{"results":[{"id":"ss_cbad715ec2e0cca4ff74d0751f3f0424535a7cca","title":"PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION","authors":[{"name":"як В. Андреєв"},{"name":"Д. Богоявленська"},{"name":"Наталья Анатольевна Вишнякова"},{"name":"А.В. Деркач"},{"name":"Ю. Орлов"},{"name":"Д. Чернілевський"},{"name":"Віталій Зінченко"},{"name":"В. Кан-Калика"},{"name":"Б. Мастєрова"},{"name":"Н. Нікітіної"},{"name":"М. Поташника"},{"name":"С. Сисоєвої"},{"name":"В. Сластьоніна"}],"abstract":"Philosophy of education is a branch of philosophy that determines the nature and purpose of education through thought and reasoning. It is a practical or practical concept that deals with the conditions and goals of education and the philosophical problems arising from educational theory and practice. Since this practice has many aspects in human life, its social and personal manifestations are diverse and its impact on the current situation touches on many issues such as the general context, ethics, culture and ethics, epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy and other areas of thought","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.1111/1468-0149.t01-1-00094","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/cbad715ec2e0cca4ff74d0751f3f0424535a7cca","is_open_access":true,"citations":695,"published_at":"","score":89.85},{"id":"ss_8f36737ef96200d4ee1028b601dbfd688a9d226d","title":"Crystallographic Computing System JANA2006: General features","authors":[{"name":"V. Petříček"},{"name":"M. Dušek"},{"name":"L. Palatinus"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2014,"language":"en","subjects":["Physics"],"doi":"10.1515/zkri-2014-1737","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8f36737ef96200d4ee1028b601dbfd688a9d226d","is_open_access":true,"citations":4152,"published_at":"","score":88},{"id":"ss_ab8169d6e4dfabfe7c30ebec1bb871bf3e1551cd","title":"GAIA: a benchmark for General AI Assistants","authors":[{"name":"G. Mialon"},{"name":"Clémentine Fourrier"},{"name":"Craig Swift"},{"name":"Thomas Wolf"},{"name":"Yann LeCun"},{"name":"Thomas Scialom"}],"abstract":"We introduce GAIA, a benchmark for General AI Assistants that, if solved, would represent a milestone in AI research. GAIA proposes real-world questions that require a set of fundamental abilities such as reasoning, multi-modality handling, web browsing, and generally tool-use proficiency. GAIA questions are conceptually simple for humans yet challenging for most advanced AIs: we show that human respondents obtain 92\\% vs. 15\\% for GPT-4 equipped with plugins. This notable performance disparity contrasts with the recent trend of LLMs outperforming humans on tasks requiring professional skills in e.g. law or chemistry. GAIA's philosophy departs from the current trend in AI benchmarks suggesting to target tasks that are ever more difficult for humans. We posit that the advent of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) hinges on a system's capability to exhibit similar robustness as the average human does on such questions. Using GAIA's methodology, we devise 466 questions and their answer. We release our questions while retaining answers to 300 of them to power a leader-board available at https://huggingface.co/gaia-benchmark.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Computer Science"],"doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2311.12983","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ab8169d6e4dfabfe7c30ebec1bb871bf3e1551cd","is_open_access":true,"citations":638,"published_at":"","score":86.14},{"id":"ss_5e806cda723bc1d4053661fb59ffbd76193cb9d0","title":"The philosophy of scientific experimentation: a review","authors":[{"name":"H. Radder"}],"abstract":"Practicing and studying automated experimentation may benefit from philosophical reflection on experimental science in general. This paper reviews the relevant literature and discusses central issues in the philosophy of scientific experimentation. The first two sections present brief accounts of the rise of experimental science and of its philosophical study. The next sections discuss three central issues of scientific experimentation: the scientific and philosophical significance of intervention and production, the relationship between experimental science and technology, and the interactions between experimental and theoretical work. The concluding section identifies three issues for further research: the role of computing and, more specifically, automating, in experimental research, the nature of experimentation in the social and human sciences, and the significance of normative, including ethical, problems in experimental science.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2009,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine","Computer Science"],"doi":"10.1186/1759-4499-1-2","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5e806cda723bc1d4053661fb59ffbd76193cb9d0","pdf_url":"https://aejournal.