Hasil untuk "Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system"

L. Liberale, Simon Tual-Chalot, S. Sedej et al.

Saiqing Chen, Chunxia Zhang, Yueting Yu

BackgroundHeart failure (HF) represents the terminal phase of multiple cardiovascular conditions and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Arachidonic acid (AA), an essential fatty acid, plays a crucial role in modulating cardiovascular function under both normal and disease states. The purpose of this research was to examine how AA is related to HF, providing new perspective for individualized treatment.MethodsTranscriptomic datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The raw data were consolidated to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and subsequently subjected to bioinformatics analysis. Gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed. Signature genes were identified through Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE), and Random Forest (RF) algorithms. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were generated for gene evaluation, and a nomogram was developed. An analysis of immune cell infiltration was conducted using Single Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was conducted to determine important pathways. Subsequently, we also performed drug sensitivity evaluation. Finally, the expression levels of the identified signature genes in HF samples were confirmed using qRT-PCR analysis.ResultsFour characteristic genes demonstrating favorable performance in the ROC analysis. The comprehensive nomogram developed in this study exhibited enhanced clinical utility. In addition, notable variations in immune cell infiltration levels were detected, and GSEA highlighted key biological pathways.ConclusionThis investigation demonstrated a strong association between arachidonic acid-associated gene expression and heightened risk of HF, offering novel perspectives on the disease's underlying pathological processes and providing potential insights for personalized management of HF.

Linlin Wang, Shuang Xie, Aoxue Mei et al.

Abstract Purpose Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Albumin and globulin are the main components of serum proteins. The albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) is often used to assess nutritional status. However, the clinical significance of the AGR in predicting the prognosis of patients with ACS remains unclear. Patients and methods A total of 1408 patients with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were consecutively enrolled between January 2016 and December 2018 at The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University. The follow-up endpoints were defined as cardiac death or recurrent acute myocardial infarction. Results A total of 1363 patients responded in the follow-up period, of whom 49 had MACEs. AGR was significantly different between the MACEs and non-MACE groups. The area under the curve for the AGR was 0.619 (P = 0.004, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.542–0.697). The optimal cut-off value for the AGR was determined to be 1.350 using Youden’s index. The cumulative survival rate of the low AGR group was significantly lower than that of the high AGR group, according to the Kaplan–Meier curve (log-rank P = 0.008). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed age ≥ 60 years, HR:2.689 (95%CI:1.288–5.615, P = 0.008), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%, HR: 3.527, (95%CI: 1.357–9.164, P = 0.010), and AGR < 1.350, HR: 2.180, (95%CI: 1.078–4.407, P = 0.030) were all independent risk factors. A restricted cubic spline showed that a decreasing AGR was correlated with increasing risk of MACEs. Conclusion AGR < 1.350 is an independent prognostic risk factor for patients with ACS undergoing PCI and may be a valuable clinical marker for identifying high-risk patients.

Yuri G. Vykhovanets, S. M. Tetyura, Tatiana A. Vykhovanets et al.

Introduction. In the context of global climate changes occurring on the planet, an important task is to develop modern methods for modelling and forecasting the complex influence of meteorological and environmental components of the environment on physical health, for the rapid development of measures to prevent diseases of the cardiovascular system in human. The purpose. Development of an effective method for hygienic assessment of the risk of cardiovascular pathology, which is formed under the influence of the complex effects of meteorological and chemical environmental factors. Materials and methods. The average annual and seasonal fluctuations of meteorological factors were studied. Bioclimatic indices, the index of pathogenicity of the meteorological situation, and severity of the weather were calculated. Concentrations of chemicals in atmospheric air were assessed, and the influence of meteorological environmental factors on the incidence of cardiovascular pathology in the population living in an industrial region was analyzed. Results. Based on the conducted studies, an unfavourable combined effect of meteorological components of the environment on thermoregulation processes in residents of an industrial region has been established. The relationship between the average daily wind speed and the seasonal excess of the maximum permissible concentrations of certain substances in the atmospheric air over a number of years has been revealed. The combination of seasonal fluctuations in meteorological factors with increased levels of pollution of the city’s atmospheric air with heavy metals are factors that increase the incidence of cardiovascular pathology in the population. Research limitations. The studies had no methodological or administrative restrictions. Conclusions: There has been developed the method for calculating and assessing the risk of cardiovascular pathology, formed under the influence of the complex effects of meteorological and chemical environmental factors.

