Hasil untuk "Economic growth, development, planning"

Asif Razzaq, T. Fatima, Muntasir Murshed

This study aims to evaluate the impacts of international tourism development and green technology innovation on economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in the top 10 GDP countries between 1995 and 2018. Our preliminary findings reject the preposition of data normality, which instigate us to apply a novel method of moments quantile regression. The overall results suggest that international tourism development facilitates economic growth and increases carbon dioxide emissions asymmetrically across the different levels of economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions. Specifically, the economic growth impacts are relatively large for the comparatively more developed nations while the adverse environmental impacts are relatively larger for the comparatively less-polluted nations; thus, the tourism led-economic growth hypothesis is verified. On the other hand, green technology innovation is found to facilitate economic growth and mitigate carbon dioxide emissions, especially in the context of the relatively more developed and polluted economies.

R. Komal, F. Abbas

Ana León-Gómez, Daniel Ruiz-Palomo, M. A. Fernández-Gámez et al.

Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest in studying the impact of sustainable tourism development on economic growth. However, despite its recent scope, the scientific literature published so far has not evaluated the performance of the scientific activity of this relationship. Consequently, this study analyzes the 668 articles published to date in the Web of Science database on the effect that sustainable tourism development has on the overall long-term progress of the economy. To this end, we carry out an analysis of the most recognized authors, regions with the highest percentage of scientific production, most influential organizations, the co-occurrence of keywords, most prominent citations, publications, and co-authorship among the most recognized authors. The results obtained show the trend and impact of the literature published to date and the established and emerging research groups. Also, they identify key research topics in a way that provides a planning framework for further research in this field.

Freydoun Sabziani, AbdulKhalegh Gholami Chenarestan Olia, Mohammad Tamimi

This research has been done with the aim of providing a sustainable development model for the Saderat Bank of Iran based on professional ethics. The current research is of the type of mixed exploratory research projects; based on this, first, using the qualitative approach, the dimensions, components, and indicators of the factors involved in the model of sustainable development based on professional ethics in the field of human resources management have been identified, and the initial research model has been designed. Next, based on the information obtained from the previous step, the model was validated (quantitative approach). The participants in the qualitative section included experts, managers, and senior experts in the development of sustainability and professional ethics in the Iran Export Bank network. The analysis of the data obtained from each in-depth interview continued using cluster and stratified random sampling and continued until the level of theoretical saturation and data sufficiency. In this way, a sample of 17 experts was invited for an interview. The population studied in the quantitative research, that is, to measure and confirm the fit of the model, their managers and deputies, and their senior experts who have years of experience, knowledge, and skills in various matters in the field of banking services, from which a sample of 400 was selected, Data collection has been done in two qualitative and quantitative parts, respectively, using semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis has been done in the qualitative part with thematic analysis methods and MAXQUDA software, and in the quantitative part with interpretive structural modeling methods, partial least squares, and Smart PLS software. Factors including economic factors, social factors, environmental factors, strategic factors, professional ethics factors, sustainability disclosure, green human resource management, supply chain management, sustainable value creation, and psychological factors as the main themes of the sustainability development model with a professional ethics approach in the bank Exports were identified. The findings of the quantitative section, while confirming the research hypotheses, showed that the proposed model has good validity.

Daiany Alvez Araujo Moreira, Cristiane Maria Tonetto Godoy, Monica Aparecida da Rocha Silva et al.

Diante da crise provocada pela pandemia da Covid-19 a sociedade teve que se modificar, alterando as relações pessoais, prestações de serviços, atendimento, inclusive o modelo de educação. Deste modo, no Brasil as instituições educacionais de ensino superior adotaram o ensino remoto emergencial, mediado pelas tecnologias digitais para a continuidade do processo de ensino e aprendizagem durante o período pandêmico. No entanto, o país apresenta uma enorme desigualdade em relação ao acesso à internet e as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), o que ficou perceptível durante a pandemia, já que os níveis de exclusão digital aumentarem ainda mais. Nesse sentindo, a presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo apresentar e analisar quais foram as políticas públicas existentes de inclusão digital para a educação com o foco no ensino superior perante contexto pandêmico vivido a partir do ano de 2020. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental baseada nos documentos e dados obtidos em trabalhos científicos que foram publicados sobre a temática, bem como o acesso aos sites dos órgãos governamentais e organizações que são responsáveis por essas informações. Diante dos dados levantados, pode se concluir que existe certa deficiência de políticas públicas de inclusão digital voltadas para a educação, principalmente as direcionadas para as instituições de ensino superior, o que ficou evidente durante o período de pandemia. Como consequência dessa deficiência grande parte das instituições tiveram que suspender as aulas devido à falta de infraestrutura e recursos digitais, o pode contribuir no aumento das desigualdades socioeconômicas.

