Hasil untuk "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation"

Elvis Frimpong Manso, Alfred Arthur, Joseph Osafo Eduah et al.

Despite the differences in soil and fertilizer properties affecting fertilizer effectiveness, farmers often use nationwide blanket formulations, which may not optimize cocoa yield. Previous trials have shown that fertilizer application outcomes vary by soil type, prompting recommendations for site-specific fertilizer formulations. Nonetheless, the complexity of creating these models leaves farmers relying on available blanket fertilizers instead. To enable farmers to select fertilizer types that will best suit their soils, the effects of soil properties and fertilizer types on the solubility, availability of macronutrients, and pH in two cocoa soils were investigated. Five kilograms of ferralsol and acrisol were prepared in nursery bags, with five different fertilizers (A, B, C, D, and E) applied at rates of 375, 500, and 625 kg·ha−1 were set in factorial experiment laid in completely randomized design with four replicates each. Following a 3-week incubation, nutrient analysis was conducted weekly. Water solubility was assessed by weighing 1, 2, and 3 g of each fertilizer in 200 mL of distilled water and shaken for 3 hours. Results indicate that lower solute-to-solvent ratios decreased NPK, Ca, and Mg solubility. Fertilizer A increased soil pH from 6.81 to 7.45 in ferralsol and from 5.78 to 7.50 in acrisol. The different soils showed different release trends though the same fertilizers were applied. Available phosphorus rose from 4.76 to 166.69 mg·kg−1 in ferralsol and from 4.32 to 170.00 mg·kg−1 in acrisol, while total nitrogen rose from 0.22% to 0.30% in ferralsol and from 0.16% to 0.20% in acrisol. The findings highlight that soil properties influence fertilizer solubility and nutrient availability in cocoa soils.

Ruby Bisht, Amit Kumar Uniyal, Amar Johri et al.

Abstract The research on work-life balance of teachers highlights the significant challenges faced by educators in balancing their professional and personal lives. The study emphasizes the evolving role of teachers, the impact of technology, and the increasing demands placed on them. It also underscores the importance of achieving a healthy work-life balance to reduce stress and improve job satisfaction. This study critically examines research papers and articles related to work-life balance of teachers published between 2014–2024 in the Scopus database. Bibliometric analysis was done with the help of a biblioshiny package of Rstusio and VoS viewer. Out of 554 articles, 112 were located after restricting the search to the English language and publications related to social science, psychology, business, management, and economics for the selected time (2014–2024). The research on the work-life balance of teachers has seen significant growth, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings highlight that the USA in countries, Fokkens-Bruinsma, M. in authors and Frontiers in Psychology in sources have the highest contribution of articles in related field. Key topics include “human,” “teaching,” “work-life balance,” “questionnaire,” and “education. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the research trends, key contributors, and important topics in the field of work-life balance of teachers. Moreover, it also highlights the growing interest in this area and the need for further research to address the challenges faced by educators. The findings suggest that implementing work-life policies and initiatives tailored to the teaching profession can help address these challenges and promote better well-being among teachers. Overall, the study calls for a greater focus on supporting teachers to ensure they can effectively manage their work and personal responsibilities.

Noémie Letellier, Caitlin G. Jones-Ngo, Michael W. Cheung et al.

Background: As the health burden attributable to wildfire activity increases under climate change, it is crucial to determine which subgroups face heightened vulnerability to wildfire smoke. Marginalized communities may experience disproportionate risk from overlapping individual and community vulnerability factors. We leverage recent developments in machine learning methods for high-dimensional settings to construct detailed profiles of California communities disproportionately impacted by wildfire smoke across 27 potential effect modifiers. Methods: We used daily 2006–2019 data on hospital admissions and emergency department (ED) visits for cardio-respiratory diseases in California. We applied a time-stratified case-crossover study design to analyze the effect of wildfire-specific fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on cardio-respiratory diseases. Then, we investigated heterogeneous effects using a generalized random forest approach, which can handle a large set of individual-level (age, sex, race/ethnicity) and area-level (e.g., poverty level, racial/ethnic segregation) factors to construct vulnerability profiles for each Air Basin, representing areas with similar meteorological and geographic conditions. Results: A 10 µg/m3 increase in wildfire PM2.5 concentration (2-day moving average) was associated with an increased risk of hospital admissions and ED visits related to respiratory diseases (OR = 1.014, 95 % confidence interval = 1.012–1.016). No association was found for cardiovascular diseases. Associations between exposure to wildfire PM2.5 and respiratory diseases varied strongly by individual- (age, sex, race/ethnicity) and area-level factors (such as A/C prevalence, Black/White dissimilarity index). The importance of these effect modifiers, and vulnerability profiles, changed across Air Basins. Conclusions: Machine learning can characterize the complex heterogeneity in wildfire smoke-related health impacts.

