into their life stories. The focus is on discursive manifestations of stigma in participants’ narratives about placement in foster care, their own perceptions of care-experienced girls and women, as well as how they self-present. Special attention is also given to the ways in which youth try to reduce, deflect, or eliminate stigma. The present study draws on semi-structured interviews conducted with a sample of 20 young women with a history in foster care. Our findings suggest that participants do anticipate and perceive public stigma in relation to their history in foster care. The results also highlight the various strategies used by participants to resist self-stigmatization. The main strategy used was to distance themselves from their “foster care youth” status, insisting that they should never have been placed in foster care and that they are not faring badly as adults, unlike typical care-experienced youth.

Caroline Farias Alves

Andrzej Pelc

Graph exploration is one of the fundamental tasks performed by a mobile agent in a graph. An $n$-node graph has unlabeled nodes, and all ports at any node of degree $d$ are arbitrarily numbered $0,\dots, d-1$. A mobile agent, initially situated at some starting node $v$, has to visit all nodes of the graph and stop. In the absence of any initial knowledge of the graph the task of deterministic exploration is often impossible. On the other hand, for some families of graphs it is possible to design deterministic exploration algorithms working for any graph of the family. We call such families of graphs {\em explorable}. Examples of explorable families are all finite families of graphs, as well as the family of all trees. In this paper we study the problem of which families of graphs are explorable. We characterize all such families, and then ask the question whether there exists a universal deterministic algorithm that, given an explorable family of graphs, explores any graph of this family, without knowing which graph of the family is being explored. The answer to this question turns out to depend on how the explorable family is given to the hypothetical universal algorithm. If the algorithm can get the answer to any yes/no question about the family, then such a universal algorithm can be constructed. If, on the other hand, the algorithm can be only given an algorithmic description of the input explorable family, then such a universal deterministic algorithm does not exist.

Ridwan Angga Januario, Fadil Sj, Moh. Thoriquddin

Abstract: Marriage is a sacred event experienced by a man and a woman. According to the marriage, there is inner and outer peace, but looking at the historical facts, especially in the pre-Islamic era, women did not get a favorable position at that time. Which is influenced by the socio-cultural society that adheres to a patriarchal system. So, that men monopolize all matters related to family matters. This results in inequality in social life. The existence of a marriage tradition rooted in the patriarchal system, resulted in the marriage being like a sale and purchase contract, where women became the object of merchandise. From the results of the study it was found that in the pre-Islamic era, the nature of marriage was something that was natural and cultural. Meanwhile, the purpose of marriage is only to obtain offspring and satisfy lust. As long as for the Islamic era, the nature of marriage is something that is instinctive and the law is regulated by religion. With the result that marriage is intended to worship, find happiness, produce offspring, and vent lust.Keywords:  Marriage; Pre-Islamic; Early Islam.Abstrak: Pernikahan merupakan suatu peristiwa sakral yang dialami oleh pasangan pria dan wanita. Yang mana dengan adanya pernikahan tersebut, maka diperoleh ketenteraman lahir dan batin, Namun melihat fakta sejarah yang ada, terlebih di era pra Islam, maka perempuan tidaklah mendapatkan posisi yang menguntungkan kala itu. Yang mana hal tersebut terpengaruh oleh sosio kultural masyarakat yang menganut sistem patriarki. Sehingga pria memonopoli segala urusan terkait dengan masalah keluarga. Hal ini mengakibatkan adanya ketidaksetaraan di dalam kehidupan sosial bermasyarakat. Adanya tradisi perkawinan yang mengakar pada sistem patriarki, mengakibatkan pernikahan tersebut tak ubahnya sebagai kontrak jual beli, di mana wanita menjadi obyek barang dagangan. Dari hasil penelitian didapati bahwa pada era pra-Islam, hakikat pernikahan adalah sesuatu yang sifatnya alamiah dan kultural. Sedangkan tujuan pernikahan hanya semata untuk memperoleh keturunan dan memuaskan syahwat. Adapun pada masa Islam, hakikat pernikahan adalah sesuatu yang sifatnya naluriah dan hukum yang diatur oleh agama. Sedangkan pernikahan ditujukan untuk beribadah, mendapatkan kebahagiaan, memperoleh keturunan, dan melampiaskan syahwat.Kata Kunci: Pernikahan; Pra Islam; Awal Islam.

Ryan Thompson, Catherine S. Forbes, Steven N. MacEachern et al.

