{"results":[{"id":"ss_8828a5043ecb20dfee22b8eb5b6e151ff8aef591","title":"Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology","authors":[{"name":"A. Philpotts"},{"name":"J. Ague"}],"abstract":"Building upon the award-winning second edition, this comprehensive textbook provides a fundamental understanding of the formative processes of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Encouraging a deeper comprehension of the subject by explaining the petrologic principles, and assuming knowledge of only introductory college-level courses in physics, chemistry, and calculus, it lucidly outlines mathematical derivations fully and at an elementary level, making this the ideal resource for intermediate and advanced courses in igneous and metamorphic petrology. With over 500 illustrations, many in color, this revised edition contains valuable new material and strengthened pedagogy, including boxed mathematical derivations allowing for a more accessible explanation of concepts, and more qualitative end-of-chapter questions to encourage discussion. With a new introductory chapter outlining the “bigger picture,” this fully updated resource will guide students to an even greater mastery of petrology.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":["Geology"],"doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511813429","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8828a5043ecb20dfee22b8eb5b6e151ff8aef591","is_open_access":true,"citations":782,"published_at":"","score":89.46000000000001},{"id":"ss_8295b13268c0fc756745dbc97b5fdba7d7c58a20","title":"Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks","authors":[{"name":"R. Folk"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":1974,"language":"en","subjects":["Geology"],"url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8295b13268c0fc756745dbc97b5fdba7d7c58a20","is_open_access":true,"citations":4480,"published_at":"","score":80},{"id":"ss_2df7f1ed16f3fde66876a242a8b1bcf210734a2c","title":"The Petrology of the Sedimentary Rocks","authors":[{"name":"G. Kocurek"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":1938,"language":"en","subjects":["Geology"],"doi":"10.1038/142234b0","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2df7f1ed16f3fde66876a242a8b1bcf210734a2c","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/142234b0.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":2535,"published_at":"","score":80},{"id":"ss_08cc9444ec89078a00b224709d14359ca43bed9f","title":"Sedimentary Petrology","authors":null,"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2021,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0_190328","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/08cc9444ec89078a00b224709d14359ca43bed9f","is_open_access":true,"citations":169,"published_at":"","score":70.07},{"id":"ss_fa158e57c3cd70d74b7a87ff064a8dd4d7478c8a","title":"An Introduction to Metamorphic Petrology","authors":[{"name":"B. Yardley"}],"abstract":"1. The concepts of metamorphism. 2. Chemical equilibrium in metamorphism. 3. Metamorphism of pelitic rocks. 4. Metamorphisms of basic igneous rocks. 5. Metamorphism of marbles and calc-silicate rocks. 6. Metamorphic textures and processes. 7. The relationships between regional metamorphism and tectonic processes.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2019,"language":"en","subjects":["Geology"],"doi":"10.1017/9781108685047.013","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fa158e57c3cd70d74b7a87ff064a8dd4d7478c8a","is_open_access":true,"citations":227,"published_at":"","score":69.81},{"id":"ss_aa4183cb5fb1fdfcf65b718b8e88d9ba6a52562e","title":"An overview of the petrography and petrology of particles from aggregate sample from asteroid Bennu","authors":[{"name":"H. C. Connolly"},{"name":"D. Lauretta"},{"name":"T. McCoy"},{"name":"S. S. Russell"},{"name":"P. Haenecour"},{"name":"A. Polit"},{"name":"J. J. Barnes"},{"name":"T. Zega"},{"name":"H. Yurimoto"},{"name":"N. Kawasaki"},{"name":"K. Righter"},{"name":"G. Libourel"},{"name":"M. Portail"},{"name":"V. Guigoz"},{"name":"A. King"},{"name":"L. Keller"},{"name":"K. Thomas-Keprta"},{"name":"Loan Le"},{"name":"V. Tu"},{"name":"S. Eckley"},{"name":"C. Corrigan"},{"name":"T. Gooding"},{"name":"T. Rose"},{"name":"Rob Wardell"},{"name":"S. Ray"},{"name":"V. Hamilton"},{"name":"N. Lunning"},{"name":"Christopher Snead"},{"name":"F. McCubbin"},{"name":"M. S. Thompson"},{"name":"Rhian H. Jones"},{"name":"K. Domanik"},{"name":"Dolores