{"results":[{"id":"doaj_10.55476/001c.155051","title":"“How Can We Abandon Them?” The Legacy of Pope Francis on Right-Wing Populism","authors":[{"name":"Valerio Aversano"},{"name":"Ellen Van Stichel"}],"abstract":"In recent decades, a novel right-wing nationalist and\npopulist tendency has emerged on a global scale, frequently framing\nChristian identity as one of its central pillars. This article explores the relationship between right-wing populism and Christianity, by addressing how populism considers the role of religion on the one hand, and how Christianity position itself in relation to populism on the other hand, with a specific focus on Pope Francis’s social thought Although the relationship between right-wing populism and Christianity appears to be ambivalent, the response of Pope Francis, as elaborated in the encyclical _Fratelli Tutti_, is not. In the section entitled “A Better Kind of Politics,” the distinction between the “popular” and “populist leader” is employed as a hermeneutical tool to investigate current political developments. Furthermore, it enables us to respond to the allegation that Francis himself could be considered a populist, as some claim, referring to his alleged affinities with the political culture associated with Peronism. In his interpretation of the notion of political love as delineated in _Fratelli Tutti_, Francis leaves us with a legacy regarding the ethical response of Christians to populism, promoting instead a “culture of encounter” and a “better kind of politics.”","source":"DOAJ","year":2026,"language":"","subjects":["Moral theology"],"doi":"10.55476/001c.155051","url":"https://doi.org/10.55476/001c.155051","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":70},{"id":"ss_51e9b3f826cdceab2fd38ed96491ee49862f8ea1","title":"Transformasi Kehidupan Rohani Jemaat dalam Era Digital: Implikasi Digital Religion terhadap Pendidikan Agama Kristen","authors":[{"name":"Daniel Pesah Purwonugroho"}],"abstract":"This paper is designed to explore the transformation of church spiritual life in the digital era and the implications of digital religion for Christian religious education. Digital religion is a phenomenon that arises due to the rapid development of technology. Digital religion presents religious interactions in the digital space. Digital religion also changes the spiritual life of the congregation where worship celebrations, transmission of religious messages and pastoral care also experience significant changes. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, the author tries to explore how digital religion has implications for Christian religious education including transforming the spiritual life of the congregation. The author argues that churches, church leaders and Christian educators need to prepare themselves to equip congregants and learners about this digital religion phenomenon. This paper offers a practical attitude for church leaders and Christian educators to prepare themselves in facing digital religion so that the spiritual life of the congregation can be optimized properly.AbstrakTulisan ini dirancang untuk menelusuri transformasi kehidupan rohani jemaat dalam era digital dan implikasi digital religion terhadap pendidikan agama Kristen. Digital religion merupakan fenomena yang muncul dikarenakan perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat. Digital religion menghadirkan interaksi-interaksi keagamaan di ruang digital. Digital religion juga mengubah kehidupan rohani jemaat dimana perayaan ibadah, transmisi pesan keagamaan dan pastoral juga mengalami perubahan yang signifikan. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, penulis mencoba untuk mengeksplor bagaimana digital religion memberikan implikasi terhadap pendidikan agama Kristen termasuk mentransformasikan kehidupan rohani jemaat. Penulis menyatakan bahwa gereja, pemimpin gereja dan pendidik Kristen perlu mempersiapkan diri untuk memperlengkai jemaat dan peserta didik tentang fenomena digital religion ini. Tulisan ini menawarkan sebuah sikap praktis bagi pemimpin gereja dan pendidik Kristen untuk mempersiapkan diri dalam menghadapi digital religion agar kehidupan rohani jemaat dapat teroptimalisasi dengan baik.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.54403/rjtpi.v5i1.122","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/51e9b3f826cdceab2fd38ed96491ee49862f8ea1","is_open_access":true,"citations":4,"published_at":"","score":69.12},{"id":"arxiv_2509.08198","title":"Computation of Singular Godeaux Surfaces and a New Explicit Fake Quadric (With an Appendix by Christian Gleissner and Noah Ruhland)","authors":[{"name":"Carlos Rito"},{"name":"Christian Gleissner"},{"name":"Noah Ruhland"}],"abstract":"We present a computational method for detecting highly singular members in families of algebraic varieties. Applying this approach to a family of numerical Godeaux surfaces, we obtain explicit examples with many singularities. In particular, we construct a Godeaux surface whose singular locus consists of two $\\mathsf A_1$ and two $\\mathsf A_3$ singularities. We show that this surface admits a $\\mathbb{Z}/2 \\times \\mathbb{Z}/4$ abelian cover which is a smooth minimal surface of general type with invariants $K^2=8$ and $p_g=0$, i.e. a fake quadric. Together with the result in the Appendix, this provides the first explicit construction of a fake quadric that does not arise as a quotient of a product of curves.","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["math.AG"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08198","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.08198","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-09-10T00:04:21Z","score":69},{"id":"ss_25143ce3fe814a563dcbd9585fad9919873329b4","title":"Five Practical Applications of Honesty with God in the Christian