{"results":[{"id":"doaj_10.1002/eng2.13035","title":"Path Planning Approaches in Multi‐robot System: A Review","authors":[{"name":"Semonti Banik"},{"name":"Sajal Chandra Banik"},{"name":"Sarker Safat Mahmud"}],"abstract":"ABSTRACT The essential factor in developing multi‐robot systems is the generation of an optimal path for task completion by multiple robots. To ensure effective path planning, this paper studies the recent publications and provides a detailed review of the path planning approaches to avoid collisions in uncertain environments. In this article, path‐planning approaches for multiple robots are categorized primarily into classical, heuristic, and artificial intelligence‐based methods. Among the heuristic approaches, bio‐inspired approaches are mostly employed to optimize the classical approaches to enhance their adaptability. The articles are analyzed based on static and dynamic scenarios, real‐time experiments, and simulations involving hybrid solutions. The increasing focus on using hybrid approaches in dynamic environments is found mostly in the papers employing heuristic and AI‐based approaches. In real‐time applications, AI‐based approaches are highly implemented in comparison to heuristic and classical approaches. Moreover, the findings from this review, highlighting the strengths and drawbacks of each algorithm, can help researchers select the appropriate approach to overcome the limitations in designing efficient multi‐robot systems.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)","Electronic computers. Computer science"],"doi":"10.1002/eng2.13035","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13035","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100181","title":"Australian catholic teachers’ preparedness in identifying and responding to harmful sexual behavior and their training and resource needs","authors":[{"name":"Lesley-anne Ey"},{"name":"Neil Tippett"},{"name":"Elspeth McInnes"},{"name":"Lewis Cockram"},{"name":"Anissa Ostovar-Ravare"}],"abstract":"Background: Schools are often at the forefront of needing to identify and respond to harmful sexual behavior (HSB). However, there is limited understanding about what training and resources Australian teachers receive on HSB or what they need. Objective: To explore Catholic Education staff's preparedness and their training and resource needs for identifying and responding to HSB in education settings. Participants: and Setting: Seventy-four Catholic education staff answered an online survey, and a further 14 Catholic education pastoral care and leadership staff engaged in single. Method: Online survey and single interviews. Findings: Overall, participants felt most prepared to identify HSB and provide an immediate response to HSB, while they felt least prepared to respond to the parental community and to the families of children affected by HSB. Notably, teachers felt the least prepared to provide ongoing support to children affected by HSB and to respond to families and the parental community in matters concerning HSB. Participants called for training and resources to better support education staff in identifying and responding to HSB. Conclusion: This research has demonstrated that Catholic Education staff feel better prepared in identifying and responding to several elements of HSB than previous research with teachers has indicated, however they still feel inadequate in ongoing responses to children affected by HSB and in responding to parents.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Social sciences (General)"],"doi":"10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100181","url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950193825000889","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.17179/excli2024-7998","title":"Phyto-derived interferons: a promising frontier in antiviral therapy development","authors":[{"name":"Baskar Venkidasamy"},{"name":"Ashok Kumar  Balaraman"},{"name":"Muthu Thiruvengadan"}],"abstract":"","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens","Biology (General)"],"doi":"10.17179/excli2024-7998","url":"https://www.excli.de/excli/article/view/7998","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.1016/j.aohep.2025.101950","title":"CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA IN INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE IS DIAGNOSED EARLIER, LEADING TO BETTER PROGNOSIS","authors":[{"name":"Laura Izquierdo Sanchez"},{"name":"Julen Matin Robles"},{"name":"Jone Narbaiza"},{"name":"Angela Lamarca"},{"name":"Adelaida La