Hasanah Hasanah, Wulandari wulandari, Afriani afriani et al.

Porphyridium cruentum has advantages in pigments and exopolysaccharides, so it has the potential to be developed in the food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries. Porphyridium cruentum cultivation media uses synthetic and indoors, causing high costs. This study aims to determine the growth performance of Porphyridium cruentum in different mediums and method of cultivation. The research methods used cultivating Porphyridium cruentum for 7 days with four treatments, namely indoors Guillard media (IGM), outdoors Guillard media (OGM), indoors fertilizer media (IFM), and outdoors fertilizer media (OFM. Each treatment had three replications. Growth was identified using an optical density spectrophotometer uv-vis, gravimetrically dried weight of biomass and pH adjustment during 7 days of cultivation. The result shows the best growth performance in IFM, followed by IGM, OFM, and OGM. Fertilizer media is better for the growth of Porphyridium cruentum than Guillard media. pH growth Porphyridium cruentum during cultivation 7-7.5. Indoor cultivation is better than outdoor cultivation. The highest biomass was IFM, which had the best performance in IFM with OD 0.247, pH 7, and biomass 79.6%.

Hassan Haji Amiri, Arash Seghfi Asl, Mehdi Ashjaie

The question of resource constraints is an issue for all industrialized, developed and developing countries. Therefore, saving on fossil energy consumption and sustainable development have become very important and common issues internationally. So as to conserve energy resources, prevent contamination of the land and the environment, reduce fossil energy use and co-exist with natural and state-of-the-art environments, one of the most important measures in architecture and urban planning, and the architects and urban planners have to adhere to the principles and rules. Special in the field of construction. Over the years, various guidelines, standards, and standards have been developed to optimize energy consumption in buildings, including the most noteworthy metrics today (LEED). The purpose of the present study is to identify the causal pattern of environmental sustainability principles based on the Leid's Code. The present study is of applied purpose and of descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of this study consisted of Qom architects and experts. The sample size was 25 individuals. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, fuzzy DEMATEL model was used. The results of this study showed that amongst the biodiversity sustainability criteria based on the Leading Model of the Sustainable Site Criterion was identified as the most influential criterion and the Regional Priority and Innovation Criteria in the design as the most influential criterion. Energy, climate and water efficiency and indoor air quality of materials and materials were also identified as intermediate criteria.

Michalina Gruszczyńska, Adam Jarzemski, Agnieszka Kolossa et al.

Introduction and objective: Treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is frequently used all around the world. Just like in the course of all the drugs administration, side effects may appear, including characteristic side effects presenting on the skin. The aim of the study was to analyse adverse skin reactions to antiepileptic drugs, focusing on their epidemiology, symptoms and treatment. Methods: Databases including PubMed and Google Scholar were browsed using keywords. Description of the state of knowledge: The majority of adverse skin reactions (ASRs) constitute mild rashes and urticaria, however in about 10% cases severe reactions may occur, which can be life-threatening. They include Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN), Serum Sickness and Serum Sickness - like Reactions and Drug Induced Vasculitis. In the course of TEN mortality rates are highest, however all reactions can be dangerous and treatment should be applied immediately. In mild and moderate cases drug withdrawal is usually sufficient, however more severe cases need to be treated with immunosuppressive agents. Summary: The awareness about possible adverse effects and their treatment is crucial as some can be life-threatening and immediate therapy increases the chance of recovery.

Kazuo Hiekata, Zhinan Zhao

The maritime industry is trying to utilize new technology for enhancing its competitiveness to overcome today’s severe economic situation, and some interact effects, or potentially emergent effects, will emerge during the introduction of these technologies. In this study, various simulations that relate to marine logistics and shipping were performed. By contrast, a detailed method that can reproduce emergent effects is required to some extent. This study utilized a Monte Carlo simulation for uncertainties, such as market and failure uncertainties. To evaluate and explore the emergent effect correctly and accurately when multiple technologies are introduced, an evaluation methodology was developed, which can evaluate the interact effect from the perspective of profit improvement and CO₂ reduction during the transportation period. As a case study, decision making for introducing 28 technology combinations to the maritime industry was conducted, and the utility of the proposed methodology was assessed.

