{"results":[{"id":"doaj_10.15890/j.cnki.jsjs.2026.01.004","title":"致人体健康危害的饮用水氯化消毒副产物流行病学调查研究进展","authors":[{"name":"SUN Zhuoran"},{"name":"CAI Yu"},{"name":"SONG Qian"},{"name":"WANG Pujun"},{"name":"ZHANG Haiyan"}],"abstract":"\n          【目的】饮用水在氯消毒过程中生成一系列的氯化消毒副产物(Cl-DBPs),带来了潜在的环境和健康风险，本文综述了致人体健康危害的饮用水Cl-DBPs流行病学调查研究进展，并进行总结与展望，从而为饮用水质量管理与公共卫生保障提供科学依据。【方法】文章以Cl-DBPs与人体膀胱癌、结直肠癌等恶性肿瘤的关联性为切入点，结合生殖激素紊乱、不良妊娠结果及胎儿生长受限等健康影响，总结分析了水质标准中重要的Cl-DBPs对人体健康危害的研究进展，结合我国饮用水新国标中相关限值的制定与修订背景，探讨其健康效应的关联性与可能机制，以期为促进饮用水质量管理与保障人民群众的身体健康提供参考。【结果】长期暴露于饮用水中Cl-DBPs与多种健康结果存在统计学关联。如对膀胱癌、结直肠癌、生殖健康方面、胎儿生长发育等方面存在着重大影响。在未来的研究中，开展饮用水中Cl-DBPs的全球系统性调查，可揭示Cl-DBPs的全球分布规律及其驱动因素，从而科学识别高风险区域与易感人群，提高饮用水质量。【结论】Cl-DBPs对人体健康存在多系统潜在危害，尤其在致癌与生殖发育方面值得高度关注。我国《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2022)加强了对Cl-DBPs的管控，未来需进一步开展全球系统性调查、内暴露评估及多途径暴露研究，以更准确评估其健康风险。","source":"DOAJ","year":2026,"language":"","subjects":["Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes"],"doi":"10.15890/j.cnki.jsjs.2026.01.004","url":"https://doi.org/10.15890/j.cnki.jsjs.2026.01.004","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":70},{"id":"doaj_10.22093/wwj.2025.503350.3464","title":"Multi-Objective Optimization of Pressure-Reducing Valves Operation in Extreme Water Consumption Scenarios (Case Study: Najaf Abad Urban Water Distribution Network)","authors":[{"name":"Seyed Pedram Jazayeri Farsani"},{"name":"Ramtin Moeini"}],"abstract":"Pressure and residual chlorine concentration are among the key parameters in urban water distribution networks that require continuous monitoring and control. These networks must ensure that consumer water demands are met with adequate pressure while optimizing water quality parameters, such as residual chlorine concentration, to maximize service satisfaction. In this study, the Najaf Abad urban water distribution network was selected as a real large-scale case study. A simultaneous optimization model was developed to determine nodal average pressure, residual chlorine concentration, and network combined reliability. The multi-objective optimization problem was solved using the NSGA-II algorithm under two extreme water consumption scenarios-maximum and minimum water withdrawal during warm and cold seasons. A Pressure-Driven Analysis approach was employed to calculate network parameters. Additionally, three objective functions were optimized using the NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm. The optimal solution was selected from the Pareto front using the TOPSIS method. The network under study includes four operational pressure-reducing valves; after determining their optimal set pressure values, the average network pressure was reduced by 2.9% during ward days and 13.5% during cold days. The average residual chlorine concentration did not undergo significant changes however, its further reduction was prevented through optimization, effectively achieving this objective as well. Lastly, the combined reliability increased by 1.7% and 1.3% for warm and cold days, respectively.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"doi":"10.22093/wwj.2025.503350.3464","url":"https://www.wwjournal.ir/article_218451_b084cce9189b395858eee2718d6bdf25.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.wwjournal.ir/article_218451_b084cce9189b395858eee2718d6bdf25.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"ss_af04986a210e663a013260fb980eda8fed260403","title":"Household level wastewater management and disposal data collection in the U.S.: the history, shortcomings, and future policy implications","authors":[{"name":"Jillian Maxcy-Brown"},{"name":"Mark A. Elliott"},{"name":"Bennett Bearden"}],"abstract":"Country-level sanitation access is monitored globally by the Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP). However, recent reports on sanitation access in high-income countries indicate that the JMP data may underestimate the prevalence of unsafely managed sanitation in these settings. This study explains the surveys that collect household-level wastewater management data in the U.S. and analyzes the accuracy and reliability of these data sets. From 1940 to 1990, sewage disposal data were collected comprehensively through the U.S. Decennial Census. These data are currently collected through the American Housing Survey (AHS) which appears to greatly underestimate the usage of onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS). In addition to these surveys, we highlight current efforts to introduce a sewage disposal question to the American Community Survey (ACS), localized efforts to collect wastewater data, and the Point-in-Time count of people experiencing homelessness. Using estimates of OWTS usage in new housing, this study provides the first defensible national estimate of OWTS usage since 1990. We estimate that 25.03% of U.S. households use OWTS which exceeds the AHS estimate (15.7%) by over 12 million households. This study discusses the potential for better wastewater data collection to inform future wastewater policy and improve the quality of life for U.S. residents.