S. A. Bogachevskaya, S. Kiselev, V. Stupak

The objective of this study was to examine interregional medical and organizational problems of providing specialized medical care to patients with circulatory system diseases living in the Far East, using the example of the diagnostic service of the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District. Material and methods. The analysis of the availability of ultrasound and functional diagnostic methods for patients with circulatory system diseases in the constituent entities of the Far Eastern Federal District was carried out in accordance with the procedures for providing medical care and clinical protocols in the profiles of "cardiovascular surgery" and "cardiology", the dynamics of their growth and decline were studied for 37 232 cases of referrals for planned hospitalization for the periods of 2012–2014, as well as 2021–2023, based on the developed expert assessment map. Economic losses from duplicating patient studies at different levels of medical care for diseases of the circulatory system were calculated. Results. The defects in the diagnostic examination of patients by medical organizations of the region's constituent entities when referring them for planned surgical treatment to the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery in Khabarovsk were identified, as well as significant heterogeneity in the capabilities of diagnostic services in medical organizations of the Far East, a high need for an expert assessment of the condition of patients with circulatory system diseases before surgical interventions. The estimated economic damage from repeated examination of patients admitted to the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery amounted to 56 million 242 thousand rubles per year, taking into account the turnover of an average of 8,450 patients per year. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the need to take additional medical and organizational measures to eliminate duplication of functional and ultrasound studies.

G. Artamonova, E. Bazdyrev, S. Makarov

HighlightsWe have identified regional peculiarities of traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors.We have defined and characterized clinical and organizational characteristics of the specialized care, prevention, and treatment of diseases of the circulatory system in the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass.Moreover, we have described the principles of innovative organizational models for improving care for patients with diseases of the circulatory system, focused on the needs of outpatient organizations. AbstractThe review presents the main research findings obtained at the Department of Optimization of Medical Care for Cardiovascular Diseases of the Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases over the past 13 years of work. The uniqueness of the obtained data lies in the fact that we have identified regional peculiarities of cardiovascular risk factors in residents of an industrial region (using the Kemerovo region data). Data on monitoring of health and risk factors served as the basis for the development of innovative organizational models for improving care for patients with diseases of the circulatory system from the stage of primary care to tertiary care using a systematic and integrated approach, and situational analysis. Management decisions within models are based on international quality standards that reaffirm that risk-based management, the role of personnel and the work environment are the integral to the improvement of performance and the achievement of the main goals of medical organization. Using the project approach, we have implemented management tools for internal quality control and safety of patients and personnel.

E. Enina, D. Vaisman, T. Bogdanova

Significance. Diseases of the circulatory system are among the leading ones in the structure of morbidity and top the structure of adult mortality in Russia. Analyzing dynamics in morbidity and coverage with regular health examination is necessary to develop comprehensive programs to control cardiovascular diseases. In order to preserve and prolong the life of the patients suffering from diseases of the circulatory system, the federal project “Fighting Cardiovascular Diseases” has been implemented in the Russian Federation since 2019. Due to high significance of diseases of the circulatory system in the structure of morbidity and mortality, it is of great scientific and practical interest to study trends in incidence and prevalence, as well as coverage with regular health examination of the Russian adult population. The purpose of the study is to analyze dynamics in incidence and prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system as well as coverage with regular health examination of the adult population of the Russian Federation in 2019-2023. Material and methods. The study used statistical reference books of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation “Disease prevalence among the Russian adult population” for 2019-2023. The following methods were used: statistical, analytical, and descriptive statistics. The coverage of patients with diseases of the circulatory system with regular health examination was calculated as a share of those taken under regular examination out of the total number of the registered patients with diseases of the circulatory system diseases, expressed in percent. Results. The prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system among the Russian adult population increased from 31975.4 in 2019 to 34757.5 in 2023 per 100000 adult population, with the growth rate adding up to 8.7%. In the period from 2019 to 2023, there was an increase in prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system across all federal districts, with the growth rate ranging from 2.8 to 20.0%, with an average of 9.8%. The highest growth rate was registered in the North Caucasian Federal District (20.0%), the lowest one- in the Southern Federal District (2.8%). There were registered both growth and fall in prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system among adults in the constituent entities of all federal districts of the Russian Federation. Incidence of diseases of the circulatory system in the Russian adult population increased from 4208.5 in 2019 to 4296.7 in 2023 per 100000 adult population, with the growth rate adding up to 2.1%. In the period from 2019 to 2023, there was an increase in incidence in four federal districts (Central, North Caucasian, Ural and Siberian Federal Districts), with the growth ranging from 1.9% to 19.5%, with an average of 9.95%. In other federal districts (Northwestern, Southern, Volga and Far Eastern Federal Districts) there was a decrease in incidence of diseases of the circulatory system by 0.7-7.4%, 3.7% on average. In the constituent entities of all federal districts of the Russian Federation there were registered both growth and fall in incidence of diseases of the circulatory system among adult population. The coverage of adult patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases with regular medical examination in the Russian Federation increased from 67.1% in 2019 to 79.6% in 2023 (by 12.5%). In all federal districts, the coverage differed and averaged to 67.6% in 2019 and 79.6% in 2023. Conclusion. In 2020, in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a decrease in both incidence and prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system among the Russian adults. In 2021, there was an increase in both incidence and prevalence. In 2023, compared to 2022, the growth rate of incidence and prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system amounted to 7.6% and 5.7%, respectively. The overall growth rate in 2019-2023 added up to 8.7% for prevalence and 2.1% for incidence. In the regions of the Russian Federation, there were registered both growth and fall in prevalence and incidence. When comparing prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system and coverage with regular health examination with all registered cases of diseases of the circulatory system among adult population, no correlation has been identified. Scope of application. The study results can be used to develop activities of preventive programs. Keywords: prevalence; incidence; dynamics in morbidity indicators; adult population; regular health examination; diseases of the circulatory system; COVID-19

