Hasil untuk "Academies and learned societies"

Gildo Magalhães

Simcha Gross, Avigail Manekin-Bamberger

Abstract:Since their discovery, the Jewish Babylonian Aramaic incantation bowls have typically been understood to represent “popular” Jewish religious practice that stood in marked contrast with the scholastic rabbinic elite. As a result of this characterization, the usefulness of the bowls for understanding Babylonian Jewish society and the position of the rabbis within it has remained largely unexplored. With the continued publication and study of the bowls, however, the dichotomy between the world of the learned elites and the masses allegedly responsible for the bowls has become increasingly difficult to maintain. This article argues that the Jewish Babylonian Aramaic incantation bowls do not constitute a single corpus; rather, they were produced by different groups of scribes, some of whom consistently employed recognizable Jewish literature from a variety of genres and eschewed non-Jewish invocations. Moreover, we demonstrate how some bowl scribes invoke in an unprecedented manner not only rabbis of the distant past but also local rabbis, the rabbinic class, and even rabbinic academy heads. This evidence suggests that some bowls scribes had greater intellectual and social proximity to the rabbis, rendering a more complicated depiction of Babylonian Jewish society.

Mark C. Dawkins

This article discusses my life experiences as: 1) a Black student studying accounting at several predominantly white institutions (PWIs), and 2) a Black accounting faculty member serving at two PWIs for 27 years. It includes some personal thoughts, memories, experiences, and lessons learned. After seeing videos of several Blacks suffocated or fatally shot by police officers and civilians, I felt compelled to write it with the hope that my comments would better sensitize primarily majority accounting faculty to the actual or perceived realities of the world and, more specifically the academy, from the perspective of one Black accounting faculty member. Also, I hope my comments provide some lessons and insights about the need for and benefits derived from DEI training, initiatives, and programs that help serve to guide our actions and behaviors as we educate the next generation of accounting students for life after college as practitioners and society  members.

Tatiana Miroshina

Democratic principles and values must be learned by every generation in order to solve pressing problems. The purpose of this study was to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the pedagogical conditions for the formation of the civic position of students at higher educational institution. The object of research is the civic position of students. We have created and tested pedagogical conditions in experimental work. The sample consisted of 90 teachers, including 22 curators, 260 students of the Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy. The survey was carried out from 2016 to 2020. The paper presents the results of the pedagogical experiment, confirmed by the data of a comprehensive assessment of the formation level of the student civic position at the present stage of society development. The substantive component of the activities of teachers, students in classroom and extracurricular activities, based on the principles of citizenship, democracy, tolerance, involvement in the experience of civic action is considered. The course of organizing the activities of curators on the formation of student civic position, the development of self-government in student groups is presented. The work of the academy on the development of partnerships with the public, educational institutions, government, and business is described. Analysis of the results allows us to state that this process is controlled. The pedagogical conditions are: interaction of all subjects of the academy in classroom and extracurricular activities, their professional training, interaction with the public; the formation of temporary working teams from teachers to highlight special topics in the disciplines studied by students, issues that affect the development of student civic consciousness and behavior and the widespread use of active teaching methods in the educational process; organization of curators activities aimed at the formation of student civic position; monitoring the process of student civic position formation.