Hill"},{"name":"Lucas. R. Smith"},{"name":"I. Ong"},{"name":"T. Salge"},{"name":"N. Almeida"},{"name":"C. Harrison"},{"name":"H. Bates"},{"name":"P. Schofield"},{"name":"I. Franchi"},{"name":"B. May"},{"name":"Claudia Manzoni"},{"name":"Andrew J. Ryan"},{"name":"R. Ballouz"},{"name":"R. Macke"},{"name":"J. Dworkin"},{"name":"C. Lorentson"},{"name":"Kimberly Tait"},{"name":"E. Jawin"},{"name":"H. Kaplan"},{"name":"D. DellaGuistina"},{"name":"K. Walsh"},{"name":"M. Moreau"},{"name":"H. Enos"},{"name":"C. Wolner"},{"name":"H. L. Roper"},{"name":"S. Tachibana"}],"abstract":"The OSIRIS‐REx mission returned a sample of regolith from the carbonaceous asteroid Bennu in September 2023. We present preliminary in situ investigations of the petrology and petrography of selected particles ranging in size from 0.5 to 3 mm. Using a combination of optical and electron beam techniques, we investigate whole specimens and polished sections belonging to morphologically and visually distinct categories of particles. We find that morphological differences in the particles are reflective of petrographic and petrologic differences, leading to the conclusion that we have at least two distinct major lithologies in the bulk sample. Our findings support predictions from remote sensing, suggesting that the morphological differences observed in the boulder population of Bennu correspond to petrologic differences. Our data provide insight into the geologic activity on Bennu's parent body and the petrographic framework needed to contextualize the detailed analyses of this pristine asteroidal material.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.1111/maps.14335","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/aa4183cb5fb1fdfcf65b718b8e88d9ba6a52562e","is_open_access":true,"citations":24,"published_at":"","score":69.72},{"id":"ss_ea23db8a45b3de2e3d76e1f1f0f178c0c74c51e7","title":"From static to dynamic provenance analysis—Sedimentary petrology upgraded","authors":[{"name":"E. Garzanti"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2016,"language":"en","subjects":["Geology"],"doi":"10.1016/J.SEDGEO.2015.07.010","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ea23db8a45b3de2e3d76e1f1f0f178c0c74c51e7","is_open_access":true,"citations":324,"published_at":"","score":69.72},{"id":"doaj_10.1007/s13202-025-02092-7","title":"Reconstructing anisotropic porous media from thin section images","authors":[{"name":"Ahmed Zoeir"},{"name":"Najme Talebi"},{"name":"Yousef Kazemzadeh"},{"name":"Jafar Qajar"},{"name":"Saeid Norouzi Apourvari"}],"abstract":"Abstract Parameters like sediment’s origin, transport distances or next influencing factors such as cementation or dissolution, cause almost all natural porous media to exhibit some degree of anisotropy. Using the X-ray CT scanning approach to provide a virtual environment for the calculation of such properties has its own issues, including its low resolution, which gives an incomplete description of internal structure, along with its relatively high costs. Porous media can be reconstructed with the help of statistical techniques from existing high-resolution thin section images. In this work, in this article, a micro-CT file available on the Imperial College website is first selected, which has been obtained from a disordered anisotropic sandstone core sample. specific statistical algorithms are applied to the top and side images of the core sample, which represent the input images for the Multiple-Point Statistics (MPS) technique. After that, to construct artificial anisotropic media models, Optimization algorithms are used to polarize the phase occurrence potentials in the principal directions, which are obtained from the two thin-section images. Results show that applying optimization algorithms to polarize occurrence potential functions can effectively develop artificial porous media that exhibit tensor properties closely matching those calculated from high-resolution micro-CT images of the actual sandstone core sample, such as permeability and thermal conductivity tensors.