Statistical hypotheses are translations of scientific hypotheses into statements about one or more distributions, often concerning their centre. Tests that assess statistical hypotheses of centre implicitly assume a specific centre, e.g., the mean or median. Yet, scientific hypotheses do not always specify a particular centre. This ambiguity leaves the possibility for a gap between scientific theory and statistical practice that can lead to rejection of a true null. In the face of replicability crises in many scientific disciplines, significant results of this kind are concerning. Rather than testing a single centre, this paper proposes testing a family of plausible centres, such as that induced by the Huber loss function (the Huber family). Each centre in the family generates a testing problem, and the resulting family of hypotheses constitutes a familial hypothesis. A Bayesian nonparametric procedure is devised to test familial hypotheses, enabled by a novel pathwise optimization routine to fit the Huber family. The favourable properties of the new test are demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. Two examples from psychology serve as real-world case studies.

Joshua Celeste

We consider a generalisation of the Seiberg-Witten invariant to the families Seiberg-Witten invariants of a smooth family of 4-manifolds with fibres diffeomorphic to a 4-manifold $X$. Of particular interest is the special case when the family has a smoothly varying Kähler structure. We obtain a general computation of the invariants when $b_1=0$ in terms of characteristic classes of some vector bundles corresponding to the cohomology groups of holomorphic line bundles of the family. Finally, we apply the formula to some examples of Kähler families where some more further explicit computations can be made. We consider a family of $\mathbb{CP}^2$'s obtained from the projectivisation of a rank 3 complex vector bundle, a family of $\mathbb{CP}^1\times\mathbb{CP}^1$'s obtained as the fibre product of the projectivisation of two rank 2 complex vector bundles and a family with fibres being the blowup of a Kähler surface at a point known as the universal blowup family.

Julio César Díaz Calderón

Este artículo de escritura creativa se propone introducir una ética de amor a partir de textos estéticos amorosos. Esta est-ética se presenta como una alternativa y como un complemento a teorías/narrativas interseccionales e interpretivistas que se desarrollaron en las Relaciones Internacionales y los Estudios Queer, para analizar las políticas sobre sexualidad y género. Metodológicamente este artículo construye su análisis (teórico) en cuatro secciones: una narrativa de algunos de los debates queer y feministas interseccionales dominantes sobre política en México y en Estados Unidos. Dos intervenciones estéticas autoetnográficas (una narrativa y una poética) con el objetivo de desarrollar el concepto de trauma en la (teoría) política internacional. Una incorporación de postales amorosas como alternativas estéticas al trauma. Y, por último, una narrativa reflexiva sobre construcciones éticas de acción política a partir de los fragmentos estéticos.

Anna María Fernández Poncela

El objetivo de este texto es un recorrido emocional en tiempos de pandemia a través de la narración de un grupo de estudiantes universitarios. Se parte, en primer lugar, de la importancia de la narrativa como expresión social y práctica terapéutica. Así como, en segundo lugar, de la importancia de las emociones en momentos de amenazas, cambios e incertidumbres, y de su expresión que alivia. Con estas dos premisas se solicitaron relatos sobre los sentimientos vividos en el contexto de la pandemia en la primavera del año 2020. Se conjuga investigación con práctica social, se salva el distanciamiento físico y se propicia la introspección, reflexión y expresión emocional. Los resultados de este ejercicio escritural emocional, remarcan los beneficios de la narración, y se comprueba el clima emocional en tiempos de cambio, dominado por el miedo, el enojo y la tristeza, además del estrés, la ansiedad y la tensión, vividos por la situación de la alerta sanitaria y las medidas de confinamiento.

María Victoria Seca

The Social Sciences have a wide development of youth studies, especially from sociology. In Argentina, the return of democracy was presented as a turning point for its growth. a multicoloured universe of perspectives and approaches of the youth was shaped. A consensus was generated on the need not to speak of youth in the singular, with a homogeneous character, but to speak of youth – in the plural – because they are diverse, heterogeneous and in permanent construction. The questions guiding the article are: How do we make gender relations visible in our research? How do we access and understand youth voices and experiences without the lens of the adult world? A reflection is proposed based on the research experience and on those theoretical developments that are currently available. It is expected that this work will be an input for the production of critical views in the theoretical approach of youth in Latin America.

Valeria LLobet

Partindo da uma leitura feminista do desenvolvimento da proteção da infância, o presente artigo busca proporcionar a historização dos debates contemporâneos que fazem dos direitos das crianças um dos instrumentos privilegiados para disputar as batalhas pelo controle dos corpos e da sexualidade das mulheres na Argentina. Para isto, analiso a inscrição da proteção da infância em três contextos (a emergência do estado social argentino, os debates pan-americanos sobre a proteção da infância, e o contexto global de emergência dos direitos da criança) e à luz de dois debates atuais, a gravidez forçada de meninas e a adoção por parte de casais homossexuais.

