Hasil untuk "Art"

David R. Vago, D. Silbersweig

Mindfulness—as a state, trait, process, type of meditation, and intervention has proven to be beneficial across a diverse group of psychological disorders as well as for general stress reduction. Yet, there remains a lack of clarity in the operationalization of this construct, and underlying mechanisms. Here, we provide an integrative theoretical framework and systems-based neurobiological model that explains the mechanisms by which mindfulness reduces biases related to self-processing and creates a sustainable healthy mind. Mindfulness is described through systematic mental training that develops meta-awareness (self-awareness), an ability to effectively modulate one's behavior (self-regulation), and a positive relationship between self and other that transcends self-focused needs and increases prosocial characteristics (self-transcendence). This framework of self-awareness, -regulation, and -transcendence (S-ART) illustrates a method for becoming aware of the conditions that cause (and remove) distortions or biases. The development of S-ART through meditation is proposed to modulate self-specifying and narrative self-networks through an integrative fronto-parietal control network. Relevant perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral neuropsychological processes are highlighted as supporting mechanisms for S-ART, including intention and motivation, attention regulation, emotion regulation, extinction and reconsolidation, prosociality, non-attachment, and decentering. The S-ART framework and neurobiological model is based on our growing understanding of the mechanisms for neurocognition, empirical literature, and through dismantling the specific meditation practices thought to cultivate mindfulness. The proposed framework will inform future research in the contemplative sciences and target specific areas for development in the treatment of psychological disorders.

Zhenjun Ma, P. Cooper, D. Daly et al.

S. McAndrew

Zhe Chen, Josep M. Guerrero, F. Blaabjerg

F. Biljecki, J. Stoter, H. Ledoux et al.

In the last decades, 3D city models appear to have been predominantly used for visualisation; however, today they are being increasingly employed in a number of domains and for a large range of tasks beyond visualisation. In this paper, we seek to understand and document the state of the art regarding the utilisation of 3D city models across multiple domains based on a comprehensive literature study including hundreds of research papers, technical reports and online resources. A challenge in a study such as ours is that the ways in which 3D city models are used cannot be readily listed due to fuzziness, terminological ambiguity, unclear added-value of 3D geoinformation in some instances, and absence of technical information. To address this challenge, we delineate a hierarchical terminology (spatial operations, use cases, applications), and develop a theoretical reasoning to segment and categorise the diverse uses of 3D city models. Following this framework, we provide a list of identified use cases of 3D city models (with a description of each), and their applications. Our study demonstrates that 3D city models are employed in at least 29 use cases that are a part of more than 100 applications. The classified inventory could be useful for scientists as well as stakeholders in the geospatial industry, such as companies and national mapping agencies, as it may serve as a reference document to better position their operations, design product portfolios, and to better understand the market.

C. Bakis, L. Bank, V. Brown et al.

A. H. Andersen, A. Kak

P. Barham, Boris Dragovic, K. Fraser et al.

H. Rubin, I. Rubin

B.‐J. de Gans, P. Duineveld, U. Schubert

Lutz E. Schlange

I. Kononenko

M. Bishop

Anthony F. C. Wallace

Despite its relative brevity, Walter Benjamin’s essay “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction,” continues to inspire significant scholarly attention as a major work in the history of modern aesthetic and political criticism. The essay is credited with developing an insightful interpretation of the role technological reproduction plays in shaping aesthetic experience; more specifically, Benjamin catalogues the significant effects of film and photography on the decline of autonomous aesthetic experience. After fleeing the Nazi government in 1933, Benjamin moved to Paris, from where he published the first edition of “Work of Art” in 1936 (Brodersen XV). This publication appeared in French translation under the direction of Raymond Aron in volume 5, no. 1 of the Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung. Benjamin subsequently rewrote the essay and after editorial work by Theodore and Margarethe Adorno it was posthumously published in its commonly recognized form in his Schriften of 1955 (Wolin 183-4).

S. Murshed, P. Estellé

Klaudia Kaiser

Dejan Grba

AI art comprises a spectrum of creative endeavors that emerge from and respond to the development of artificial intelligence (AI), the expansion of AI-powered economies, and their influence on culture and society. Within this repertoire, the relationship between the cognitive value of human vision and the wide application range of computer vision (CV) technologies opens a sizeable space for exploring the problematic sociopolitical aspects of automated inference and decision-making in modern AI. In this paper, I examine the art practices critically engaged with the notions and protocols of CV. After identifying and contextualizing the CV-related tactical AI art, I discuss the features of exemplar artworks in four interrelated subject areas. Their topical imbrications, common critical points, and shared pitfalls plot a wider landscape of tactical AI art, allowing me to detect factors that affect its poetic cogency, social responsibility, and political impact, some of which exist in the theoretical premises of digital art activism. Along these lines, I outline the routes for addressing the challenges and advancing the field.

T. Pham, L. Brochard, Arthur S Slutsky

P. McLean

List of Tables and Figures ix Preface xi 1. The Principles of Networking as a Social Process 1 2. The Rhetoric and Design of Florentine Letter Writing 35 3. The Socially Contested Concept of Honor 59 4. What Gets Said When in Patronage Letters 90 5. The Dynamics of Office Seeking 121 6. Friends of Friends: Raccomandazione as Rhetoric and as Constitutive Principle 150 7. Patronage and the Stalled Transformation of the State 170 8. "Servants and Slaves in Everything and for Everything": Renaissance Networking and the Emergent Modern Self? 193 Conclusion: Culture and the Network 224 Notes 231 Bibliography 255 Index 279

Phyllis Waruguru, Dasel Mulwa, Michael Okoth et al.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively suppresses HIV viral load. However, people living with HIV (PLWH) fail to achieve optimal viral suppression and especially in resource limited settings. Nutritional supplements such as Moringa oleifera have been traditionally used to improve health outcomes in PLWH, yet their effects on viral load remain under researched. Objective: To evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Moringa oleifera seed flour on HIV viral load among adult women receiving ART in a resource-limited setting. Methods: This was a crossover clinical trial involving 70 HIV-positive women with viral loads ≤1000 copies/mL at Marigat Sub-County Hospital, Kenya. First, Mothers living with HIV were subjected to 6 months of standard care followed by 6 months of dietary supplementation with Moringa oleifera seed flour alongside standard care. Viral load assessments were done at baseline, after 6 months of standard care, and after another 6 months of Moringa supplementation. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests and regression models. Results: Both standard care and supplementation phases yielded statistically significant reductions in viral load (p < 0.001). Supplementation with Moringa oleifera showed a slightly greater reduction in absolute mean viral load than standard care alone, though the difference between the two was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). No statistically significant associations were found between viral load and age, education, marital status, employment, or BMI. Conclusion: Supplementation of the diet with Moringa oleifera seed flour alongside ART may enhance viral suppression, the observed effects were not statistically significant compared to standard care alone. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term efficacy and dosage optimization.