Hasil untuk "Regional planning"

Amare Workie, Abdulaziz Assefa, Mandefro Assefaw et al.

Background Paternal postpartum depression among fathers of newborns is a new concept in Ethiopia. It is an emerging public health concern because it produces insidious effects on the well-being of newborns as well as on the whole family. However, there is limited evidence on the prevalence of paternal postpartum depression and its associated factors among partners of postpartum women in Ethiopia.Design A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted.Setting This study was conducted in Dessie town, Amhara Regional State, Northeast Ethiopia.Participants 634 partners of postpartum women participated in the study between 10 January and 10 February 2023. The study included fathers whose spouses had given birth in the last 12 months and who had been of the randomly selected kebeles for at least 6 months. Fathers aged <18 years at the time of data collection were excluded from the study. Data were collected through the structured and pretested Amharic questionnaire through face-to-face interviews.Primary and secondary outcome measures A standardised and validated depression-screening instrument (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) was used to assess paternal postpartum depression. Variables with a P value<0.25 in the bivariable analyses were used as the cut point for eligibility in the multivariable binary logistic regression model. Finally, statistically significant associated factors or secondary outcomes were declared at a p value<0.05 and were reserved in the final model with 95% CI.Results 610 fathers were interviewed, with a response rate of 96.2%, and the prevalence of paternal postpartum depression was 19% (95% CI 16.0 to 22.3). This study showed that not being comfortable with income (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.32 (95% CI 1.16 to 4.66)], substance use (AOR=2.48 (95% CI 1.22 to 5.05)), prior parenting experience (AOR=1.89 (95% CI 1.02 to 3.50)), unplanned pregnancy (AOR=2.81 (95% CI 1.50 to 5.25)) and infant sleep problems (AOR=4.59 (95% CI 1.80 to 7.18)) were significantly associated with paternal depression.Conclusion and recommendations This study revealed that nearly one-fifth of fathers had paternal depression. Factors significantly associated with PPD were not being comfortable with family income, substance use, experience of childbirth, unplanned pregnancy and infant sleeping problems. This suggests the need to provide health education to decrease substance use and counselling on the utilisation of family planning to minimise unplanned pregnancy and support offered to multiparous fathers.

S. K. Malick, V. Chavan, V. Chavan et al.

Geospatial technologies are rapidly emerging as pivotal tools for advancing sustainable urban and rural development through citizen empowerment in India and worldwide. This study systematically reviews peer-reviewed and grey literature to examine their integration with global frameworks, such as the SDGs, Paris Agreement, and Sendai Framework, while aligning with Indian initiatives like NAPCC, Smart Cities, Digital India, SVAMITVA, AMRUT, and the National Geospatial Policy 2022, with emphasis on the citizen as a crucial feedback factor. Employing thematic mapping and comparative analysis between the Global North and South, we evaluate applications in urban planning, mobility, energy, resilience, and health, highlighting platforms like PPGIS, VGI, Bhuvan, and 'Know Your DIGIPIN' for participatory data collection and decision-making.</p> <p>Our analysis reveals regional disparities in India, with the southern zone leading in innovation (35% adoption) and the eastern region focussing on disaster management (15%), along with global successes in disaster relief, welfare targeting, and immunisation tracking. Quantitative impacts include India's geospatial market growth to ₹63,000 crores by 2025 and AMRUT 2.0's rapid water and sewerage coverage expansion in many major cities. However, persistent challenges include technical knowledge gaps in academia, insufficient institutional support for geospatial startups, and barriers like low digital literacy and language limitations that restrict broader participation.</p> <p>We recommend enhanced geospatial education, open data policies, vernacular interfaces, and inclusive citizen science frameworks to bridge these gaps, foster equitable participation, and realise geospatial intelligence's full potential for resilient, data-driven sustainability.

Qi He, Yuqing Jiang, Xiangli Wu et al.