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1759-4499-1-2","is_open_access":true,"citations":7617,"published_at":"","score":83},{"id":"ss_d5654bc484fc08301fbc7e2710e40a2d6266367e","title":"CHARMM general force field: A force field for drug‐like molecules compatible with the CHARMM all‐atom additive biological force fields","authors":[{"name":"K. Vanommeslaeghe"},{"name":"Elizabeth Hatcher"},{"name":"Chayan Acharya"},{"name":"Sibsankar Kundu"},{"name":"Shijun Zhong"},{"name":"Jihyun Shim"},{"name":"E. Darian"},{"name":"Olgun Guvench"},{"name":"Pedro E. M. Lopes"},{"name":"I. Vorobyov"},{"name":"Alexander D. MacKerell"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2009,"language":"en","subjects":["Chemistry","Medicine","Computer Science"],"doi":"10.1002/jcc.21367","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d5654bc484fc08301fbc7e2710e40a2d6266367e","pdf_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2888302?pdf=render","is_open_access":true,"citations":6420,"published_at":"","score":83},{"id":"ss_de39028ea1122d09649a42b12e04c8f349ebe8a6","title":"Autopoiesis and Cognition : The Realization of the Living (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Scie","authors":[{"name":"H. Maturana"},{"name":"F. Varela"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":1980,"language":"en","subjects":["Psychology"],"url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/de39028ea1122d09649a42b12e04c8f349ebe8a6","is_open_access":true,"citations":5113,"published_at":"","score":80},{"id":"ss_c326b0c9529200d7afb9c2e01b1209c355e55b09","title":"Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: a dynamic reference work","authors":[{"name":"C. Allen"},{"name":"Uri Nodelman"},{"name":"E. Zalta"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2003,"language":"en","subjects":["Computer Science"],"doi":"10.1145/544220.544327","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c326b0c9529200d7afb9c2e01b1209c355e55b09","pdf_url":"http://summit.sfu.ca/system/files/iritems1/479/id%3D219.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":5114,"published_at":"","score":80},{"id":"doaj_https://doi.org/10.57027/eikasia.134.1286","title":"Epistemic artifacts and changing patterns of observation","authors":[{"name":"Heriberto Ramírez Luján"}],"abstract":"This paper explores how epistemic artifacts have transformed our understanding of scientific observation. It examines the historical evolution from basic instruments such as Mayan quadrants and Galileo’s telescope to today’s sophisticated electron microscopes. The study focuses on how these devices have reshaped the traditional concept of observation in the philosophy of science, particularly within the field of nanotechnology. Against the backdrop of historical figures such as Descartes, Hooke, Newton, and Leeuwenhoek, it highlights how each contributed to the development of the «microscopic artifactual tradition». The paper introduces the concept of nanoepistemology to describe how knowledge of the nano-world fundamentally depends on instrument-processed images rather than traditional direct observation. It concludes that these technological transformations have weakened the role of classical theories and have shifted the philosophy of science toward a philosophy of technology.","source":"DOAJ","year":2026,"language":"","subjects":["Philosophy (General)"],"doi":"https://doi.org/10.57027/eikasia.134.1286","url":"https://www.revistadefilosofia.org/index.php/ERF/article/view/1286","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":70},{"id":"doaj_10.24158/fik.2026.2.28","title":"Флорентийская мозаика в современной исламской архитектуре ХХI в.  (на примере мечети шейха Заеда  и президентского дворца Каср Аль-Ваттан в Абу-Даби)","authors":[{"name":"Сивкова Мария Юрьевна"},{"name":"Сенкевич Даниил Алексеевич"}],"abstract":"Флорентийская мозаика в силу высокой стоимости изготовления и трудоемкости исполнения менее распространена в монументальном искусстве по сравнению с другими техниками. Ее эстетические свойства позволяют решать очень разнообразные задачи: от монументального оформления станций метро до применения в храмовой архитектуре. В конце ХХ – начале ХХI вв. активное строительство культовых сооружений в Объединенных Арабских Эмиратах с участием художников, дизайнеров и архитекторов из Европы, Японии, США ознаменовало новый виток развития мозаичного искусства – создание крупных ансамблей объектов арабо-мусульманской архитектуры. Новаторский подход в плане композиционных решений рассматривается на примере мечети шейха Заеда, традиционный – президентского дворца Каср Аль-Ваттан. Выявлено, что флорентийская мозаика не только выполняет декоративную функцию, но и имеет идеологическое значение, поскольку в композициях, созданных в этой технике, флоральные и орнаментальные мотивы глубоко символичны и часто несут сакральный смысл. Заключается, что применение данной дорогостоящей техники в исламской архитектуре стало средством подчеркнуть статус Объединенных Арабских Эмиратов в исламском мире, а также подчеркнуть открытость страны для культурного диалога.","source":"DOAJ","year":2026,"language":"","subjects":["Philosophy (General)","History (General)"],"doi":"10.24158/fik.2026.2.28","url":"https://dom-hors.ru/nauchniy-zhurnal-obschestvo-filosofiya-istoriya-kultura/2026/2/28","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":70},{"id":"doaj_10.3998/ergo.8584","title":"Paths