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.147","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/af04986a210e663a013260fb980eda8fed260403","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/wp/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/wp.2023.147/1292219/wp2023147.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":16,"published_at":"","score":67.47999999999999},{"id":"doaj_10.22093/wwj.2023.364246.3288","title":"Investigation of Water Consumption in Loshan Power Plant and Technical-Economic Evaluation of the Suggested Solutions to Modify the Consumption Pattern","authors":[{"name":"Mohsen Esamaeilpour"},{"name":"Majid Ghahraman Afshar"},{"name":"Morteza Faghihi"},{"name":"Mehdi Rafiei"}],"abstract":"Lack of water is considered the most important threat to the survival of human beings and natural ecosystems. Food and energy security, health and industrial progress, which are the main components of the sustainable development of societies, depend on water more than anything else. Water consumption in Loshan power plant is 2600 L/MWh raw water, which is very high compared to the production capacity and is due to having a tower in its cooling system. Considering the high volume of water consumed in this power plant compared to the production efficiency and on the other hand, reducing the amount of rainfall and droughts that have occurred, it is necessary to provide a solution to modify the consumption pattern for this power plant. Considering the special position of this power plant, solutions to modify the water consumption pattern by recycling clean drains (blow down of boilers, back wash of sand filters and water sampling), purification and recycling the blow down of cooling towers into the water cycle and optimization of cooling towers (replacing drippers, replacing nozzles and optimizing water distribution to increase efficiency, using a rotating nozzle to increase the time and speed of the water droplets hitting the air in order to transfer more heat) are suggested. According to the experimental data, the conductivity of boiler blowdown is about 10 μs/cm and the expenses of recycling the blowdown of boiler by using heat exchanger is estimated about 324.425.000 Rials.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"doi":"10.22093/wwj.2023.364246.3288","url":"https://www.wwjournal.ir/article_180312_48c71d7279cfd053f5787741e37c8e75.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.wwjournal.ir/article_180312_48c71d7279cfd053f5787741e37c8e75.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.22093/wwj.2020.217387.2981","title":"Urban Subaltern Areas and Residents' Narrative of Providing Services Water and Wastewater Company (Institutional Ethnography of Urban Subaltern of Sanandaj City)","authors":[{"name":"Hossein Daneshmehr"},{"name":"Osman Hedayat"}],"abstract":"Current study seeks to present a narrative of the residents of the suburbs of Sanandaj on the provision of services and urban facilities. This was in contrast to the narratives of the Water and Wastewater Company's experts and statistics, documentation and information were posted on the company's website. The underlying assumption of this study revolves around the fact that suburbs lack adequate facilities and services and have been neglected. To this end, we have used sustainable urban development approaches, urban regeneration and quality of life to explain and change this. With regard to the subject and purpose of the study, we used the institutional ethnographic method by which the researcher seeks to expose the status quo and then provide strategies for changing the status quo. Therefore, data were gathered through theoretical, purposeful sampling with maximum diversity and semi-structured interviews until theoretical saturation with 20 subscribers and 7 experts of Kurdistan Water and Wastewater Company, as well as statistics and relevant documents were collected. The information collected was discussed in terms of concepts, primary and secondary categories. Primary categories were conflicting secondary services, quality of technical management, poor technical management, lack