{"results":[{"id":"ss_21c8297ef9b4531d0a1a776c741857a2e34339a9","title":"3D printing metal implants in orthopedic surgery: Methods, applications and future prospects","authors":[{"name":"Meng Meng"},{"name":"Jinzuo Wang"},{"name":"Huagui Huang"},{"name":"Xin Liu"},{"name":"Jing Zhang"},{"name":"Zhonghai Li"}],"abstract":"Background Currently, metal implants are widely used in orthopedic surgeries, including fracture fixation, spinal fusion, joint replacement, and bone tumor defect repair. However, conventional implants are difficult to be customized according to the recipient's skeletal anatomy and defect characteristics, leading to difficulties in meeting the individual needs of patients. Additive manufacturing (AM) or three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, an advanced digital fabrication technique capable of producing components with complex and precise structures, offers opportunities for personalization. Methods We systematically reviewed the literature on 3D printing orthopedic metal implants over the past 10 years. Relevant animal, cellular, and clinical studies were searched in PubMed and Web of Science. In this paper, we introduce the 3D printing method and the characteristics of biometals and summarize the properties of 3D printing metal implants and their clinical applications in orthopedic surgery. On this basis, we discuss potential possibilities for further generalization and improvement. Results 3D printing technology has facilitated the use of metal implants in different orthopedic procedures. By combining medical images from techniques such as CT and MRI, 3D printing technology allows the precise fabrication of complex metal implants based on the anatomy of the injured tissue. Such patient-specific implants not only reduce excessive mechanical strength and eliminate stress-shielding effects, but also improve biocompatibility and functionality, increase cell and nutrient permeability, and promote angiogenesis and bone growth. In addition, 3D printing technology has the advantages of low cost, fast manufacturing cycles, and high reproducibility, which can shorten patients' surgery and hospitalization time. Many clinical trials have been conducted using customized implants. However, the use of modeling software, the operation of printing equipment, the high demand for metal implant materials, and the lack of guidance from relevant laws and regulations have limited its further application. Conclusions There are advantages of 3D printing metal implants in orthopedic applications such as personalization, promotion of osseointegration, short production cycle, and high material utilization. With the continuous learning of modeling software by surgeons, the improvement of 3D printing technology, the development of metal materials that better meet clinical needs, and the improvement of laws and regulations, 3D printing metal implants can be applied to more orthopedic surgeries. The translational potential of this paper Precision, intelligence, and personalization are the future direction of orthopedics. It is reasonable to believe that 3D printing technology will be more deeply integrated with artificial intelligence, 4D printing, and big data to play a greater role in orthopedic metal implants and eventually become an important part of the digital economy. We aim to summarize the latest developments in 3D printing metal implants for engineers and surgeons to design implants that more closely mimic the morphology and function of native bone.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1016/j.jot.2023.08.004","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/21c8297ef9b4531d0a1a776c741857a2e34339a9","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jot.2023.08.004","is_open_access":true,"citations":174,"published_at":"","score":72.22},{"id":"ss_bb035a75f475bdb3906046c97ca6d24605508905","title":"Prehabilitation for Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery","authors":[{"name":"A. Punnoose"},{"name":"L. Claydon-Mueller"},{"name":"O. Weiss"},{"name":"Jufen Zhang"},{"name":"A. Rushton"},{"name":"V. Khanduja"}],"abstract":"Key Points Question Is prehabilitation associated with improved outcomes in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery? Findings In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 48 unique trials involving 3570 unique patients, the prehabilitation intervention significantly improved function, health-related quality of life, muscle strength, and back pain prior to surgery in patients undergoing orthopedic procedures compared with usual care (without prehabilitation). Postoperatively, prehabilitation improved function in the short to medium term in comparison with usual care. Meaning These findings suggest that prehabilitation is associated with improving some outcomes for patients undergoing orthopedic surgery both preoperatively and postoperatively.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8050","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bb035a75f475bdb3906046c97ca6d24605508905","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2803788/punnoose_2023_oi_230258_1680798406.49658.