to Diversity: A Simulation of Conformity in Environments with Different Geometries","authors":[{"name":"Matteo Colombo"},{"name":"Michael Cohen"}],"abstract":"The geometry of the environment can affect numerous psychological, social, and ecological processes. But its roles in social learning and the dynamics of descriptive norms remain unclear. Here we use agent-based modeling to explore how environments with different geometric shapes can influence social learning to produce variations in the extent of universally shared descriptive norms. Our simulations show that an environment with an irregular layout facilitates the emergence of multiple descriptive norms in a population, whereas an environment with a regular grid plan constrains social learning to produce a behaviorally homogeneous population.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Philosophy (General)"],"doi":"10.3998/ergo.8584","url":"https://journals.publishing.umich.edu/ergo/article/8584/galley/5446/download/","pdf_url":"https://journals.publishing.umich.edu/ergo/article/8584/galley/5446/download/","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.18778/2300-1690.29.12","title":"Zbliżenia. O niewidzialnych więziach społecznych między żywymi a umarłymi","authors":[{"name":"Magdalena Anita Gajewska"}],"abstract":"","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Philosophy. Psychology. Religion","Sociology (General)"],"doi":"10.18778/2300-1690.29.12","url":"https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/ws/article/view/28376","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"arxiv_2508.01616","title":"The Philosophy and Physics of Duality","authors":[{"name":"Sebastian De Haro"},{"name":"Jeremy Butterfield"}],"abstract":"This monograph discusses dualities in physics: what dualities are, their main examples--from quantum mechanics and electrodynamics to statistical mechanics, quantum field theory and string theory--and the philosophical questions they raise. Part I first conceptualises dualities and discusses their main roles and themes, including how they are related to familiar notions like symmetry and interpretation. It also discusses the main simple examples of dualities: position-momentum, wave-particle, electric-magnetic, and Kramers-Wannier dualities. Part II discusses advanced examples and their inter-relations: particle-soliton dualities, electric-magnetic dualities in quantum field theories, dualities in string theory, and gauge-gravity duality. This Part ends with discussions of the hole argument, and how string theory counts the microstates of a black hole. Part III is an in-depth discussion of general philosophical issues on which dualities bear: theoretical equivalence (two theories 'saying the same thing, in different words'), scientific realism and the under-determination of theories by data, theory succession and the M-theory programme, explanation, and scientific understanding. It proposes a view of scientific theories that it dubs 'the geometric view of theories'. The book's treatment of the examples is at the advanced undergraduate and graduate level, starting from elementary and progressing to more advanced examples. The discussions of philosophical topics, such as referential semantics, theoretical equivalence, scientific realism and scientific understanding, are both self-contained and in-depth. Thus the book is aimed at students and researchers with an interest in the physical examples and philosophical questions about dualities, and also in how physics and philosophy can fruitfully interact with each other.","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.hist-ph","cond-mat.stat-mech","gr-qc","hep-th"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01616","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.01616","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-08-03T06:25:17Z","score":69},{"id":"arxiv_2506.14239","title":"Causes in neuron diagrams, and testing causal reasoning in Large Language Models. A glimpse of the future of philosophy?","authors":[{"name":"Louis Vervoort"},{"name":"Vitaly Nikolaev"}],"abstract":"We propose a test for abstract causal reasoning in AI, based on scholarship in the philosophy of causation, in particular on the neuron diagrams popularized by D. Lewis. We illustrate the test on advanced Large Language Models (ChatGPT, DeepSeek and Gemini). Remarkably, these chatbots are already capable of correctly identifying causes in cases that are hotly debated in the literature. In order to assess the results of these LLMs and future dedicated AI, we propose a definition of cause in neuron diagrams with a wider validity than published hitherto, which challenges the widespread view that such a definition is elusive. We submit that these results are an illustration of how future philosophical research might evolve: as an interplay between human and artificial expertise.","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14239","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.14239","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-06-17T06:55:54Z","score":69},{"id":"arxiv_2505.09622","title":"Towards