A. Kurjak

and content, the structure and coordination within and between different departments and levels of government, policy-making institutions, programs for implementation, and measures for assessment. At the international level, it has profound implications for our conception of multilateralism and the type, structure, and relationship between the complex array of international institutions established to foster peace and human security for "we the people." COVID-19 is a call for new ways of thinking, knowing, educating, decision-making, and practical execution of measures to promote human security for the common good. Humanity is called on today to change many things, but most of all, our understanding of the world we live in, our place in it, and our relationship to it and to one another. Within our learned societies group, we have incredibly active Ian Donald Inter-University School of Ultrasound. With its 142 schools worldwide, Donald School is the most dynamic educational platform in the world. Of course, endless pandemic strongly affected regular activities, which in 2019 had more than 11,000 participants worldwide. Board of the Donald School was, however, very active in organizing 16 webinars and the most actual topics in both developed and developing countries (Table 1). Thousands of participants took part in our distance learning program. We also did not stop producing new books within the Donald School library. The list of published books during the pandemic is listed in Table 2. However, we are very much aware that nobody on the ground can seriously predict the end of pandemics. Of course, we are missing our direct physical contact with participants very strongly. We understand that teaching is a transmission of enthusiasm and that the intellectual charm of the speakers in direct contact with participants cannot be replaced successfully. However, the reality is different. We will have to adapt to the new distance learning program within Donald School and the International Academy of COVID-19 pandemic had suddenly turned the highly globalized world into the lockdown when not only international travel was warranted but, in many instances, free movements within the countries and even within the neighborhood. Human rights were challenged during the fight against the new virus, but the pandemic has also raised questions about the obligations of each individual to protect others. Politics, science, and often the church were on the collision paths. Keeping in mind the diversity of the world ́s societies in economic, religious, political, and environmental issues, we should not be surprised about the confusion and controversies in people ́s minds and behavior regarding vaccination that is supposed to be one of the ways how to fight the Sars-CoV-2 virus. Furthermore, even the most prestigious medical journals are not immune to publishing publications with gross scientific fraud. COVID-19 pandemic, apart from the death toll and destroyed economies, has changed the world in a previously unseen way of great magnitude. For almost 2 years, every single person has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in one way or another. This global disaster has changed the world not only temporarily but in many manners permanently. High mortality and morbidity rate, economic and social impacts are the most significant short-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Still, regardless of the unknown end of the pandemic, it will have vast and long-lasting effects on every segment of life. In an elegant recent editorial, Cadmus sends a message that the unanticipated consequences of COVID-19 are impacting every sector, field of activity, and level of global society today. They are raising unemployment and inequality, compelling adoption of unconventional economic policies, polarizing societies, activating political extremism, aggravating competitive nationalism, contesting the veracity of scientific knowledge, undermining international cooperation, and the functioning of the multilateral system. At a more fundamental level, the pandemic has exposed a plethora of hidden threats to human well-being which challenge prevailing notions of security, laid bare the inadequacy of partial theories, revealed the limitations of narrowly framed sectoral policies and strategies implemented by specialized agencies, and highlighted fundamental questions regarding the complex, interconnected nature of the social reality on which our understanding of the world and ourselves is based. The pandemic thus reiterates the need for fundamental changes in theory, intellectual disciplines, educational curricula Professor Emeritus, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Corresponding Author: Asim Kurjak, Ljubinkovac stube 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, e-mail: asim.kurjak1@yahoo.com How to cite this article: Kurjak A. Distance Learning and Artificial Intelligence: New Challenges for Donald School Educational Activities. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021;15(4):323–325. Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None Distance Learning and Artificial Intelligence: New Challenges for Donald School Educational Activities

Equipe Editorial

Francisco Rômulo Monte Ferreira, Francisco Assis de Queiroz

Este artigo se propõe examinar o papel da narrativa biográfica na história da ciência. No presente trabalho se examina o caráter híbrido das biografias e a maneira como a biografia científica está indissociavelmente relacionada com a visão de Ciência que vigora no Ocidente nos séculos XIX e XX. Apresentamos um esboço biográfico de Charles Darwin como estudo de caso.

Teodora Shek Brnardić

The Patriotic Society, founded in February 1793 by the learned Dubrovnik aristocrat Miho Sorgo (1739-1796), is considered the first true Enlightenment society in the Republic of Dubrovnik. Unlike the previous humanistic and baroque societies, which bore the name “academy” and were all dedicated to literary and linguistic topics, Sorgo’s society of amateur scholars was focused on practicality and social engagement. This meant a critical attitude towards the reality of Dubrovnik, and especially towards the ruling aristocratic oligarchy gathered in the Senate, which held a monopoly on political decision-making. Although Europe was undergoing profound social and political transformations at the time, the static nature of Dubrovnik’s conservative circles did not allow for any attempts at reform. Owing to this, the society of reformists was very short-lived, lasting only a year. This paper will present an overview of academic sociability in Dubrovnik up to the eighteenth century, as well as the establishment and goals of the Patriotic Society and its members. The topics of preserved speeches will be presented and the role of the aristocrat Tomo Bassegli (1756–1806), whose Enlightenment profile was formed during his stays in Switzerland, Germany and Austria.