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":143,"published_at":"","score":71.28999999999999},{"id":"ss_922897bda049a84ccf9fdf5ec55629757c4fd558","title":"Artificial Intelligence in Orthopedic Surgery: Current Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions","authors":[{"name":"Fei Han"},{"name":"Xiao Huang"},{"name":"Xin Wang"},{"name":"Yong-Feng Chen"},{"name":"Chuang Lu"},{"name":"Shasha Li"},{"name":"Lu Lu"},{"name":"Da-Wei Zhang"}],"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) drives transformative changes in orthopedic surgery, steering it toward precision and personalization through intelligent applications in preoperative planning, intraoperative assistance, and postoperative rehabilitation/monitoring. Breakthroughs in deep learning, robotics, and multimodal data fusion have enabled AI to demonstrate significant advantages. Nonetheless, current applications face challenges such as limited real‐time decision autonomy, fragmented medical data silos, standardization gaps restricting model generalization, and ethical/regulatory frameworks lagging behind technological advancements. Therefore, a critical analysis of the current status of AI and the acceleration of its clinical translation is urgently required. This study systematically reviews the core advancements, challenges, and future directions of AI in orthopedic surgery from technical, clinical, and ethical perspectives. It elaborates on the “perceptual‐decisional‐executional” intelligent closed loop formed by algorithmic innovation and hardware upgrades, summarizes AI applications across surgical continuum, analyzes ethical and regulatory challenges, and explores emerging trajectories. This review integrates the end‐to‐end applications of AI in orthopedics, illustrating its evolution. It introduces an “algorithm‐hardware‐ethics trinity” framework for technical translation, providing methodological guidance for interdisciplinary collaboration. Additionally, it evaluates the combined efficacy of diverse algorithms and devices through practical cases and details of future research frontiers, aiming to inform researchers of current landscapes and guide subsequent investigations.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1002/mco2.70260","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/922897bda049a84ccf9fdf5ec55629757c4fd558","is_open_access":true,"citations":43,"published_at":"","score":70.28999999999999},{"id":"ss_3794c94304020324a8371c9588047b72507d5db1","title":"Magnesium-Based Alloys Used in Orthopedic Surgery","authors":[{"name":"I. Antoniac"},{"name":"M. Miculescu"},{"name":"V. Manescu (Paltanea)"},{"name":"A. Stere"},{"name":"Pham Hong Quan"},{"name":"G. Păltânea"},{"name":"Alina Robu"},{"name":"K. Earar"}],"abstract":"Magnesium (Mg)-based alloys have become an important category of materials that is attracting more and more attention due to their high potential use as orthopedic temporary implants. These alloys are a viable alternative to nondegradable metals implants in orthopedics. In this paper, a detailed overview covering alloy development and manufacturing techniques is described. Further, important attributes for Mg-based alloys involved in orthopedic implants fabrication, physiological and toxicological effects of each alloying element, mechanical properties, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis of Mg are presented. A section detailing the main biocompatible Mg-based alloys, with examples of mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and cytotoxicity tests related to in vitro experiments, is also provided. Special attention is given to animal testing, and the clinical translation is also reviewed, focusing on the main clinical cases that were conducted under human use approval.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.3390/ma15031148","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3794c94304020324a8371c9588047b72507d5db1","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/1148/pdf?version=1644391008","is_open_access":true,"citations":119,"published_at":"","score":69.57},{"id":"ss_6037e97046bda68ad8d925a45f69af0d5bf37b8d","title":"Current advancements in therapeutic approaches in orthopedic surgery: a review of recent trends","authors":[{"name":"Wenqing Liang"},{"name":"Chao Zhou"},{"name":"Juqin Bai"},{"name":"Hongwei Zhang"},{"name":"Bo Jiang"},{"name":"Jiangwei Wang"},{"name":"Lifeng Fu"},{"name":"Hengguo Long"},{"name":"Xiaogang Huang"},{"name":"Jiayi Zhao"},{"name":"Haibing Zhu"}],"abstract":"Recent advancements in orthopedic surgery have greatly improved the management of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. This review discusses the latest therapeutic approaches that have emerged in orthopedics. We examine the use of regenerative medicine, including stem cell therapy and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, to accelerate healing and promote tissue regeneration. Additionally, we explore the application of robotic-assisted surgery, which provides greater precision and accuracy during surgical procedures. We also delve into the emergence of personalized medicine, which tailors treatments to individual patients based on their unique genetic and environmental factors. Furthermore, we discuss telemedicine and remote patient monitoring as methods for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs. Finally, we examine the growing interest in using artificial intelligence and machine learning in orthopedics, particularly in diagnosis and treatment planning. Overall, these advancements in therapeutic approaches have significantly improved patient outcomes, reduced recovery times, and enhanced the overall quality of care in orthopedic surgery.