Hasil untuk "Speculative philosophy"

Cynthia Gayman

DOI: 10.1177/1357034X08093575 2008; 14; 129 Body Society Bryan S. Turner Turner, Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore pp. 256, ISBN 978 0 521 67587 1 paperback, $24.99 Reviewed by Bryan S. by Richard Shusterman Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008, Body Consciousness: A Philosophy of Mindfulness and Somaesthetics Review Article: Somaesthetics and the Critique of Cartesian Dualism:

Olga Lenczewska

This Element's focus is Kant's history of human reason: his teleological vision of the past development of our rational capacities from their very emergence until Kant's own 'age of Enlightenment.' One of the goals is to connect Kant's speculative account of the very beginning of rationality – a topic that has thus far been largely neglected in Kantian scholarship – to his well-known theory of humankind's progress. The Element elucidates Kant's hopes with regard to reason's future progress and his guidelines for how to achieve this progress by unifying them with his vision of reason's past. Another goal is to bring more attention to Kant's essay 'Conjectural Beginning of Human History,' where this account is presented, and to show that this unusual text does not stand in conflict with Kant's philosophy and is not merely tangentially related to it, but illuminates and complements certain aspects of his critical philosophy.

Christian Krijnen

Speculative idealism is the end of transcendental idealism. Focusing on the problem of the beginning of philosophy, this thesis is substantiated in four chapters. The chapter on Kant exposes the problem of the beginning and its solution. The chapter on contemporary transcendental philosophy shows that even in the most advanced versions of transcendental philosophy, the problem of the beginning remains. The chapter on neo-Kantianism, so important for contemporary transcendental philosophy, renders explicit that here too the problem of the beginning is a paradigmatic burden of transcendental idealism. The first three chapters proof concerning all dimensions of Hegel's Logic (Being, Essence, Concept) that transcendental philosophy perishes due to the methodical profile of its reflection and requires its sublation by speculative idealism. For this reason, as becomes clear from the final chapter, a return to the late Fichte does not overcome the problem of the beginning either.

J. Smith

This paper proposes a reconceptualisation of clinical care as a site from which philosophy is produced, rather than a domain to which it is applied. Centreing on a speculative vignette drawn from emergency nursing, I introduce the concept of the event of nursing to name those moments where relational, material, and institutional forces exceed protocol and call for situated, embodied ethical judgement. Through this lens, nursing practice is not the application of philosophical ethics, but an already‐theorising practice; one that enacts, improvises, and sustains a posthuman ethics in real time. Drawing on Spinoza, Barad, Haraway, Braidotti, and Deleuze and Guattari, I argue that nursing's entangled thinking‐feeling‐doing constitutes a form of knowledge irreducible to either abstraction or procedure. I frame response‐ability as the immanent composition of powers (conatus), read diffractively, tracing how care is produced through the navigation of competing temporalities, machinic infrastructures, and affective pressures. With the risks of epistemic violence of algorithmic governance and linear reasoning, I offer three speculative propositions: ‘assemblage notes,’ ‘situated adequacy metrics,’ and ‘posthuman night rounds.’ These gestures aim not to reform systems but to make legible the improvisational labour that sustains care amid constraint. The event of nursing, I suggest, offers philosophy a model of ethics grounded in affective intelligence, situated multiplicity, and infrastructural friction, a way of staying with the trouble, 12 h at a time.

Gabriel Rodrigues da Silva, Robson Caixeta Silva

A tradução que se segue é baseada na seção dedicada à filosofia de Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (1743–1819), presente nas Lições sobre a história da filosofia (Vorlesungen über die Geschichte der Philosophie) de Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831). O recorte em questão encontra-se no vigésimo volume (Band 20) da edição Theorie Werkausgabe (TWA), organizada por Karl Markus Michel e Eva Moldenhauer, e publicada pela editora alemã Suhrkamp em 1986.

A. Bychkov

Рецензия на: Diseases of the Head : Essays on the Horrors of Speculative Philosophy // ed. by M. Rosen. — Santa Barbara : Punctum Books, 2020.

Luís Gustavo Guerreiro Moreira

Este artigo analisa o papel dos intelectuais indígenas na resistência ao regime militar brasileiro e na construção do movimento indígena pós-ditadura. Destaca-se como eles utilizaram sua produção intelectual e ativismo para desafiar políticas repressivas, preservar culturas indígenas e lutar pela autodeterminação. O estudo examina a formação de movimentos de resistência, a influência na formulação de políticas públicas e o impacto na academia. Através de uma abordagem qualitativa, baseada em revisão de literatura e análise documental, o artigo explora as contribuições de líderes como Ailton Krenak, Davi Kopenawa e Sônia Guajajara. Conclui-se que os intelectuais indígenas deixaram um legado duradouro, promovendo um diálogo intercultural, desafiando estruturas de poder estabelecidas e contribuindo para a construção de uma sociedade menos desigual e mais inclusiva, com impactos que se estendem até o período pós-ditadura.