Transcriptomics and 4D label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics technologies were used to study the molecular basis of fruiting body development in Pleurotus ostreatus at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels. During the transition from the mycelium to the primordium stage, a greater number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were down-regulated, and phosphorylation levels decreased in most differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs). During the transition from primordium to fruiting body stage, was characterized by a predominance of up-regulated DEGs and enhanced phosphorylation levels in a larger proportion of DPPs. During the transition from primordium to fruiting body stage, a greater number of DEGs were up-regulated, and phosphorylation levels were enhanced in the DPPs. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of key DPPs revealed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, ribosome, spliceosome, and RNA transport were critical pathways influencing fruiting body development. Functional validation of the key gene PoMPK1 in the MAPK signaling pathway was performed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation. The results demonstrated that interference with the PoMPK1 gene promoted fruiting body development, indicating that PoMPK1 negatively regulates fruiting body development in P. ostreatus. This work provides a theoretical reference for the molecular mechanism of fruiting body development in P. ostreatus.

Selma B. Pena

This study aims to assess the role of headwater systems (HS) in enhancing ecological connectivity and supporting Green Infrastructure in the Centre Region of Portugal. Specifically, it identifies restoration opportunity areas within HS by analysing land-use changes over the past 70 years, modelling land-use scenarios to promote ecological resilience, and evaluating connectivity between HS and Natura 2000 sites. The methodology integrates spatial analysis of historical land-use data with connectivity modelling using least-cost path approaches. Results show substantial transformation in HS areas, notably the expansion of eucalyptus plantations and a decline in agricultural land. Approximately 58% of the HS are identified as requiring restoration, including areas within the Natura 2000 network. The connectivity assessment reveals that HS can function as effective ecological corridors, contributing to improved water regulation, soil conservation, gene flow, and wildfire mitigation. A total of 61 potential ecological linkages between Natura 2000 sites were identified. These findings highlight the strategic importance of integrating HS into regional and national Green Infrastructure planning and supporting the implementation of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. The study recommends prioritising headwater restoration through multi-scale planning approaches and active involvement of local stakeholders to ensure sustainable land-use management.

Hassan Haji Amiri, Arash Seghfi Asl, Mehdi Ashjaie

The question of resource constraints is an issue for all industrialized, developed and developing countries. Therefore, saving on fossil energy consumption and sustainable development have become very important and common issues internationally. So as to conserve energy resources, prevent contamination of the land and the environment, reduce fossil energy use and co-exist with natural and state-of-the-art environments, one of the most important measures in architecture and urban planning, and the architects and urban planners have to adhere to the principles and rules. Special in the field of construction. Over the years, various guidelines, standards, and standards have been developed to optimize energy consumption in buildings, including the most noteworthy metrics today (LEED). The purpose of the present study is to identify the causal pattern of environmental sustainability principles based on the Leid's Code. The present study is of applied purpose and of descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of this study consisted of Qom architects and experts. The sample size was 25 individuals. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, fuzzy DEMATEL model was used. The results of this study showed that amongst the biodiversity sustainability criteria based on the Leading Model of the Sustainable Site Criterion was identified as the most influential criterion and the Regional Priority and Innovation Criteria in the design as the most influential criterion. Energy, climate and water efficiency and indoor air quality of materials and materials were also identified as intermediate criteria.