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Petroleum refining. Petroleum products","Petrology"],"doi":"10.1007/s13202-025-02092-7","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-025-02092-7","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"ss_89d4fc0df2221c11ca1c73e861ff415261811408","title":"Machine Learning in Petrology: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives","authors":[{"name":"Maurizio Petrelli"}],"abstract":"The present manuscript reports on the state-of-the-art and future perspectives of Machine Learning (ML) in petrology. To achieve this goal, it first introduces the basics of ML, including definitions, core concepts, and applications. Then, it starts reviewing the state-of-the-art of ML in petrology. Established applications mainly concern the so-called data-driven discovery and involve specific tasks like clustering, dimensionality reduction, classification, and regression. Among them, clustering and dimensionality reduction have been demonstrated to be valuable for decoding the chemical record stored in igneous and metamorphic phases and to enhance data visualization, respectively. Classification and regression tasks find applications, for example, in petrotectonic discrimination and geo-thermobarometry, respectively. The main core of the manuscript consists of depicting emerging trends and the future directions of ML in petrological investigations. I propose a future scenario where ML methods will progressively integrate and support established petrological methods in automating time-consuming and repetitive tasks, improving current models, and boosting discovery. In this framework, promising applications include (a) the acquisition of new multimodal petrologic data, (b) the development of data fusion techniques, physics-informed ML models, and ML-supported numerical simulations, and (c) the continuous exploration of the ML potential in petrology. To boost the contribution of ML in petrology, our main challenges are: (a) to improve the ability of ML models to capture the complexity of petrologic processes, (b) progressively link machine learning algorithms with the physical and thermodynamic nature of the investigated problems, (c) to start a collaborative effort among researchers coming from different disciplines, both in research and teaching.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.1093/petrology/egae036","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/89d4fc0df2221c11ca1c73e861ff415261811408","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/petrology/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/petrology/egae036/57107018/egae036.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":21,"published_at":"","score":68.63},{"id":"ss_fab09bd08105210c52bea6814cfbb4ae721e037c","title":"Automated mineralogy and petrology - applications of TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA)","authors":[{"name":"Tomáš Hrstka"},{"name":"P. Gottlieb"},{"name":"R. Skála"},{"name":"K. Breiter"},{"name":"D. Motl"}],"abstract":"The collection of representative modal mineralogy data as well as textural and chemical information on statistically significant samples is becoming essential in many areas of Earth and material sciences. Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy (ASEM) systems provide an ideal solution for such tasks. This paper presents the methods and techniques used in the recently developed TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA-X) with Version 1.5 TIMA software. The benefits from the use of a fully integrated quantitative energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and an advanced statistical approach to ASEM systems are demonstrated. Typically, the system can handle more than 500,000 X-ray events per second. Using a common spectral total of 1000 events this represents the acquisition of 500 spectra per second. A number of measurement modes is available to make the most effective use of these spectra depending on the application. For a back-scattered electrons (BSE) map combined with EDS data with spatial resolution of 10 μm, this represents the high-resolution measurement of c. 1 cm2 of a thin section or a polished rock surface in 30 minutes. A patented X-ray spectrum clustering algorithm that lowers the chemical detection limit is described and an example of its use is shown. The modal and textural (liberation, association, size etc.) data produced are statistically robust and provide information across a broad range of Earth and material sciences. A comparison with some other available instruments is also provided together with a number of case studies.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2018,"language":"en","subjects":["Geology"],"doi":"10.3190/JGEOSCI.250","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fab09bd08105210c52bea6814cfbb4ae721e037c","pdf_url":"http://www.jgeosci.org/content/jgeosci.250_hrstka.