Rasit Dinc, Evren Ekingen

Arterial aneurysms remain a significant public health problem because they often result in death when ruptured; therefore, they require immediate medical treatment. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has recently become the primary treatment option, owing to the fewer side effects compared to those with open surgery. However, stents used for conventional EVAR often cause side-branch occlusion, which alters the perfusion of vital organs. Recently, multilayer flow modulator (MFM) stents have been used as a new treatment for arterial aneurysms. These stents appear to be feasible owing to their unique design consisting of an uncoated three-dimensionally braided multilayered structure. MFM stents generally remodulate laminar flow and reduce the flow velocity in the aneurysmal sac, leading to thrombosis, which causes the aneurysm to shrink over time. Thus, they reduce the risk of mortality. Moreover, they reduce morbidity by preserving the side-branch blood flow. They can be easily applied to complex aneurysms and are ready to use without customization, which shortens the waiting time for interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the role of MFM stents in the treatment of arterial aneurysms based on available data.

Gabriella Iannuzzo, Geetank Kamboj, Parinita Barman et al.

Background and aims: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) pose a significant global health burden. Lowering low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol is the primary therapeutic aim for preventing primary and secondary CVD events. While statins are the standard treatments, their limitations, such as side effects and intolerance in certain patient groups, necessitate exploration of alternative lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs). We systematically reviewed randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating cardiovascular outcomes associated with non-statin LLTs (bempedoic acid, alirocumab, evolocumab, ezetimibe, and inclisiran) in adults with CVD or high cardiovascular risk. Methods: EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane Library, and clinical trial registries were systematically searched for eligible studies, from inception until February 08, 2023. Two reviewers independently screened the studies, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Data extraction and validation were conducted, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool-2 for RCTs. Results: The search strategy yielded 2104 citations. Post screening for eligibility, nine unique trials/studies (84 publications) were identified. Among these, one trial each was identified for bempedoic acid and alirocumab, three for evolocumab, and four for ezetimibe. No published literature documenting the cardiovascular outcomes of inclisiran was identified. Only one trial (CLEAR Outcomes) included statin-intolerant patients at baseline. Most studies evaluated a 3-component, 4-component, or 5-component major adverse cardiovascular events composite as an outcome along with individual components. The quality of the included trials was found to be fair-to-good. Conclusions: The systematic review findings emphasise the significance of considering non-statin LLTs as viable treatment options for individuals with CVD or high cardiovascular risk who cannot tolerate or achieve optimal lipid control with statin therapy alone.

