Hasil untuk "Industrial directories"

Selma Islamčević

Mayly Torres Alvarez, Estela Peralta

People with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face significant barriers to accessing and maintaining employment, many of which stem from work environments that fail to accommodate their neurological diversity. This article aims to analyze the occupational risks faced by autistic individuals in the workplace. A total of 39 scientific studies were reviewed, and the results identified nine predominant thematic categories of occupational risks. Particularly prominent were deficient communication, lack of structured support, cognitive overload, and difficulties coping with change. The reported situations were examined in detail, with attention paid to their specific contexts. A clear predominance of psychosocial risks over ergonomic ones was observed. The review also highlights several underexplored yet equally relevant risk factors, such as discontinuity in supported employment programs, difficulties in requesting reasonable accommodations, discrimination, a lack of professional recognition, and the negative effects of digital or remote environments, such as isolation. This study underscores the importance of recognizing unsafe conditions arising from the lack of neurodiversity-informed adjustments as a necessary step toward implementing organizational and social adaptations in the workplace.

Yong Chen, Pengfei Wang, Yongjun Li et al.

Due to the complex coal mining conditions in China, safe production and environmental preservation are significantly impacted by effective mine gas extraction and orderly mine gas discharge. The surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and micro- and nano-bubbles were dissolved in water to create a liquid-gas coupling medium, which was then utilized as the mass transfer carrier to reduce drag, increase the coefficient of permeability, and improve the displacement of coal gas. Combined with instantaneous seepage flow and gas permeability measurements, the effects of the liquid-gas coupling medium in reducing drag, increasing permeability, and strengthening displacement of anthracite were quantified. The drag-reduction seepage model under the action of the liquid-gas coupling medium was established. The interface characteristics and mechanism of the liquid-gas coupling medium on coal water seepage displacement were revealed. Based on the characteristics of pore seepage and boundary slip, a drag-reduction seepage model was established by comparing the internal pore structure of coal with that of pores in the circular tube. The interface and mechanism of the liquid-gas coupling medium in the coal water seepage displacement were described using Darcian seepage as a basis. The synergistic effect of the liquid-gas coupling medium provides a new technical direction for seepage displacement and anti-outburst extraction from coal seams.

Rimzim Taneja, Kawther Alali, Mohammed et al.

<b>Eye glance analysis and driving performance during texting while driving: Differential effects of varying driving speed versus text message length. Background and Objective.</b> Texting while driving continues to be a significant public health concern. Eye glances off the roadway are a measure of the visual distraction associated with texting while driving. In the present study, we examined the effects of two ‘real-world’ factors relating to the adverse effects of texting on driving performance and eye glances off the roadway: (1) text message length and (2) driving speed. <b>Methods.</b> Subjects ‘drove’ a fixed-base simulator and read, typed and sent text messages while driving. In study #1, the driving speed was 60 mph and the effects of short (1 word) versus longer (8–10 words) texts were compared. In study #2, the text messages were short only and driving speed was 60 or 80 mph. Driving performance was assessed using the Standard Deviation of Lane Position (SDLP). Video recordings of the drivers’ faces were used to assess eye glances from the road to the phone—and back—during texting. <b>Results.</b> Texting while driving impaired driving performance as measured by SDLP, and both longer text messages and faster drive speeds made driving performance even worse. Analysis of the eye glance data, however, revealed different effects of these two manipulations. Specifically, longer text messages were associated with an increase in the number of eye glances to the phone during a text message episode, an increase in the total time spent with the eyes off the road, and an increase in the single longest eye glance from the road. Moreover, with longer text messages the longest single eye glance away from the road typically occurred at or near the end of the text message episode. In contrast, increasing driving speed to 80 mph did not affect any of these eye glance measures relative to driving at 60 mph. <b>Conclusion and Application.</b> Both text message length and driving speed while texting adversely affect driving performance, but they do so via different mechanisms. These results have implications for how to tailor “don’t text and drive” messaging to better serve the public health.

