S. Haustein, Isabella Peters, Cassidy R. Sugimoto
et al.
Data collected by social media platforms have been introduced as new sources for indicators to help measure the impact of scholarly research in ways that are complementary to traditional citation analysis. Data generated from social media activities can be used to reflect broad types of impact. This article aims to provide systematic evidence about how often Twitter is used to disseminate information about journal articles in the biomedical sciences. The analysis is based on 1.4 million documents covered by both PubMed and Web of Science and published between 2010 and 2012. The number of tweets containing links to these documents was analyzed and compared to citations to evaluate the degree to which certain journals, disciplines, and specialties were represented on Twitter and how far tweets correlate with citation impact. With less than 10% of PubMed articles mentioned on Twitter, its uptake is low in general but differs between journals and specialties. Correlations between tweets and citations are low, implying that impact metrics based on tweets are different from those based on citations. A framework using the coverage of articles and the correlation between Twitter mentions and citations is proposed to facilitate the evaluation of novel social‐media‐based metrics.
Recently, qualitative studies have been widespread in various areas such as psychology, business, and sociology. In this review, the process of qualitative study has been clarified to offer a description of its general process. Basically, the qualitative investigation is exploratory, which indicates an understanding of the results made by the researcher(s). Likewise, designing research is a process or guideline utilized to prepare, implement, and evaluate an idea that the researchers want to reveal about an issue. It is also a plan to answer the problems or concepts of an investigated study. Since qualitative studies help researchers to examine opinions, attitudes, and perspectives of human beings, so it has gained more attention in many fields and especially in the area of social sciences. Accordingly, the qualitative study focuses on how individuals perceive and give meaning to different social behaviors in order to explore people’s social observations. This study aims to reveal the qualitative research process and how the data would be collected via this approach. The researchers attempt to announce the significance of the qualitative study and focus group discussion tool (advantages and limitations as well) to propose a better understanding for the academics who want to utilize a qualitative study in social sciences.
Purpose Qualitative research has gained in importance in the social sciences. General knowledge about qualitative data analysis, how to code qualitative data and decisions concerning related research design in the analytical process are all important for novice researchers. The purpose of this paper is to offer researchers who are new to qualitative research a thorough yet practical introduction to the vocabulary and craft of coding. Design/methodology/approach Having pooled, their experience in coding qualitative material and teaching students how to code, in this paper, the authors synthesize the extensive literature on coding in the form of a hands-on review. Findings The aim of this paper is to provide a thorough yet practical presentation of the vocabulary and craft of coding. The authors, thus, discuss the central choices that have to be made before, during and after coding, providing support for novices in practicing careful and enlightening coding work, and joining in the debate on practices and quality in qualitative research. Originality/value While much material on coding exists, it tends to be either too comprehensive or too superficial to be practically useful for the novice researcher. This paper, thus, focusses on the central decisions that need to be made when engaging in qualitative data coding in order to help researchers new to qualitative research engage in thorough coding in order to enhance the quality of their analyses and findings, as well as improve quantitative researchers’ understanding of qualitative coding.
Adama Ouedraogo, Patrice Ngangue, David Jean Simon
et al.
Objective This study estimated the proportion of children aged 12–23 months who were fully vaccinated in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), explored geographical disparities across subregions and countries, and identified country-level factors associated with full vaccination (FV).Design Cross-sectional study.Setting SSA.Participants Children aged 12–23 months.Primary outcome FV.Methods Data for this study were extracted from the most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in 34 SSA countries between 2012 and 2023. The study included a total weighted sample of 69 218 children. Univariate analyses were performed to describe the socio-demographic profile of the participants and estimate the proportion of FV and the proportion for each of the eight vaccines (BCG, DTP1, DTP2, DPT3, Polio1, Polio2, Polio3, Measles1) at regional level. Bivariate and spatial analyses were produced to examine existing disparities at regional, subregional and countries’ income levels. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was fitted for identifying country-level factors associated with FV.Results 54.1% (95% CI 53.7% to 54.5%) children aged 12–23 months in SSA were fully vaccinated. In addition, substantial inequalities emerged in FV coverage across countries ranging from 23.9% in Guinea to a high of 95.5% in Rwanda. The same pattern was observed for the eight vaccines. Findings also showed that children of birth order 3 and above, who were delivered at home, had received less than four antenatal visits, from poor households and households with more than 5 members, whose mothers were under 25, had primary education level and below, and had no income-generating activities were less likely to be fully vaccinated.Conclusion To achieve WHO’s global vaccination coverage target of 90% by 2030 in SSA, vaccination programmes must take account of regional, subregional and national inequities. Our findings also underline the need for interventions tailored to each SSA country’s socio-cultural context.Ethical consideration Ethical approval was not required as this is a secondary analysis of publicly available data.
Medicine (General), Infectious and parasitic diseases
Pouya Shaeri, Yasaman Mohammadpour, Alimohammad Beigi
et al.