Koji Suga

Oleksandr V. Mihaylyuk

Робиться спроба висвітлити будову знака не лише з погляду його співвідношення з певним об’єктом поза знаком або ж його референтом, але і з погляду його внутрішньої організації та зовнішніх зв’язків. Знак розглядається як складне структурне утворення, котра має потрійну природу: однією стороною знак звернений до реальності, до предмета, на який він вказує, іншою стороною – до знакової системи, до якої він входить, третьою стороною – до суб’єкта, інтерпретатора. Структура знака складається не лише із сигніфіката і денотата, вираження і змісту, але і з кодів, тезаурусів, смислів, текстів і контекстів.

Wayne Hudson

M. P. Kostinov, I. V. Lukachev, A. K. Meshcheryakova et al.

Relevance. Pregnant women are often exposed to respiratory viruses. Occasionally, the fetus may be harmed by the virus.Goal to present materials revealing the safety and effectiveness of local interferon therapy used in the initial stage of acute respiratory infection in pregnant women from 14 weeks of gestation.Materials and methods. An in-depth analysis of the results of a study of the safety and efficacy of local interferon-therapy of respiratory infections presented in more than 60 literature sources, and own research.Results. It is shown that the inclusion of interferon-α2b (Viferon®) preparation in the complex of basic ARI therapy in pregnant women leads to a decrease in the content in the nasal washout of IL-8, the growth of T-lymphocytes and T-helpers, a more pronounced tendency to decrease natural killers; positively affects the microbiocenosis of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract; leads to a reduction in symptoms of acute pharyngitis, bacterial complications from the upper respiratory tract and, as a consequence, minimizes the need for systemic antibacterial therapy.Conclusions. The conclusion is made about the expediency of including the recombinant interferon-α2b (Viferon®) preparation in intranasal gel form in the complex of basic ARI therapy in pregnant women.

Marta García-Alonso

<p>In this paper, we try to show that the existing Spanish secular model should be defined in terms of collaboration. Religious freedom is interpreted by Spanish judges in a Catholic framework, as an implementation of the Second Vatican Council's Declarations and Constitutions. In this sense, the Catholic Church has managed to impose its authority through privileged agreements with the Spanish State.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> religious freedom, secularism, Spain, religious law.</p>

Edgar Straehle

This paper aims to tackle Arendt’s thinking in connection with our current knowledge on the history of Greece, in order to examine the philosopher’s interpretation of the Greek world – a special emphasis will be placed on the concepts of action, <em>nomos </em>and freedom, as well as on the importance of the agora’s political space. Furthermore, I intend to put into question those readings that attribute a kind of naïve hellenophilia to Arendt, also pointing out the limitations that she herself observed within the political approach of the polis. I argue that Arendt does not find, in Ancient Greece, any of the resorts that can counterbalance action and which she considers necessary in order for it to avoid falling into <em>hybris</em>, such as: forgiving, promise and authority. Finally, I claim that the Roman concept of <em>lex</em>, due to its relational dimension, is closer to her account of politics than the Greek concept of <em>nomos</em>.

Alyne dos Santos Gonçalves

Este artigo propõe uma análise histórica sobre o processo de institucionalização das ciências biológicas no estado do Espírito Santo, a partir da fundação do Museu de Biologia Prof. Mello Leitão, em 1949, pelo naturalista Augusto Ruschi. Considerando as contribuições dos estudos sociais das ciências, compreende-se aqui as observações e experimentações nas áreas de conservação de florestas e reprodução de beija-flores em cativeiro como práticas científicas inseridas em um contexto sociopolítico particular, as quais contribuíram para o processo de especialização da biologia como área específica das ciências naturais.

R. Velkley

Finnur Dellsén

A. Orekhov, М. И. Орехова, E. L. Skachko et al.

The paper is devoted to the subject status of the discipline “Philosophy of Sociology”. Philosophy of sociology is an interdisciplinary direction focusing on the main preconditions of sociological knowledge development as well as cognitive value of sociological facts, theories and conceptions. Its subject can be divided into “philosophical foundations of sociology” and “philosophical problems of sociology”. “Sociologism” as the concept of substitution of social philosophy by sociology as a science which is better empirically oriented and is able to give more exact and proved picture of social reality also poses danger to social philosophy. “Sociologism” presents a positivist attack on social philosophy. Indeed, sociology is no less speculative science than social philosophy is, which is well illustrated by a lot of divergences among its theoretical constructions and empirical data. The main functions of philosophy of sociology in the world of contemporary social-humanitarian knowledge are critical function, integrative function and axiological function.

V. Busacchi

C. Wildberg

E. Duarte