Life","authors":[{"name":"Delia Doina Mihai"}],"abstract":"Admittedly, the commonest instinct of human beings after the Fall is to run from the Creator and wear masks while hiding behind all kinds of appearances (like false religion, “good” deeds, and/or good intentions). Despite this (or perhaps for this reason precisely), God, in his all-knowing wisdom, has ordained honesty and the idea of living in transparency (by the Light of his Word) to heal and repair the broken relationship with him. This means that we, as humans, must be completely open with Yahweh first and foremost, but also with ourselves, admitting our faults to ourselves rather than ignoring them. Honesty with God, in other words, means renouncing all attempts to justify, minimize, or even deny the grievousness of our sin (otherwise said, renouncing all masks and the appearance of human “goodness”) so that we might be not just forgiven, but also cleansed, healed and restored (at least partially, until the “completeness” comes). Thus, based on the biblical premise that transparency is the best shield against deceit and self-deceit, this article discusses five practical applications that the habit of being completely transparent with ourselves – but, most importantly, with God – develops in our Christian walk of faith.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.32862/k.19.2.5","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/25143ce3fe814a563dcbd9585fad9919873329b4","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.19166/dil.v6i1.7884","title":"Hubungan Antara Profesionalisme Dosen dengan Karakter Kristiani Mahasiswa (Studi Korelasi di Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang) [The Relationship Between Lecturer Professionalism and Student Christian Character (Correlation Study at the Faculty of Education, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang)]","authors":[{"name":"Abednego Tri Gumono"},{"name":"Yusak Tanasyah"},{"name":"Amos Naolaka"}],"abstract":"The realization of character education is a shared responsibility of both parents and educational institutions. Higher education as an integral educational facility has a responsibility to develop aspects of character. This is because character is an important domain in forming a student's personality as a whole. In this way, students can grow cognitively, affectively and psychometrically. The Faculty of Education, Pelita Harapan University has a profile of students who are competent, have character, have a calling as Christian teachers (Calling), and have compassion (compassion). To realize this profile, it must be supported by the professionalism of lecturers with the characteristics of having a loving spirit like the good Samaritan and a spirit of self-emptying of Christ in serving. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between lecturer professionalism and student Christian character. The results of this research will provide an overview, evaluation, and input to build Christian character in a sustainable manner. The method used in this research is a correlative quantitative method. The research results show that lecturer professionalism is significantly related to students' Christian character. The research results show that there is a correlation between lecturer professionalism and student Christian character of .537. Thus, it can be concluded that the correlation between lecturer professionalism and student Christian character is in the strong category. The test results show the significance value (p = .000) is smaller than 0.05. This means that there is not enough evidence to accept the proposed hypothesis (reject Ho). Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between lecturer professionalism and student Christian character.\n\nBAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Perwujudan pendidikan karakter merupakan tanggung jawab bersama antara orang tua dan institusi pendidikan. Perguruan tinggi sebagai salah satu sarana pendidikan yang tidak terpisahkan memiliki tanggung jawab untuk mengembangkan aspek karakter. Hal ini dikarenakan karakter merupakan domain penting dalam membentuk kepribadian mahasiswa secara utuh. Dengan demikian, mahasiswa dapat berkembang secara kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pelita Harapan memiliki profil mahasiswa yang kompeten, berkarakter, memiliki panggilan sebagai guru Kristen (Calling), dan memiliki belas kasih (compassion). Untuk mewujudkan profil tersebut, harus didukung oleh profesionalisme dosen dengan ciri-ciri memiliki semangat mengasihi seperti orang Samaria yang baik hati dan semangat mengosongkan diri seperti Kristus dalam melayani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara profesionalisme dosen dengan karakter kristiani mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini akan memberikan gambaran, evaluasi dan masukan untuk membangun karakter kristiani secara berkelanjutan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif korelasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profesionalisme dosen berhubungan secara signifikan dengan karakter kristiani mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara profesionalisme dosen dengan karakter kristiani mahasiswa sebesar 0,537. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa korelasi antara profesionalisme dosen dengan karakter Kristen mahasiswa berada pada kategori kuat Hasil uji t menunjukkan nilai signifikansi (p=.000) lebih kecil dari 0.05. Hal ini berarti tidak terdapat cukup bukti untuk menerima hipotesis yang diajukan (tolak Ho). Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara profesionalisme dosen dengan karakter kristiani mahasiswa.