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":207,"published_at":"","score":68.21000000000001},{"id":"doaj_10.1038/s42003-024-06534-6","title":"Unraveling the pathological biomineralization of monosodium urate crystals in gout patients","authors":[{"name":"Carlos Rodriguez-Navarro"},{"name":"Kerstin Elert"},{"name":"Aurelia Ibañez-Velasco"},{"name":"Luis Monasterio-Guillot"},{"name":"Mariano Andres"},{"name":"Francisca Sivera"},{"name":"Eliseo Pascual"},{"name":"Encarnación Ruiz-Agudo"}],"abstract":"Abstract Crystallization of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) leads to painful gouty arthritis. Despite extensive research it is still unknown how this pathological biomineralization occurs, which hampers its prevention. Here we show how inflammatory MSU crystals form after a non-inflammatory amorphous precursor (AMSU) that nucleates heterogeneously on collagen fibrils from damaged articular cartilage of gout patients. This non-classical crystallization route imprints a nanogranular structure to biogenic acicular MSU crystals, which have smaller unit cell volume, lower microstrain, and higher crystallinity than synthetic MSU. These distinctive biosignatures are consistent with the template-promoted crystallization of biotic MSU crystals after AMSU at low supersaturation, and their slow growth over long periods of time (possibly years) in hyperuricemic gout patients. Our results help to better understand gout pathophysiology, underline the role of cartilage damage in promoting MSU crystallization, and suggest that there is a time-window to treat potential gouty patients before a critical amount of MSU has slowly formed as to trigger a gout flare.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Biology (General)"],"doi":"10.1038/s42003-024-06534-6","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06534-6","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"ss_771b053332a292094b5dc1b9bf57ebbf94e7a4a8","title":"Rapid response petrology for the opening eruptive phase of the 2021 Cumbre Vieja eruption, La Palma, Canary Islands","authors":[{"name":"M. Pankhurst"},{"name":"J. Scarrow"},{"name":"Olivia A. Barbee"},{"name":"J. Hickey"},{"name":"Berverly C. Coldwell"},{"name":"G. Rollinson"},{"name":"J. A. Rodríguez-Losada"},{"name":"A. Martin Lorenzo"},{"name":"F. Rodríguez"},{"name":"W. Hernández"},{"name":"David Calvo Fernández"},{"name":"P. Hernández"},{"name":"N. Pérez"}],"abstract":"How and why magmatic systems reactivate and evolve is a critical question for monitoring and hazard mitigation efforts during initial response and ongoing volcanic crisis management. Here we report the first integrated petrological results and interpretation provided to monitoring authorities during the ongoing eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain. The first eruptive products comprised simultaneous Strombolian fountain-fed lava flows and tephra fall from near-continuous eruption plumes. From combined field, petrographic and geochemical analyses conducted in the 10 days following sample collection, we infer low percentage mantle melts with a variably equilibrated multimineralic crystal-cargo and compositional fractionation by winnowing during eruptive processes. Hence ‘rapid response’ petrology can untangle complex magmatic and volcanic processes for this eruption, which combined with further study and methodological improvement can increasingly assist in active decision making.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.30909/vol.05.01.0110","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/771b053332a292094b5dc1b9bf57ebbf94e7a4a8","pdf_url":"https://www.jvolcanica.org/ojs/index.php/volcanica/article/download/137/152","is_open_access":true,"citations":62,"published_at":"","score":67.86},{"id":"doaj_10.5194/adgeo-59-59-2023","title":"Sources of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Groundwater of Barcelona Urban Area","authors":[{"name":"D. Schmidlin"},{"name":"L. Scheiber"},{"name":"M. Teixidó"},{"name":"E. Vázquez"},{"name":"R. Criollo"},{"name":"A. Jurado"},{"name":"D. Puigserver"},{"name":"S. Burdons"},{"name":"M. Enrich"}],"abstract":"\u003cp\u003eGroundwater is a vital resource for the development of\nurban areas, where the problem focuses on the quantity and on the quality of\nthis freshwater resource. Barcelona is a good example as because currently\ngroundwater is used for irrigation of parks and gardens and street cleaning\ndue to its poor quality as drinking water source. Among the pollutants found\nin groundwater, of special interest are contaminants of emerging concern\n(CEC), as they pose a high risk to the aquatic environment and human health.