an Account of Complementarities and Context-Dependence","authors":[{"name":"Hong Joo Ryoo"}],"abstract":"Modern physics proposals present deep tensions between seemingly contradictory descriptions of reality. Views of wave-particle duality, black hole complementarity, and the Unruh effect demand explanations that shift depending on how a system is observed. However, traditional models of scientific explanation impose a fixed structure that fails to account for varying observational contexts. This paper introduces context-dependent mapping, a framework that reorganizes physical laws into self-consistent subsets structured around what can actually be observed in a given context. By doing so, it provides a principled way to integrate complementarity into the philosophy of explanation.","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.hist-ph","quant-ph"],"doi":"10.33043/YMCGR3hB","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.09622","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.09622","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-04-16T05:20:37Z","score":69},{"id":"arxiv_2401.16506","title":"The physicists philosophy of physics","authors":[{"name":"P. J. E. Peebles"}],"abstract":"I argue that research in physics operates under an implicit community philosophy, and I offer a definition I think physicists would accept, by and large. I compare this definition to what philosophers, sociologists, and historians of science, with physicists, say we are doing.","source":"arXiv","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.hist-ph","astro-ph.CO"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.16506","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.16506","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2024-01-29T19:24:38Z","score":68},{"id":"doaj_Contribuciones+sociol%C3%B3gicas+de+Durkheim+y+Bernstein+sobre+la+diversidad+sociocultural+en+la+escuela","title":"Contribuciones sociológicas de Durkheim y Bernstein sobre la diversidad sociocultural en la escuela","authors":[{"name":"Juan Antonio Carrasco-Bahamonde"}],"abstract":"\nExiste consenso en torno a que la disciplina sociológica brindó un marco para comprender las relaciones\nentre los sistemas educativos y los contextos sociales más amplios en que se emplazan. No obstante, los retratos\nque ha esbozado aquella tradición en torno a la escuela, adquieren significados contrastantes. Las perspectivas que explora este articulo surgen como una respuesta a la obsolescencia de los modelos determinísticos del cambio educativo y su dificultad para explicar aquellos procesos de cambio que tienen lugar en la escuela. El\npresente artículo ofrece una reflexión teórica en torno a la cuestión de la diversidad sociocultural, a partir de la\ndistinción entre los órdenes instrumental y expresivo en la escuela, delimitando la diversidad como un ámbito problemático y brindando herramientas conceptuales a partir de las aportaciones de Durkheim y Bernstein. El abordaje propuesto está anclado a la distinción entre los modelos de relaciones integrativas basadas en la\nsolidaridad orgánica y mecánica, presentando un esfuerzo sistemático de teorización en torno al ámbito\nde prácticas educativas. Finalmente, se concluye que las políticas educativas se enfrentan a un dilema entre\nla exigencia de rendimientos especializados y un conjunto de competencias, valores y creencias basales en el\ncontexto de sociedades que se complejizan y diversifican aceleradamente y aspiran a una coexistencia entre las\ndinámicas de cambio tecnológico y profundización democrática.\n","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Education (General)","Philosophy (General)"],"url":"https://revistas.ups.edu.ec/index.php/sophia/article/view/6421","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_Acts+of+thought","title":"Acts of thought","authors":[{"name":"Phillip Cam"}],"abstract":"While the Community of Inquiry centres on a form of discussion that is meant to improve the ability of students to think, only a fraction of the thinking that occurs in a discussion makes its appearance in speech. We therefore need to consider students’ mental acts in addition to their speech acts to understand how the Community of Inquiry is meant to function. This paper explores the connections between speech acts and mental acts in the Community of Inquiry and the broader classifications of these acts of thought. It also considers the role of teacherly interventions in promoting appropriate acts of thought and the ways in which teachers can improve students’ metacognitive awareness of them.