Casta"},{"name":"Heinz-Josef Klümpen"},{"name":"Arun Valsan"},{"name":"Stephanie Roessler"},{"name":"Chiara Braconi"},{"name":"Leonardo G. da Fonseca"},{"name":"Cristina Dopazo"},{"name":"Trine Folseraas"},{"name":"Bas Groot Koerkamp"},{"name":"Domingo Balderramo"},{"name":"Mariano Ponz Sarvise"},{"name":"Javier Díaz Ferrer"},{"name":"Krzysztof Zieniewicz"},{"name":"Zeno Sparchez"},{"name":"Kirsten Utpatel"},{"name":"Markus Peck Radosavljevic"},{"name":"Alejandro Forner"},{"name":"Luis Bujanda"},{"name":"Jesus M. Banales"}],"abstract":"Introduction and Objectives: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) incidence and mortality are rising globally. Chronic liver diseases (CLD) are recognized risk factors. This study aimed to compare the clinical presentation and outcomes of CCA in patients with and without CLD, using data from the International CCA Registry. Patients and Methods: The international CCA Registry is a multicenter observational study enrolling cases from 54 centers across Latin America, Europe, and Asia (2010–2024). Results: Among 3,693 patients enrolled, 916 had CLD and 2,777 did not. Common CLD conditions were fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Compared to non-CLD patients, those with CLD were more often male (69% vs. 53%), younger at diagnosis (63 vs. 66 years), and had higher rates of metabolic risk factors, alcohol use, and smoking. Intrahepatic CCA was more frequent in CLD patients (64% vs. 43%), whereas distal CCA was more common in non-CLD cases (20% vs. 9%). CLD patients had better performance status (ECOG 0: 53% vs. 35%), lower CA19-9 levels (59.0 vs. 134.5 U/mL), and more localized disease (56% vs. 48%). Curative-intent surgery was more frequent in the CLD group (59% vs. 48%), translating into longer median overall survival (12.3 vs. 11.0 months) and higher 5-year survival (OR = 1.67; p \u003c 0.001). The benefit was especially evident in intrahepatic CCA. Treatment responses were comparable between groups. Conclusions: CCA is diagnosed at earlier stages in individuals with CLD, likely due to certain clinical surveillance, leading to better prognosis. Prospective validation and standardized surveillance protocols are warrant.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Specialties of internal medicine"],"doi":"10.1016/j.aohep.2025.101950","url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1665268125001759","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.4103/aihb.aihb_128_24","title":"Comparative Analysis of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Root Proximity to the Mandibular Canal using Orthopantomography and Cone-beam Computed Tomography Imaging Modalities: A Pilot Study","authors":[{"name":"Jigar Joshi"},{"name":"Bhavin Dudhia"},{"name":"Dhaval Mehta"},{"name":"Niral Thaker"},{"name":"Hitesh Patel"}],"abstract":"Introduction:\nFully detect risks of nerve damage, which can lead to temporary or permanent issues. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers a three-dimensional (3D) view, providing more detailed visualisation of anatomical structures and their spatial relationships, which improves the accuracy of predicting nerve exposure. The study aims to evaluate and compare these imaging techniques’ effectiveness in categorising the relationship between third molars and the inferior alveolar canal, emphasising the importance of precise imaging for safer surgical outcomes.\nMaterials and Methods:\nA pilot study involving 20 patients, representing 10% of the total sample size of 200, was conducted at Ahmedabad Dental College’s Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. Investigators, trained to interpret radiological images from orthopantomography (OPG) and CBCT, compared their interpretations with those of two experts. A high inter-rater reliability was confirmed with a kappa statistic of 0.98. Following ethical approval, data were retrospectively collected from 20 cases, with digital OPG and CBCT images analysed and classified according to established criteria.\nResults:\nThe results revealed a significant association between the results diagnosed through OPG and CBCT indicating similarity in their diagnosis. It was also seen that there was no bias towards the gender and the distribution was similar in case of diagnosis through OPG or CBCT.