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Christianity","Practical religion. The Christian life","The Bible"],"doi":"10.19166/dil.v6i1.7884","url":"https://ojs.uph.edu/index.php/DIL/article/view/7884","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"doaj_10.31648/sw.10430","title":"Rodzina chrześcijańska w procesie rozpoznawania i kształtowania powołania kapłańskiego dziecka w kontekście postępującej sekularyzacji w Polsce","authors":[{"name":"Paweł Rabczyński"}],"abstract":"\nRodzina chrześcijańska, oprócz wspólnoty parafialnej i seminarium duchownego, jest podstawowym środowiskiem rozpoznawania i kształtowania powołania kapłańskiego. Wychowuje i towarzyszy osobie powołanej na wszystkich etapach jej formacji. Postępująca w Polsce sekularyzacja, połączona z rosnącym indywidualizmem i relatywizmem, sprawia, że należy przypominać i propagować chrześcijański model rodziny. Zgodnie z zamysłem Bożym jest ona zbudowana na przymierzu małżeńskim, \ncałożyciowej wspólnocie mężczyzny i kobiety, która prowadzi do zrodzenia i wychowania potomstwa. Odkrywanie i formowanie powołania kapłańskiego dziecka dokonuje się na drodze realizacji podstawowych zadań rodziny chrześcijańskiej, którymi są: tworzenie wspólnoty osób, służba życiu, udział w rozwoju społeczeństwa, uczestnictwo w życiu i posłannictwie Kościoła. W rodzinie dziecko uczy się wartości ludzkich i chrześcijańskich oraz doświadcza, że powołanie kapłańskie rodzi się z inicjatywy Boga i jest dziełem Jego miłości.\n","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Moral theology","Doctrinal Theology"],"doi":"10.31648/sw.10430","url":"https://czasopisma.uwm.edu.pl/index.php/sw/article/view/10430","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"arxiv_2406.13037","title":"Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): XIII. The Value of Combining Thermal Emission and Reflected Light for the Characterization of Earth Twins","authors":[{"name":"E. Alei"},{"name":"S. P. Quanz"},{"name":"B. S. Konrad"},{"name":"E. O. Garvin"},{"name":"V. Kofman"},{"name":"A. Mandell"},{"name":"D. Angerhausen"},{"name":"P. Mollière"},{"name":"M. R. Meyer"},{"name":"T. Robinson"},{"name":"S. Rugheimer"},{"name":"the LIFE Collaboration"}],"abstract":"Following the recommendations to NASA and ESA, the search for life on exoplanets will be a priority in the next decades. Two direct imaging space mission concepts are being developed: the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) and the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE). HWO focuses on reflected light spectra in the ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared (UV/VIS/NIR), while LIFE captures the mid-infrared (MIR) emission of temperate exoplanets. We assess the potential of HWO and LIFE in characterizing a cloud-free Earth twin orbiting a Sun-like star at 10 pc, both separately and synergistically, aiming to quantify the increase in information from joint atmospheric retrievals on a habitable planet. We perform Bayesian retrievals on simulated data from an HWO-like and a LIFE-like mission separately, then jointly, considering the baseline spectral resolutions currently assumed for these concepts and using two increasingly complex noise simulations. HWO would constrain H$_2$O, O$_2$, and O$_3$, in the atmosphere, with ~ 100 K uncertainty on the temperature profile. LIFE would constrain CO$_2$, H$_2$O, O$_3$ and provide constraints on the thermal atmospheric structure and surface temperature (~ 10 K uncertainty). Both missions would provide an upper limit on CH$_4$. Joint retrievals on HWO and LIFE data would accurately define the atmospheric thermal profile and planetary parameters, decisively constrain CO$_2$, H$_2$O, O$_2$, and O$_3$, and weakly constrain CO and CH$_4$. The detection significance is greater or equal to single-instrument retrievals. Both missions provide specific information to characterize a terrestrial habitable exoplanet, but the scientific yield is maximized with synergistic UV/VIS/NIR+MIR observations. Using HWO and LIFE together will provide stronger constraints on biosignatures and life indicators, potentially transforming the search for life in the universe.","source":"arXiv","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.EP","astro-ph.IM"],"doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202450320","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.13037","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.13037","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2024-06-18T20:04:35Z","score":68},{"id":"arxiv_2410.23892","title":"Database of Candidate Targets for the LIFE Mission","authors":[{"name":"Franziska Menti"},{"name":"José A. Caballero"},{"name":"Mark C. Wyatt"},{"name":"Antonio García Muñoz"},{"name":"Keivan G. Stassun"},{"name":"Eleonora Alei"},{"name":"Markus Demleitner"},{"name":"Grant Kennedy"},{"name":"Tim Lichtenberg"},{"name":"Uwe Schmitt"},{"name":"Jessica S. Schonhut-Stasik"},{"name":"Haiyang S. Wang"},{"name":"Sascha P. Quanz"},{"name":"the LIFE Collaboration"}],"abstract":"We present the database of potential targets for the Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE), a space-based mid-infrared nulling interferometer mission proposed for the Voyage 2050 science program of the European Space Agency (ESA). The database features stars, their planets and disks, main astrophysical parameters, and ancillary observations. It allows users to create target lists based on various criteria to predict, for instance, exoplanet detection yields for the LIFE mission. As such, it enables mission design trade-offs, provides context for the analysis of data obtained by LIFE, and flags critical missing data. Work on the database is in progress, but given its relevance to LIFE and other space missions, including the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO), we present its main features here. A preliminary version of the LIFE database is publicly available on the German Astrophysical Virtual Observatory (GAVO).","source":"arXiv","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.IM","astro-ph.EP"],"doi":"10.3847/2515-5172/ad887e","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.23892","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.23892","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2024-10-31T12:53:36Z","score":68},{"id":"arxiv_2410.13457","title":"Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE). XIV. Finding terrestrial protoplanets in the galactic neighborhood","authors":[{"name":"Lorenzo Cesario"},{"name":"Tim Lichtenberg"},{"name":"Eleonora Alei"},{"name":"Óscar Carrión-González"},{"name":"Felix A. Dannert"},{"name":"Denis Defrère"},{"name":"Steve Ertel"},{"name":"Andrea Fortier"},{"name":"A. García Muñoz"},{"name":"Adrian M. Glauser"},{"name":"Jonah T. Hansen"},{"name":"Ravit Helled"},{"name":"Philipp A. Huber"},{"name":"Michael J. Ireland"},{"name":"Jens Kammerer"},{"name":"Romain Laugier"},{"name":"Jorge Lillo-Box"},{"name":"Franziska Menti"},{"name":"Michael R. Meyer"},{"name":"Lena Noack"},{"name":"Sascha P. Quanz"},{"name":"Andreas Quirrenbach"},{"name":"Sarah Rugheimer"},{"name":"Floris van der Tak"},{"name":"Haiyang S. Wang"},{"name":"Marius Anger"},{"name":"Olga Balsalobre-Ruza"},{"name":"Surendra Bhattarai"},{"name":"Marrick Braam"},{"name":"Amadeo Castro-González"},{"name":"Charles S. Cockell"},{"name":"Tereza Constantinou"},{"name":"Gabriele Cugno"},{"name":"Jeanne Davoult"},{"name":"Manuel Güdel"},{"name":"Nina Hernitschek"},{"name":"Sasha Hinkley"},{"name":"Satoshi Itoh"},{"name":"Markus Janson"},{"name":"Anders Johansen"},{"name":"Hugh R. A. Jones"},{"name":"Stephen R. Kane"},{"name":"Tim A. van Kempen"},{"name":"Kristina G. Kislyakova"},{"name":"Judith Korth"},{"name":"Andjelka B. Kovacevic"},{"name":"Stefan Kraus"},{"name":"Rolf Kuiper"},{"name":"Joice Mathew"},{"name":"Taro Matsuo"},{"name":"Yamila Miguel"},{"name":"Michiel Min"},{"name":"Ramon Navarro"},{"name":"Ramses M. Ramirez"},{"name":"Heike Rauer"},{"name":"Berke Vow Ricketti"},{"name":"Amedeo Romagnolo"},{"name":"Martin Schlecker"},{"name":"Evan L. Sneed"},{"name":"Vito Squicciarini"},{"name":"Keivan G. Stassun"},{"name":"Motohide Tamura"},{"name":"Daniel Viudez-Moreiras"},{"name":"Robin D. Wordsworth"},{"name":"the LIFE Collaboration"}],"abstract":"The increased brightness temperature of young rocky protoplanets during their magma ocean epoch makes them potentially amenable to atmospheric characterization to distances from the solar system far greater than thermally equilibrated terrestrial exoplanets, offering observational opportunities for unique insights into the origin of secondary atmospheres and the near surface conditions of prebiotic environments. The Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE) mission will employ a space-based mid-infrared nulling interferometer to directly measure the thermal emission of terrestrial exoplanets. Here, we seek to assess the capabilities of various instrumental design choices of the LIFE mission concept for the detection of cooling protoplanets with transient high-temperature magma ocean atmospheres, in young stellar associations in particular. Using the LIFE mission instrument simulator (LIFEsim) we assess how specific instrumental parameters and design choices, such as wavelength coverage, aperture diameter, and photon throughput, facilitate or disadvantage the detection of protoplanets. We focus on the observational sensitivities of distance to the observed planetary system, protoplanet brightness temperature using a blackbody assumption, and orbital distance of the potential protoplanets around both G- and M-dwarf stars. Our simulations suggest that LIFE will be able to detect (S/N $\\geq$ 7) hot protoplanets in young stellar associations up to distances of $\\approx$100 pc from the solar system for reasonable integration times (up to $\\sim$hours). Detection of an Earth-sized protoplanet orbiting a solar-sized host star at 1 AU requires less than 30 minutes of integration time. M-dwarfs generally need shorter integration times. The contribution from wavelength regions $\u003c$6 $μ$m is important for decreasing the detection threshold and discriminating emission temperatures.","source":"arXiv","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.EP","astro-ph.IM","physics.geo-ph"],"doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202450764","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.13457","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.13457","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2024-10-17T11:38:21Z","score":68},{"id":"ss_96b42bfd9f1e0babe231608a7113724e79aacd0e","title":"Martians in the favela: religion and revolution in Rio de Janeiro","authors":[{"name":"Mitchell Rom"}],"abstract":"Research on Marxism as a religious movement has primarily focused on its theological implications. Building on this work, this article instead examines the practical aspects of revolutionary Marxism as a religious experience during the Latin American Cold War, and compares it to two other non-Christian religious traditions, Judaism and Umbanda. Drawing on secret police records, memoirs and oral history interviews, this article explores the influence of Judaism, Marxism and Umbanda on the anti-dictatorship activism of Alfredo Syrkis. Through an analysis of Syrkis’s life history, it assesses his conversion from liberal anticommunism to revolutionary Marxism, his participation in Marxist proselytising as a high school activist and his political activity in the clandestine Marxist organisation Revolutionary Popular Vanguard (VPR), highlighting group dynamics that were comparable to millenarian movements. It also considers the importance of other religious traditions in Syrkis’s life, including Judaism, the religion of his parents that equipped him with valuable social ties, and Umbanda, a syncretic Afro-Brazilian religion that Syrkis turned to during times of extreme anxiety in the armed struggle. This article argues that the religious traditions of Judaism, revolutionary Marxism and Umbanda influenced Syrkis’s political activism in both complementary and competing ways. While none of these traditions were able to command Syrkis’s undivided loyalty, collectively they informed the terms of his engagement with and disengagement from the Brazilian armed struggle against military rule. By analysing Syrkis’s life history through the lens of religion, this article broadens the study of cultures of militancy during Latin America’s Cold War.