of coordination of events, lack of inter-organizational collaboration, inappropriate network infrastructure, and lack of customer-centricity, uncertainties, and overheads. They were drawn and extracted from these categories; the nuclear category of structural and institutional exclusion and the lack of coordination in the implementation and ambiguities of the bill. The results indicate a lack of sustainable urban development in the marginal areas and consequently a decline in the quality of life. This is reflected in the structural and institutional challenges faced by the suburbs in terms of their utilization of urban facilities. The lack of coordination in the implementation and ambiguities of the water and wastewater company has aggravated the process and caused underdevelopment issues. Therefore, what is needed on the outskirts of Sanandaj is the re-creation of a city that is making changes to the development of water and wastewater network infrastructure, maintaining and protecting the network, and transparency in customer billing and promotion, which is the quantity and quality of service provided in these areas.","source":"DOAJ","year":2021,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"doi":"10.22093/wwj.2020.217387.2981","url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_121659_eadd6e4e0ab01567bfb4b48dd72e765d.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_121659_eadd6e4e0ab01567bfb4b48dd72e765d.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":65},{"id":"doaj_10.22093/wwj.2020.207481.2946","title":"Presenting a Conceptual Model of Internal Marketing Development Considering the Fundamental Role of Economic Approach to Water and Wastewater Industry in Improving Performance","authors":[{"name":"Ebrahim Yazdian"},{"name":"musa ahmadi"},{"name":"mahmood noraei"}],"abstract":"This study presents a conceptual model with regard to the fundamental role of economic attitude towards water industry as one of the key aspects of the development of internal marketing in the water and wastewater industry. In this study, Interpretive Structural Analysis (ISM) method was used to collect data, interview, design conceptual model and gather data. The results show that according to the conceptual model presented in this study, the economic attitude towards the water industry with high penetration power is recognized as the most fundamental and influential aspect of the development of internal marketing. According to the linkage analysis method, especially the dimension of economic attitude to water industry, infiltration power - dependency is one of the most important aspects of development of internal marketing. In this respect, drafting of outsourcing regulation to improve the performance of water and wastewater industry is necessary.","source":"DOAJ","year":2021,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"doi":"10.22093/wwj.2020.207481.2946","url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_120822_d160800202def69a9e9b714ee8b75ccf.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_120822_d160800202def69a9e9b714ee8b75ccf.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":65},{"id":"doaj_10.22093/wwj.2020.207894.2948","title":"Phosphate Removal from Water and Wastewater using Sepia (Cuttlefish) Endoskeleton Powder as a Natural Adsorbent","authors":[{"name":"Shahla Elhami"},{"name":"Mehdi Sagha Kahvaz"},{"name":"Nadereh Rahbar"}],"abstract":"Wastewaters produced from various industries and their entry into surface water is one of the most important environmental problems that have harmful effects on aquatic life. Discharging phosphate from urban and industrial wastewater to the aquatic environment causes a lot of algae growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions using sepia endoskeleton (cuttlebone) powder as a natural biomass, cheap and non-toxic absorbent. This study was conducted in a batch system. Sepia endoskeleton was washed with distilled water. It was then dried at 80 °C and thoroughly powdered by milling. Physical and chemical properties of the adsorbent were determined using the Particle Sizer, atomic force microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence. The effects of variables affecting phosphate uptake, such as pH, adsorbent amount, contact time, initial concentration of phosphate and stirring rate were optimized. Also, the isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Tamkin and Dubbin-Radshkvich) and first-order and second-order kinetics models were used to evaluate the data. The results showed that the highest removal percentage was observed