Hasnan Baber, Muneer Shaik, Himani Gupta

The objective of the study was to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on India’s economy. The analysis focused on several economic metrics, including stock market prices, the rupee’s value in relation to the US dollar, economic activity, the unemployment rate, and the rate of inflation. Contrary to popular belief, the results demonstrate that during the first wave (25 March 2020 to 16 September 2020), the increasing number of cases had a beneficial influence on economic activity and a negative impact on the unemployment rate. The second wave, which lasted from 15 March 2021 to 17 July 2021, was considerably stronger and demonstrated how confirmed instances had a significant detrimental impact on inflation rates and stock values. Contrary to expectations, the third wave (December 28, 2021, to January 30, 2022) was found to be less intense. Overall, the report shows how the pandemic affected India’s economy during each of the three waves and notes that there have been encouraging signs of recovery during the return to normalcy phase. The government, scholars, policymakers, and economists will find this study useful in understanding how the COVID-19 Pandemic affected the Indian economy and in coming up with ideas for future risk mitigation measures. First published online 26 August 2024

T. Agasisti, Alice Bertoletti

Abstract This paper investigates the impact of regional higher education systems (HESs) on economic growth, based upon 284 European regions (NUTS 2) over an 18-year period (from 2000 to 2017). The empirical framework specifically models the heterogeneity of the HESs by including indicators on university concentration, on the size of the HES and on HES performance and other important factors. The analysis is based on a novel and integrated dataset, created by collecting and combining indicators from different data sources (Eurostat, OECD, WHED and InCites). The results reveal that an increase in number of universities in a region is conducive to stronger economic growth within that region. The quality of research and a specialisation in STEM subjects are the primary drivers through which universities impact positively on the regions’ economic development.

Hui Luo, Li Li, Yalin Lei et al.

Once, the fast-growing economy has dependence on resources and environment, especially in Central Plains Urban Agglomeration (CPUA). Assessing the relationship between economic growth and resources and environment can be helpful in planning future region development. As there were fewer researches on the decoupling analysis in CPUA, therefore, according to the decoupling index designed by Tapio, this paper connected the resources and the environment to describe the comprehensive decoupling state of economic growth and resources environment as a whole with the latest available data in 2004-2015. The results showed that: (1) The change of environmental decoupling index had a greater impact on the comprehensive decoupling index. Economic growth has been less dependent on resources consumption and environment pollution since 2011, and the relationship between economic growth and resources environment reached strong decoupling in 2015. (2) The decoupling state was towards the direction of strong decoupling in Luoyang, Pingdingshan, Jiaozuo, Xuchang, Nanyang, and Xinyang. The economic growth was less dependent on resources consumption and the environment pollution. (3) Economic growth depended strongly on resources consumption and environment pollution in Changzhi, Jincheng, Heze, and Anyang. They had not yet achieved the strong decoupling state among economic growth, resources and the environment. Thus, the policy implementations were put forward to realize strong decoupling in CPUA.

Mirtha Graciela Villagra-Ferreira, María Lourdes Falcó-de Ayala, Patricia Johanna Cabrera

The objective of this study was to measure the perception of students in the last year of the Economics and Business careers of the Universidad del Norte, about the activities developed as university extension, based on a survey applied randomly to the students of the Central, Itauguá and Caacupé headquarters, during the first semester of the 2022 school year. The work corresponds to an investigation framed in the quantitative paradigm, of a descriptive, non-experimental and cross-sectional type. In this context, it could be verified that only 23% of the students want to do volunteer work, this is due to the fact that 77% of the students of the last year have a work activity and lack time. Regarding the preferences on the activities offered in the university extension department, they focus on consulting and social service offered to various communities as support for them, followed by participation and support for courses, seminars and congresses, then participation in general cultural activities and, as a last activity, research and scientific publications. Uninorte students from the three campuses stated that they value the activities offered by the institution and consider them an enriching experience that increases the value of the professional profile, which is a way to grow as future professionals and support some communities.