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.14324/111.444.ra.2023.v8.1.001","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/96b42bfd9f1e0babe231608a7113724e79aacd0e","pdf_url":"https://uclpress.scienceopen.com/document_file/9da2baa5-06f7-4b84-8de6-f8d48f0a482c/ScienceOpen/RA-8-1.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":3,"published_at":"","score":67.09},{"id":"ss_0a022022358565ab5f6eeedc1670d9e22a9c0ccb","title":"State and Religion in Indonesia (Implementation of Regulations on Places of Worship in Christianity)","authors":[{"name":"Bara Izzat Wiwah Handaru"}],"abstract":"In the academic sphere, the relationship between the state and religion is a significant topic of discussion. The separation of the state and religion can lead to the failure of citizens. Every religious activity must comply with state regulations. The importance of the house of worship is an essential teaching of every religion. Therefore, state intervention in religious life is necessary to ensure harmony in the state. This study used a qualitative descriptive method to provide an overview of Christian attitudes as citizens in the nation and state. There are three points that need to be applied in the life of diverse states. First, relevance is essential. A Christian must be relevant in the context of the Indonesian nation, actively participate in the state, and have practical political knowledge. Therefore, every Christian and church must comply with the regulations set by the Indonesian state. Second, engagement is crucial. In the incarnate ministry, there is an emphasis on engaging with people and living a Christ-like life. This model of ministry must apply to the church’s ministry and mission. It means every Christian must contextualize the state’s life without compromising on sin. Third, tolerance is significant. Christians must view differences as a gift from God in the nation and state. They should not force their teachings on others. They should prioritize religious moderation and make Christian values and the 1945 Constitution the basis of religious, state, and social life. Good citizens should have nothing to fear, and if they are not responsible to the state, then they are not responsible to God.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.34306/conferenceseries.v4i2.949","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0a022022358565ab5f6eeedc1670d9e22a9c0ccb","is_open_access":true,"citations":1,"published_at":"","score":67.03},{"id":"arxiv_2303.04727","title":"Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): IX. Assessing the Impact of Clouds on Atmospheric Retrievals at Mid-Infrared Wavelengths with a Venus-Twin Exoplanet","authors":[{"name":"B. S. Konrad"},{"name":"E. Alei"},{"name":"S. P. Quanz"},{"name":"P. Mollière"},{"name":"D. Angerhausen"},{"name":"J. J. Fortney"},{"name":"K. Hakim"},{"name":"S. Jordan"},{"name":"D. Kitzmann"},{"name":"S. Rugheimer"},{"name":"O. Shorttle"},{"name":"R. Wordsworth"},{"name":"the LIFE Collaboration"}],"abstract":"The Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE) initiative aims to develop a space based mid-infrared (MIR) nulling interferometer to measure the thermal emission spectra of temperate terrestrial exoplanets.   We investigate how well LIFE could characterize a cloudy Venus-twin exoplanet to: (1) test our retrieval routine on a realistic non-Earth-like MIR spectrum of a known planet, (2) investigate how clouds impact retrievals, (3) refine the LIFE requirements derived in previous Earth-centered studies.   We run retrievals for simulated LIFE observations of a Venus-twin exoplanet orbiting a Sun-like star located 10 pc from the observer. By assuming different models (cloudy and cloud-free) we analyze the performance as a function of the quality of the LIFE observation. This allows us to determine how well atmosphere and clouds are characterizable depending on the quality of the spectrum.   Our study shows that the current minimal resolution ($R=50$) and signal-to-noise ($S/N=10$ at $11.2μ$m) requirements for LIFE suffice to characterize the structure and composition of a Venus-like atmosphere above the cloud deck if an adequate model is chosen. However, we cannot infer cloud properties. The accuracy of the retrieved planet radius ($R_{pl}$), equilibrium temperature ($T_{eq}$), and Bond albedo ($A_B$) depend on the choice of model. Generally, a cloud-free model performs best and thus the presence of clouds cannot be inferred. This model dependence of retrieval results emphasizes the importance of developing a community-wide best-practice for atmospheric retrieval studies. If we consider higher quality spectra (especially $S/N=20$), we can infer the presence of clouds and pose first constraints on their structure.