at pH 5, adsorbent content of 5 g/L and contact time of 10 min at initial phosphate concentration of 10 mg/L. Using sepia powder under optimal laboratory conditions, the phosphate ion with the concentration of 10 mg/L was removed with a yield of over 99%. The results indicated that the Freundlich isotherm model gives a better description than other models showing the adsorption of phosphate ions occurs in a heterogeneous surface. Using Langmuir model, the maximum absorption capacity for phosphate was 68.02 mg/g. The kinetic model of phosphate removal followed the pseudo-second-order model. Besides, the percentage of removal of the real samples was over 98%, indicating the great ability of this natural and inexpensive absorbent to remove this pollutant from the water solutions.","source":"DOAJ","year":2020,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"doi":"10.22093/wwj.2020.207894.2948","url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_117647_792119c56b84c1f565fc3e053008826e.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_117647_792119c56b84c1f565fc3e053008826e.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":64},{"id":"doaj_10.22093/wwj.2019.118532.2624","title":"Investigating the Potential of Swimming Pools Sullage Reuse for Landscape Irrigation, Case Study: Tehran city","authors":[{"name":"Maryam Izadpanah"},{"name":"Mohammad Hosein Sarrafzadeh"}],"abstract":"In recent years, excessive usage of surface and underground water resources has exerted great stress on Iran's water resources. A survey of water use trends in the past years and forecasts of water needs in the coming years, makes undesirable  perspective for the imbalance between water demand and resources in the near future. Planning for the exploration and use of unconventional water resources, such as gray water and sullage reuse, will greatly help to balance water shortage. In this research, sewage of swimming pools has been investigated because it is a type of urban sewage that has high technical, economic and environmental potential for implementation of urban sullage recycling project. A case study was carried out on 10 public swimming pools in Tehran to determine the volume and 7 pools for qualitative investigation on sewage of different parts of swimming pools. The results indicate that pools have a high quality and high volume wastewater that cause conceivable potential for recycling. For example, the average COD of the tested samples was 153 ppm and the maximum was 246 ppm, which is equivalent to organic load of weak urban wastewater. This wastewater also meets the standards of landscape irrigation in most of parameters, and in the other parameters such as organic load of some samples has a small variance from these standards, which could be met with a simple treatment unit like a depth filtration and an activated carbon. In addition, an average of 120 cubic meters of sullage per day is generated in each aquatic center complex, which is more than the production of gray water in a 700 people capacity residential complex. Reuse of this sullage, in addition to reducing transportation costs and load of centralized treatment plants, will reduce the pressure on water resources of our country by supplying water for non-potable purposes such as irrigation of landscaping.","source":"DOAJ","year":2020,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"doi":"10.22093/wwj.2019.118532.2624","url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_95931_cba1906865b1d7a60c7c8cab77e40fff.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_95931_cba1906865b1d7a60c7c8cab77e40fff.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":64},{"id":"doaj_10.22093/wwj.2017.81822.2381","title":"Prioritization of Surface Runoff Management Scenarios Using TOPSIS Method in Different Weighting Conditions\n(Case Study: Bojnord City)","authors":[{"name":"Raziye Izanloo"},{"name":"Vahedberdi Sheikh"}],"abstract":"In the past decades, urban development and the increase in densely populated urban areas have led to expansion of the impervious surfaces. This resulted in an increase in the volume and peak discharge of runoff. To face the intensified urban floods problems worldwide, many management practices have been proposed and implemented. This study attempted to investigate and prioritize suitable urban runoff management scenarios for Bojnord city. Based on a thorough literature review on international experiences and examples, local experts’ opinions, and operational feasibility, a total of six management alternatives including Bio-retention, Infiltration Trench, Pervious