Robert Alms, Peter Wagner

Level 3 automated driving systems could introduce challenges to traffic systems as they require a specific lead time in their procedures to ensure the safe return of vehicle control to the driver. These processes, called ’transitions of control’, may particularly pose complications in accelerating traffic flows when regulations mandate control transitions due to an operational speed limitation of 60 km/h as established in recent certification processes based on UNECE regulations from 2021. To investigate these concerns, we conducted a comprehensive simulation study to examine potential safety implications arising from control transitions within mixed-autonomy traffic. The simulation results indicate adverse safety impacts due to increased safety-relevant interactions between vehicles caused by transitions of control in dynamic traffic flow conditions. Our findings also reveal that those effects could become stronger once string unstable ACC controllers are deployed as well.

Akizumi Tsutsumi

In Japan, over 6,000 workers commit suicide every year, and the Japanese government has taken several countermeasures to prevent Karoshi (death due to overwork) and mental health disorders among workers. Risk factors for suicide among workers include long working hours, adverse psychosocial job characteristics, economic recession or financial crisis, job insecurity, and workplace harassment. Depressive symptoms are supposed to play a vital role in mediating mechanisms. Owing to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, economic crises continue and seemingly deepen, and the risk of unemployment increases. Workers with low socioeconomic status and who do not enjoy occupational health services are considered vulnerable, and essential workers (including health care workers) require special attention. Little evidence prevails with respect to workplace suicide prevention measures in a population approach, and hence, suicide prevention should be integrated into the existing workplace mental health activities. Although evidence of secondary prevention, such as screening for depression, is scarce for workplace mental health, such measures, including regular psychological counseling, should be applicable during this crisis. Research is thus crucial for preventing suicide in the workplace using surrogate outcomes, such as suicidality, help-seeking, stigma, access to means, and improving workplace support. Prevention of suicide among temporary workers, freelancers, foreign workers, and self-employed individuals who lack support from regional and occupational healthcare domains remains an untackled issue.

Buntari Asmaning Putri

ABSTRACT Introduction: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) is one of the health problems caused by the used equipment or performed activity while working. The workers in the packaging section of the iron and steel industry who do the packaging process manually are exposed to the risk of experiencing MSDs due to the working attitudes and non-ergonomic postures. This study aims to identify the correlation between ages, years of service, as well as working postures and the complaints of MSDs experienced by the workers of the packaging section of iron and steel industry in Sidoarjo. Methods: This study applied a cross-sectional design. The research population was all workers in the packaging section of an iron and steel industry in Sidoarjo, reaching 27 people. The research samples are the total population of the workers in the packaging section of an iron and steel industry in Sidoarjo. The risk assessment of MSDs was carried out by using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method, while the risk complaints were measured by using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire. The data were tested by using Chi-Square. Results: The results revealed that there were moderate correlations between the age and the MSDs complaints (phi coefficient=0.335), between the years of service and the MSDs complaints (phi coefficient=0.433), and between the working postures and MSDs complaints (phi coefficient=0.401). Conclusion: The moderate-level of correlation still affected the occurrence of MSDs complaints.   Keywords: ages, years of service, working postures, musculoskeletal disorders complaints

Mahsa Mapar, Mohammad Javad Jafari, Nabi-allah Mansouri et al.

The level of contractor’s HSE is a major concern in outsourcing of the works for large organizations. In each tender a rational level of HSE holding by the contractors is recommended to reduce the project costs. By investigating the classification procedure of the contracts available in reliable manuals and models at international level, 6 main criteria were selected for determining the contract level from the viewpoint of HSE. Also, an indicator, called "contract separation" was proposed by weighting the criteria. Initial weight of the main criteria along with their scoring in this indicator was determined by applying sub-criteria characteristics, namely "specialized workforce", "man-day required for meeting the criteria", "required technology", and "impact of criterion on planning the next steps of the contract". Then, by preparing a questionnaire and applying the experts' opinion, the final weight of the criteria was specified, based on which all the contracts of Shahid Tondgouyan Oil Refinery Company in Tehran were divided into four levels, namely (1) advanced, (2) moderate, (3) basic, and (4) exempted from the initial HSE assessment. Results of the present study showed that the operational risk level had the highest impact percentage on determining the level of contract compared with other criteria, which indicates that regardless of other criteria, in case the level of contract risk is high, some special HSE measures should be planned for that contract according to the advanced contracts. Also, cost of the contract had the lowest weight; although cost of the contract is one of the most effective criteria in the contract classification, it cannot by itself represent the magnitude of the contract from the HSE perspective and its impact must be considered along with other criteria associated with HSE in order to determine the contract level.