Jin Hyun Joh, Sun Hyung Joo

Cyanoacrylate glue is a non-thermal, non-tumescent agent used to treat saphenous reflux. It was introduced to overcome heat-related discomfort and complications. Multiple randomized controlled trials using this therapy have demonstrated excellent clinical outcomes at long-term follow-up. However, diffuse injection-site inflammation and systemic urticaria are worrisome complications. In preclinical studies, serial histopathological findings demonstrated acute inflammatory reaction, subacute vasculitis, chronic granulomatous foreign body reaction, fibrotic changes with partial vascular recanalization, and chronic foreign body-type inflammatory response. While the exact nature of this unique complication remains undefined, complex hypersensitivity and irritation reaction phenomena have been suggested based on reported clinical presentations. The incidence of this complication has been reported as ranging from 0.3%-25.4%. Typically, erythematous reactions can occur near treatment sites, with symptoms ranging from mild pruritus and/or erythema that resolves without treatment to recurrent severe inflammation and pruritus requiring nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines, and/or corticosteroids. Surgical excision has been rarely reported in patients with severe intractable inflammation or treatment-site infections. Although several anecdotal studies reported on using antihistaminics or corticosteroids, no effective strategies have been established to prevent this complication.

Alkhateeb A, Mahmoud HEM, AK M et al.

Areej Alkhateeb,1 Hossam Eldin M Mahmoud,1 Mohammed AK,1 Mohammed H Hassan,2 Abdel Rahim Mahmoud Muddathir,3 Ahmed G Bakry1 1Cardiology Division of Internal Medicine Department, South Valley University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt; 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt; 3Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Alzaeim Alazhari University, Khartoum, SudanCorrespondence: Abdel Rahim Mahmoud Muddathir, Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Alzaeim Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan, Email abdelrahimm@gmail.comBackground: The prognostic role of the soluble circulating suppression of tumorigenicity 2 marker (sST2) in different cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is still under investigation. This research aimed to assess the serum levels of sST2 in the blood of individuals with ischemic heart disease and its relation to disease severity, also to examine any changes in sST2 levels following a successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in those patients.Methods: A total of 33 ischemic patients and 30 non-ischemic controls were included. The plasma level of sST2 was measured using commercially available ELISA assay kit, at baseline and 24– 48 h after the intervention in the ischemic group.Results: On admission, there was a significant difference between the group of acute/chronic coronary syndrome cases and controls regarding the sST2 plasma level (p < 0.001). There was an insignificant difference between the three ischemic subgroups at the baseline sST2 level (p = 0.38). The plasma sST2 level decreased significantly after PCI (from 20.70 ± 1.71 to 16.51 ± 2.43, p = 0.006). There was a modestly just significant positive correlation between the acute change in post-PCI sST2 level and the severity of ischemia as measured by the Modified Gensini Score (MGS) (r = 0.45, p = 0.05). In spite of the highly significant improvement in the coronary TIMI flow of ischemic group after PCI, there was insignificant negative correlation between the post- PCI delta change in the sST2 level and the post-PCI TIMI coronary flow grade.Conclusion: A significantly high plasma level of sST2 in patients with myocardial ischemia and controlled cardiovascular risk factors showed an immediate reduction after successful revascularization. The high baseline level of the sST2 marker and the acute post-PCI reduction was mainly related to the severity of ischemia rather than left ventricular function.Keywords: soluble circulating suppression of tumorigenicity 2 marker, percutaneous coronary intervention, acute/chronic coronary syndrome, severity of ischemia, modified gensini score, revascularization

Eun Kyoung Kim, Hong-Mi Choi, Jong-Hwan Lee et al.

BackgroundDue to increased needs to reduce non-fatal as well as fatal cardiac events, preoperative echocardiography remains part of routine clinical practice in many hospitals. Data on the role of preoperative echocardiography in low-risk non-cardiac surgery (NCS) other than ambulatory surgeries do not exist. We aimed to investigate the role of preoperative echocardiography in predicting postoperative adverse cardiovascular events (CVEs) in asymptomatic patients undergoing low-risk NCS.MethodsThe study population was derived from a retrospective cohort of 1,264 patients who underwent elective low-risk surgery at three tertiary hospitals from June 1, 2021, to June 30, 2021. Breast, distal bone, thyroid, and transurethral surgeries were included. Preoperative examination data including electrocardiography, chest radiography, and echocardiography were collected. The primary outcome was a composite of postoperative adverse CVEs including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular events, newly diagnosed or acutely decompensated heart failure (HF), lethal arrhythmia such as sustained ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation, and new-onset atrial fibrillation within 30 days after the index surgery.ResultsPreoperative echocardiography was performed in 503 patients (39.8%), most frequently in patients with breast surgery (73.5%), followed by transurethral (37.7%), distal bone (21.6%), and thyroid surgeries (11.9%). Abnormal findings were observed in 5.0% of patients with preoperative echocardiography. Postoperative adverse CVEs occurred in 10 (0.79%) patients. Although a history of previous HF was an independent predictor of postoperative CVE occurrence (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 17.98; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.21–266.71, P = 0.036), preoperative echocardiography did not significantly predict CVE in multivariate analysis (P = 0.097). However, in patients who underwent preoperative echocardiography, the presence of abnormal echocardiographic findings was independently associated with development of CVE after NCS (aOR: 23.93; 95% CI: 1.2.28–250.76, P = 0.008). In particular, the presence of wall motion abnormality was a strong predictor of postoperative adverse CVE.ConclusionIn real-world clinical practice, preoperative echocardiography was performed in substantial number of patients with potential cardiac risk even in low-risk NCS, and abnormal findings were independently associated with postoperative CVE. Future studies should identify patients undergoing low-risk NCS for whom preoperative echocardiography would be helpful to predict adverse CVE.