Asphalt, Pervious Paver Blocks, Green Roof, and Rain Barrels were chosen. The hydrological, social and economic implications were then assessed for these alternatives for the Bojnord city. A total of 60 questionnaires were filled out by face to face interviews with citizens. Likewise, an extra set of 30 questionnaires was filled out by the relevant experts and authorities. The cost of each management alternative along with their potential to reduce the runoff volume resulting from a rainfall with a five-year return period was analyzed using SWMM. The Multi Criteria Decision Making Method (MCDM) was used for prioritizing these alternatives. Then MCDM in this study used TOPSIS technics and was performed using different weighting conditions (equal weighting, Delphi, Shannon entropy, emphasizing on hydrologic, social and economic criteria).The result of this study indicated that when applying equal weighting method, Delphi and social criteria, Infiltration Trench scenario were considered as the most compatible option to ideal solution. While Rain Barrels scenario was considered as the top priority when Shannon entropy and economic criteria were emphasized. And finally, applying a hydrologic criterion put the Green Roof scenario on top priority","source":"DOAJ","year":2019,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"doi":"10.22093/wwj.2017.81822.2381","url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_63207_2dacbb656943e09863aab7537a54854b.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_63207_2dacbb656943e09863aab7537a54854b.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":63},{"id":"doaj_10.22093/wwj.2018.110808.2566","title":"Study on Photocatalytic and Sonocatalytic Activity of Bi2O3 Synthesized by Sol-gel Method in Removing Organic Compounds of Ardabil Textile Factory Effluents","authors":[{"name":"Parisa Nouri Dodaran"},{"name":"Ebrahim Fataei"},{"name":"Behnam Khanizadeh"}],"abstract":"Dye content of the textile industry wastewater has either chemical structure resistant against the purification processes such as physical, chemical and biological treatment methods or low removal efficiency. Thus, alternative methods must be used in order to remove the organic compounds of these effluents. In the present study we used bismuth oxide nanoparticles to remove the organic compounds from effluents of Ardabil Textile Factory. in the present study in order to use nanoparticle technology to remove organic compounds, firstly sol-gel method was used to synthesize the bismuth oxide nanoparticles, which were examined using XRD, FESEM and DRS techniques. Then, the nanoparticles were examined for their sonocatalytic and photocatalytic activities in the process of removing the organic compounds from the effluents of Ardabil Textile Factory. Results showed that compounds such as n-Decane, n-Dodecane, n-tetradecane and Hexadecane accounted for up to 70% of the abundance of chemical compounds. In the nanoparticle-free sample subject to ultrasonic waves, the removal rate of the chemical compounds including n-Decane, n-Dodecane, n-Tetradecane and Hexadecane was as low as 2.86%, 6.25%, 8.33% and 25%, respectively. In contrast, in the sample containing nanoparticles subject to ultrasonic waves the removal rate for n-Decane and n-Dodecane was as high as 92.14% and 95.13%, respectively, for n-Tetradecane and Hexadecane was over 99%. In the sample subject to UV and in the presence of bismuth oxide nanoparticles, n-Decane and n-Dodecane was removed by 92.82% and 93.75%, respectively, whereas n-Tetradecane and Hexadecane was removed by over 99%. results revealed that US without nanoparticles had a little efficiency in removing the organic compounds. Whereas, both the US/Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and UV/Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e processes had a removal efficiency of over 90%. Thus, adding nanoparticles of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e to the effluents can make a substantial contribution to the removal of organic compounds from the textile industry effluents.","source":"DOAJ","year":2019,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"doi":"10.22093/wwj.2018.110808.2566","url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_88299_cd0ef746c498203440939616d90f62fe.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_88299_cd0ef746c498203440939616d90f62fe.