Yaroslav Melnyk, Victor Bobylov

Сучасне інформаційне середовище постійно наражається на вплив зовнішніх або внутрішніх завад. У сучасний період постійного розвитку і удосконалення засобів радіоелектронної боротьби та методів впливу на телекомунікаційні системи їх захист стає дуже важливою та актуальною проблемою. Існують програмне забезпечення та програмні утиліти, що представляють собою сукупність підходів, які надають можливість будувати телекомунікаційні мережі стійкими до впливу тих чи інших завад. Але більшість з них стосується технічних аспектів побудови мережі. Що стосується топології таких мереж, то при їх обґрунтуванні можна спиратися лише на їх невелику кількість. Справа у тому, що гетерогенні мережі мають у своїй структурі велику кількість вузлів, що безпосередньо піддані впливу навмисних та ненавмисних завад. Тому, часом, виникає необхідність здійснювати заміну вузлів, через які проходить інформація, на інші, у зв’язку із впливом на них завад. Заміна вузлів, або переключення проходження інформації через інші вузли, на які не впливають завади, породжує зміну топології гетерогенної мережі, що забезпечує альтернативні варіанти їх підключення. На даний час не існує єдиних методичних підходів до реалізації дій щодо зміни топології мереж. Їх наявність наддасть можливість обґрунтовано змінювати топологію гетерогенних мереж (ГМ) для забезпечення альтернативних варіантів їх підключення. Тому, нижче наведена стаття присвячена наданню методичних рекомендацій щодо використання існуючих програмного забезпечення та програмних утиліт для  визначення топології гетерогенних мереж при пошуку альтернативних варіантів підключення.

Evelyn S. Qin, Gerene M. Denning, Charles A. Jennissen

Safety laws are among the most successful means of reducing injuries, but their effectiveness is strongly influenced by the level of enforcement. To characterize enforcement of off-road vehicle (ORV) laws statewide, analyses of citations were performed using Iowa Court Information System data. From 2005&#8211;2015, 5173 individuals were charged with 5643 citations issued. Citations averaged &lt;5/county/year, decreased dramatically over time, and varied by county when normalized to registered all-terrain vehicles (ATVs). Over 90% of operators cited were male and Caucasian. One-fifth were &lt;18 years old. The top five violations were: operation on a highway/snowmobile trail (51%), registration/identification number not documented/displayed (19%), prohibited use in a park/preserve (5.5%), and operation with more persons than the vehicle is designed to carry (4.4%). The Department of Natural Resources issued the highest percentage of citations, followed in decreasing order by Sheriff, Police, State Patrol, and Conservation officers. Significant differences were identified when citations were compared by sex, age, race, enforcement agency, disposition (guilty vs. not guilty), and when comparing counties with or without an ORV park. These characteristics suggest limited and variable enforcement of laws statewide that may reduce their potential to prevent deaths and injuries, and that improved strategies to support ORV law enforcement are needed.

Firda Rahmawati

Introduction: Each company has its Standard Operational Procedure that is used as a standard for workers to work safely. SOPs are established and implemented to minimize the hazards of accidents in the workplace. As one of the largest automotive manufacturing companies in Indonesia, PT X also has the potential hazards of occupational accidents. The existence of accidents at the company is caused by unsafe behavior. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between individual characteristics, training, knowledge, as well as motivation and the SOP compliance at PT X. Methods: This research is observational research with the cross-sectional design. The samples of this research were 30 workers. The samples were taken by using the simple random sampling method. The data collection was obtained from the results of questionnaires, interviews, and observations, while the supporting data in the form of secondary data was taken from the related SOP. Results the variable of individual characteristics in the form of age and working period are not related to the behavior of SOP compliance. The variables of worker training, knowledge, and motivation are related to SOP compliance behavior tested with the statistical test showed the p-values of 0.008, 0.000, and 0.022. Conclusion: The individual characteristics of age and working period cannot describe the behavior of SOP compliance, while the individual characteristics of training, knowledge, and motivation can improve the SOP compliance.   Keywords: motivation, SOP compliance, training

