Hasil untuk "Folklore"

D. Hand, Keming Yu

Davar Khoshnevisan, Cheuk Yin Lee

Esser and Loosveldt have recently resolved a long-standing open problem in the folklore by proving that fractional Brownian motion (fBm) has slow points in the sense of Kahane, following a rich theory of slow points developed for Brownian motion and other, related, self-similar Markov processes. We presently introduce another method for the study of slow points in order to compute the Hausdorff dimension of fBm slow points. Our method follows recent ideas on the points of slow growth for SPDEs but also requires a number of new localization ideas that are likely to have other applications.

Lê Thành Dũng Nguyên, Paweł Parys

We show a theorem on monadic second-order k-ary queries on finite words. It may be illustrated by the following example: if the number of results of a query on binary strings is O(number of 0s $\times$ number of 1s), then each result can be MSO-definably identified from a 0-position, a 1-position and some finite data. Our proofs also handle the case of first-order logic / aperiodic monoids. Thus we can state and prove the folklore theorem that dimension minimisation holds for first-order string-to-string interpretations.

Shlapak Yuliia, Bulakhova Galyna

Relevance of the study. Book publishing in Ukraine is an important component of the cultural and educational life of the nation, which defines the richness of Ukrainian literature and influences Ukrainians’ awareness of themselves as a nation. Presentation of the main material. In 2016, the Ukrainian Book Institute (hereinafter referred to as the UBI) was established under the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine. The UBI’s programs are aimed at developing Ukrainian literature and culture: 1. Translate Ukraine - translation support program. The goal is to increase the presence of Ukrainian literature on the international stage and support the publication of Ukrainian books in other languages. 2. Reading promotion program in Ukraine. The goal is to create national projects to improve the level and quality of reading among the Ukrainian public. One of the two largest events of this type in Ukraine is the Publishers’ Forum in Lviv (BookForum). Since 2011, every year, the Book Arsenal fair has been held in Kyiv (organized by National Cultural and Art Museum Complex Mystetskyi Arsenal). A number of other book festivals are held in Kyiv, Odesa, Zaporizhzhia, and other major cities, most of these festivals are local in nature. 3. Promotion of Ukrainian literature abroad. The goal is to increase the presence of Ukrainian literature on the international stage through launching international projects and participation in foreign book events. 4. The Ukrainian Book Program supports and promotes the development of the Ukrainian book market by financing new publications. 5. The Public Library Replenishment Program aims to replenish public library collections, bringing the best books of modern Ukrainian and world literature to readers across the country. 6. The Digital Library Program - a project to create a complete digital database of Ukrainian classics, new books, and rare editions, accessible to everyone. According to the authors, it is worth providing brief overviews of the activities of institutions similar to UBI, in the Baltic states, since they, like Ukraine, were part of the Soviet Union until they regained their independence in 1991 (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania were annexed by the Soviet Union after World War II). 1. Estonia. Estonian Literature Centre (ELIC, Eesti Kirjanduse Teabekeskus) 2. Latvia. Latvian Literature Centre (LLC, Latvijas Literatűras centrs). 3. Lithuania. Lithuanian Culture Institute (LKI, Lietuvos kultűros institutas). Lithuanian Institute of Literature and Folklore (Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore, Lietuviř literatűros ir tautosakos institutas, LLTI). Conclusions. The UBI is an important element of the Ukrainian book space, ensuring its development, promotion, and protection in national and international contexts. A special research should shed light on the institutions similar to UBI, in the Baltic countries.

Raisiya A. Kudryavtseva

This research work was carried out within the framework of a relevant scientific field related to the study of local texts in national literatures. The article presents a study of the local text defined by the concept locus, namely, a philological analysis of the ‘Chukot text’ in modern Mari lyrics. The research material is the Chukot cycle of poems by Gennady Oyar ‘Northern Flashes’, created in the Mari language, with the involvement of authorized translations into Russian in some cases. The paper uses the techniques of contextual, conceptual, and structural-semantic analysis of local texts. The author of the article considers artistic techniques and means relevant to the formation of the ‘Chukot text’ (toponyms, specific natural phenomena and images, landscape, objects of vital activity and signs of national life, material and spiritual culture, folklore and mythological images and motifs, individual linguistic inclusions). Within the framework of the stated problem of ‘Other/Self’ in the author’s worldview, a set of consistently realized motives (expectation, fear, discovery, surprise, admiration, rapprochement, acceptance, recognition of kinship of souls) that make up the lyrical plot is studied; principles and techniques of inclusion in the ‘Chukot text’ of the Mari world, nostalgic notes and author’s reflections are studied. Chukotka through Mari. The author’s ‘myth’ about Chukotka as a cultural space of the northern people, characterized by extreme natural conditions, the ontological and at the same time heroic essence of people who preserve their mythology and traditions, is investigated; it is proved that the knowledge of the ‘Other’ allowed the Oyar to truly appreciate his ‘Self’ and establish himself in the Mari ethno-identity.