\nConclusion:\nCBCT demands an in-depth understanding of anatomy and pathology, coupled with proficiency in operating imaging software and the ability to identify abnormalities in cross-sectional images. When executed and interpreted accurately, CBCT proves to be an exceptionally valuable tool in clinical dental practice. Its detailed 3D imaging capabilities enhance the assessment of complex cases, such as those involving intricate anatomical structures and pathologies. By providing comprehensive views that surpass traditional two-dimensional imaging, CBCT aids in precise diagnosis and treatment planning, making it an indispensable resource for addressing various dental conditions effectively.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Biology (General)"],"doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_128_24","url":"https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aihb.aihb_128_24","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.1002/agt2.640","title":"Microenvironment‐adaptive nanodecoy synergizes bacterial eradication, inflammation alleviation, and immunomodulation in promoting biofilm‐associated diabetic chronic wound healing cascade","authors":[{"name":"Lei Chen"},{"name":"Mengna Peng"},{"name":"Wei He"},{"name":"Xiaoli Hu"},{"name":"Jian Xiao"},{"name":"Linqi Shi"},{"name":"Yong Liu"},{"name":"Yuanfeng Li"}],"abstract":"Abstract The presence of bacterial biofilms and the occurrence of excessive inflammatory response greatly imped the healing process of chronic wounds in diabetic patients. However, effective strategies to simultaneously address these issues are still lacking. Here, a microenvironment‐adaptive nanodecoy (GC@Pd) is constructed via the coordination and in situ reduction of palladium ions on gallic acid‐modified chitosan (GC) to promote wound healing by synergistic biofilm eradication, inflammation alleviation, and immunoregulation. During the weakly acidic conditions of the biofilm infection stage, GC@Pd serves as a nanodecoy to induce bacterial aggregation. Subsequently, through its oxidase‐like activity generating reactive oxygen species and the hyperthermia from photothermal effects, it effectively eliminates the biofilm. As the local microenvironment of diabetic wounds transitions to an alkaline inflammatory state, the enzyme‐like activity of GC@Pd adapts to catalase‐like activity, effectively eliminating reactive oxygen species at the site of inflammation. Additionally, GC@Pd could selectively capture pro‐inflammatory cytokines through Michael addition reactions. In vivo experiments and transcriptomic analysis confirmed that GC@Pd could accelerate the wound transition from inflammatory to proliferative phase by eliminating biofilm infection and reducing the inflammatory response, thus promoting diabetic chronic wound healing. The nanodecoy provides a potential therapeutic strategy for treating biofilm‐infected diabetic chronic wounds.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Chemistry","Biology (General)"],"doi":"10.1002/agt2.640","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.640","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/cells11193007","title":"Hypoxia-Inducible Expression of Annexin A6 Enhances the Resistance of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells to EGFR and AR Antagonists","authors":[{"name":"Stephen D. Williams"},{"name":"Tunde M. Smith"},{"name":"LaMonica V. Stewart"},{"name":"Amos M. Sakwe"}],"abstract":"Physiological changes such as hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME) endow cancer cells with malignant properties, leading to tumor recurrence and rapid progression. Here, we assessed the effect of hypoxia (1% Oxygen) on the tumor suppressor Annexin A6 (AnxA6) and the response of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and androgen receptor (AR) targeted therapies. We demonstrate that brief exposure of TNBC cells to hypoxia (within 24 h) is associated with down regulation of AnxA6 while \u003e 24 h exposure cell type dependently stimulated the expression of AnxA6. Hypoxia depicted by the expression and stability of HIF-1/2α led to up regulation of the HIF target genes \u003ci\u003eSLC2A1\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003ePGK1\u003c/i\u003e as well as AR and the AR target genes \u003ci\u003eFABP-4\u003c/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003ePPAR-γ\u003c/i\u003e, but the cellular levels of AnxA6 protein decreased under prolonged hypoxia. Down regulation of AnxA6 in TNBC cells inhibited, while AnxA6 over expression enhanced the expression and cellular levels of HIF-1/2α, \u003ci\u003eSLC2A1\u003c/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003ePGK1\u003c/i\u003e. RNAi mediated inhibition of hypoxia induced AnxA6 expression also strongly inhibited glucose uptake and ROS production in AnxA6 expressing