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":63},{"id":"ss_4702f19ecbecdc9b87534face341eb62b54845c5","title":"Solid Waste Management in Gomti River Basin in Response to Rapid Urbanization: A Review of Existing Infrastructure","authors":[{"name":"C. Singh"},{"name":"Shubhangi"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2019,"language":"en","subjects":["Business"],"doi":"10.37591/JOWPPR.V4I2.470","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4702f19ecbecdc9b87534face341eb62b54845c5","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":63},{"id":"ss_5a05a81911cd74d586f982eb6e86022a5bc1f4ce","title":"Design of Tunnel Inspection Robot for Large Diameter Sewers","authors":[{"name":"G. Seet"},{"name":"S. Yeo"},{"name":"W. Law"},{"name":"Burhan"},{"name":"C. Y. Wong"},{"name":"S. Sapari"},{"name":"K. K. Liau"}],"abstract":"Abstract The Singapore used water transport infrastructure comprises of three sewage systems: trunk sewer, link sewer network and the Deep Tunnel Sewerage System (DTSS). It is a solution towards Singapore’s long-term water needs such as used water collection, treatment, reclamation and disposal. Environmental conditions and activities in and outside the tunnels can lead to deterioration of tunnel assets such as liner cracking, dislocated joints or even collapsed sections over an extended period. Leaks from sewer tunnels may contaminate the surrounding land and pose risks to public health. In order to prolong the service life of sewers and to protect surrounding environment, inspecting the structural integrity of the tunnel is an essential part of infrastructure maintenance. The use of robots is one of the options being explored to assess underground spaces and to achieve enhanced inspection and maintenance capabilities. This option is desirable as it reduces the risk to humans resulting from prolonged incursions into a hazardous environment. The presence of biological contagions, hazardous and explosive gases (predominantly hydrogen sulphide, methane etc.) can pose a threat to the wellbeing of humans. Oxygen deprivation, absence of illumination and slippery conditions can further add to the risk level. In addition, automation promises greater reliability and manpower savings. Deploying robots into modern-day sewer systems are not without its engineering and technological challenges. Frequently there are restrictions to access through manhole openings. Access tunnels may have further structural obstructions to permit the use of launch support mechanisms. In addition, the depth of service tunnels approaches 50 m with distances between adjacent accesses points approaching 2 km. Keeping the robots supplied with power is challenging and with conflicting operational advantages and disadvantages between on-board battery and surface supplied power. The paper provides insights to the identification of design considerations and field trial for our tunnel inspection robot.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2018,"language":"en","subjects":["Computer Science"],"doi":"10.1016/J.PROCS.2018.07.078","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5a05a81911cd74d586f982eb6e86022a5bc1f4ce","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.078","is_open_access":true,"citations":15,"published_at":"","score":62.45},{"id":"ss_b0e41c71f6e2109a92202f3bc84578b936600325","title":"Design of Tunnel Inspection Robot for Large Diameter Sewers","authors":[{"name":"S. H. Yeoa"},{"name":"W. Lawa"},{"name":"C. Y. Wonga"},{"name":"S. Saparib"},{"name":"K. K. Liaub"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2018,"language":"en","subjects":null,"url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b0e41c71f6e2109a92202f3bc84578b936600325","is_open_access":true,"citations":4,"published_at":"","score":62.12},{"id":"ss_138322d2d5bab2033f0e3e657150f16d27aa718c","title":"OPTIMIZATION APPROACH FOR SEWERAGE NETWORK DESIGN USING SEWER LINE DESIGN ALGORITHM","authors":[{"name":"Daine"},{"name":"D. Rai"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2017,"language":"en","subjects":null,"url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/138322d2d5bab2033f0e3e657150f16d27aa718c","is_open_access":true,"citations":1,"published_at":"","score":61.03},{"id":"ss_d2dcaa1c80695cdcb2827b52e8af1de83ac5dc41","title":"Occurrence and Fate of Antibiotics as Trace Contaminants in Wastewater Collection and Disposal Systems - Case Study: University of Dar es Salaam Wastewater Stabilization Ponds, in Tanzania","authors":[{"name":"Fredrick Salukele"},{"name":"Dionis Rugai"},{"name":"M. Kaseva"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2017,"language":"en","subjects":["Environmental