\nThe behaviour, spatial distribution and processes that control them in the\naquatic environment are still uncertain and most of them are unregulated. In\nthis paper we study the inputs and processes controlling the hydrochemistry\nof Barcelona urban groundwater with special emphasis on the CEC. We selected\n29 CEC that were detected at high concentrations of up to 1 \u003cspan class=\"inline-formula\"\u003eµ\u003c/span\u003eg L\u003cspan class=\"inline-formula\"\u003e\u003csup\u003e−1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e  (e.g.\ngemfibrozil, benzotriazole, among others). Towards the higher zones we\nidentify groundwater with relative low mineralization more proximate to the\nnatural recharge composition, while towards the urban area the anthropic\ninputs are evident (e.g. nitrate concentrations range from 50 to 200 mg L\u003cspan class=\"inline-formula\"\u003e\u003csup\u003e−1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e).\nNear the Besòs river there is a clear contribution from this superficial\nwater highly polluted, mostly from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)\ndischarges, and reducing conditions. The main contributor of CEC pollution\nin groundwater was the river-aquifer interaction (Besòs river), while\ntowards the urban area it might come from sewage seepage and probably a\nminor input from urban runoff. The redox state of these waters seems to\ncontrol the fate and occurrence of several of these CEC. The limitations of\nthis study are restricted to a single sampling campaign, therefore these\nresults should be corroborated with other sampling campaigns, including the\nseasonal variations, which would allow establishing more robust conclusions.\u003c/p\u003e","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Science","Geology","Dynamic and structural geology"],"doi":"10.5194/adgeo-59-59-2023","url":"https://adgeo.copernicus.org/articles/59/59/2023/adgeo-59-59-2023.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.160-174","title":"Длинные волны на шельфе юго-западного побережья о. Сахалин","authors":[{"name":"Ковалев Дмитрий Петрович"},{"name":"Ковалев Петр Дмитриевич"},{"name":"Зарочинцев Виталий Сергеевич"},{"name":"Кириллов Константин Владиславович"}],"abstract":"Рассматриваются результаты изучения длинноволновых движений с периодами более 20 ч на шельфе юго-западного побережья о. Сахалин с использованием полученных в натурных экспериментах временных серий колебаний уровня моря с дискретностью 1 с и продолжительностью от 4 до 6 мес. Спектральный анализ временных серий колебаний уровня моря для диапазона периодов от 8 до 200 ч выявил наличие длинноволновых процессов с периодами от 26.1 до 46.7 ч, которые значительно превышают инерционный период 16.48 ч. Численное моделирование шельфовых волн для экспоненциально выпуклых профилей морского дна, проведенное с использованием дисперсионного соотношения В.Т. Бухвальда и Дж.К. Адамса для волн континентального шельфа, показало, что обнаруженные волновые процессы с периодами от 31.2 ч до 46.7 ч являются шельфовыми волнами. Их амплитуды увеличиваются во время штормов; показана возможность передачи энергии от атмосферных возмущений шельфовым волнам, которые вносят вклад в формирование уровня моря, что подтверждает ранее сделанное предположение. Путем расчета разности фаз шельфовых волн на расстоянии 12.4 км между Невельском и Горнозаводском, наблюдаемых и определенных по теоретической модели, установлено, что вторая мода шельфовой волны с частотой 0.152 цикл/ч близка к теоретической. Регистрируемая в Ильинском и Горнозаводске волна с периодом 26.1 ч при расстоянии между пунктами 173.6 км не может быть шельфовой, а является волной Кельвина. Это подтверждено рассчитанной дисперсионной диаграммой, согласно которой длина волны около 689 км хорошо соответствует разности фаз для расстояния Ильинский–Горнозаводск. Установлено, что шельфовые волны, одним из механизмов генерации которых является напряжение ветра вдоль берега, имеют разные амплитуды в летнее и зимнее время, что обусловлено сезонным направлением вдольберегового ветра. В летний период направления распространения шельфовых волн и ветра противоположны, что ослабляет шельфовые волны.\r\n","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Dynamic and structural geology","Stratigraphy","Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction","Petrology"],"doi":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.160-174","url":"http://journal.imgg.ru/web/full/f2023-2-4.