TNBC cells. Using a luciferase reporter assay, we confirm that short-term exposure of cells to hypoxia inhibits while prolonged exposure of cells to hypoxia enhances AnxA6 promoter activity in HEK293T cells. Compared to cells cultured under normoxia, TNBC cells were more resistant to lapatinib under hypoxic conditions, and the downregulation of AnxA6 sensitized the cells to EGFR as well as AR antagonists. These data suggest that AnxA6 is a hypoxia inducible gene and that targeting AnxA6 upregulation may be beneficial in overcoming TNBC resistance to EGFR and/or AR targeted therapies.","source":"DOAJ","year":2022,"language":"","subjects":["Cytology"],"doi":"10.3390/cells11193007","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/19/3007","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":66},{"id":"doaj_10.1155/2022/6428887","title":"Optimal Deployment of Dynamic Wireless Charging Lanes for Electric Vehicles considering the Battery Charging Rate","authors":[{"name":"Jun Du"},{"name":"Mingyang Pei"},{"name":"Bin Jia"},{"name":"Pan Wu"}],"abstract":"Dynamic wireless charging (DWC) technology enables the charging of electric vehicles (EVs) en route without the need for stopping on long-distance trips. Based on DWC technology, a dynamic wireless charging system (DWCS) concept is proposed to determine the number of DWC lanes and their locations and lengths considering varying battery charging rates. A two-stage approach is proposed to design the optimal DWCS. First, we propose a mixed-integer model with nonlinear constraints to determine the locations and lengths of the charging lanes. This model is further reformulated as a mixed-integer linear problem to make it suitable to solve with off-the-shelf commercial solvers (e.g., Gurobi). Next, we propose a method to obtain an approximately optimal solution for the number of lanes. Then, a numerical example from a freeway in Guangdong Province, China, is investigated to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model and its effectiveness in reducing the construction costs.","source":"DOAJ","year":2022,"language":"","subjects":["Transportation engineering","Transportation and communications"],"doi":"10.1155/2022/6428887","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6428887","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":66},{"id":"doaj_10.1002/ece3.8411","title":"Fishing, predation, and temperature drive herring decline in a large marine ecosystem","authors":[{"name":"Daniel G. Boyce"},{"name":"Brian Petrie"},{"name":"Kenneth T. Frank"}],"abstract":"Abstract Since 1960, landings of Atlantic herring have been the greatest of any marine species in Canada, surpassing Atlantic cod and accounting for 24% of the total seafood harvested in Atlantic Canada. The Scotian Shelf‐Bay of Fundy herring fisheries (NAFO Division 4VWX) is among Canada's oldest and drives this productivity, accounting for up to 75% of the total herring catch in some years. The stocks’ productivity and overall health have declined since 1965. Despite management measures to promote recovery implemented since 2003, biomass remains low and is declining. The factors that drive the productivity of 4VWX herring are primarily unresolved, likely impeding the effectiveness of management actions on this stock. We evaluated potential drivers of herring variability by analyzing 52 time‐series that describe the temporal and spatial evolution of the 4VWX herring population and the physical, ecological, and anthropogenic factors that could affect them using structural equation models. Variation in herring biomass was best accounted for by the exploitation rate's negative effect and the geographic distribution of fishing and recruitment. Thermal phenology and temperature adversely and egg predation positively impacted the early life stage mortality rate and, ultimately, adult biomass. These findings are broadly relevant to fisheries management, but particularly for 4VWX herring, where the current management approach does not consider their early life stage dynamics or assess them within the ecosystem or climate change contexts.","source":"DOAJ","year":2021,"language":"","subjects":["Ecology"],"doi":"10.1002/ece3.8411","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8411","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":65},{"id":"doaj_10.19261/cjm.2021.861","title":"β-D-galactopyranoside Seco-phytoporphyrin from Atropa Belladonna and Solanum Tuberosum Yellow Leaves Determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance","authors":[{"name":"Nina Djapic"}],"abstract":"The