Ana Torrejais

O desenvolvimento da indústria ferroviária brasileira na primeira metade do século XX deveu-se a uma conjunção de fatores, que seriam determinantes para a progressiva modernização tecnológica deste setor. Entre esses fatores, pretende-se analisar o impacto das estratégias de capacitação da força de trabalho, adotadas pelas companhias ferroviárias paulistas a partir de 1920 e em articulação com as normativas internacionais de gerência cientifica. Conforme se procurará demonstrar, a consolidação do ensino profissional no setor industrial ferroviário deveu-se, sobretudo, à atuação do engenheiro Roberto Mange, idealizador da Escola Profissional Mecânica do Liceu de Artes e Ofícios de São Paulo, posteriormente substituída pelo Centro Ferroviário de Ensino e Formação Profissional e finalmente continuado pelo Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Profissional, prevalecendo os fundamentos da organização racional do trabalho na metodologia de ensino veiculada por estas instituições.

Krystian Szadkowski

Niniejszy artykuł dostarcza mapy trzyelementowego zestawu pojęciowego z porządku tego, co wspólne (dobra wspólnego, dóbr wspólnych oraz tego, co wspólne) w odniesieniu do szkolnictwa wyższego. Robi to przy pomocy metody ontologii politycznej. Omawia powyższe trzy pojęcia w odniesieniu do sześciu wymiarów rzeczywistości szkolnictwa wyższego (ontologii, polityki, stosunków własności, zasad ładu akademickiego, korzyści oraz finansowania). Tym samym nie tylko przedstawia systematyczne ujęcie szkolnictwa wyższego widziane przez pryzmat tego, co wspólne, ale również wyjaśnia istotowe (a niekiedy subtelne) różnice między samymi pojęciami. Co więcej podejmuje również zwięźle kwestie różnic między pojęciami z porządku tego, co wspólne, a tymi z porządku tego, co publiczne. Wreszcie, artykuł stara się udzielić wglądu w to, co ten konkretny zestaw pojęciowy może zaoferować badaczom w zakresie myślenia i projektowania alternatywy dla szkolnictwa wyższego w jego dzisiejszym kształcie.

Krystian Szadkowski, Jakub Krzeski

Niniejszy tekst przedstawia trzy dominujące narracje na temat uniwersytetu w kryzysie, jak również możliwe scenariusze dla przyszłego uniwersytetu, które się z nich wyłaniają. Nacisk położony zostaje na trzy różne ontologie, które podtrzymują wspominane dyskursy: indywidualną, publiczną i tego, co wspólne. W celu odsłonięcia ukrytych przesłanek, które oddziałują na wspominane dyskusje, wprowadzona zostaje metoda ontologii politycznej. Krytyczna analiza ontologicznych założeń, wspierających wizję przyszłego uniwersytetu, pokazuje, że dwa pierwsze hegemoniczne modele, choć przedstawiane jako alternatywy, w istocie wiąże założenie statyczności sektora. Dlatego też niniejszy artykuł przedstawia ontologię relacji opierającą się na tym, co wspólne, jako sposób wyrwania się z klinczu wywołanego hegemonią dyskursów o prywatnym i publicznym charakterze uniwersytetu.