Alla Rusnak, Iryna Nadtochii, Olena Pulianovych

The purpose of the article is to generalize and substantiate scientific and methodological approaches to a comprehensive assessment of the competitive potential of enterprises and territories. The methodology of the comprehensive study made it possible to determine the features of the competitive potential of an enterprise; to divide into levels the competitive potential as a system with a view to effective management of business entities; to determine the main functions of analyzing the competitive potential of business entities at different levels; to analyze and substantiate the existing approaches to assessing the competitive potential of an enterprise; to summarize the methods of assessing the competitive potential of an enterprise; to supplement the principles of assessing and forming the competitive potential of enterprises; to substantiate the main approaches, methods and indicators for assessing the competitive potential of territories; to develop an algorithm for measuring the competitive potential of a territory to use the knowledge gained in its management. Methodology. The main research method used was systematic analysis of scientific and methodological approaches to comprehensive assessment of competitive potential of business entities at various levels, as outlined by the relevance of the work. Monographic, structural and logical methods, methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, etc. were also used. It is determined that competitive potential is a system of capabilities, competencies and resources, under the influence of which a set of internal competitive advantages is formed in dynamics, which include two components: adaptability and innovation, and which are constantly under the influence of external and internal factors and form the level of competitiveness of economic entities at different levels of management. It has been proved that in order to assess the competitive potential of an enterprise it is advisable to identify, systematize and analyze all the elements that are its components: production, management, human resources, marketing, financial, information and innovation potential. The analysis of the characteristics of these components allows their division into levels for a more efficient management of business entities. Existing approaches to assessment of competitive potential of the enterprise are analyzed. It is determined that the main functions of the analysis of the competitive potential are: objective assessment of the factors determining the increase of the competitive potential; identification of the factors and causes of the achieved status and results; preparation and justification of management decisions; identification and mobilization of reserves for improvement and increase of the competitive potential. The methods used to assess the competitive potential of a company are generalized. The study of scientific and methodological approaches to the comprehensive assessment of the competitive potential of an enterprise allowed to add the principles that contribute to its increase, such as: the orientation of all and each employee to the action, to the continuation of the started business; the proximity of the enterprise to the customer; the creation of a creative atmosphere in the enterprise; the increase of productivity by using the abilities of the employees and their desire to work; simplicity of the organization, the minimum number of management and administrative staff, etc. The results of the study show that the competitive potential of an enterprise is a comprehensive comparative characteristic that reflects the degree of predominance of a set of indicators for assessing the capabilities of an enterprise that determine its success in a particular market over a certain period of time in relation to the set of similar indicators of competing enterprises. The competitive potential of a territory is a set of competitive advantages and attractive features of a given territory, which contribute to the efficient use of available and attractive external resources and distinguish the territory from other competitors in terms of its capabilities for effective socio-economic development. Practical implications. In order to implement the model of measuring the competitive potential of an area, an algorithm has been developed that includes the following steps: determination of the criterion of the competitive potential of an area; substantiation of the model of factors of the competitive potential of an area; formation of a system of requirements for indicators of the attractiveness of an area by factors; selection of a group of indicators for each factor that meet the requirements and characteristics; creation of a mathematical apparatus for the calculation of indicators in the assessment of factors; calculation of indicators and obtaining generalized assessments by factors; aggregation of generalized assessments by competitiveness factors and integrated assessment of the competitive potential of the territory; typology of territories by the level of competitive potential; reflection of individual territories in the ratings of competitive potential assessments; use of the information obtained for strategic planning purposes. Adherence to this sequence and content of work on measuring the competitive potential of the territory will allow to effectively use the knowledge gained in its management. Relevance/originality. The application of the integral method of assessing the competitive potential of a company allows to provide an integrated approach to the assessment of the competitiveness of the company's potential and, in practice, to obtain an assessment of its competitive position on the basis of specific indicators. In addition, the application of this approach to the real conditions of a company's operation makes it possible to take into account both the competitiveness of products and the efficiency of the company's production and economic activities.