Dmitry M. Kostin, Boris V. Sevastyanov, Robert O. Shadrin

Mykola Dumenko

Історичний та сучасний досвід свідчить, що лише наявність розвинутого оборонного сектору і його головної складової – збройних сил, їх готовність до нарощування були і будуть стримуючим фактором від будь-яких посягань ззовні та підґрунтям для проведення політики на захист національних інтересів будь-якої держави світу. Розглянуто проблему кількісної та якісної оцінки системи комплектування особовим складом збройних сил України в умовах гібридної війни (особливого періоду). Методологічний підхід аналітичної оцінки розв’язується методом вкладених скалярних згорток векторного критерію із застосуванням нелінійної схеми компромісів. Якісна оцінка здійснюється на основі вербально-числової шкали Харрингтона. Встановлено, що оцінка системи комплектування збройних сил особовим складом залежав від конкретних умов, які склалися з урахуванням таких чинників, як списочна чисельність особового складу; кількість штатно-посадових одиниць; індекс штату, на якому перебуває військова частини (орган військового управління); способи та принципи комплектування; наявність людських резервів; рівень військової освіти та якість підготовки, перепідготовки (підвищення кваліфікації) військовослужбовців тощо.

Mohammad Rusda Habib

Bathroom was major personal hygiene facilities for elderly in Hargo Dedali Nursing Home Surabaya. Elderly bathroom design need to consider with ergonomic factor for elderly to minimize of falling. The purpose of this study was describing suitability of bathroom facilities ergonomic according physiological and elderly anthropometric factors in the Nursing Home. This study was conducted with cross-sectional design with descriptive analysis approach. Observations and measurements were taken at the place and variables were personal hygiene facilities, physiological, and elderly anthropometric. Data that used were primary data based on observations and interviews and secondary data drawn from the place. The result showed that elderly bathroom ergonomic design were height of closet 42,5 ±2,609 cm; height   of bathing tub 68,65±6,492 cm; height of water cock 90,09±6,067 cm; volume  of water dipper 1000 ml; height of hand rail 80,09±6,067 cm; diameter of handful 4,6±0,2 cm at persentile 5th; slope of floor ≥ 40  with rough floor texture; lenght of doorleaf with handle 16 cm; lighting during the day and the night for more than 100 lux. The conclusion was that not all bathroom facilities at nursing home eligible for elderly. Advice that can be given were the bathroom need adjustment size with ergonomic values obtained and necessary uniformity in design was not only space but also uniformity in size according to the physiological and elderly anthropometric who can access to bathroom independently.   Keywords: ergonomics, bathroom, elderly

Michael D. Keall, Philippa Howden-Chapman, Nevil Pierse et al.

Home fall injuries amongst the general population are common and costly. In the Home Injury Prevention Intervention (HIPI) trial, we showed that 26% of medically treated home fall injuries could be prevented by a package of home modifications undertaken by qualified builders. This paper describes how we addressed unexpected safety issues associated with the implementation of the programme. Following the intervention, we ensured that participants could contact the builders. We monitored any problems or issues over a two-year period. We also held public meetings to explain the results of the study and record participants&rsquo; comments about the trial. Generally, people were satisfied with the modifications. However, there were clear safety issues with particular modifications and we revisited homes to address these. These findings highlight the need to allocate some resources for monitoring and remediation work to follow up interventions, and also a need for some regulation of the quality of safety products.