Dito Aditia Darma Nasution, Handriyani Dwilita, Vina Arnita

State Senior High School1 Sunggal Deli Serdang Regency, which has high quality studentshave a high enthusiasm in entrepreneurship so that the potential to be able to bring upsuccessful young entrepreneur. The success of coaching young people into entrepreneurswill increase regional scale economic prosperity in this case in Deli Serdang Regencyeven on a national scale (Indonesian). Activities carried out in this community serviceis in the form of accounting training activities for students of State Senior High School 1 Sunggal Deli SerdangRegency. The purpose of this activity is to develop entrepreneurship for studentsSenior High School 1 SunggalDeli Serdang Regency so that it becomes a successful young entrepreneur.The results of community service activities indicate an increase in knowledgeand accounting skills in entrepreneurship by Senior High School 1 Sunggal Deli Serdang Regency students

Andrzej Szuwarzyński

W artykule przedstawiono analizę i ilościową ocenę funkcjonowania 18 polskich uczelni technicznych uwzględniającą dwa podstawowe problemy: rezygnację ze studiów w trakcie pierwszego roku oraz wskaźniki ukończenia studiów w nominalnym czasie. Do oceny efektywności procesu dyplomowania wykorzystano prostą metodę wskaźnikową oraz nieparametryczną metodę Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Ocenę przeprowadzono dla studiów pierwszego stopnia prowadzonych w formie stacjonarnej i niestacjonarnej. Na podstawie prostych wskaźników dokonano wstępnej oceny zjawiska. W modelu DEA uwzględniono po stronie nakładów liczbę studentów rozpoczynających studia w 2011 roku, liczbę nauczycieli akademickich oraz całkowitą liczbę studentów pierwszego stopnia. Po stronie rezultatów uwzględniono liczbę absolwentów z roku 2015 oraz liczbę osób, które zrezygnowały po pierwszym roku studiów. Model ten pozwolił na stworzenie rankingu oraz obliczenie pożądanych wartości zmiennych uwzględnionych w analizie, dla uczelni nieefektywnych. W interpretacji wyników uwzględniono wcześniej zdefiniowane wskaźniki.

Aleksandra Rzyska

Wobec rosnącego zainteresowania tematyką szkolnictwa wyższego w publicznych debatach wzrasta także potrzeba badań nastawionych na analizy publicznego dyskursu. Jedną z interesujących perspektyw dla badań zajmujących się dyskursem jest koncepcja ramowania (framing), która jest związana z procesami przypisywania znaczeń, selekcjonowania i uwypuklania określonych kwestii w publicznych przekazach. Celem artykułu jest analiza anglojęzycznej literatury naukowej z zakresu szkolnictwa wyższego i rozpoznanie, w jaki sposób koncepcja ramowania jest wykorzystywana w zagranicznych badaniach prowadzonych w tym obszarze. Przeglądem objęto dziewięć międzynarodowych periodyków naukowych podejmujących zagadnienia związane z obszarem szkolnictwa wyższego. Wybrane doniesienia z badań wykorzystujące koncepcję framingu zostały przeanalizowane m.in. pod kątem takich kryteriów jak: przedmiot prowadzonych badań, rodzaj materiałów empirycznych, specyfika tematyczna, metoda badawcza czy perspektywa teoretyczna.

Paulo Henrique Monteiro, Olga Sofia Fabergé Alves, Cristiano Correa de Azevedo Marques

No início da década de 1960 a Organização Mundial de Saúde reconhece no campo da imunologia uma perspectiva para o controle de doenças infectocontagiosas, no que diz respetio às áreas diagnóstica e de imunização. Em 1963 foi estabelecido um programa em escala mundial voltado ao desenvolvimento de pesquisas em imunologia com a formação de Centros de Pesquisa e Treinamento em Imunologia, entre estes estava o de São Paulo.  O presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever o contexto de criação desse centro, seus objetivos e conteúdos, público-alvo e atividades, identificar os principais personagens e sua repercussão no cenário da ciência e tecnologia. Método: Estudo descritivo utilizando pesquisa documental e entrevistas com docente e ex-alunos do IRTC. Resultados: Inicialmente instalado na Escola Paulista de Medicina no ano de 1966, foi transferido para o Instituto Butantan em 1969 onde manteve suas atividades até 1987. Essas se assentavam no binômio ensino-pesquisa, com aulas teóricas e práticas laboratoriais. Nos dez primeiros anos de funcionamento foram recebidos 21 professores estrangeiros, de 18 instituições de sete países. Conclusão: Entre 1966 e 1983 formaram-se pelo menos 131 imunologistas brasileiros e latino americanos. Isto significou um importante aporte na formação de uma massa crítica para a consolidação desta disciplina no País e na América do Sul.