Yanlin Sun, Yuwei Tang, Ge Li

This study explores the impact of economic growth targets on green total factor productivity (GTFP) based on a panel Tobit model and two manual datasets of 30 Chinese provinces from 2002 to 2019. We find that economic growth targets significantly inhibit GTFP, which is more pronounced in provinces that have high incentives when setting targets, use hard constraints when announcing targets, and fulfill their targets. In addition, we find that economic growth targets inhibit GTFP by undermining economic efficiency and aggravating environmental pollution. Moreover, the command-controlled environmental regulations weaken the inhibitory effect on GTFP, while market-motivated environmental regulations aggravate this inhibitory effect. Our findings confirm that the promotion assessment system based on economic performance leads to the irrationality of local governments in establishing economic growth targets, and the local governments pursue economic growth at the cost of development quality and sustainability.

K. V. von Schönfeld, António Ferreira

Innovation has become a guiding principle for European Union policy. Funding schemes, research, and planning across all Member States are expected to be innovative. This article provides a critical analysis of the drivers and effects of this evolution. While positive results have been achieved due to innovation policies, this article proposes that taking a wider critical perspective reveals important caveats. The article zooms in on the EU’s innovation policies by analysing policy documents, projects funded, and on-the-ground impact on three citizen initiatives. The analysis asks whether and how the EU’s self-set goals of sustainability, social inclusion, and economic growth are approached and met in them. The findings suggest a problematic funnelling process. First, an emphasis on innovation is created with the objective of systematically unblocking resistance to the development and implementation of novelties in the name of competitiveness, job creation, and economic growth. Second, the idea of innovation is very loosely defined, while, when translated into urban planning, it is interpreted narrowly in terms of efficiency and behavioural change, digitalization, and smart technologies. As a result, (narrowly defined) innovation-led economic growth begins to supersede alternative values and visions for the future of European cities and regions. This can represent a problem for EU Member States as it creates a very limited, risk-based, and divisive direction of development. To contribute to the (re-)establishment of alternatives, this article finally offers policy recommendations primarily concerned with the reinstatement of the public interest beyond innovation-centred planning perspectives.

Zhenbing Yang, Shuai Shao, Lili Xu et al.

Yujie Qian, Jun Liu, J. Forrest

Financial agglomeration and green economic growth have become a trend in global financial and economic development. This paper analyzes the impact mechanism of financial agglomeration on green economic growth from two angles: growth promotion and energy conservation/emission reduction. Based on the Slacks Based Model-Data Envelopment Analysis (SBM-DEA) of undesired outputs, the green economic growth efficiency of 30 regions in China from 2008 to 2017 was measured. The study uses a spatial measurement model and finds that financial agglomeration has a significant positive effect on green economic growth. The specific manifestation is that with a 1% increase in the level of financial agglomeration, the productivity of green total factor increases by about 0.1837% and 0.0964% green economic growth in neighboring areas. Further analysis shows that this improvement in green total factor productivity is mainly achieved through technological advancement that promotes coordinated economic growth, energy saving and emission reduction.

Daniel Rauhut, Alois Humer

ABSTRACT This paper aims at identifying the current main economic thought influencing the EU Cohesion Policy. Postulates and assumptions on how economic growth spreads spatially in key EU policy framework documents are discussed and compared to different economic theories. Strategic EU documents increasingly foster the urban dimension, and focus resources on cities at the expense of cohesive regional development. The findings indicate large overlaps with Perroux’ ‘growth pole theory’. However, several of the key assumptions of growth pole theory are not met in the new context of post-industrial globalized service economy, which is fundamentally different from its original use. This is a troublesome finding when seen from a strategic planning perspective. Current implications for regional policy and planning boil down to the cardinal question of supporting urban areas and/or peripheries. Taking the strategic EU policy documents and their trajectories in economic thought into consideration, this paper confirms that regional development focuses on cities. Yet, it suggests a new perspective on an urban-centred EU Cohesion Policy, one that normatively requests the ‘responsibility’ of cities towards their hinterland, instead of fostering a further dissociation of cities from their hinterland. This suggests a reorientation towards supporting the linkages between urban areas and peripheries.