Tsvetomira Ivanova Kazashka, Veneta Tabakova-Komsalova

This paper presents an ontology describing Bulgarian dance folklore as part of Bulgaria's cultural and historical heritage. The study focuses on a specific dance piece – "Horo in Sofia", choreographed by Kiril Djenev. The ontology is developed in accordance with the CCO (Cataloging Cultural Objects) standard, which provides guidelines for data content standards. The created ontological structure serves as a knowledge base intended for use by intelligent agents. The application of standards significantly facilitates data dissemination, with CCO providing clear and precise definitions of the attributes an object should possess. The ontologies, developed in Protégé, are designed to meet the requirements of this standard. Five key characteristics were used to represent the dance: ethnographic area, artistic-social function, participant composition, number of participants, and musical accompaniment. Semantic modeling utilizes RDF, and the additional application of RDFS and OWL provides a powerful toolkit for modeling and creating ontologies. This work lays the foundation for the digital transformation of Bulgarian dance heritage and provides a valuable resource for researchers, teachers, and students. The development is part of a broader project focused on the digitization of cultural and historical heritage.

Jana Migašová

This study is a_compilation of notes on the concept of folkloric kitsch, understood as a_secondary aesthetic product of modernism that specifically participates in shared feelings of national pride in Central European countries. The aesthetic core of folkloric kitsch production involves the decontextualised and redundant use of elements borrowed from original folk art, aiming to communicate originality, authenticity, and national self-sufficiency. In Slovakia, the kitsch mode of presenting folklore is often used not only in the tourism sector but also to promote ideas charged with nationalism, particularly as part of populist political communication. Against the backdrop of reconstructing European and Slovak thought and writing on the relationship between kitsch and politics, this article attempts to reconstruct and explain folkloric kitsch in the realm of painting as a_specific aesthetic vehicle for the powerful ethnic populism.

Martin Farach-Colton, William Kuszmaul, Nathan Sheffield et al.

In the Memory Reallocation Problem a set of items of various sizes must be dynamically assigned to non-overlapping contiguous chunks of memory. It is guaranteed that the sum of the sizes of all items present at any time is at most a $(1-\varepsilon)$-fraction of the total size of memory (i.e., the load-factor is at most $1-\varepsilon$). The allocator receives insert and delete requests online, and can re-arrange existing items to handle the requests, but at a reallocation cost defined to be the sum of the sizes of items moved divided by the size of the item being inserted/deleted. The folklore algorithm for Memory Reallocation achieves a cost of $O(\varepsilon^{-1})$ per update. In recent work at FOCS'23, Kuszmaul showed that, in the special case where each item is promised to be smaller than an $\varepsilon^4$-fraction of memory, it is possible to achieve expected update cost $O(\log\varepsilon^{-1})$. Kuszmaul conjectures, however, that for larger items the folklore algorithm is optimal. In this work we disprove Kuszmaul's conjecture, giving an allocator that achieves expected update cost $O(\varepsilon^{-1/2} \operatorname*{polylog} \varepsilon^{-1})$ on any input sequence. We also give the first non-trivial lower bound for the Memory Reallocation Problem: we demonstrate an input sequence on which any resizable allocator (even offline) must incur amortized update cost at least $Ω(\log\varepsilon^{-1})$. Finally, we analyze the Memory Reallocation Problem on a stochastic sequence of inserts and deletes, with random sizes in $[δ, 2 δ]$ for some $δ$. We show that, in this simplified setting, it is possible to achieve $O(\log\varepsilon^{-1})$ expected update cost, even in the ``large item'' parameter regime ($δ> \varepsilon^4$).

Changzheng Li, Konstanze Rietsch, Mingzhi Yang et al.

We construct a Plücker coordinate superpotential $\mathcal{F}_-$ that is mirror to a partial flag variety $\mathbb{ F}\ell(n_\bullet)$. Its Jacobi ring recovers the small quantum cohomology of $\mathbb{ F}\ell(n_\bullet)$ and we prove a folklore conjecture in mirror symmetry. Namely, we show that the eigenvalues for the action of the first Chern class $c_1(\mathbb{ F}\ell(n_\bullet))$ on quantum cohomology are equal to the critical values of $\mathcal{F}_-$. We achieve this by proving new identities in quantum Schubert calculus that are inspired by our formula for $\mathcal{F}_-$ and the mirror symmetry conjecture.