Kenan Doğan, Murat Şahin, Oğuz Yayla

In this paper we study pseudorandomness of a family of sequences in terms of two measures, the family complexity ($f$-complexity) and the cross-correlation measure of order $\ell$. We consider sequences not only on binary alphabet but also on $k$-symbols ($k$-ary) alphabet. We first generalize some known methods on construction of the family of binary pseudorandom sequences. We prove a bound on the $f$-complexity of a large family of binary sequences of Legendre-symbols of certain irreducible polynomials. We show that this family as well as its dual family have both a large family complexity and a small cross-correlation measure up to a rather large order. Next, we present another family of binary sequences having high $f$-complexity and low cross-correlation measure. Then we extend the results to the family of sequences on $k$-symbols alphabet.

Stanley F. Dermott, Apostolos A. Christou, Dan Li et al.

All asteroids are currently classified as either family, originating from the disruption of known bodies, or non-family. An outstanding question is the origin of these non-family asteroids. Were they formed individually, or as members of known families but with chaotically evolving orbits, or are they members of old ghost families, that is, asteroids with a common parent body but with orbits that no longer cluster in orbital element space? Here, we show that the sizes of the non-family asteroids in the inner belt are correlated with their orbital eccentricities and anticorrelated with their inclinations, suggesting that both non-family and family asteroids originate from a small number of large primordial planetesimals. We estimate that ~85% of the asteroids in the inner main belt originate from the Flora, Vesta, Nysa, Polana and Eulalia families, with the remaining ~15% originating from either the same families or, more likely, a few ghost families. These new results imply that we must seek explanations for the differing characteristics of the various meteorite groups in the evolutionary histories of a few, large, precursor bodies. Our findings also support the model that asteroids formed big through the gravitational collapse of material in a protoplanetary disk.

Mónica Hurtado, Catherine Pereira-Villa

Resumen Este artículo analiza la trata de personas, como una forma de inserción laboral de población migrante y no solo como un tema de crimen organizado o derechos humanos. A la luz de casos de trata transnacional en América Latina, Europa y África analizamos la trayectoria de las personas que resultaron en esta situación: la forma como entraron y salieron, el trato que recibieron y la agencia que ejercieron bajos estas condiciones. Encontramos que la trata se reproduce y crece no tanto por la sofisticación de las redes criminales, sino por la desigualdad socioeconómica y la agencia que ejercen las víctimas bajo estas condiciones. Concluimos que diferentes tipos de trata implican diferentes formas de inserción laboral, y en ese sentido, el Estado debe luchar contra este comercio ilícito no solo desde la justicia penal, sino desde la regulación del status migratorio y oportunidades de trabajo.

J. Antonio Rivero Ostoic

This paper extends Compositional Equivalence ---which is a structural correspondence type aimed for multiplex networks--- by incorporating actor attributes in the modelling of the network relational structure as diagonal matrices. As an illustration, we construct the positional system of the Florentine families' network in the 15th century with Business and Marriage ties together with relevant characteristics acquired from the actors such as families' financial Wealth and their number of Priorates. Different representations of the cumulated person hierarchies reveal that adding Wealth in the modelling provides a more accurate picture of what the substantial narrative says about this network.

S. Aljbaae, V. Carruba, J. R. Masiero et al.

The Rafita asteroid family is an S-type group located in the middle main belt, on the right side of the 3J:-1A mean-motion resonance. The proximity of this resonance to the family left side in semi-major axis caused many former family members to be lost. As a consequence, the family shape in the $(a,1/D)$ domain is quite asymmetrical, with a preponderance of objects on the right side of the distribution. The Rafita family is also characterized by a leptokurtic distribution in inclination, which allows the use of methods of family age estimation recently introduced for other leptokurtic families such as Astrid, Hansa, Gallia, and Barcelona. In this work we propose a new method based on the behavior of an asymmetry coefficient function of the distribution in the $(a,1/D)$ plane to date incomplete asteroid families such as Rafita. By monitoring the time behavior of this coefficient for asteroids simulating the initial conditions at the time of the family formation, we were able to estimate that the Rafita family should have an age of $490\pm200$ Myr, in good agreement with results from independent methods such as Monte Carlo simulations of Yarkovsky and Yorp dynamical induced evolution and the time behaviour of the kurtosis of the $\sin{(i)}$ distribution. Asteroids from the Rafita family can reach orbits similar to 8\% of the currently known near Earth objects. $\simeq$1\% of the simulated objects are present in NEO-space during the final 10 Myr of the simulation, and thus would be comparable to objects in the present-day NEO population.