Hasil untuk "Surgery"

B. Nordlinger, H. Sørbye, B. Glimelius et al.

M. Greco, G. Capretti, L. Beretta et al.

A. Pusic, A. Klassen, A. Scott et al.

Sean M. O'Brien, D. Shahian, G. Filardo et al.

Karen A. Cullen, M. J. Hall, Aleksandr Golosinskiy

P. Devereaux, M. Mrkobrada, D. Sessler et al.

L. Bedenne, P. Michel, O. Bouché et al.

Seung-Yong Jeong, J. Park, B. Nam et al.

D. Mangano, E. Layug, A. Wallace et al.

M. Stahl, M. Stuschke, N. Lehmann et al.

J. Mathew, M. Fontes, I. C. Tudor et al.

O. Glehen, F. Kwiatkowski, P. Sugarbaker et al.

Richard Sullivan, O. Alatise, Benjamin O. Anderson et al.

S. Brethauer, Julie J. Kim, M. El Chaar et al.

M. Masuda, M. Okumura, Y. Doki et al.

The Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery has conducted annual surveys of thoracic surgery throughout Japan since 1986 to determine the statistics regarding the number of procedures according to operative category. Here, we have summarized the results from our annual survey of thoracic surgery performed during 2014.

Nouédyn Baspin, Lucas Berent, Lawrence Z. Cohen

Quantum LDPC codes promise significant reductions in physical qubit overhead compared with topological codes. However, many existing constructions for performing logical operations come with distance-dependent temporal overheads. We introduce a scheme for performing generalized surgery on quantum LDPC codes using a constant number of rounds of syndrome measurement. The merged code in our scheme is constructed by taking the total complex of the base code and a suitably chosen homomorphic chain complex. We demonstrate the applicability of our scheme on an example multi-cycle code and assess the performance under a phenomenological noise model, showing that fast surgery performs comparably to standard generalized surgery with multiple rounds. Our results pave the way towards fault-tolerant quantum computing with LDPC codes with both low spatial and temporal overheads.

Qingjuan Chen, Zhongqiang Yao, Jianfeng Duan et al.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the potential value of circulating miRNAs in the diagnosis of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) in patients with gastric cancer (GC). A quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method was optimized for the measurement of plasma miRNAs. The concentrations of 11 plasma miRNA transcripts were analyzed in 13 pairs of GC patients with PC (GC/PC) and without PC (GC/NPC) using qRT-PCR. The plasma levels of miR-9 and miR-106a were further validated in 30 pairs of GC/PC and GC/NPC patients, as well as in 35 healthy controls (HC), followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were also measured. Primary screening and further validation revealed significantly lower plasma miR-9 levels in the GC/PC group than in the GC/NPC and HC groups (p < 0.001). Conversely, plasma miR-106a and serum CA125 levels, but not CEA levels, were significantly higher in the GC/PC group than in the GC/NPC and HC groups (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in plasma miR-9 and miR-106a levels between the GC/NPC and HC groups. ROC analyses indicated that plasma miR-9 yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.776 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.673–0.859, p < 0.001) with 67.4% sensitivity and 93% specificity, and miR-106a had an AUC of 0.830 (95% CI 0.743–0.916, p < 0.001) with 72.1% sensitivity and 83.7% specificity in distinguishing the GC/PC group from the GC/NPC group. Moreover, the diagnostic performances of plasma miR-9 and miR-106a were comparable with that of CA125 (p > 0.05). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that high plasma levels of miR-106a (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.44, 95% CI 0.19–1.00, p = 0.040) and low levels of miR-9 (HR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.18–1.02, p = 0.042) were significantly associated with reduced overall survival in GC/PC patients. Taken together, these findings suggest that plasma miR-9 and miR-106a may serve as promising non-invasive biomarkers for both the diagnosis and prognosis of PC in patients with GC.

Ladi Alik Kumar, K Sunand, Jitendra Debata et al.