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1328997","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6037e97046bda68ad8d925a45f69af0d5bf37b8d","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1328997/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","is_open_access":true,"citations":52,"published_at":"","score":69.56},{"id":"doaj_%0A++++++++++++Cartilage+lesions+resulting+frorm+intraarticular+corticosteroid+injections%0A%0A%0A++++++++","title":"\n            Cartilage lesions resulting frorm intraarticular corticosteroid injections\n\n\n        ","authors":[{"name":"Levent Kostem"},{"name":"Fikret Oztop"},{"name":"Ahmet Sebik"},{"name":"Yalcin Ademoglu"},{"name":"Zafer Kement"}],"abstract":"     \n        Abstract\n\n\n\n        In eight of a total of 53 diagnostic arthroscopy cases, cartilage lesions and additional meniscus lesions resulting frorm intaraticular corticosteroid injections were identified between September 1987 and July 1988.Three of the cases were active sportsmen and all three had necrosis of the meniscus due to local corticosteroid administration following trauma. Mean time span for the onset of symptoms were determined to be eight months after local corticosteroid administration.\n\n        ÖzetKortizonun uzun süreli sistemik kullanımından sonra veya diz içine lokal uygulanmasından sonra diz ekleminde, özellikle femur kondillerinde kıkırdak nekrozu oluşması çok görülmektedir. Özellikle lokal uygulamada kortizonun meniskus içine yapılması sonucunda meniskuslardaki lezyonlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Eylül 1987-Temmuz 1988 ayları arasında uyguladığımız toplam 53 tanısal artroskopi olgusunun 8inde   intraartiküler kortizon enjeksiyonlarına bağlı  kıkırdak lezyonu ve ilave meniskus lezyonları saptadık. 3 olgumuz aktif sporcu olup, her ikisinde de travmayı takiben lokal kortizon uygulaması sonucu meniskusta nekroz ve her iki eklem yüzeylerinde de kıkırdak  lezyonları mevcuttu. Olgularda,  lokal kortizon uygulamalarından sonra yakınmaların ortaya çıkması ortalama 8 ay olarak saptandı.\n\n        \n\n  \n\n                    ","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Orthopedic surgery"],"url":"https://aott.org.tr/index.php/pub/article/view/509","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.4103/fjmd.FJMD-D-24-00049","title":"Association of Preoperative Cognitive Impairment with Poor Outcomes following Transforaminal Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery","authors":[{"name":"Duy Nguyen Anh Tran"},{"name":"Bao Tu Thai Nguyen"},{"name":"Hoan Le Nguyen"},{"name":"Tan Thanh Nguyen"},{"name":"Yu-Pin Chen"},{"name":"Yi-Jie Kuo"}],"abstract":"Background:\nPreoperative cognitive function (PCF) is gaining attention as a predictor of surgical outcomes due to its association with muscle function and recovery. Its role in postoperative recovery following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), however, remains unclear.\nObjectives:\nThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of PCF on functional and quality-of-life outcomes after TLIF surgery.\nMaterials and Methods:\nA prospective study of 89 patients undergoing TLIF assessed PCF preoperatively using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire. Outcomes, including Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and EuroQol 5-Dimensions 3-Level (EQ-5D-3L) scores, were measured at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months postsurgery. Generalized estimating equations analyzed the associations between PCF and recovery.\nResults:\nJOA and EQ-5D-3L scores improved significantly at all postoperative time points, reflecting enhanced functional and quality-of-life outcomes after TLIF. PCF showed a weak-to-moderate negative correlation with JOA and EQ-5D-3L scores across all time points. Greater PCF impairment was associated with lower postoperative JOA (β = −1.432, P = 0.036) and EQ-5D-3L (β = −0.065, P = 0.016) scores.\nConclusions:\nPCF significantly affects postoperative outcomes following TLIF, particularly in early recovery. Assessing and addressing PCF preoperatively could enhance recovery trajectories.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Orthopedic surgery"],"doi":"10.4103/fjmd.FJMD-D-24-00049","url":"https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/fjmd.FJMD-D-24-00049","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.1038/s41598-025-91945-6","title":"A new method of accurate pedicle screw navigation","authors":[{"name":"Daniel Suter"},{"name":"Aidana Massalimova"},{"name":"Christoph Johannes Laux"},{"name":"Laura Leoty"},{"name":"José Miguel Spirig"},{"name":"Florentin Liebmann"},{"name":"Fabio Carrillo"},{"name":"Philipp Fürnstahl"},{"name":"Mazda Farshad"}],"abstract":"Abstract One of the most established approaches to navigate pedicle screws is the planning and alignment (PA) method. Thereby a trajectory and associated entry point (EP) is planned and navigated after referencing to patient anatomy. However, deviations from the planned EP potentially lead to an altered screw position. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of these EP deviations and to examine possible alternative methods. The merits of two new points of reference (screw tip point STP and midpoint MP) were therefore analyzed. STP represents the point on the optimal screw tip, MP the point at the center/midportion of the pedicle at its narrowest portion. The adapted screw trajectory was defined as the directional vector from any chosen EP to the STP or MP. First, computer simulations were used to evaluate the performance of these new approaches. Subsequently, the navigation technique yielding more acceptable screws in case of an EP deviation was analyzed on phantom-sawbone models. Both new methods showed a significantly larger number of possible screw trajectories in the simulations (p \u003c 0.01). Even with a deliberate deviation of 4.5 mm (IQR 3.3) from the optimal EP, a perforation-free screw diameter of 4.9 mm (IQR 5.7 mm) could be achieved using the new navigation techniques. The simulated perforations were mainly located laterally with a median of 8.45 mm (IQR 3.95) distance to the medial pedicle wall. The PA method seems to be susceptible to EP deviations. The STP and MP methods are possible improvement mechanisms to overcome this disadvantage.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine","Science"],"doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-91945-6","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91945-6","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"arxiv_2501.15371","title":"Acquiring Submillimeter-Accurate Multi-Task Vision Datasets for Computer-Assisted Orthopedic Surgery","authors":[{"name":"Emma Most"},{"name":"Jonas Hein"},{"name":"Frédéric Giraud"},{"name":"Nicola A. Cavalcanti"},{"name":"Lukas Zingg"},{"name":"Baptiste Brument"},{"name":"Nino Louman"},{"name":"Fabio Carrillo"},{"name":"Philipp Fürnstahl"},{"name":"Lilian Calvet"}],"abstract":"Advances in computer vision, particularly in optical image-based 3D reconstruction and feature matching, enable applications like marker-less surgical navigation and digitization of surgery. However, their development is hindered by a lack of suitable datasets with 3D ground truth. This work explores an approach to generating realistic and accurate ex vivo datasets tailored for 3D reconstruction and feature matching in open orthopedic surgery. A set of posed images and an accurately registered ground truth surface mesh of the scene are required to develop vision-based 3D reconstruction and matching methods suitable for surgery. We propose a framework consisting of three core steps and compare different methods for each step: 3D scanning, calibration of viewpoints for a set of high-resolution RGB images, and an optical-based method for scene registration. We evaluate each step of this framework on an ex vivo scoliosis surgery using a pig spine, conducted under real operating room conditions. A mean 3D Euclidean error of 0.35 mm is achieved with respect to the 3D ground truth. The proposed method results in submillimeter accurate 3D ground truths and surgical images with a spatial resolution of 0.1 mm. This opens the door to acquiring future surgical datasets for high-precision applications.","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.CV"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.15371","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.15371","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-01-26T02:52:46Z","score":69},{"id":"arxiv_2510.22851","title":"Semantic Surgery: Zero-Shot Concept Erasure in Diffusion Models","authors":[{"name":"Lexiang Xiong"},{"name":"Chengyu Liu"},{"name":"Jingwen Ye"},{"name":"Yan Liu"},{"name":"Yuecong Xu"}],"abstract":"Concept erasure in text-to-image diffusion models is crucial for mitigating harmful content, yet existing methods often compromise generative quality. We introduce Semantic Surgery, a novel training-free, zero-shot framework for concept erasure that operates directly on text embeddings before the diffusion process. It dynamically estimates the presence of target concepts in a prompt and performs a calibrated vector subtraction to neutralize their influence at the source, enhancing both erasure completeness and locality. The framework includes a Co-Occurrence Encoding module for robust multi-concept erasure and a visual feedback loop to address latent concept persistence. As a training-free method, Semantic Surgery adapts dynamically to each prompt, ensuring precise interventions. Extensive experiments on object, explicit content, artistic style, and multi-celebrity erasure tasks show our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art approaches. We achieve superior completeness and robustness while preserving locality and