study described the isolation of β-D-galactopyranoside seco-phytoporphyrin from Atropa belladonna and Solanum tuberosum yellow leaves. Column chromatography was applied for its isolation. The UV-Vis, mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy were used for the structure confirmation. The results demonstrate that the two plants that the same chlorophyll catabolite structure.","source":"DOAJ","year":2021,"language":"","subjects":["Chemistry","General. Including alchemy"],"doi":"10.19261/cjm.2021.861","url":"\n      http://www.cjm.asm.md/sites/default/files/article_files/ChemJMold_10.19261cjm.2021.861-Djapic.pdf\n    ","pdf_url":"\n      http://www.cjm.asm.md/sites/default/files/article_files/ChemJMold_10.19261cjm.2021.861-Djapic.pdf\n    ","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":65},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/app11198912","title":"A Double Sky-Hook Algorithm for Improving Road-Holding Property in Semi-Active Suspension Systems for Application to In-Wheel Motor","authors":[{"name":"Seunghoon Woo"},{"name":"Donghoon Shin"}],"abstract":"This paper presents a double sky-hook algorithm for controlling semi-active suspension systems in order to improve road-holding property for application in an in-wheel motor. The main disadvantage of the in-wheel motor is the increase in unsprung masses, which increases after shaking of the wheel, so it has poor road-holding that the conventional theoretical sky-hook algorithm cannot achieve. The double sky-hook algorithm uses a combination of damper coefficients, one from the chassis motion and the other from the wheel motion. Computer simulations using a quarter and full car dynamic models with the road conditions specified by ISO2631 showed the effectiveness of the algorithm. It was observed that the algorithm was the most effective in the vicinity of the wheel hop frequency. This paper also proposed the parameter set of the double sky-hook algorithm to differentiate the driving mode of vehicles under advanced development.","source":"DOAJ","year":2021,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)","Biology (General)","Physics","Chemistry"],"doi":"10.3390/app11198912","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/19/8912","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":65},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/app10165589","title":"Spacing Allocation Method for Vehicular Platoon: A Cooperative Game Theory Approach","authors":[{"name":"Yang Liu"},{"name":"Changfu Zong"},{"name":"Xiaojian Han"},{"name":"Dong Zhang"},{"name":"Hongyu Zheng"},{"name":"Chunmei Shi"}],"abstract":"Recently, spacing policies of the vehicular platoon have been widely developed to enhance safety, traffic efficiency, and fuel consumption. However, the integrated spacing policies aim to maximum overall benefit, and the distributed spacing policies intense to get optimal monomer benefit. Ignoring the fairness of the benefit allocation of each vehicle will reduce the motivation to constitute the platoon. To fill this critical gap, this study proposes a spacing allocation method by treating spacing decisions as cooperative games. A flock’s model which is used to be the payoff function is introduced based on bionic motion principles. We present a characteristic function of the platoon for the cooperative game model considering the specific structure of the platoon. The τ value, Shapley value, and average lexicographic value are introduced and applied to allocate the spacing fairly. Proposed methods are compared with constant distance policy in some typical situations. The simulation results demonstrate that the spacing policy based on cooperative game theory improved the stable time for consistency control and the convergence of longitudinal following error.","source":"DOAJ","year":2020,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)","Biology (General)","Physics","Chemistry"],"doi":"10.3390/app10165589","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/16/5589","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":64},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/app9061231","title":"Day-Ahead Electric Load Forecasting for the Residential Building with a Small-Size Dataset Based on a Self-Organizing Map and a Stacking Ensemble Learning Method","authors":[{"name":"Jaehyun Lee"},{"name":"Jinho Kim"},{"name":"Woong Ko"}],"abstract":"Electric load forecasting for buildings is important as it assists building managers or system operators to plan energy usage and strategize accordingly. Recent increases