Fredua Agyemang

Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11) focuses on making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Although the goal primarily addresses urban development, its principles also extend to rural areas, but the extent to which South Africa’s legal and policy frameworks empower traditional authorities to contribute to the development of their communities, particularly towards achieving SDG11, remains insufficiently explored. This study investigates how South Africa’s national legislative frameworks on traditional leadership have been applied to support the advancement of SDG 11. It examines the legal provisions within the 1996 Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, and relevant legislation to determine whether these frameworks provide a strong legal basis for promoting SDG 11 through the empowerment of traditional leadership. This study employs a desktop research methodology involving a comprehensive review of relevant laws, policies, and case law. Secondary data were gathered from case studies, journal articles, books, case laws, and credible internet sources. The findings suggest that the traditional authority system is deeply embedded within the South African Constitution, as well as legislative and policy frameworks, and has been effectively leveraged to advance SDG 11. Key insights emphasise the constitutional and legal recognition of traditional authorities and highlight the enforcement of traditional leadership roles and functions through various legal cases, and SDG 11-aligned programmes in South Africa. The areas where the role and functions of traditional leadership intersect with SDG 11 and rural development include security and safety, community participation, land management and sustainable settlements, cultural heritage and community identity, disaster management, and environmental stewardship. The empowerment of traditional leadership in South Africa has significant implications for achieving SDG 11 and rural development. These implications include enhanced local governance and service delivery, increased accountability and transparency, balanced rural-urban linkages, promotion of environmental stewardship, and the fostering of inclusive development. It also strengthens rural resilience, preserves cultural heritage, promotes sustainable resource management, and improves community engagement. However, challenges related to power dynamics, equity, and the need for policy integration and cohesion must be addressed to ensure that traditional leadership empowerment contributes effectively to sustainable development in South Africa.

Achmad Tjachja Nugraha, Fikriyah Fikriyah, Izatul Ihsansi Hidayana et al.

Community empowerment is one of the solutions to overcome the problem of poverty in an area. Community empowerment can be carried out by utilizing local potential and developing aspects and social capital. Based on the theory of the poverty circle, several factors cause poverty, including income levels, education levels, and the amount of consumption. Ponorogo Regency is one of the top 10 food support districts in East Java, with progress in the agricultural sector capable of supporting regional food security. However, many underprivileged residents have a poverty rate 2022 of 9.32% of the total population. Based on these facts, this study aims to reveal the relationship between social capital, education level, and income level in Ponorogo Regency. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis with independent variables (Xn), including the level of public education (X1) and human capital (X2), as well as the dependent variable (Y), namely the level of welfare of the people of Ponorogo Regency. The analysis results show that in Ponorogo Regency, there is a correlation between social capital and the level of education and community welfare. The level of social welfare is influenced by education and human capital. The higher the education level and human capital, the higher the social welfare and social capital formed. The development of social capital in networks at the educational level of Ponorogo Regency is very closely related, especially to participation in the religious field. Likewise, the relationship with norms on social capital in which the community has no tendency for a certain level of education related to the desire to implement applicable norms. However, participation in traditional activities has a closer relationship only at the elementary to secondary education level. The analysis results also show that the people of Ponorogo Regency with any income level have a close relationship with all elements of social capital, namely trust, social networks, and norms. Low-income people are associated with an increase in social class.

Vitória Ribeiro Gomes Maria, Figueiredo Ferreira Giulia, Ferreira de Araújo Daniele et al.

In peripheral countries, the lack of adequate urban planning associated with natural dynamics intensifies the existing vulnerabilities of the environment, causing physical and material losses. Therefore, this research aims to discuss the potential use of Environmental Protection Areas as a tool to drive urban growth with a low-impact development, helping to mitigate urban floods and bringing nature into the city landscape. The municipality of Maricá, located in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is taken as a case study. The method proposed to drive the regional environmental planning and management can be described as a three-stage method coupled with the adapted SWOT Matrix, following: the diagnosis, the prognosis, and the action plan. This process points to the definition of a Hydrological Interest Area that would allow not only the restoration of local vegetation and a better interaction of the population with the watercourses, but also the recovery of areas that have been gradually impacted by the urban expansion. The method presented in this research allows its application in different urban contexts, once it has the objective of recognizing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to allow the elaboration of sustainable actions and guidelines.

Shuai Guo, Shuai Guo, Xuejiao Liao et al.