Science"],"url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d2dcaa1c80695cdcb2827b52e8af1de83ac5dc41","is_open_access":true,"citations":1,"published_at":"","score":61.03},{"id":"doaj_Study+the+Effectiveness+of+Implementing+Quality+Management+System%0AIn+the+Corporations+Won+the+ISO+Certificate%0A%28Case+Study%3A+The+Ministry+of+Energy%E2%80%99s+Subsidiaries+in+Isfahan%29","title":"Study the Effectiveness of Implementing Quality Management System\nIn the Corporations Won the ISO Certificate\n(Case Study: The Ministry of Energy’s Subsidiaries in Isfahan)","authors":[{"name":"Hamidreza Bahrami"},{"name":"Maryam Karimi"}],"abstract":"Nowadays most organizations have found that improving the quality of goods and services is the necessary condition to attend and survive in the market and in universal competition. ISO quality management system encompasses requirements for creating, deploying, implementing and maintaining quality management system. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of implementing quality management system in some ministry of energy’s subsidiaries in Isfahan province to whom the ISO certificate is given. In order to do that, the research questionnaire was made and data was collected from statistical society containing managers of subsidiaries. The results show that in the above mentioned subsidiaries, after receiving ISO certificate, the desired goals of the quality management system has not been fulfilled generally. The results indicate that lack of knowledge about the capabilities of human resources in implementing the quality management system and lack of efficient staff, lack of continuous control and supervision, exclusiveness of the services and lack of competing conditions, lack of trust among senior managers about the usefulness of quality management system and also lack of sufficient support and relying on dissatisfactory old processes has paved the way for inefficiency of quality management system.","source":"DOAJ","year":2017,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_48470_ad468e719109b5b42eeae3ebf818f5d2.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_48470_ad468e719109b5b42eeae3ebf818f5d2.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":61},{"id":"doaj_10.22093/wwj.2017.45931","title":"Pumping Drainage Well Layout and Optimum Capacity Design to Lower Groundwater Table in Urban Areas","authors":[{"name":"Mojtaba Shourian"},{"name":"Seyed Mohammad Javad Davoodi"}],"abstract":"High groundwater levels in urban areas pose major problems in construction and mining projects. A typical and effective solution in these situations is to dig drainage wells to lower the water table to the desired level through an appropriate pumping strategy. Although the method is efficient, the operating costs are relatively high and it is, therefore, of great importance to optimize the groundwater pumping system to save costs. In this paper, a simulation-based optimization approach is exploited to minimize the total costs through optimizing the layout and capacity of pumping wells. For this purpose, MODFLOW, the groundwater simulation software, is used to investigate aquifer behavior under pumping wells and the well-known Firefly Optimization Algorithm is exploited to find the optimal well layout and capacity. The proposed FOA-MODFLOW model is tested on the small urban ancient Grand Mosque region in Kerman City, southeast of Iran, to minimize the cost of the draining project. Experimental results indicate that the proposed cost-effective design noticeably outperforms the one proposed by the consulting engineers in terms of both the number of drilled wells and the associated pumping costs. The optimal strategy observes the constraints and demands by constructing only two wells with a total pumping rate of 5503 m3/day and a water table drawdown of more than 1.5 m provided the ground subsidence is within the allowable limit of less than 80 mm. Additionally, examination of the values obtained for the various design parameters shows that the proposed strategy is the best and its sensitivity to maximum permissible water level and pumping rates is highest as compared with other similar designs.","source":"DOAJ","year":2017,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"doi":"10.22093/wwj.2017.45931","url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_45931_caf05648e816d0838eb5344910ccc2c4.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_45931_caf05648e816d0838eb5344910ccc2c4.