in the adoption of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) have made building electrical consumption data available, and this has increased the feasibility of data-driven load forecasting. Self-organizing map (SOM) has been successfully utilized to cluster a dataset into subsets containing similar data points. These subsets are then used to train the forecasting models to improve forecasting accuracy. However, some buildings may have insufficient data since newly installed monitoring devices such as AMI have no choice but to collect a limited amount of data. Using a clustering technique on small datasets could lead to overfitting when using forecasting models following an SOM network to be trained with clusters. This results in a relatively high generalization error. In this study, we propose to address this problem by employing the stacking ensemble learning method (SELM) that is well-known for its generalization ability. An experimental study was conducted using the electricity consumption data of an actual institutional building and meteorological data. Our proposed model outperformed other baseline models, which means it successfully mitigates the effect of overfitting.","source":"DOAJ","year":2019,"language":"","subjects":["Technology","Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)","Biology (General)","Physics","Chemistry"],"doi":"10.3390/app9061231","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/6/1231","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/6/1231","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":63},{"id":"doaj_10.1186/s13661-019-1124-1","title":"Some existence results of positive solutions for p-Laplacian systems","authors":[{"name":"Peng Wang"},{"name":"Yuanfang Ru"}],"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we establish several new existence theorems for positive solutions of systems of (2n,2m) $(2n,2m)$-order of two p-Laplacian equations. The results are based on the Krasnosel’skii fixed point theorem and mainly complement those of Djebali, Moussaoui, and Precup.","source":"DOAJ","year":2019,"language":"","subjects":["Analysis"],"doi":"10.1186/s13661-019-1124-1","url":"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13661-019-1124-1","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":63},{"id":"doaj_10.7717/peerj.4797","title":"Water mites (Acari, Hydrachnidia) of riparian springs in a small lowland river valley: what are the key factors for species distribution?","authors":[{"name":"Andrzej Zawal"},{"name":"Robert Stryjecki"},{"name":"Edyta Buczyńska"},{"name":"Paweł Buczyński"},{"name":"Joanna Pakulnicka"},{"name":"Aleksandra Bańkowska"},{"name":"Tomasz Czernicki"},{"name":"Katarzyna Janusz"},{"name":"Agnieszka Szlauer-Łukaszewska"},{"name":"Vladimir Pešić"}],"abstract":"This paper examines the impact of disturbance factors—flooding and intermittency—on the distribution of water mites in the riparian springs situated in the valley of a small lowland river, the Krąpiel. The landscape factors and physicochemical parameters of the water were analysed in order to gain an understanding of the pattern of water mite assemblages in the riparian springs. Three limnological types of springs were examined (helocrenes, limnocrenes and rheocrenes) along the whole course of the river and a total of 35 water mite species were found. Our study shows that flooding influences spring assemblages, causing a decrease in crenobiontic water mites in flooded springs. The impact of intermittency resulted in a high percentage of species typical of temporary water bodies. Surprisingly, the study revealed the positive impact of the anthropogenic transformation of the river valley: preventing the riparian springs from flooding enhances the diversity of crenobiontic species in non-flooded springs. In the conclusion, our study revealed that further conservation strategies for the protection of the riparian springs along large rivers would take into account ongoing climatic changes and possible the positive impact of the anthropogenic transformation of river valleys.","source":"DOAJ","year":2018,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine","Biology (General)"],"doi":"10.7717/peerj.4797","url":"https://peerj.com/articles/4797/","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":62},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/inventions3040071","title":"A Robust Information Life Cycle Management Framework for Securing and Governing Critical Infrastructure Systems","authors":[{"name":"Vrettos Moulos"},{"name":"George