Polygonum is a generalized genus of the Polygonaceae family that includes various herbaceous plants. In order to provide aid in understanding the evolutionary and phylogenetic relationship in Polygonum at the chloroplast (cp) genome-scale level, we sequenced and annotated the complete chloroplast genomes of four Polygonum species using next-generation sequencing technology and CpGAVAS. Then, repeat sequences, IR contractions, and expansion and transformation sites of chloroplast genomes of four Polygonum species were studied, and a phylogenetic tree was built using the chloroplast genomes of Polygonum. The results indicated that the chloroplast genome construction of Polygonum also displayed characteristic four types of results, comparable to the published chloroplast genome of recorded angiosperms. The chloroplast genomes of the four Polygonum plants are highly consistent in genome size (159,015 bp–163,461 bp), number of genes (112 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes), gene types, gene order, codon usage, and repeat sequence distribution, which identifies the high preservation among the Polygonum chloroplast genomes. The Polygonum phylogenetic tree was recreated by a full sequence of the chloroplast genome, which illustrates that the P. bistorta, P. orientale, and P. perfoliatum are divided into the same branch, and P. aviculare belongs to Fallopia. The precise system site of lots base parts requires further verification, but the study would provide a basis for developing the available genetic resources and evolutionary relationships of Polygonum.

Palash Chandra Das, Md. Esraz-Ul-Zannat

The increased risks of storm flood occurrences in large cities are the result of land use changes due to rapid urbanization. This study examines the influence of land use changes in Khulna City Corporation (KCC) area on surface runoff over a period of 15 years, from 2005 to 2020. Land use–land cover (LULC) maps for 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 were created employing support vector machine (SVM)-based supervised image classification using time-series satellite data, and the surface runoff was determined using Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number model. The major land use change drivers of surface runoff were determined through a correlation analysis. Surface runoff was observed to follow a similar trend as that of impervious urban areas, which went up by 5.44% from 2005 to 2020 (17.00 mm increment in average runoff) and the opposite trend was found in vegetation land cover, which declined by 13.34% in areal extent throughout the study period. In comparison with other types of land use, surface runoff changes were most significantly associated with the changes in urban impervious areas and vegetation land use-land cover (LULC) class. In fast-growing cities across the world, and especially in developing nations, the results of this study may serve as a guide for urban storm flood management and urban planning efforts. HIGHLIGHTS Between 2005 and 2020, the urban area increased by 9.82%, while vegetation cover dropped by 13.24%.; During 2005–2020, the relative degree of average runoff depth on a particular day with a 100-year rainfall event rose by 5.44% (17.00 mm).; The increase in runoff depth was found to be positively and negatively correlated with the expansion of urban impervious areas and changes in vegetation land cover class, respectively.;

Tusar Kanti Roy

Weike Lu, Feng Wang, Lan Liu et al.

Planning for a bus-based regional evacuation is essential for emergency preparedness, especially for hurricane or flood prone urban environments with large numbers of transit-dependent or transit-captive populations. This paper develops an optimization-based decision-support model for pedestrian–bus evacuation planning under bus fleet, pedestrian and bus routes, and network constraints. Aiming to minimize the evacuation duration time, an optimization model is proposed to determine the optimal pickup nodes for evacuees to assemble using existing pedestrian routes, and to allocate available bus fleet via bus routes and urban road network to transport the assembled evacuees between the pickup nodes and designated public shelters. The numerical examples with two scenarios based on the Sioux Falls street network from North Dakota (United States) demonstrates that this model can be used to optimize the evacuation duration time, the location of pickup nodes and bus assignment simultaneously. First published online 13 October 2020

Abdullah E. Akay, Hasan Serin, John Sessions et al.