Qisheng Wang

Measuring the distinguishability between quantum states is a basic problem in quantum information theory. In this paper, we develop optimal quantum algorithms that estimate both the trace distance and the (square root) fidelity between pure states to within additive error $\varepsilon$ using $Θ(1/\varepsilon)$ queries to their state-preparation circuits, quadratically improving the long-standing folklore $O(1/\varepsilon^2)$. At the heart of our construction, is an algorithmic tool for quantum square root amplitude estimation, which generalizes the well-known quantum amplitude estimation.

Fatma Kalpaklı

Kamila Shamsie’s Home Fire (2017) tells the story of British Muslims and mainly focuses on the issue of otherness of the non-Christian British citizens. Home Fire (2017) won the 2018 Women’s Prize for Fiction and it deals with the cultural clashes experienced by the two British families of Pakistani descent due to their otherness in the eye of White Anglo-Saxon Protestant (WASP) majority in Britain. It is shown that the harder they try to be welcomed by the White Anglo-Saxon Protestant (WASP) culture, the more othered they feel in the White Anglo-Saxon Protestant (WASP) society. Eventually, some characters try to escape from their otherness by going beyond the borders of Britain and by becoming a global person in the contemporary interconnected global world. Thus, this study aims to explore how Kamila Shamsie defines the ‘otherness’ and the possibilities of being a global citizen in her novel, namely Home Fire (2017). Her literary works gains more importance as Rishi Sunak, who has been Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Conservative Party since October 2022, has been in the spotlight of media due to his religious, ethnic and cultural background. Sunak, born and bred in Britain, yet has Indian parents who migrated to Britain from East Africa in the 1960s, might also be seen as one of the millions of others living in Britain. Historically speaking, he is the first British Asian and Hindu to hold the office of prime minister in Britain. Hence, this historical event makes Kamila Shamsie’s British Muslim Pakistani fictional character named Karamat Lone, who is appointed as Home Secretary in Home Fire, more remarkable and puts a spotlight on the novel.

Cecilia Trillo, Bárbara Arias Toledo

La Etnobotánica médica es uno de los componentes claves que mantienen la salud de los pobladores poseen sus raíces en las generaciones pasadas y fueron transmitidos de manera oral hasta la actualidad incorporando todos los cambios sociales, económicos y ambientales. A partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Folklore de 1921 generada por docentes de todo el territorio provincial se sistematizaron los datos conservados en microfilms y se compararon con los datos etnobotánicos actuales presentes en publicación especializadas. En la actualidad se registra la vigencia del 94% de las spp identificadas, además el abandono, transformaciones y resignificaciónes en el uso y percepción de las 204 plantas medicinales mencionadas hace más de 100 años, dando cuenta de la vitalidad del patrimonio biocultural.

Malin P. Forsström, Jonatan Lenells, Fredrik Viklund

We consider the 4D fixed length lattice Higgs model with Wilson action for the gauge field and structure group $\mathbb{Z}_n$. We study Wilson line observables in the strong coupling regime and compute their asymptotic behavior with error estimates. Our analysis is based on a high-temperature representation of the lattice Higgs measure combined with Poisson approximation. We also give a short proof of the folklore result that Wilson line (and loop) expectations exhibit perimeter law decay whenever the Higgs field coupling constant is positive.

Josh Alman, Kevin Rao

We give algorithms with lower arithmetic operation counts for both the Walsh-Hadamard Transform (WHT) and the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on inputs of power-of-2 size $N$. For the WHT, our new algorithm has an operation count of $\frac{23}{24}N \log N + O(N)$. To our knowledge, this gives the first improvement on the $N \log N$ operation count of the simple, folklore Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform algorithm. For the DFT, our new FFT algorithm uses $\frac{15}{4}N \log N + O(N)$ real arithmetic operations. Our leading constant $\frac{15}{4} = 3.75$ improves on the leading constant of $5$ from the Cooley-Tukey algorithm from 1965, leading constant $4$ from the split-radix algorithm of Yavne from 1968, leading constant $\frac{34}{9}=3.777\ldots$ from a modification of the split-radix algorithm by Van Buskirk from 2004, and leading constant $3.76875$ from a theoretically optimized version of Van Buskirk's algorithm by Sergeev from 2017. Our new WHT algorithm takes advantage of a recent line of work on the non-rigidity of the WHT: we decompose the WHT matrix as the sum of a low-rank matrix and a sparse matrix, and then analyze the structures of these matrices to achieve a lower operation count. Our new DFT algorithm comes from a novel reduction, showing that parts of the previous best FFT algorithms can be replaced by calls to an algorithm for the WHT. Replacing the folklore WHT algorithm with our new improved algorithm leads to our improved FFT.