Chatzikyriakos"},{"name":"Vassilis Kassouras"},{"name":"Anastasios Doulamis"},{"name":"Nikolaos Doulamis"},{"name":"Georgios Leventakis"},{"name":"Thodoris Florakis"},{"name":"Theodora Varvarigou"},{"name":"Evangelos Mitsokapas"},{"name":"Georgios Kioumourtzis"},{"name":"Petros Klirodetis"},{"name":"Alexandros Psychas"},{"name":"Achilleas Marinakis"},{"name":"Thanasis Sfetsos"},{"name":"Alexios Koniaris"},{"name":"Dimitris Liapis"},{"name":"Anna Gatzioura"}],"abstract":"In modern societies, the rampant growth of the Internet, both on the technological and social level, has created fertile ground for the emergence of new types of risk. On top of that, it enhances pre-existing threats by offering new means for accessing and exploiting Critical Infrastructures. As the kinds of potential threats evolve, the security, safety and resilience of these infrastructures must be updated accordingly, both at a prevention, as well as a real-time confrontation level. Our research approaches the security of these infrastructures with a focus on the data and utilization of every possible piece of information that derives from this ecosystem. Such a task is quite daunting, since the quantity of data that requires processing resides in the Big Dataspace. To address this, we introduce a new well-defined Information Life Cycle in order to properly model and optimise the way information flows through a modern security system. This life cycle covers all the possible stages, starting from the collection phase up until the exploitation of information intelligence. That ensures the efficiency of data processing and filtering while increasing both the veracity and validity of the final outcome. In addition, an agile Framework is introduced that is optimised to take full advantage of the Information Life Cycle. As a result, it exploits the generated knowledge taking the correct sequence of actions that will successfully address possible threats. This Framework leverages every possible data source that could provide vital information to Critical Infrastructures by performing analysis and data fusion being able to cope with data variety and variability. At the same time, it orchestrates the pre-existing processes and resources of these infrastructures. Through rigorous testing, it was found that response time against hazards was dramatically decreased. As a result, this Framework is an ideal candidate for strengthening and shielding the infrastructures\u0026rsquo; resilience while improving management of the resources used.","source":"DOAJ","year":2018,"language":"","subjects":["Engineering machinery, tools, and implements","Technological innovations. Automation"],"doi":"10.3390/inventions3040071","url":"http://www.mdpi.com/2411-5134/3/4/71","pdf_url":"http://www.mdpi.com/2411-5134/3/4/71","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":62},{"id":"doaj_10.5334/sta.cb","title":"The Protection of Civilians: An Evolving Paradigm?","authors":[{"name":"Stuart Gordon"}],"abstract":"Whilst the protection of civilians (POC) in conflict has been a recurring feature of the humanitarian discourse the same has not been true in military doctrines, where the protection of civilians has long been cast in terms of arms bearers upholding their responsibilities under international humanitarian law (IHL). However, opportunities for and pressures on military actors to develop more specific capacities and approaches in this field have grown: partly as a response to the changing nature, location and scope of conflict, particularly the increasing proportion of internal conflicts fought by irregular armed groups in urban environments. It is also a response to the scale and complexity of protection challenges in the Balkans, Rwanda, Darfur and Libya - each of which has clearly demonstrated that threats to civilians are complex and dynamic and that no single international actor is capable of mitigating them without significant support from other institutions (O’Callaghan and Pantuliano, 2007). Despite the enormous growth in opportunities for interaction between militaries and humanitarians there is only a very limited literature on their interaction over protection issues and evaluations of the emerging doctrines. Consequently this article charts the growth in military policies towards POC in the UN, UK, NATO and a range of other states as well as drawing attention to the challenges that still remain in operationalising responses.","source":"DOAJ","year":2013,"language":"","subjects":["International relations","Political science (General)"],"doi":"10.5334/sta.cb","url":"http://www.stabilityjournal.org/article/view/131","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":57},{"id":"doaj_Educa%C3%A7%C3%A3o+em+sa%C3%BAde%3A+ades%C3%A3o+a+lavagem+das+m%C3%A3os+entre+os+profissionais+da+%C3%A1rea+da+sa%C3%BAde","title":"Educação em saúde: adesão a lavagem das mãos entre os profissionais da área da saúde","authors":[{"name":"CAROLINA MAGRO BARREIROS"},{"name":"LUIS GUSTAVO GINARDI FIGUEIREDO"}],"abstract":"\nO presente trabalho tem por objetivo verificar a adesão da\nhigienização das mãos pelos profissionais da área da saúde para a\nprevenção das Infecções Hospitalares, que é um dos maiores problemas\nde saúde pública e verificar também quais as técnicas de educação em\nsaúde aplicada para esses profissionais. As Infecções Hospitalares são\ntodas as infecções adquiridas após 72h da admissão do paciente, inclusive\nas que ocorrerem antes desse tempo, depois de realizado qualquer\nprocedimento invasivo. Hoje, as Infecções Hospitalares são conhecidas\ncomo Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde ou Infecções\nAssociadas aos Cuidados em Saúde (IACS), pois as infecções podem\nocorrer em qualquer tipo de serviço e assistência e não apenas no âmbito\nhospitalar. O médico Húngaro, Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis (1818-1865),\nfoi quem descobriu como prevenir as Infecções Relacionadas à\nAssistência à Saúde, no ano de 1847, ao reportar evidências científicas\nsobre a importância da higienização das mãos antes de qualquer\nprocedimento. Desde então essa prática tem sido recomendada como\nmedida primária no controle da disseminação de agentes infecciosos e é\nconsiderada ação prioritária da prevenção e controle das infecções.\nPorém, nota-se que a maioria dos profissionais da área da saúde ainda\nnão aderiu à recomendação de Semmelweis, que, hoje, se fez norma, pela\nprecária educação em saúde, levando a desmotivação e falta de\nconscientização sobre a importância dessa técnica tão simples para o\ncombate e controle dos agentes causadores de infecções.\n1Enfermeira\n","source":"DOAJ","year":2012,"language":"","subjects":["Biology (General)","Nursing"],"url":"https://revista.uninga.br/uninga/article/view/1069","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":56},{"id":"doaj_Los+moluscos+terrestres+%28Mollusca%3A+Gastropoda%29+de+Costa+Rica%3A+clasificaci%C3%B3n%2C+distribuci%C3%B3n+y+conservaci%C3%B3n","title":"Los moluscos terrestres (Mollusca: Gastropoda) de Costa Rica: clasificación, distribución y conservación","authors":[{"name":"Zaidett Barrientos Llosa"}],"abstract":"Los moluscos terrestres son un grupo muy poco estudiado a nivel mundial. Hay 183 especies reportadas para Costa Rica, 30% son endémicas y 7% posiblemente están extintas. Se espera que en el país haya alrededor de 400 especies, de más del 95% se desconoce su biología, ecología, distribución, genética y otros campos de estudio. En Costa Rica las familias con mayor número de especies son Spiraxidae, Orthalicidae y Subulinidae. No obstante, es posible que Euconulidae sea aun más diversa, pues habitan las zonas altas del país que es en donde menos trabajo se ha hecho. El estudio de regiones altas aumentará el porcentaje de endemismo. Los futuros trabajos malacológicos taxonómicos, biológicos y ecológicos deben considerar la poca movilidad de este grupo, su tendencia a formar especies nuevas en simpatría, la especificidad de requerimientos de microhábitat, el hermafroditismo, la alta tasa de evolución (10% por millón de años) y la divergencia entre especies (2-30%). Para proteger adecuadamente la biodiversidad de la malacofauna costarricense, se requiere de estudios que determinen la distribución y abundancia de las especies y el efecto del uso de la tierra y del climático.","source":"DOAJ","year":2010,"language":"","subjects":["Biology (General)"],"url":"http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\u0026pid=S0034-77442010000400010\u0026lng=en\u0026tlng=en","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":54},{"id":"crossref_10.1002/sce.3730010110","title":"General science bulletin: \u003ci\u003ePreliminary Draft prepared by the Massachusetts State Committee on General Science\u003c/i\u003e","authors":null,"abstract":"","source":"CrossRef","year":1916,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.1002/sce.3730010110","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.3730010110","is_open_access":true,"citations":1,"published_at":"","score":50.03}],"total":17278798,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["CrossRef","DOAJ"],"query":"Science (General)"}