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Education (General)","Philosophy (General)"],"url":"https://account.jps.bham.ac.uk/index.php/up-j-jps/article/view/197","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2304.02463","title":"The Next Generation Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration: History, Philosophy, and Culture","authors":[{"name":"Peter Galison"},{"name":"Juliusz Doboszewski"},{"name":"Jamee Elder"},{"name":"Niels C. M. Martens"},{"name":"Abhay Ashtekar"},{"name":"Jonas Enander"},{"name":"Marie Gueguen"},{"name":"Elizabeth A. Kessler"},{"name":"Roberto Lalli"},{"name":"Martin Lesourd"},{"name":"Alexandru Marcoci"},{"name":"Sebastián Murgueitio Ramírez"},{"name":"Priyamvada Natarajan"},{"name":"James Nguyen"},{"name":"Luis Reyes-Galindo"},{"name":"Sophie Ritson"},{"name":"Mike D. Schneider"},{"name":"Emilie Skulberg"},{"name":"Helene Sorgner"},{"name":"Matthew Stanley"},{"name":"Ann C. Thresher"},{"name":"Jeroen Van Dongen"},{"name":"James Owen Weatherall"},{"name":"Jingyi Wu"},{"name":"Adrian Wüthrich"}],"abstract":"This white paper outlines the plans of the History Philosophy Culture Working Group of the Next Generation Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.hist-ph","astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.IM","gr-qc"],"doi":"10.3390/galaxies11010032","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.02463","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.02463","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-04-05T14:41:27Z","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.18500/1819-7671-2022-22-3-339-344","title":"Model of cultivating patriotism in adolescents and \"generation Z\" youth using the resource of juvenile media","authors":[{"name":"Kosolapova, Larisa Alexandrovna"},{"name":"Myasnikova, Diana Igorevna"}],"abstract":"Introduction. The conducted research is aimed at identifying the methodological foundations, content, methods and mechanisms for organizing the patriotic education in adolescents and \"Z generation\" youth. The article defines the essential characteristics of the education processes and creation of juvenile media, and substantiates the possibility and potential of integrating these processes. Theoretical analysis. The scientific novelty lies in the development and theoretical justification of the Model of organizing the patriotic education in the “Generation Z” youth with the involvement of the juvnile media resource, which includes methodological, target-oriented, activity and result blocks, and which is based on a combination of humanistic, personal, activity, and integrative approaches to the process of educating adolescents, allowing to ensure the integrity and functionality of the Model. The mechanism of education is the pedagogical support of the value-semantic self-determination of a young person at each stage of a young media journalist work on media material. In the process of creating media material, a chain of upbringing methods is used (according to Z. I. Vasilyeva): goal-setting – informational and educational – evaluative. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the possibility of using the potential of juvenile media in the process of patriotic education in generation Z teenagers is substantiated: the purpose, the main mechanism, the content and methods of the upbringing process, the structure and indicators of the result of the patriotic upbringing of adolescents and the \"Generation Z\" youth with the involvement of the juvenile media resource.","source":"DOAJ","year":2022,"language":"","subjects":["Philosophy (General)"],"doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2022-22-3-339-344","url":"https://phpp.sgu.ru/sites/phpp.sgu.ru/files/2022/09/filosofiya_2022_3_339-344.pdf","pdf_url":"https://phpp.sgu.ru/sites/phpp.sgu.ru/files/2022/09/filosofiya_2022_3_339-344.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":66},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/philosophies7010019","title":"Voice Syncretism Crosslinguistically: The View from Minimalism","authors":[{"name":"Despina Oikonomou"},{"name":"Artemis Alexiadou"}],"abstract":"Voice syncretism is widely attested crosslinguistically. In this paper, we discuss three different types of Voice syncretism, under which the same morpheme participates in different configurations. We provide an approach under which the same Voice head can convey different interpretations depending on the environment it appears in, thus building on the notion of allosemy. We show that, in all cases under investigation, allosemy is closely associated with the existence of idiosyncratic patterns. By contrast, we notice that allosemy and idiosyncrasy are not present in analytic passive and causative constructions across different languages. We argue that the distinguishing feature between the two types of constructions is whether the passive and the causative interpretation comes from the Voice head, thus forming a single domain with the vP or whether passive and causative semantics are realized by distinct heads above the Voice layer, thus forming two distinct domains.","source":"DOAJ","year":2022,"language":"","subjects":["Logic","Philosophy (General)"],"doi":"10.3390/philosophies7010019","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2409-9287/7/1/19","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":66}],"total":9402879,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["DOAJ","arXiv","Semantic Scholar","CrossRef"],"query":"Philosophy (General)"}