Alba Giráldez Otero, Alba Quintairos-Soliño

Jorge Fandinno, Seemran Mishra, Javier Romero et al.

We take up an idea from the folklore of Answer Set Programming, namely that choices, integrity constraints along with a restricted rule format is sufficient for Answer Set Programming. We elaborate upon the foundations of this idea in the context of the logic of Here-and-There and show how it can be derived from the logical principle of extension by definition. We then provide an austere form of logic programs that may serve as a normalform for logic programs similar to conjunctive normalform in classical logic. Finally, we take the key ideas and propose a modeling methodology for ASP beginners and illustrate how it can be used.

Pieter Naaijkens, Yoshiko Ogata

The split property of a pure state for a certain cut of a quantum spin system can be understood as the entanglement between the two subsystems being weak. From this point of view, we may say that if it is not possible to transform a state $ω$ via sufficiently local automorphisms (in a sense that we will make precise) into a state satisfying the split property, then the state $ω$ has a long-range entanglement. It is well known that in 1D, gapped ground states have the split property with respect to cutting the system into left and right half-chains. In 2D, however, the split property fails to hold for interesting models such as Kitaev's toric code. In fact, we will show that this failure is the reason that anyons can exist in that model. There is a folklore saying that the existence of anyons, like in the toric code model, implies long-range entanglement of the state. In this paper, we prove this folklore in an infinite dimensional setting. More precisely, we show that long-range entanglement, in a way that we will define precisely, is a necessary condition to have non-trivial superselection sectors. Anyons in particular give rise to such non-trivial sectors. States with the split property for cones, on the other hand, do not admit non-trivial sectors. A key technical ingredient of our proof is that under suitable assumptions on locality, the automorphisms generated by local interactions can be 'approximately factorized': they can be written as the tensor product of automorphisms localized in a cone and its complement respectively, followed by an automorphism acting near the 'boundary' of $Λ$, and conjugation with a unitary. This result may be of independent interest. This technique also allows us to prove that the approximate split property, a weaker version of the split property that is satisfied in e.g. the toric code, is stable under applying such automorphisms.

Trepavlov V.V.

Research objectives: The author makes an attempt to determine the correctness of the emphasis in the Russian name of the Khanate Taht Eli – Bol’shaya (Great) or Bol’shaya (Greater) Horde; to check the connection of this name with the Mongolian and Turkic designations of the Mongol Empire, the Golden Horde, and the Crimean Khanate. Research materials: Russian, Lithuanian, and Crimean diplomatic correspondence from the fifteenth to seventeenth centuries; Russian medieval chronicles and other works; works of European authors of the sixteenth century; Turkic, Mongolian, and Persian histo­rical works from the thirteenth to eighteenth centuries; Golden Horde yarlyqs; monuments of Tatar and Kazakh folklore, historiography of the problem under study. Results and novelty of the research: The author concludes that the designation “Great Horde” (Bol’shaya) existed in Russian speech of the fifteenth century. This conclusion has to be justified, since, firstly, it seemed obvious and therefore had never been argued in historiography. Secondly, it must be discussed due to the recently proposed variant pronunciation ‘Bol’shaya’ (Greater Horde). The analyzed Russian name of Takht eli was a translation of one of the versions of the official name of the Jochi Ulus and at the same time, it repeated the distorted name of the Mongol Empire. The possible origins of the Russian name of the Jochi Ulus, the ‘Golden Horde’, are also to be found within the imperial history of the Mongols.

Matt Hills

This article considers how popular/spreadable misogyny enters into Doctor Who fans’ discourse communities via fan-cultural appropriation, mixing external political and internal fan discourses. This can oppose fannish communal norms such as “convivial evaluation” and “ante-fandom”. The theoretical perspective taken in the article combines work on toxic fandom with anti-fandom to thus understand fan toxicity as “multiphrenic”, i.e. drawing on multiple discourses and self-investments, including responding to its own anti-fans. The article goes on to examine YouTube voiceover-commentary videos from one communally-prominent Whotuber representing Not My Doctor anti-fandom, showing how they use devices such as the acousmetre and “stripped down” subjectivity to open a projective space for toxic fandom and enact a flat affect characterising what is termed “performative rationality”. Crucially, leftwing narratives of toxicity and hate are completely inverted to the extent that Doctor Who and the BBC are presumed, without evidence, to “hate” straight white male conservative fandom.

Savolainen, Stina