محمد بوقوفة

هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد الإصابات الأكثر شيوعا في الوسط المدرسي و أسباب حدوثها و كذا الإجراءات الوقائية التي تسهم في التقليل من حدوثها أثناء ممارسة النشاط البدني و الرياضي ، و لتحقيق هذا الهدف استعنا في دراستنا بعينة قدرت بـ 360 تلميذ و تلميذة من الذين تعرضوا للإصابات أثناء ممارسة الأنشطة الرياضية في الوسط المدرسي ، و 90 أستاذ و 12 طبيب من أطباء الصحة المدرسية بولاية الشلف ومن أهم النتائج التي توصلنا إليها ، أن أسباب الإصابات الرياضية تعود إلى التصادم و الاحتكاك المباشر و إلى الأرضيات الغير مناسبة و عدم كفاية الإحماء ، و أهم الإجراءات التي تساهم في خفض نسب الإصابات الرياضية أثناء ممارسة النشاط البدني والرياضي التقيد بتعليمات الأستاذ وتوفير عوامل الأمن والسلامة من أدوات و أرضيات مناسبة للممارسة الرياضية و أداء الإحماء بشكل كافي

Md. J. U. Khan, F. Durand, F. Durand et al.

<p>The Bay of Bengal is a well-known breeding ground to some of the deadliest cyclones in history. Despite recent advancements, the complex morphology and hydrodynamics of this large delta and the associated modelling complexity impede accurate storm surge forecasting in this highly vulnerable region. Here we present a proof of concept of a physically consistent and computationally efficient storm surge forecasting system tractable in real time with limited resources. With a state-of-the-art wave-coupled hydrodynamic numerical modelling system, we forecast the recent Supercyclone Amphan in real time. From the available observations, we assessed the quality of our modelling framework. We affirmed the evidence of the key ingredients needed for an efficient, real-time surge and inundation forecast along this active and complex coastal region. This article shows the proof of the maturity of our framework for operational implementation, which can particularly improve the quality of localized forecast for effective decision-making over the Bengal delta shorelines as well as over other similar cyclone-prone regions.</p>

Budimansyah Budimansyah, Nina Herlina Lubis, Miftahul Falah

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguak tata ruang Galuh Pakwan sebagai ibukota terakhir Kerajaan Galuh, sejauhmana pola ruang kota tersebut berkaitan dengan nilai-nilai kelokalan sebagaimana tergambar dalam historiografi tradisional. Dalam penelitian ini metode sejarah akan dipergunakan sebagai fitur utama agar menghasilkan suatu hasil kajian yang komprehensif, dan menggunakan teori tata kota, serta metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Minimnya sumber terkait sejarah Galuh Pakwan, wawancara secara mendalam kepada para narasumber diharapkan bisa menjadi suatu bahan analisis historis. Berdasarkan fakta di lapangan, Galuh Pakwan sebagai ibukota kerajaan berawal dari sebuah kabuyutan. Pada masa pemerintahan Niskalawastu Kancana, kabuyutan tersebut dijadikan pusat politik dengan tetap menjalankan fungsi kabuyutannya. Seiring waktu, Galuh Pakwan menjelma menjadi sebuah kota yang tata ruangnya menunjukkan representasi dan implementasi konsep kosmologi Sunda. Galuh Pakwan terbentuk oleh pola radial-konsentris menerus, sebagai gambaran kosmologi Sunda sebagaimana terungkap dalam naskah-naksah Sunda kuna. The research is not only aimed at uncovering the spatial layout of Galuh Pakwan as the last capital of Galuh Kingdom, but also at exploring how well the relationship between the urban spatial patterns and the local values as depicted in the traditional historiography. Beside having the historical methods as the main feature to produce a comprehensive study result, the study also uses the urban planning theory, as well as the descriptive qualitative methods. The historical sources related to the history of the Galuh Pakuan are very limited. As a result, the in-depth interviews with the resource persons are expected to be appropriate as the observation material for historical analysis. Based on the facts found in the field, the Galuh Pakwan as the capital of the kingdom originated from a Kabuyutan. During the reign of Niskalawastu Kancana, Kabuyutan served as a political center while maintaining its original function as Kabuyutan. As the time passed, the Galuh Pakwan was transformed into a city whose spatial layout represented and implemented the Sundanese cosmological concept. The Galuh Pakwan was formed by a continuous radial-concentric pattern, as a description of Sundanese cosmology in the ancient Sundanese manuscript.