Nurul Farida, A. Suman, R. K. Sakti

This study analyzes the relations between fiscal decentralization, economic growth, and regional development inequality in Eastern Indonesia using 2016-2019 panel data of thirteen Eastern Indonesia provinces obtained from Statistics Indonesia and the Directorate General for Fiscal Balance. Using simultaneous equations estimated through the Three-Stage Least Squares, this study finds that fiscal decentralization has not fully supported economic growth and correct the inequality in eastern Indonesia’s regional development. The mandate for managing the budget has not been optimally used by the local governments, indicated by poor allocation for productive expenditures and its decreasing proportion during the research period. It is caused by poor human resource quality in budget planning and management, which finally hinders the quality of public service and economic growth. Supports from physical and human capital are required to keep up with the occurring economic activities so that inequality in regional development in the area can be reduced.

U. Amarasinghe, G. Amarnath, N. Alahacoon et al.

This paper tries to shift the focus of research on the impact of natural disasters on economic growth from global and national levels to sub-national levels. Inadequate sub-national level information is a significant lacuna for planning spatially targeted climate change adaptation investments. A fixed-effect panel regression analyses of 19 states from 2001 to 2015 assess the impacts of exposure to floods and droughts on the growth of gross state domestic product (GSDP) and human development index (HDI) in India. The flood and drought exposure are estimated using satellite data. The 19 states comprise 95% of the population and contribute 93% to the national GDP. The results show that floods indeed expose a large area, but droughts have the most significant impacts at the sub-national level. The most affected GSDPs are in the non-agriculture sectors, positively by the floods and negatively by droughts. No significant influence on human development may be due to substantial investment on mitigation of flood and drought impacts and their influence on better income, health, and education conditions. Because some Indian states still have a large geographical area, profiling disasters impacts at even smaller sub-national units such as districts can lead to effective targeted mitigation and adaptation activities, reduce shocks, and accelerate income growth and human development.

Amalachukwu Chijindu Ananwude, Steve Nkem Ibenta, Gideon Kasie Ezu et al.

Purpose - This paper investigates the effect of commercial bank regulations, namely the price, product, and geographic regulations, on the intermediation function of commercial banks in Nigeria.  Methods - Using secondary data from 1986 to 2017 from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the World Bank, this study employs the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model and Granger causality framework. Findings - This paper provides evidence of a long-run relationship between commercial bank regulation and intermediation function represented by private sector credit to RGDP (regional gross domestic product). It also finds that commercial banks' regulation index through price, product, and geographic regulation has a positive relationship with intermediation function. Furthermore, the long-run relationship between commercial bank regulation and intermediation function described by private sector credit to RGDP is affirmed. Implication - The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) needs to relax the product regulation to allow commercial banks to engage in various conventionally non-banking activities. Originality - The paper contributes to the literature by ascertaining the commercial banks' intermediation function to Nigeria's economic growth and development.

Haiyun Shi, Ji Chen, Suning Liu et al.

The close relationship between large dams and social development (i.e., water, food, and energy consumption) has been revealed in previous studies, and the vital role of large dams in sustaining societies has been recognized. With population projections indicating continued growth during this century, it is expected that further economic development of society, e.g., Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, will be greatly affected by possible challenges, such as water, food, and energy shortages in the future, especially if proper planning, development, and management strategies are not adopted. In our previous study, we have argued that construction of additional large dams will be considered as one of the best available options to meet future increases in water, food, and energy demands, which are all crucial to sustain economic development. In the present study, firstly, we will emphasize the vital role of dams in promoting economic growth through analyzing the relationship between large dam development and GDP growth at both global and national scales. Secondly, based on the projection results of future large dam development, we will preliminarily predict the future economic development represented by GDP. The results show that the impacts of large dams upon GDP are more significant in countries with higher levels of socioeconomic development, which generally supports large dams as the vital factor to promote economic development.

Mohammad Arif, K. Gupta