Forest roads are the key infrastructures that provide access to forest areas for sustainable management, protection, and utilization of forest resources. In order to benefit from the important functions of forest roads, they should be built in with adequate technical road standards. The road network with low technical standards require more frequent major repairs to ensure continues access to forest resources. In addition, only small trucks with low load capacity can move on the low standard roads. Furthermore, the low road standards limit the truck speed that increases vehicle travel time. These negative effects increase the transportation costs which are an important part of the timber production costs in Turkey. Thus, improving the road standards and developing forest transportation planning should be evaluated together in the most appropriate way. Large logging trucks with high load capacity are generally preferred for efficient transportation of wood-based forest products. In Turkey, large logging trucks, however, cannot operate on the most of the forest roads because insufficient technical road standards (road width, curve radius, surface materials, road structures) limit the maneuverability of large logging trucks. In this study, the objective is to determine the effects of improving forest road standards on total net profit of forest products by using the NETWORK 2000 program, a heuristic approach for solving forest transportation problems. Three Forest Enterprise Chiefs (FECs) located in Mustafakemalpaşa Forest Enterprise Directorate (FED) in Bursa Forest Regional Directorate were selected as the study area. The digital data layers for forest road network was generated by using ArcGIS 10.4 software. In the solution process, firstly, the optimum routes that minimize the transportation cost and maximize the total net profit of forest products on existing forest road networks were investigated for a truck type (15 ton) currently used in the region. In the second case, forest transportation was planned for the high load capacity truck (29 ton) moving on the forest roads with improved standards. In the first case, the transportation costs and annual major repair costs were considered in the calculation of the net profit of forest products, while one time cost of road improvement activities (i.e. road improvement construction, road structure installation, road surface construction) and annual maintenance costs were considered along with transportation costs in the second case. In both cases, the costs of other forest operations (i.e. felling, logging, etc.) were not considered since it was assumed that they do not vary with the forest transportation alternatives. As a result of the transportation plan developed for high load capacity truck, the annual transportation cost decreased by 46.85% comparing to the local logging trucks with low load capacity. Using improved road standards, the total road costs computed for the time period of 30 years (i.e. the average expected life cycle of forest roads) were reduced by 4.64%. The total net profit of forest products transported by using a high load capacity truck was 473 340 Euro more than that of using low load capacity truck on the existing forest road network. Thus, improving road standards might result in some additional costs in the road construction stage, but total net profit of forest products increase since transportation costs along with maintenance and repair costs considerably decrease in the long term.

Amalachukwu Chijindu Ananwude, Steve Nkem Ibenta, Gideon Kasie Ezu et al.

Purpose - This paper investigates the effect of commercial bank regulations, namely the price, product, and geographic regulations, on the intermediation function of commercial banks in Nigeria.  Methods - Using secondary data from 1986 to 2017 from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the World Bank, this study employs the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model and Granger causality framework. Findings - This paper provides evidence of a long-run relationship between commercial bank regulation and intermediation function represented by private sector credit to RGDP (regional gross domestic product). It also finds that commercial banks' regulation index through price, product, and geographic regulation has a positive relationship with intermediation function. Furthermore, the long-run relationship between commercial bank regulation and intermediation function described by private sector credit to RGDP is affirmed. Implication - The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) needs to relax the product regulation to allow commercial banks to engage in various conventionally non-banking activities. Originality - The paper contributes to the literature by ascertaining the commercial banks' intermediation function to Nigeria's economic growth and development.

Widjaja Martokusumo, Heru W Poerbo, Joko Sarwono et al.

According to UNESCO Convention 1972, cultural heritage consists of tangible and intangible heritage. Soundscape has been considered as a part of the intangible heritage, and it refers to the perceptual quality. In the realm of built environment, perceptual qualities become important concerns, since cultural heritage cannot be described and appreciated using mono-sensorial analysis fundamentally based on vision. As perceptual construct, soundscape has been considered as a new approach in understanding the formation and design of sensitive urban environment. It is argued that perceptual quality, besides visual aesthetics, geographic, psychological and socio-cultural aspects, must be part of the considerations in architecture and urban design. Bandung is well-known for its urban heritage, and as former well-designed colonial town, the historic buildings and areas have morphologically constituted the structure of the inner city. However, the modernization and globalization have led to inevitable transformations, including the destruction of historic places and fabric/district of cultural significance. With the latest urban dynamics, urban environment has also experienced an inescapable process of “sound globalization”, which led to the losing of specific sound-marks in the respective area. This paper is based upon an ongoing research project on strategy for conservation of historic urban areas using soundscape approach. Methodologically, through sound walks, surveys and interviews, several notions relating to urban spatial and formal quality have been collected, assessed and interpreted. The result stands for the understanding of perceptual aspects and quality of urban space in historic urban areas that may contribute to the heritage conservation strategy.