João Denardi Machado

A partir da percepção de que o conhecimento histórico é construído na tensão entre o objeto de análise e o tripé composto por fundamentos teórico-metodologicos, debate historiográifico e análise documental, o texto demonstra como a história do Instituto Oscar Freire da Faculdade de Medicina da USP pode ser compreendida dentro dessas definições, de forma a romper com a visão linearista e memorialista do passado da instituição.

The Medieval Academy of America held its ninety-third annual meeting in Atlanta on 1–3 March 2018. Emory University was the host for the meeting. Meeting of the Corporation. The annual meeting of the Corporation was held on Friday, 2 March. President Margot Fassler presided. The minutes of the ninety-second annual meeting were approved. Reports were delivered by the Executive Director, the Editor of Speculum, the Treasurer, the CARA Chair, the Delegate to the American Council of Learned Societies, and the Chair of the Graduate Student Committee. The Van Courtlandt Elliott Prize was awarded to Alison Locke Perchuk, California State University, Channel Islands, for her article “Schismatic (Re)Visions: Sant’Elia near Nepi and Sta. Maria in Trastevere in Rome, 1120–1143,” published in Gesta 5 (2016): 179–212. The Karen Gould Prizes in Art History were awarded to Elina Gertsman, Case Western Reserve University, for Worlds Within: Opening the Medieval Shrine Madonna, published by Pennsylvania State University Press in 2015; and to Christina Maranci, Tufts University, for Vigilant Powers: Three Churches of Early Medieval Armenia, published by Brepols in 2015. The John Nicholas Brown Prize was awarded to Dimitri Korobeinikov, State University of New York, Albany, for Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century, published by the Oxford University Press in 2014. The Digital Humanities and Multimedia Studies Prize was awarded to Elizabeth S. Bolman, Case Western Reserve University, for her project “The Digital Red Monastery Church: Open Access for Scholars and the Public, for Research and Teaching.” The Haskins Medal was awarded to Brian A. Catlos, University of Colorado, Boulder, for Muslims of Medieval Latin Christendom, c.1050–1614, published by Cambridge University Press in 2015. The Robert L. Kindrick–CARA Award for Outstanding Service to Medieval Studies was awarded to Bonnie Wheeler of Southern Methodist University. The CARAAwards for Excellence in TeachingMedieval Studies were awarded toMonica H. Green of Arizona State University and Emily Steiner of the University of Pennsylvania. The Atlanta Program Committee awarded travel subventions for meritorious papers to the following graduate students: Matthew Delvaux, Boston College; Gina M. Hurley, Yale University; Ann E. Killian, Yale University; Robin S. Reich, Columbia University; and Laura Maria Somenzi, Emory University. Robin S. Reich was also awarded the prize for Best Graduate Student Paper. The 2018 slate chosen by mail ballot was presented to the assembled members. All present, without dissent, voted to accept the slate and elect the following: President (2018–19): DavidWallace, University of Pennsylvania; First Vice-President (2018–19): RuthMazo Karras (2019), University of Minnesota; Second Vice-President (2018–19): Renate BlumenfeldKosinski, University of Pittsburgh; Councillors (2018–21): Raymond Clemens, Yale University; Valerie Garver, Northern Illinois University; Lucy Pick, University of Chicago; and Kathryn Smith, New York University;Nominating Committee (2018–19): Robin Fleming, Boston College; and Catherine Saucier, Arizona State University. Session sponsored by the Fellows. The session sponsored by the Fellows was held on Saturday, 3 March. John Van Engen, President of the Fellows, presided. In the 2018 election Keith Busby, Cynthia Hahn, and Amy Remensnyder were elected Fellows; Jacques Dalarun and Walter Pohl were elected Corresponding Fellows. Professor Hahn was present for formal induction. Citations were read by Rita Copeland, Orator of the Fellows. The session

D. Carpenter

K. Rajewsky