Extreme weather events driven by climate change, such as wildfires, floods, and heatwaves, prompt significant public reactions on social media platforms. Analyzing the sentiment expressed in these online discussions can offer valuable insights into public perception, inform policy decisions, and enhance emergency responses. Although sentiment analysis has been widely studied in various fields, its specific application to climate-induced events, particularly in real-time, high-impact situations like the 2025 Los Angeles forest fires, remains underexplored. In this survey, we thoroughly examine the methods, datasets, challenges, and ethical considerations related to sentiment analysis of social media content concerning weather and climate change events. We present a detailed taxonomy of approaches, ranging from lexicon-based and machine learning models to the latest strategies driven by large language models (LLMs). Additionally, we discuss data collection and annotation techniques, including weak supervision and real-time event tracking. Finally, we highlight several open problems, such as misinformation detection, multimodal sentiment extraction, and model alignment with human values. Our goal is to guide researchers and practitioners in effectively understanding sentiment during the climate crisis era.
Cross-validation is a statistical procedure that every psychologist should know. Most are possibly familiar with the procedure in a global way but have not used it for the analysis of their own data. We introduce cross-validation for the purpose of model selection in a general sense, as well as an R package we have developed for this kind of analysis, and we present examples illustrating the use of this package for types of research problems that are often encountered in the social sciences. Cross-validation can be an easy-to-use alternative to null-hypothesis testing, and it has the benefit that it does not make as many assumptions.
Enhancing marine economic resilience is a necessary response to both domestic and international shocks, and it is also key to achieving the sustainable development of the marine economy. In recent years, rising uncertainties both domestically and internationally have posed significant challenges to the resilience of China’s marine economy. In response, China has continuously strengthened its environmental regulations, influencing the resilience of its marine economy through various environmental regulations. This paper measures marine economy resilience index using panel data from 11 coastal provinces and municipalities in China from 2010 to 2019. It empirically examines the direct impact, spatial spillover effects, and mediating mechanisms of environmental regulations on marine economy resilience. The results show that: (1) Environmental regulations significantly enhance the resilience of the marine economy. Among the various environmental regulation tools, command-and-control regulations have a stronger effect in promoting marine economic resilience compared to market-incentive regulations. (2) Environmental regulations exhibit spatial spillover effects in enhancing marine economic resilience, and the spatial influence of different regulatory tools is heterogeneous. (3) The optimization of marine industrial structure serves as a crucial avenue for environmental regulations to enhance the resilience of the marine economy. This study offers theoretical support and a scientific basis for the adjustment and optimization of environmental regulations and the enhancement of marine economic resilience, while also contributing to the sustainable development of the marine economy.
Propõe-se apresentar o contexto do IV Encontro de Artes Cênicas e Acessibilidade Cultural: práticas e desaprendizagens, realizado na Universidade Federal do Acre, em 2023. O referido texto apresenta discussões sobre um exemplo de capacitismo, realizado na abertura do evento, buscando, a partir dessa ação, questionar a urgência do Ensino Superior assumir as lacunas presentes na formação; propor uma reestruturação nos currículos dos cursos de Artes, com disciplinas que articulem com o contexto da acessibilidade; viabilizar um letramento no processo de formação. Assim, o texto busca aleijar as estruturas, articulando com pensadores e artistas Defs.
Tulay Ilhan-Nas, Aysegul Saglam, Tarhan Okan
et al.
Industry 4.0, whose effects have been more and more noticeable in recent years, and the digital change it brings call for a new educational model that aligns university instructional processes and curricula with the demands of business. This approach, known as University 4.0, intends to promote more technology-based applications, the power of innovation, the training of skilled specialists to satisfy industrial needs, and the development of competences that can achieve multidisciplinary projects. It is of utmost importance to adapt late-industrializing nations’ educational systems, such as Turkey’s, to this change process. The aim of this research, which takes the Turkish context as a reference, is to reveal how the curricula and educational processes of business schools should be shaped with a perspective that takes into account the human resources requirements of industry 4.0. A decision-making technique that integrates QFD, Delphi, and DEMATEL methods was employed in the study. The results clearly show that the most important expectation for social stakeholders is to provide university-industry cooperation. However, some of the most pressing problems include applied learning through collaborative educational experiences, teamwork skills, changing roles and competencies of academics. The findings point out that the educational activities of business schools must be linked with industry expectations through technology-based training activities and teamwork.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social Sciences
This paper constructs a three-step second-order numerical approach for solving a mathematical model on the dynamic of corruption and poverty. The stability and error estimates of the proposed technique are analyzed using the L2-norm. The developed algorithm is at least zero-stable and second-order accurate. Furthermore, the new method is explicit, faster and more efficient than a large class of numerical schemes applied to nonlinear systems of ordinary differential equations and can serve as a robust tool for integrating general systems of initial-value problems. Some numerical examples confirm the theory and also consider the corruption and poverty in Cameroon.
The structural-genetic theory programme is an offshoot of Piagetian theory and Piagetian Cross-Cultural Psychology. It resorts to the application of stage theory to history, that is to parallels between ontogenetic and historical stages. Accordingly, the adolescent stage of formal operations evolved late in history, usually not before the 17th century, making and causing the Age of Enlightenment, with its manifestations: rise of physical sciences, industrial economy, formulation of liberty rights and humanistic philosophy, emergence of classical music, etc. The new theory offers possibilities to unify all human disciplines and social sciences under one common roof as they all need a general theory of the human being which stage theory can provide. They all deal with historical developments such as the history of language, law, sciences, economy, morals, philosophy, arts, worldview, religion, and politics that is shaped and carried by psychogenetic stage developments of humans in history.