V. Lazoryshynets, M. Rudenko, S. O. Siromakha et al.

Objective. To develop organisational measures to improve the provision of medical care to servicemen with the most common diseases of the circulatory system, combat injuries of the heart and major vessels by creating a clinical registry of this pathology. Materials and methods. The study concerned servicemen, exclusively men, who participated in the Anti–Terrorist Operation/Joint Forces Operation from June 2014 to January 2022, and servicemen of the Defence Forces of Ukraine who fought against Russian aggression from February 2022 to July 2023 (n=501). The age of the study participants ranged from 21 to 58 years, with an average age of (41.5 ± 2.2) years. The most common diseases of the circulatory system, combat injuries of the heart and major vessels were analysed. Results. A clinical registry of circulatory system diseases, combat injuries of the heart and major vessels in military personnel was created at the Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine as a leading scientific institution of cardiac surgery with sufficient material and technical resources, highly qualified medical staff and a developed network of regional support centres in Ukraine. Conclusions. The creation of clinical registries in the context of active hostilities is an extremely relevant organisational measure, since the information reflected in the clinical registry makes it possible to develop organisational measures to determine the need for cardiac surgery, improve the efficiency and quality of its provision in a short time.

E. Ford, K. Greenlund, Yuling Hong

Jongmin Baek, Hokyou Lee, Hyeok-Hee Lee et al.

Background and Objectives Understanding the trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is important for developing burden reduction strategies. Based on the Cause of Death Statistics, we examined the changing patterns of CVD mortality in Korea between 1983 and 2018. Methods Causes of death were coded according to the International Classification of Disease, 10th revision. Deaths from all diseases of circulatory system (I00-I99) and the following 6 subcategories were analyzed: total heart diseases (I00-I13 and I20-I51), hypertensive heart diseases (I10-I13), ischemic heart diseases (I20-I25), myocardial infarction (I21-I23), heart failure (I50), and cerebrovascular diseases (I60-I69). Crude, age-standardized, and age-stratified rates were calculated to assess temporal trends in CVD mortality. Results The number of deaths and crude mortality rate for all diseases of circulatory system increased recently mainly due to the population ageing. Specifically, total heart diseases showed increasing trend, whereas cerebrovascular diseases showed decreasing trend. Between 1983 and 2018, age-standardized mortality rates significantly declined for all diseases of circulatory system, total heart diseases, hypertensive heart diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases. Age-standardized mortality rates for ischemic heart diseases and myocardial infarction peaked in the early 2000s then decreased thereafter. However, age-standardized mortality rate for heart failure rapidly increased, especially in recent years. Conclusions CVD mortality in Korea has remarkably decreased over the last 36 years. However, the recent rise in the absolute number of deaths from heart diseases, especially from heart failure, calls for attention in prevention and management of CVD and its sequelae.

Sebastian Griewing, N. Gremke, J. Kreutz et al.