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":61},{"id":"doaj_Removal+of+Reactive-dyes+from+Textile+Plant+Effluents+Using+Polyvinyl+Alcohol-coated+Active+Carbon+obtained+from+Sesame+Seeds","title":"Removal of Reactive-dyes from Textile Plant Effluents Using Polyvinyl Alcohol-coated Active Carbon obtained from Sesame Seeds","authors":[{"name":"Sheida Moradi- Nasab"},{"name":"Sahar Belyani"},{"name":"Mahdi Behzad"},{"name":"Fatemeh Tamadon"}],"abstract":"In this study, the adsorption of active carbon derived from waste sesame seeds coated with polyvinyl alcohol (AC/PVA) was investigated for removing red 198 and blue 19 reactive dyes from textile effluents. The batch process was carried out to identify such parameters as pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, and initial dye concentration involved in the dye removal adsorption capacity of AC/PVA. Also, batch kinetic and isotherm experiments were conducted. Results indicated that the maximum dye removal was obtained in an acidic pH over 90 min of contact time and that adsorption rates followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. Blue and red dye concentrations were determined using the spectrophotometric method at 590 and 517 nm, respectively. It may be concluded that AC/PVA is capable of removing blue and red reactive dyes and can be used as an efficient, cheap, and accessible adsorbent for treating textile effluents.","source":"DOAJ","year":2016,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_15301_c24024ee0b0b4530e399d468d3791616.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_15301_c24024ee0b0b4530e399d468d3791616.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":60},{"id":"doaj_Evaluation+of+the+Natural+Adsorbent+Luffa+cylindrical+for+the+Removal+of+Cadmium+%28II%29+from+Aqueous+Environments","title":"Evaluation of the Natural Adsorbent Luffa cylindrical for the Removal of Cadmium (II) from Aqueous Environments","authors":[{"name":"Ali Shahidi"},{"name":"Nasim Jalilnezhad falizi"},{"name":"Elham Jalilnejad- falizi"}],"abstract":"Contamination of water resources with heavy metals has nowadays become a global problem that requires continuous monitoring and control. An annual quantity of about 25,000 tons of cadmium is normally discharged into the environment. The objective of this study was to investigate cadmium removal from aqueous environments with the natural Luffa sorbent using equilibrium experiments consisting of the batch flow mode and the continuous flow mode reactors with a fixed bed column. The effects of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial solution concentration on the uptake of metal ions by the adsorbent in the batch operation were examined. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to investigate the adsorption equilibrium. The adsorption behavior of Cd(II) ions fitted both isotherms but followed the Langmuir isotherm most precisely (R2=0.987), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 6.711 mg/g. Cadmium removal in the continuous flow mode using a fixed bed column was also studied. The effecte of operating parameters such as flow rate and inlet Cd(II) concentration on the sorption characteristics of Luffa were determined by assessing the breakthrough curve. The data confirmed that the total amount of sorbet Cd(II) and equilibrium Cd(II) uptakes decreased with increasing flow rate but increased with increasing inlet Cd(II) concentration. The Adams–Bohart model was applied to the experimental data to predict the breakthrough curves and to determine the characteristic parameters of the column useful for process design. Results showed that the natural Luffa absorbent was capable of efficiently removing cadmium from water.","source":"DOAJ","year":2015,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes","Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"],"url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_8499_9fddd2f99e800f232871cb6f5d2caae4.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.wwjournal.ir/article_8499_9fddd2f99e800f232871cb6f5d2caae4.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":59},{"id":"ss_ac1d8edf7c6e037836aa376df546cb83aecaad58","title":"Proposed sanitation for a timber house constructed on water","authors":[{"name":"Navid Nasrolah Mazandarani"},{"name":"R. Ibrahim"},{"name":"T. Mohammad"},{"name":"A. Idris"},{"name":"M. Ismail"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2015,"language":"en","subjects":["Environmental Science"],"url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ac1d8edf7c6e037836aa376df546cb83aecaad58","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":59}],"total":4762600,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["DOAJ","CrossRef","Semantic Scholar"],"query":"Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage"}