Cancer is a disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of cells that increases uncontrollably over an extended period of time. Treating cancerous brain tumors remains among the most challenging tasks for researchers, as brain tumors are among the hardest cancers to treat. Additionally, the condition often worsens because of the delayed diagnosis caused by the absence of early symptoms. The use of conventional treatment methods, such as radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery, continues to be highly limited. The low solubility, narrow therapeutic index, and limited ability to traverse the blood–brain barrier of most anticancer drugs result in limited therapeutic efficacy. In an attempt to overcome these predicaments, formulation scientists have been considering nanotechnology-based therapeutic solutions, particularly given the increasing rates of brain cancers that have low survivability and the drawbacks of the existing treatment methods. Different nanoplatforms, such as polymeric nanoparticles, nanoliposomes, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, and magnetic nanoparticles, have been explored. Research has indicated that such nanocarriers can increase the delivery of drugs to cells in brain tumors with a minimal off-target distribution, resulting in minimal adverse effects and optimal treatment. This review presents a summary of nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems that have been reported in recent years for the treatment of brain tumors. In addition, it explains the existing difficulties with the clinical implementation of nanodrug carriers and the perspectives of this field.

Shunsuke Miyamoto, Tomoya Hatayama, Hiroyuki Shikuma et al.

Objective: To assess the safety and effectiveness of urological tumor surgeries using the hinotori™ Surgical Robot System (hinotori) in a real-world clinical setting. Methods: All surgeries including robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN), robot-assisted radical nephrectomy (RARN), robot-assisted nephroureterectomy (RANU), robot-assisted adrenalectomy (RAA), and robot-assisted radical cystectomy with intracorporeal urinary diversion (RARC+ICUD) for urological tumors with the hinotori and da Vinci surgical system (da Vinci) from January 2022 to September 2023 were enrolled. We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of surgeries using the hinotori compared with those using the da Vinci. Results: Robotic surgeries using the hinotori were performed in a total of 91 cases, comprising 42 cases of RARP, 18 cases of RAPN, six cases of RARN, 10 cases of RANU, 13 cases of RAA, and two cases of RARC+ICUD; no major intraoperative complications were observed in any of the cases using the hinotori; no major postoperative complications occurred in any of the cases; no case experienced an unrecoverable equipment error during surgery. Meanwhile, robotic surgeries using the da Vinci were performed in a total of 277 cases, comprising 126 cases of RARP, 94 cases of RAPN, 12 cases of RARN, 10 cases of RANU, 20 cases of RAA, and 15 cases of RARC+ICUD; major intraoperative complications occurred in two cases; major postoperative complications occurred in seven cases; seven cases required transfusion; one case underwent conversion to open surgery; during the study period, no case experienced an unrecoverable equipment error. Surgical outcomes for cases with the hinotori were comparable to those with the da Vinci. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the hinotori is a safe and feasible tool for robotic surgeries in the field of urology.

Ying Xie, Dongmei Yang, Ting Jiang et al.

BackgroundChronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) has high postoperative recurrence rates. This study investigates the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) combined with Medical-Psychosocial-Nursing Functional Support (MPNFS) on functional recovery and recurrence prevention in CSDH patients, and establishes a recurrence prediction model.MethodsA total of 184 CSDH patients undergoing burr hole drainage were randomized into a control group and an observation group (HBOT + MPNFS). Neurological (NIHSS), motor (Fugl-Meyer Assessment), and quality-of-life (SF-36) outcomes were assessed preoperatively and at 1-month postoperatively. Complications and 6-month recurrence rates were recorded. Univariate/multivariate logistic regression identified recurrence risk factors, with ROC analysis evaluating predictive accuracy.ResultsThe observation group showed superior 1-month outcomes: lower NIHSS scores (t = 4.94, p &lt; 0.001), higher FMA and SF-36 scores (p &lt; 0.01). Complication and recurrence rates were significantly reduced (p &lt; 0.05). Independent recurrence predictors included brain atrophy (OR = 2.877), poor brain reexpansion (OR = 3.165), preoperative hematoma width ≥ 20 mm (OR = 2.782), and absence of combined intervention (OR = 2.842). The multifactorial model achieved an AUC of 0.7862, indicating robust predictive efficacy.ConclusionHyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with MPNFS enhances neurological/motor recovery, improves quality of life, and reduces complications/recurrence in postoperative CSDH patients.