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.1038/s41598-023-40334-y","title":"Alteration effects of karstification and hydrothermalism on middle Permian Qixia formation at the Wulong section, South China","authors":[{"name":"Junxin Shang"},{"name":"Mingyou Feng"},{"name":"Xingzhi Wang"},{"name":"Benjian Zhang"},{"name":"Liang Xu"},{"name":"Xiaohong Liu"}],"abstract":"Abstract Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the southwestern region of Sichuan (SW China) has experienced multiphase fluidisation, resulting in an unclear understanding of the reservoir reconstruction effect. In this study, a systematic analysis of the Qi2 member in Wulong Town was carried out by combining field outcrop petrology and geochemistry. The results demonstrated that multiple sets of crystalline dolomite-bioclastic limestone cycles were stacked vertically in the Qi2 member, accompanied by the development of fractures and karst channels. The dolomite was mainly composed of silty-fine dolomite (D1) and recrystallised dolomite (D2). Furthermore, obvious multiphase dolomitic cements (Cd1-Cd2) were present in the fractures and pores. Early karst is known to have lithologic mutation surface development and karst channel development at the top of several secondary cycles. The vadose silt dolomites (Cd1) having karst channels developed dull luminescence under cathode luminescence (CL). Both the geochemical indicators of elements and rare earth element (REE) content indicated dysoxic-oxic environmental conditions. The hydrothermal solution displayed tectonic carniole characteristics in the strata burial stage. Fractures and pores were filled with hydrothermal minerals such as coarse dolomites-saddle dolomites (Cd2, with some caused by recrystallisation of the Cd1 hydrothermal solution) and fluorites. Coarse dolomites-saddle dolomites developed dull-red luminescence with a bright-red rim under CL and their δ18OVPDB values were more negative than those of middle Permian limestone samples. Both the geochemical indicators of elements and REE content indicated the suboxic-anoxic environmental conditions. Karstification had minor constructive impact on the reservoir of the Qi2 member in Baoxing in southwestern Sichuan. Most products of karstification were distributed as fillings in channels. Aside from creating certain networked fractures, the hydrothermal solution was mainly filled with hydrothermal minerals along the fractures, pores and early karst channels. Karst and the hydrothermal solution mainly damaged the middle and upper parts of the middle Permian Qixia Formation in Southwest Sichuan. The impact of episodic fluid on the restoration of the carbonate reservoir was mainly restricted by channels for fluid migration and thickness differences among the reservoir. However, certain thick-layered and massive crystalline dolomite may hold promise for exploration.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine","Science"],"doi":"10.1038/s41598-023-40334-y","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40334-y","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.3986/ac.v52i1.10383","title":"Screening of bacteria in Yarık Sinkhole, Antalya, Turkey for carbonate dissolution, biomineralization and biotechnological potentials","authors":[{"name":"Elif Özlem  Arslan- Aydoğdu"},{"name":"Yağmur  Avci"},{"name":"Nahdhoit  Ahamada Rachid"},{"name":"Batu  Çolak"},{"name":"Nihal Doğruöz-Güngör"}],"abstract":"Abiotic and biotic factors, especially microorganisms, play a role in the development of cave formations and the existence of unique characteristics of each cave. Due to the ecological conditions that characterize the cave environments, highly specialized microorganisms that are the main source of diverse bioactive compounds, inhabit these environments. The aim of this study is to determine the role and biotechnological potential of the bacteria isolated from Yarık Sinkhole located in Antalya (Turkey) by screening their ability to induce the CaCO3 precipitation, to hydrolyze urea, to induce calcite dissolution, and screening their possession of NRPS/PKS gene clusters. The most prevalent phylum is the Bacillota (synonym Firmicutes) (75.7 %), while the dominant species is Bacillus pumilus (33 %). All the isolates showed crystal formation on B4 agar medium, and the Energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses showed that the crystals are predominately composed of calcium, carbon and oxygen. Ninety-six (96 %) of our isolates have negative ureolytic activity. According to this result and having the ability to induce the CaCO3 precipitation, bac­teria in this environment use other biosynthesis pathways than urea hydrolysis. MgCO3 and CaCO3 were dissolved by 61 % and 59 % of the isolates, respectively. In addition, 5.9 % and 53.7 % of the isolates showed the possession of PKS and NRPS genes, respectively. This result reveals that our isolates have high in­dustrial and biotechnological potential. They may constitute good candidates for further biotechnological applications such as construction of bio-concretes, bioremediation, soil fertility, and production of biologically active secondary metabolites.