Nancy Merary Jiménez-Martínez

Integrated solid waste management (ISWM) is the strategy for waste policy in Mexico. It entails a complex reorganization of waste services that disrupts preceding action systems and ignores previous local practices, such as scavenging, an informal activity whose goal is the recovery of materials from waste. The objective of this paper is to understand the governance of waste in a context of formal and informal rules in the central region of Mexico.

Zainal Arifin

Di tengah harga saham yang tidak kunjung membaik, mulai pertengahan tahun 1992 banyak perusahaan mencari sumber lain untuk membiayai investasinya dengan menawarkan obligasi pada bulan Juni. Kemudian disusul perusahaan-perusahaan lain termasuk PLN yang permintaan obligasinya sampai oversubscribed.

Alfonso Valenzuela

El impacto territorial de la globalización se ha traducido en la construcción de grandes proyectos urbanos que han servido como puntos de contacto al interior de las ciudades ligadas a los circuitos de capital. Mediante una aproximación gramsciana, analizamos el fenómeno de los megaproyectos en América Latina tomando como caso de estudio Santa Fe, en el poniente de Ciudad de México, como un parque corporativo inscrito dentro de los flujos hegemónicos globales. Desarrollamos para el análisis el concepto de dispositivo de la globalización, como el espacio urbano articulador del capital global. Dichos dispositivos funcionan a una velocidad distinta al resto de la ciudad circundante y se revelan como un instrumento del poder económico vertical en medio de una horizontalidad distante, empobrecida y ajena a los lujos globales.<br>The territorial impact of globalization materializes with the construction of large urban projects, which serve as contact points within cities related to the circuits of capital. By means of a gramscian approach we use Santa Fe - a megaproject in the western part of Mexico City - as a case study of a corporative development project inscribed in global hegemonic flows. Building upon the concept of global devices to designate such projects, they become the urban space link to global capital. However, such devices operate at a different speed than the rest of the city, as instrument of a vertical economic power in the midst of a distant, impoverished and unrelated to globalflows horizontality.

Okonogi Noriyuki, Hashimoto Takatuki, Ishida Masaya et al.

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Proton-beam therapy (PBT) provides therapeutic advantages over conformal x-ray therapy in sparing organs at risk when treating esophageal cancer because of the fundamental physical dose distribution of the proton-beam. However, cases with extended esophageal lesions are difficult to treat with conventional PBT with a single isocentric field, as the length of the planning target volume (PTV) is longer than the available PBT field size in many facilities. In this study, the feasibility of a practical technique to effectively match PBT fields for esophageal cancer with a larger regional field beyond the available PBT field size was investigated.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Twenty esophageal cancer patients with a larger regional field than the available PBT single-field size (15 cm in our facility) were analyzed. The PTV was divided into two sections to be covered by a single PBT field. Subsequently, each PTV isocenter was aligned in a cranial-caudal (CC) axis to rule out any influence by the movement of the treatment couch in anterior-posterior and left-right directions. To obtain the appropriate dose distributions, a designed-seamless irradiation technique (D-SLIT) was proposed. This technique requires the following two adjustments: (A) blocking a part of the PTV by multi-leaf collimator(s) (MLCs); and (B) fine-tuning the isocenter distance by the half-width of the MLC leaf (2.5 mm in our facility). After these steps, the inferior border of the cranial field was designed to match the superior border of the caudal field. Dose distributions along the CC axis around the field junction were evaluated by the treatment-planning system. Dose profiles were validated with imaging plates in all cases.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The average and standard deviation of minimum dose, maximum dose, and dose range between maximum and minimum doses around the field junction by the treatment-planning system were 95.9 ± 3.2%, 105.3 ± 4.1%, and 9.4 ± 5.2%. The dose profile validated by the imaging plate correlated with the results of the treatment-planning system in each case, with an error range within 4.3%.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Dose distributions around the field junction were applied using D-SLIT. D-SLIT can be a useful treatment strategy for PBT of extended esophageal cancer.</p>

Luis Riffo P