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.EP","astro-ph.IM"],"doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202245655","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.04727","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.04727","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-03-08T17:15:09Z","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2308.01478","title":"Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): XI. Phase-space synthesis decomposition for planet detection and characterization","authors":[{"name":"Taro Matsuo"},{"name":"Felix Dannert"},{"name":"Romain Laugier"},{"name":"Sascha P. Quanz"},{"name":"Andjelka B. Kovacevic"},{"name":"LIFE collaboration"}],"abstract":"A mid-infrared nulling-space interferometer is a promising way to characterize thermal light from habitable planet candidates around Sun-like stars. However, one of the main challenges for achieving this ambitious goal is a high-precision stability of the optical path difference (OPD) and amplitude over a few days for planet detection and up to a few weeks for in-depth characterization. Here we propose a new method called phase-space synthesis decomposition (PSSD) to shorten the stability requirement to minutes, significantly relaxing the technological challenges of the mission. Focusing on what exactly modulates the planet signal in the presence of the stellar leak and systematic error, PSSD prioritizes the modulation of the signals along the wavelength domain rather than baseline rotation. Modulation along the wavelength domain allows us to extract source positions in parallel to the baseline vector for each exposure. The sum of the one-dimensional data converts into two-dimensional information. Based on the reconstructed image, we construct a continuous equation and extract the spectra through the singular value decomposition (SVD) while efficiently separating them from a long-term systematic stellar leak. We performed numerical simulations to investigate the feasibility of PSSD for the LIFE mission concept. We confirm that multiple terrestrial planets in the habitable zone around a Sun-like star at 10 pc can be detected and characterized despite high levels and long durations of systematic noise. We also find that PSSD is more robust against a sparse sampling of the array rotation compared to purely rotation-based signal extraction. Using PSSD as signal extraction method significantly relaxes the technical requirements on signal stability and further increases the feasibility of the LIFE mission.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.IM","astro-ph.EP"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01478","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.01478","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-08-03T00:07:59Z","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2308.09646","title":"Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE). X. Detectability of currently known exoplanets and synergies with future IR/O/UV reflected-starlight imaging missions","authors":[{"name":"Óscar Carrión-González"},{"name":"Jens Kammerer"},{"name":"Daniel Angerhausen"},{"name":"Felix Dannert"},{"name":"Antonio García Muñoz"},{"name":"Sascha P. Quanz"},{"name":"Olivier Absil"},{"name":"Charles A. Beichman"},{"name":"Julien H. Girard"},{"name":"Bertrand Mennesson"},{"name":"Michael R. Meyer"},{"name":"Karl R. Stapelfeldt"},{"name":"The LIFE Collaboration"}],"abstract":"The next generation of space-based observatories will characterize the atmospheres of low-mass, temperate exoplanets with the direct-imaging technique. This will be a major step forward in our understanding of exoplanet diversity and the prevalence of potentially habitable conditions beyond the Earth. We compute a list of currently known exoplanets detectable with the mid-infrared Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE) in thermal emission. We also compute the list of known exoplanets accessible to a notional design of the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO), observing in reflected starlight. With a pre-existing method, we processed the NASA Exoplanet Archive and computed orbital realizations for each known exoplanet. We derived their mass, radius, equilibrium temperature, and planet-star angular separation. We used the LIFEsim simulator to compute the integration time ($t_{int}$) required to detect each planet with LIFE. A planet is considered detectable if a broadband signal-to-noise ratio $S/N$=7 is achieved over the spectral range $4-18.5μ$m in $t_{int}\\leq$100 hours. We tested whether the planet is accessible to HWO in reflected starlight based on its notional inner and outer working angles, and minimum planet-to-star contrast. LIFE's reference configuration (four 2-m telescopes with 5% throughput and a nulling baseline between 10-100 m) can detect 212 known planets within 20 pc. Of these, 55 are also accessible to HWO in reflected starlight, offering a unique opportunity for synergies in atmospheric characterization. LIFE can also detect 32 known transiting exoplanets. Furthermore, 38 LIFE-detectable planets orbit in the habitable zone, of which 13 with $M_p\u003c5M_\\oplus$ and 8 with $5M_\\oplus\u003cM_p\u003c10M_\\oplus$. LIFE already has enough targets to perform ground-breaking analyses of low-mass, habitable-zone exoplanets, a fraction of which will also be accessible to other instruments.