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Petrology","Stratigraphy"],"doi":"10.3986/ac.v52i1.10383","url":"https://ojs.zrc-sazu.si/carsologica/article/view/10383","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.1007/s13202-023-01679-2","title":"Prediction of barium sulfate precipitation in dynamic tube blocking tests and its inhibition for waterflooding application using response surface methodology","authors":[{"name":"Azizollah Khormali"},{"name":"Soroush Ahmadi"}],"abstract":"Abstract Scale precipitation is one of the major problems in the petroleum industry during waterflooding. The possibility of salt formation and precipitation should be monitored and analyzed under dynamic conditions to improve production performance. Scale precipitation and its dependence on production parameters should be investigated before using scale inhibitors. In this study, the precipitation of barium sulfate salt was investigated through dynamic tube blocking tests at different injection rates and times. For this purpose, the pressure drop caused by salt deposition was evaluated at injection rates of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mL/min. The software determined the worst conditions (temperature, pressure, and water mixing ratio) for barium sulfate precipitation. Moreover, during the experiments, the pressure drop caused by barium sulfate precipitation was measured without using scale inhibitors. The pressure drop data were evaluated by the response surface method and analysis of variance to develop a new model for predicting the pressure drop depending on the injection rate and time. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a new high-precision correlation to predict barium sulfate precipitation under dynamic conditions using the response surface methodology that evaluates the effect of injection rate and time on the possibility of salt precipitation. The accuracy and adequacy of the obtained model were confirmed by using R2 statistics (including R2-coefficient of determination, adjusted R2, and predicted R2), adequate precision, and diagnostic charts. The results showed that the proposed model could fully and accurately predict the pressure drop. Increasing the time and decreasing the injection rate caused an increase in pressure drop and precipitation of barium sulfate salt, which was related to the formation of more salt due to the contact of ions. In addition, in a short period of the injection process, the pressure drop due to salt deposition increased sharply, which confirms the need to use a suitable scale inhibitor to control salt deposition. Finally, the dynamic tube blocking tests were repeated in the presence of two well-known scale inhibitors, which prevented salt deposition in the tubes. At the same time, no pressure drop was observed in the presence of scale inhibitors at all injection rates during a long period of injection. The obtained results can be used for the evaluation of salt precipitation during oil production in the reservoirs, in which barium sulfate is precipitated during waterflooding. For this purpose, knowing the flow rate and injection time, it is possible to determine the amount of pressure drop caused by salt deposition.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Petroleum refining. Petroleum products","Petrology"],"doi":"10.1007/s13202-023-01679-2","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-023-01679-2","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.1186/s40494-023-00918-3","title":"Mineralogical and petrographic characterization of the Cerrillo Blanco Iberian sculptures","authors":[{"name":"Julio Romero-Noguera"},{"name":"María Belén Ruiz-Ruiz"},{"name":"Giuseppe Cultrone"},{"name":"Teresa Doménech-Carbó"},{"name":"Fernando Bolívar-Galiano"}],"abstract":"Abstract The archaeological heritage at Cerrillo Blanco (Porcuna, Spain) is made up of 27 sculptural ensembles and hundreds of fragments dated between the seventh and second centuries BC. They represent a fundamental milestone in Iberian art and culture. Despite their relevance, no scientific studies have been carried out to date in order to fully understand the materials, intentions and techniques that led to their creation. This is a study carried out on original pieces from the Archaeological Museum of Jaén using stereoscopic optical microscopy (SOM), polarised optical microscopy (POM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (FESEM-EDX) and spectrophotometry (SF). The results obtained provide new information on the material composition of this important legacy of the Iberian civilization as well as its main alteration factors.