Hana VEZNIKOVA, Michaela SKRIZOVSKA, Bohdan FILIPI

One of the groups of materials that tend to self-combustion is vegetable oils. The amount of used oil used is currently increasing and thus the hazard of fires increases. For this reason, it is important to evaluate the tendency of oils for self-heating to minimize self-combustion. This article deals with assessment of the tendency of vegetable oils to self-combustion using two methods: Differential Mackey test and the method of thermal analysis. These methods evaluate the behaviour of oils during their heating. Thermal analysis using the Mettler-Toledo device was performed for oils without support and oils applied on the inert support. It was found that both methods are suitable for evaluation of the exothermic effect that occurs during oxidation of oils after their application on the solid supports. The obtained results of the analyses are the basis for mutual comparison of both way of measurement. Interpretation of these results is a contribution to increasing of safety during using oils.

Andrew J. Mann, S. Dee Jepsen

The US Department of Labor (US DOL) oversees the Agricultural Hazardous Occupations Orders (AgHOs), which identifies specific tasks that youth are prohibited from performing for hire on American farms and ranches. An educational exemption from this public policy is currently in place that allows youth, 14–15 years old, to complete a certification program prior to engaging in agricultural work involving tractors and machinery. However, limited guidance is provided in the legislation regarding the format or content of the tractor and machinery certification exemption. Four AgHOs (tractor and machinery) studies were identified and included in this meta-analysis publication. The research goals of this analysis were to determine basic trends of learning outcomes, and identify educational content to be delivered as a result of these studies. Within each of the four studies, expert panels were used to identify educational learning outcomes. The analysis revealed that 48.0% (n = 184) of all learning outcome items fell within the Tractor-based (Tractor) learning outcome category, 29.8% (n = 114) within General Safety and Health (General), and 22.2% (n = 85) of items in the Machinery-based (Machinery) category. Ultimately, sound educational methods and understanding of fundamental student competence are essential components for any training program, including youth who complete AgHOs tractor and machinery certification programs.

Володимир Іванович Богомя, Юлія Євгенівна Шапран, Максим Вікторович Кас’яненко et al.

Проведено аналіз відомих методів оцінювання ефективності контролю технічного стану радіотехнічних засобів морських суден і чинників, що впливають на ефективність їх експлуатації. Обґрунтовано, що найбільша достовірність такого оцінювання забезпечується узагальненим векторним показником. Виділені основні етапи формування узагальненого показника ефективності контролю технічного стану радіотехнічних засобів. Визначені необхідні умови розв’язання задачі синтезу оптимальної системи контролю технічного стану радіотехнічних засобів з метою забезпечення потрібної ефективності їх експлуатації.

Zhu Ji-Hong, Yang Kai-Ke, Zhang Wei-Hong

This paper addresses a structure design competition based on topology optimization and 3D Printing, and proposes an experimental approach to efficiently and quickly measure the mechanical performance of the structures designed using topology optimization. Since the topology optimized structure designs are prone to be geometrically complex, it is extremely inconvenient to fabricate these designs with traditional machining. In this study, we not only fabricated the topology optimized structure designs using one kind of 3D Printing technology known as stereolithography (SLA), but also tested the mechanical performance of the produced prototype parts. The finite element method is used to analyze the structure responses, and the consistent results of the numerical simulations and structure experiments prove the validity of this new structure testing approach. This new approach will not only provide a rapid access to topology optimized structure designs verifying, but also cut the turnaround time of structure design significantly.

Vasyl V. Bychenkov

The difficult inertia systems prediction question with the use of the difficult systems models is considered in the article. It is indicated, that the entrance model data consistоf three groups: the arguments group when argument's values are determined by a researcher, the arguments group when argument's values are observed by a researcher, but researcher doesn't have an impact on this arguments, the arguments group when values are not taken into account during prediction. The system output data is – the difficult system reaction on еруarguments effect. From knowledge of the external factors effect on the system history and system response toеру effect - there is possibility of creating the difficult inertia system model. The model creation and use algorithm for prediction of the difficult inertia system behavior is offered in the article. It is marked, that the algorithm consists of the three stages: developing difficult system model variants; checking difficult system model variants efficiency; using difficult inertia system model during prediction. The use of the model creation and use algorithm for prediction of the difficult inertia system behavior will allow developing models, which will meet requirements of adequate calculations accuracy which are conducted and adequacy execution of the represented processes in the model to the processes which exist in the difficult inertia system.