This study aims at examining the chronological development of hospitalized cardiovascular and COVID-19 patients and comparing the effects on related sub-disciplines and main diagnoses for pre-pandemic (2017–2019) and pandemic (2020–2021) years in the setting of a German university maximum care provider. Data were retrospectively retrieved from the hospital performance controlling system for patient collectives with main diagnosis of diseases of the circulatory system (nCirculatory) and COVID-19 secondary diagnosis (nCOVID-19). The cardiovascular patient collective (nCirculatory = 25,157) depicts a steady state in terms of relative yearly development of patient numbers (+0.4%, 2019–2020, +0.1%, 2020–2021). Chronological assessment points towards monthly decline during lockdowns and phases of high regional incidence of COVID-19 (i.e., 2019–2020: March −10.2%, April −12.4%, December −14.8%). Main diagnoses of congestive heart failure (+16.1% 2019/2020; +19.2% 2019/2021) and acute myocardial infarction show an increase in case numbers over the course of the whole pandemic (+15.4% 2019/2020; +9.4% 2019/2021). The results confirm negative effects on the cardiovascular care situation during the entire pandemic in the setting of a university maximum care provider. A general increase in cardiac disorders and a worrisome turn in case development of acute myocardial infarction emphasize the feared cardiovascular burden of COVID-19.

B Hygriv Rao, NS Rama Raju, CS Srinivasa Raju et al.

Jiawei Zhuang, Gangyi Cheng, Jian Huang et al.

Abstract Background Myocarditis is a cardiomyopathy associated with the inflammatory response. Rosuvastatin (RS) demonstrates cardioprotective effect in the clinical setting, although its cellular and molecular mechanisms in ameliorating myocarditis are largely unknown. MG53 (muscle-specific E3 ligase Mitsugumin 53), a newly identified striated muscle-specific protein, is involved in skeletal muscle membrane repair. We aimed to explore whether RS mediated the repair of cardiomyocytes in an MG53-dependent manner. Methods The RS-induced upregulation of MG53 was determined using RT-qPCR and western blotting. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell inflammatory model was constructed using rat cardiac muscle cell H9C2. Inflammatory injury was evaluated according to the alterations of cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell apoptosis, and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to silence MG53. The cardioprotective effect of RS and the inhibition of this protection by MG53 silence were evaluated in the forementioned in vitro model. The underlying mechanism was finally investigated using western blotting to detected the expressions of apoptotic markers (Bcl-2, Bax, Cleaved caspase-9, Cleaved caspase-3), cell cycle regulatory factors (Cyclin A, Cyclin E1, Cyclin D1, CDK2), and components involved in NF-κB signaling pathway (p-IκBa, Iκba, p-p65, p65). Results RS ameliorated LPS-induced inflammatory injury. RS upregulated the expression of MG53. MG53 was crucial for the RS-mediated repair response in vitro. Ablation of MG53 inhibited the RS-mediated protective effect. Furthermore, RS and MG53 interact in multiple signaling pathways to modulate recovery. Conclusion RS exerts cardioprotective effect in an MG53-dependent manner. MG53 may serve as a novel drug target for myocarditis treatment.

E. N. Bulyno, E. Karpenko

Diseases of the circulatory system (CVD) are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries of modern society. The study of this issue is extremely relevant for the whole world. According to official statistics, the most common causes of death in Belarus, as well as in many other countries, are diseases of the circulatory system. Diseases of the cardiovascular system are very common among people of working age, thereby causing significant economic damage. The increase in the number of diseases of the circulatory system determines the relevance of the medical and social problem associated with them - temporary disability, disability and mortality.

T. Laursen, K. Wahlbeck, J. Hällgren et al.

Objective Excess mortality from diseases and medical conditions (natural death) in persons with psychiatric disorders has been extensively reported. Even in the Nordic countries with well-developed welfare systems, register based studies find evidence of an excess mortality. In recent years, cardiac mortality and death by diseases of the circulatory system has seen a decline in all the Nordic countries, but a recent paper indicates that women and men in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, who had been hospitalised for a psychotic disorder, had a two to three-fold increased risk of dying from a cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to compare the mortality by diseases of the circulatory system among patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia in the three Nordic countries Denmark, Sweden, and Finland. Furthermore, the aim was to examine and compare life expectancy among these patients. Cause specific Standardized Mortality Rates (SMRs) were calculated for each specific subgroup of mortality. Life expectancy was calculated using Wiesler’s method. Results The SMR for bipolar disorder for diseases of the circulatory system was approximately 2 in all countries and both sexes. SMR was slightly higher for people with schizophrenia for both genders and in all countries, except for men in Denmark. Overall life expectancy was much lower among persons with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, with life expectancy being from 11 to 20 years shorter. Conclusion Our data show that persons in the Nordic countries with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder have a substantially reduced life expectancy. An evaluation of the reasons for these increased mortality rates should be prioritized when planning healthcare in the coming years.