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Fine Arts","Analytical chemistry"],"doi":"10.1186/s40494-023-00918-3","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-023-00918-3","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.180-195","title":"Исследование по динамике рамных конструкций","authors":[{"name":"Великанов Петр Геннадьевич"},{"name":"Артюхин Юрий Павлович"}],"abstract":"Определение собственных и вынужденных колебаний рамных конструкций, моделируемых стержнями с распределенными массами (бесконечное число степеней свободы), довольно затруднительно. Поэтому в статье модель рамы наделяют конечным числом степеней свободы: массу помещают в некоторое число узлов, которые упруго взаимодействуют со стержнями, не имеющими массы. Стержни работают только на изгиб. Продольные перемещения не учитываются, так как частота продольных колебаний на два порядка выше частоты изгибных колебаний. Такая модель позволяет составить выражения кинетической и потенциальной энергии и затем с помощью уравнений Лагранжа 2-го рода получить систему дифференциальных уравнений колебаний многоэтажных зданий. В статье с использованием функций Грина, матриц жесткости, масс, податливости и др. была решена задача о свободных колебаниях Г-образной рамы. Полученные приближенные результаты при сравнении с малоизвестными точными результатами показали хорошую сходимость, особенно при увеличении числа степеней свободы (количества сосредоточенных масс, моделирующих распределенную массу стержней Г-образной рамы).\r\n","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Dynamic and structural geology","Stratigraphy","Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction","Petrology"],"doi":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.180-195","url":"http://journal.imgg.ru/web/full/f2023-2-6.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"ss_4f00f8ef0481dfed640369414d39e20913cd16f3","title":"PetroGram: An excel-based petrology program for modeling of magmatic processes","authors":[{"name":"Mesut Gündüz"},{"name":"Kürşad Asan"}],"abstract":"Abstract PetroGram is an Excel© based magmatic petrology program that generates numerical and graphical models. PetroGram can model the magmatic processes such as melting, crystallization, assimilation and magma mixing based on the trace element and isotopic data. The program can produce both inverse and forward geochemical models for melting processes (e.g. forward model for batch, fractional and dynamic melting, and inverse model for batch and dynamic melting). However, the program uses a forward modeling approach for magma differentiation processes such as crystallization (EC: Equilibruim Crystallization, FC: Fractional Crystallization, IFC: Imperfect Fractional Crystallization and In-situ Crystallization), assimilation (AFC: Assimilation Fractional Crystallization, Decoupled FC-A: Decoupled Fractional Crystallization and Assimillation, A-IFC: Assimilation and Imperfect Fractional Crystallization) and magma mixing. One of the most important advantages of the program is that the melt composition obtained from any partial melting model can be used as a starting composition of the crystallization, assimilation and magma mixing. In addition, PetroGram is able to carry out the classification, tectonic setting, multi-element (spider) and isotope correlation diagrams, and basic calculations including Mg#, Eu/Eu∗, eSr and eNd widely used in magmatic petrology.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2021,"language":"en","subjects":["Geology"],"doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2020.06.010","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4f00f8ef0481dfed640369414d39e20913cd16f3","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2020.06.010","is_open_access":true,"citations":55,"published_at":"","score":66.65}],"total":71346,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["DOAJ","CrossRef","Semantic Scholar"],"query":"Petrology"}