Rodrigo Silva Lemos, Antônio Pereira Magalhães Junior

O presente artigo tem como finalidade discutir o processo histórico de uso e ocupação territorial da bacia hidrográfica do alto Rio das Velhas e suas implicações para a dinâmica de qualidade e quantidade das águas, considerando sua função enquanto manancial para o abastecimento da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. É realizada uma retomada histórica do processo de ocupação orientada por revisão bibliográfica e uma análise de monitoria de alteração de uso da terra a partir de técnicas de geoprocessamento e de sensoriamento remoto. O artigo mostra que a expansão urbana e da mineração são as atividades mais intensificadas no período de análise, mas apresentam formas e contextos diferentes. Ao final, são traçadas considerações sobre os impactos ambientais decorrentes das duas principais formas de ocupação antrópica identificadas: a mineração e a expansão urbana. 

CHRIS R. STOKES, LISS M. ANDREASSEN, MATTHEW R. CHAMPION et al.

The recession of mountain glaciers worldwide is increasing global sea level and, in many regions, human activities will have to adapt to changes in surface hydrology. Thus, it is important to provide up-to-date analyses of glacier change and the factors modulating their response to climate warming. Here we report changes in the extent of >120 glaciers on the Lyngen Peninsula, northern Norway, where glacier runoff is utilised for hydropower and where glacial lake outburst floods have occurred. Glaciers covered at least 114 km2 in 1953 and we compare this inventory with those from 1988, 2001 and a new one from 2014, and previously-dated Little Ice Age (LIA) limits. Results show a steady reduction in area (~0.3% a−1) between their LIA maximum (~1915) and 1988, consistent with increasing summer air temperatures, but recession paused between 1988 and 2001, coinciding with increased winter precipitation. Air temperatures increased 0.5°C per decade from the 1990s and the rate of recession accelerated to ~1% a−1 between 2001 and 2014 when glacier area totalled ~95.7 km2. Small glaciers (<0.05 km2) with low maximum elevations (<1400 m) experienced the largest percentage losses and, if warming continues, several glaciers may disappear within the next two decades.

Tim Gustafson

Artist's Statement for the cover art of IJPS volume 5, issue 2: Watershed, 2018. Music video.

Editores de albuquerque: revista de história

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M. Boettle, D. Rybski, J. P. Kropp

In contrast to recent advances in projecting sea levels, estimations about the economic impact of sea level rise are vague. Nonetheless, they are of great importance for policy making with regard to adaptation and greenhouse-gas mitigation. Since the damage is mainly caused by extreme events, we propose a stochastic framework to estimate the monetary losses from coastal floods in a confined region. For this purpose, we follow a Peak-over-Threshold approach employing a Poisson point process and the Generalised Pareto Distribution. By considering the effect of sea level rise as well as potential adaptation scenarios on the involved parameters, we are able to study the development of the annual damage. An application to the city of Copenhagen shows that a doubling of losses can be expected from a mean sea level increase of only 11 cm. In general, we find that for varying parameters the expected losses can be well approximated by one of three analytical expressions depending on the extreme value parameters. These findings reveal the complex interplay of the involved parameters and allow conclusions of fundamental relevance. For instance, we show that the damage typically increases faster than the sea level rise itself. This in turn can be of great importance for the assessment of sea level rise impacts on the global scale. Our results are accompanied by an assessment of uncertainty, which reflects the stochastic nature of extreme events. While the absolute value of uncertainty about the flood damage increases with rising mean sea levels, we find that it decreases in relation to the expected damage.

Federico Álvarez Gandolfi

Resumen: Este artículo se propone presentar un acercamiento a los debates sobre la aplicación de técnicas propias del método etnográfico al estudio de comunidades que conforman y/o refuerzan lazos sociales en el ciberespacio. La necesidad de esta aproximación se debe a que, en Argentina, puede advertirse una escasa y dispersa producción académica respecto de las ciberculturas, aun dentro del contexto contemporáneo de creciente digitalización y convergencia donde las interacciones cotidianas vía Internet tienden a constituirse como una de las dimensiones centrales de la vida sociocultural. En consecuencia, aquí se propone una posible recopilación bibliográfica alrededor de las discusiones conceptuales y las reflexiones metodológicas que, tanto en la academia anglosajona como en la de habla hispana, se han dado desde la antropología, la sociología y la comunicación sobre lo que implica la «etnografía virtual» (Hine, 2004). ______________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: The aim of this work is to present an approach to the discussions on the implementation of the ethnographic method to the study of community bonds in cyberspace. The need for such an approach is due to the fact that, in Argentina, it can be seen a sparse and scattered academic production regarding cybercultures, yet in the contemporary context of increasing digitization and convergence where everyday interactions via the Internet are established as one of the central dimensions of sociocultural life. Therefore, here is proposed a possible bibliography around the conceptual discussions and methodological reflections that, both in the Anglo and Hispanic academy, have been taking  place from anthropology, sociology, and communication, about what “virtual ethnography” (Hine, 2004) implies.