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.EP","astro-ph.IM"],"doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202347027","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.09646","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.09646","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-08-18T16:06:41Z","score":67},{"id":"ss_97a60eb085f631ecd24e20504e558f2d089d5874","title":"Exploring religious/spiritual pathways between practical wisdom and depression: Testing the importance of the divine relationship in later life","authors":[{"name":"Laura Upenieks"},{"name":"Neal M. Krause"}],"abstract":"ABSTRACT The last several decades have witnessed the topic of wisdom gaining momentum in the field of positive psychology. In this study, we focus on the potentially important role of religion/spirituality, specifically beliefs about God, as a mediating mechanism underlying the relationship between practical wisdom and depression among older adults. Drawing on a nationally representative sample of older adults from the 2013 wave of the Religion, Aging, and Health Survey (n = 1,497), our results show that practical wisdom is associated with lower depressive symptoms. We also document that three God-related constructs, God-mediated control, trust in God, and gratitude towards God each partially explained the relationship between wisdom and well-being. Taken together, Christian conceptions of God as a personal, divine being, the ultimate attachment figure who is an unconditional source of love and support for believers, may be a target of older adults who have cultivated practical wisdom.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1080/15528030.2023.2206676","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/97a60eb085f631ecd24e20504e558f2d089d5874","pdf_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10312114","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"ss_8cfb49e8d8056bdb481005292a1f7f22a1ea49ef","title":"The same content in two different languages? Hegel's conception of religion and philosophy and its critique by D.F. Strauss","authors":[{"name":"Nadine Mooren"}],"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this paper is to contribute to debate on Hegel's conception of the relationship between religion and philosophy by proposing that it can be a read as a division of labour between Christian religion and speculative philosophy. This reading allows us to understand better Hegel's idea that religion and philosophy have the same content in two different forms. I distinguish between the institutional and the intrapersonal dimensions of Hegel's claim of a division of labour between religion and philosophy. I then turn to a critique of Hegel's philosophy of religion by showing how David Friedrich Strauss's concluding dissertation from The Life of Jesus, Critically Examined can call our attention to some internal tensions within Hegel's conception. Although Strauss's interpretation does not present an insurmountable objection against Hegel's conception of a division of labour, it can help to illuminate to what extent Hegel oversimplified the practical implications that his conception might have for the priest's attempt to continue his instruction to the members of his community.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.1017/hgl.2023.22","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8cfb49e8d8056bdb481005292a1f7f22a1ea49ef","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"ss_3b093f968f681b261c181ef6c796424166c30408","title":"Religiosity and Quality of Life in Older Christian Women in Ireland: A Mixed Methods Analysis","authors":[{"name":"J. Orr"},{"name":"R. Kenny"},{"name":"C. McGarrigle"}],"abstract":"This study used a mixed methods approach to understand the ways in which religion and quality of life (QoL) are associated in later life in Ireland. Longitudinal quantitative data from 2112 Christian women aged 57 and over at baseline (2009–10) participating in the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), as well as qualitative data from semi-structured interviews from 11 Christian women aged 65 and over in 2018, were used. The quantitative data showed an association between lower religiosity and lower QoL. Qualitative data supported an effect of religious involvement on QoL although certain aspects of being religious in Ireland were accompanied by distress. The data suggested that the relationship between religious attendance and higher QoL could be driven by multifactorial pathways, including psychological, social, and practical benefits.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1007/s10943-022-01519-3","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3b093f968f681b261c181ef6c796424166c30408","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10943-022-01519-3.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":6,"published_at":"","score":66.18},{"id":"arxiv_2201.04891","title":"Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): IV. Ideal kernel-nulling array architectures for a space-based mid-infrared nulling interferometer","authors":[{"name":"Jonah T. Hansen"},{"name":"Michael J. Ireland"},{"name":"the LIFE Collaboration"}],"abstract":"Aims: Optical interferometry from space for the purpose of detecting and characterising exoplanets is seeing a revival, specifically from missions such as the proposed Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE). A default assumption since the design studies of Darwin and TPF-I has been that the Emma X-array configuration is the optimal architecture for this goal. Here, we examine whether new advances in the field of nulling interferometry, such as the concept of kernel nulling, challenge this assumption.   Methods: We develop a tool designed to derive the photon-limited signal to noise ratio of a large sample of simulated planets for different architecture configurations and beam combination schemes. We simulate four basic configurations: the double Bracewell/X-array, and kernel nullers with three, four and five telescopes respectively.   Results: We find that a configuration of five telescopes in a pentagonal shape, using a five aperture kernel nulling scheme, outperforms the X-array design in both search (finding more planets) and characterisation (obtaining better signal, faster) when total collecting area is conserved. This is especially the case when trying to detect Earth twins (temperate, rocky planets in the habitable zone), showing a 23% yield increase over the X-array. On average, we find that a five telescope design receives 1.2 times the signal over the X-array design.   Conclusions: With the results of this simulation, we conclude that the Emma X-array configuration may not be the best architecture choice for the upcoming LIFE mission, and that a five telescope design utilising kernel nulling concepts will likely provide better scientific return for the same collecting area, provided that technical solutions for the required achromatic phase shifts can be implemented.","source":"arXiv","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.IM"],"doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202243107","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.04891","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.04891","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2022-01-13T11:22:35Z","score":66},{"id":"arxiv_2204.10041","title":"Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): V. Diagnostic potential of a mid-infrared space-interferometer for studying Earth analogs","authors":[{"name":"Eleonora Alei"},{"name":"Björn S. Konrad"},{"name":"Daniel Angerhausen"},{"name":"John Lee Grenfell"},{"name":"Paul Mollière"},{"name":"Sascha P. Quanz"},{"name":"Sarah Rugheimer"},{"name":"Fabian Wunderlich"},{"name":"the LIFE collaboration"}],"abstract":"An important future goal in exoplanetology is to detect and characterize potentially habitable planets. Using nulling interferometry, LIFE will allow us to constrain the radius and effective temperature of (terrestrial) exoplanets, as well as provide unique information about their atmospheric structure and composition. We explore the potential of LIFE in characterizing emission spectra of Earth at various stages of its evolution. We perform Bayesian retrievals on simulated spectra of 8 different scenarios, which correspond to cloud-free and cloudy spectra of four different epochs of the evolution of the Earth. Assuming a distance of 10 pc and a Sun-like host star, we simulate observations obtained with LIFE using its simulator LIFEsim, considering all major astrophysical noise sources. With the nominal spectral resolution (R=50) and signal-to-noise ratio (assumed to be S/N=10 at 11.2 $μ$m), we can identify the main spectral features of all the analyzed scenarios (most notably CO$_2$, H$_2$O, O$_3$, CH$_4$). This allows us to distinguish between inhabited and lifeless scenarios. Results suggest that particularly O$_3$ and CH$_4$ yield an improved abundance estimate by doubling the S/N from 10 to 20. We conclude that the baseline requirements for R and S/N are sufficient for LIFE to detect O$_3$ and CH$_4$ in the atmosphere of an Earth-like planet with an abundance of O$_2$ of around 2% in volume mixing ratio. This information is relevant in terms of the LIFE mission planning. We also conclude that cloud-free retrievals of cloudy planets can be used to characterize the atmospheric composition of terrestrial habitable planets, but not the thermal structure of the atmosphere. From the inter-model comparison performed, we deduce that differences in the opacity tables (caused by e.g. a different line wing treatment) may be an important source of systematic errors.","source":"arXiv","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.EP","astro-ph.IM"],"doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202243760","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.10041","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.10041","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2022-04-21T11:56:37Z","score":66},{"id":"arxiv_2209.15403","title":"Atmospheric retrievals for LIFE and other future space missions: the importance of mitigating systematic effects","authors":[{"name":"Eleonora Alei"},{"name":"Björn S. Konrad"},{"name":"Paul Mollière"},{"name":"Sascha P. Quanz"},{"name":"Daniel Angerhausen"},{"name":"Mohanakrishna Ranganathan"},{"name":"the LIFE collaboration"}],"abstract":"Atmospheric retrieval studies are essential to determine the science requirements for future generation missions, such as the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE). The use of heterogeneous absorption cross-sections might be the cause of systematic effects in retrievals, which could bias a correct characterization of the atmosphere. In this contribution we quantified the impact of differences in line list provenance, broadening coefficients, and line wing cut-offs in the retrieval of an Earth twin exoplanet orbiting a Sun-like star at 10 pc from the observer, as it would be observed with LIFE. We ran four different retrievals on the same input spectrum, by varying the opacity tables that the Bayesian retrieval framework was allowed to use. We found that the systematics introduced by the opacity tables could bias the correct estimation of the atmospheric pressure at the surface level, as well as an accurate retrieval of the abundance of some species in the atmosphere (such as CO$_2$ and N$_2$O). We argue that differences in the line wing cut-off might be the major source of errors. We highlight the need for more laboratory and modeling efforts, as well as inter-model comparisons of the main radiative transfer models and Bayesian retrieval frameworks. This is especially relevant in the context of LIFE and future generation missions, to identify issues and critical points for the community to jointly work together to prepare for the analysis of the upcoming observations.","source":"arXiv","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.EP","astro-ph.IM"],"doi":"10.1117/12.2631692","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.15403","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.15403","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2022-09-30T12:02:29Z","score":66}],"total":11502,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["DOAJ","arXiv","Semantic Scholar"],"query":"Practical religion. The Christian life"}