Kinga Öllerer

The reviewed book meets the increase expectation of studying traditional ecological knowledge of the Hungarian-speaking Csángó [Tsango] ethnics, comparing it to Western science, and thus bringing further substantial proof of how traditional ecological knowledge can complement and help deepen scientific findings.

Marina Dantas de Figueiredo

The purpose of this essay is to outline an experiential way of understanding the organization, from a embodied perspective, that privileges the analyses of organizational practices situated in the environment. We take the dwelling perspective in order to enrich the comprehension of the life-world where the perception takes place and to clarify how knowledge emerges from situated living practices. This paper proposes an approach that describes living practices based on the entwinement with the life-world, such as an embodied process situated in the environment. The paper presents new possibilities of research about the relation between individuals and organizations, as the dwelling perspective enables the comprehension that the organization is not only inhabited, but is a living space. The goal is to fill gaps identified in the two studies on practices in Organizational Studies: (1) the effort to rescue the critical potential of practices in relation to positivist and rationalist concepts imposed on organizational studies and (2) the need to promote clearer articulation about the entwinement with life-world, considering that this idea is crucial for the analysis of practice rooted in the environment.

REMUS CREŢAN, DAVID TURNOCK

La minorité tsigane en Roumanie: une étude dans la marginalité. Les études sociales présentent souvent les tsiganes comme un groupe défavorisé avec un niveau de vie relativement faible et accès réduit au système de santé. Les tsiganes en Roumanie n’en représentent pas une exception et cet étude examine la situation du groupe minoritaire, se référant particulièrement à la période de transition caractérisée par des majeures innovations politiques et améliorations matérielles, surtout à cause d’un gros revenu européen. Certainement il y a une discrimination évidente contre les tsiganes, ce qui rend l’article à envisager la marginalité comme contingente, systémique et collatérale. Mais, il est aussi argumenté le fait qu’il existe un élément de l’auto-exclusion, parce que, pendant que beaucoup d’éléments des tsiganes ont été assimilés sans cesse avec succès, un important élément résiduel insiste sur la préservation des éléments ‘d’identité’ impliquant la séparation de la culturepopulaire en termes de la modernisation de l’éthique et de l’état de droit. Sur cette base, il est argumenté le fait que les programmes d’amélioration devraient considérer comme complémentaires les deux aspects du problème à l’aide de quelques programmes qui intensifient l’intégration sociale et économique pour les tsiganes et encouragent cette communauté variée à développer le niveau de compréhension conformément aux normes culturelles de la citoyenneté et de la société civile. Un rôle particulier envisage l’éducation qui estfondamentale pour que les jeunes tsiganes puissent efficacement concurrencer sur le marché du travail. Une évaluation nationale – se basant essentiellement sur des données officielles – est complétée par une étude de cas de la région Banat, montrant en détail comment les programmes ont été complétés par l’activité du secteur ONG.

Sugeng Utaya

Land use management causes the changes of the function of the land in the city. The change of the function of uncultivated land to be cultivated land has a potential to change soil biophysical characteristic, and at the same time, it decreases the absorption of soil water. This research aims: (1) to study the influence of the landuse change towards soil biophysical characteristics, (2) to study the correlation between soil biophysical characteristics and infiltration capacity, and (3) to study the influence of the landuse change towards the infiltration capacity. The landuse change is studied by comparing the ongoing mapping documents. Soil biophysical characteristics consist of root biomass, number of worms, soil organic matter (SOM), and porosity. The root biomass is obtained by root density, the number of worms is identified with monolith and hand sorting method, the SOM is identified with fraction analysis, and the porosity is identified with cylinder and pignometer method. The water absorption is measured with the plot experiment. The influence of the landuse towards soil biophysical traits is analyzed T-test and the influence of landuse change towards infiltration capacity is analyzed correlatively. This research gains the results that: (1) the landuse change causes the change of soil biophysical traits, too, and the soil biophysical traits change causes, furthermore, the declining of the land capability in absorbing water, and (2) the amount of the infiltration capacity is caused by soil biophysical traits, mostly by root biomass, number of worms, and the SOM, and (3) the landuse change causes the declining of infiltration capacity.