image quality (e.g., 93.58 H-score in object erasure, reducing explicit content to just 1 instance, and 8.09 H_a in style erasure with no quality degradation). This robustness also allows our framework to function as a built-in threat detection system, offering a practical solution for safer text-to-image generation.","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.CV","cs.AI"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.22851","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.22851","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-10-26T22:04:17Z","score":69},{"id":"arxiv_2507.05671","title":"Canine Clinical Gait Analysis for Orthopedic and Neurological Disorders: An Inertial Deep-Learning Approach","authors":[{"name":"Netta Palez"},{"name":"Léonie Straß"},{"name":"Sebastian Meller"},{"name":"Holger Volk"},{"name":"Anna Zamansky"},{"name":"Itzik Klein"}],"abstract":"Canine gait analysis using wearable inertial sensors is gaining attention in veterinary clinical settings, as it provides valuable insights into a range of mobility impairments. Neurological and orthopedic conditions cannot always be easily distinguished even by experienced clinicians. The current study explored and developed a deep learning approach using inertial sensor readings to assess whether neurological and orthopedic gait could facilitate gait analysis. Our investigation focused on optimizing both performance and generalizability in distinguishing between these gait abnormalities. Variations in sensor configurations, assessment protocols, and enhancements to deep learning model architectures were further suggested. Using a dataset of 29 dogs, our proposed approach achieved 96% accuracy in the multiclass classification task (healthy/orthopedic/neurological) and 82% accuracy in the binary classification task (healthy/non-healthy) when generalizing to unseen dogs. Our results demonstrate the potential of inertial-based deep learning models to serve as a practical and objective diagnostic and clinical aid to differentiate gait assessment in orthopedic and neurological conditions.","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.LG"],"doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-40717-x","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05671","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.05671","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-07-08T04:54:16Z","score":69},{"id":"ss_efc831cb95a167744e63d1a3cfa6ca6ddda79980","title":"Effect of Remimazolam on Postoperative Delirium in Older Adult Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":[{"name":"Jinjin Yang"},{"name":"Lei Lei"},{"name":"Di Qiu"},{"name":"Sai Chen"},{"name":"Lijuan Xing"},{"name":"Jing Zhao"},{"name":"Y. Mao"},{"name":"Jian-jun Yang"}],"abstract":"Background Postoperative delirium is common in older adult patients and associated with a poor prognosis. The use of benzodiazepine was identified as an independent risk factor for delirium, but there is no randomized controlled trial regarding the relationship between remimazolam, a new ultra-short acting benzodiazepine, and postoperative delirium. We designed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate if remimazolam increases the incidence of postoperative delirium compared with propofol in older adult patients undergoing orthopedic surgery with general anesthesia. Patients and Methods We enrolled 320 patients aged more than 60 with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I–III who underwent orthopedic surgery. Patients were randomized to two groups to receive intraoperative remimazolam or propofol, respectively. Our primary outcome was the incidence of delirium within 3 days after surgery. Secondary outcome was emergence quality including the incidence of emergence agitation, extubation time, and length of post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay. Adverse events were also recorded. Results The incidence of postoperative delirium was 15.6% in the remimazolam group and 12.4% in the propofol group (Risk ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.72 to 2.21; Risk difference, 3.2%; 95% CI, −4.7% to 11.2%; P = 0.42). No significant differences were observed for time of delirium onset, duration of delirium, and delirium subtype between the two groups. Patients in remimazolam group had a lower incidence of hypotension after induction and consumed less vasoactive drugs intraoperatively, but had a longer postoperative extubation time and PACU stay. Conclusion General anesthesia with remimazolam was not associated with an increased incidence of postoperative delirium compared with propofol in older adult patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.2147/DDDT.S392569","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/efc831cb95a167744e63d1a3cfa6ca6ddda79980","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=86944","is_open_access":true,"citations":65,"published_at":"","score":68.95},{"id":"ss_3d567f749f62905e5ff18126c7446d12c59433c2","title":"Artificial intelligence in orthopedic surgery: evolution, current state and future directions","authors":[{"name":"A. Kurmis"},{"name":"J. Ianunzio"}],"abstract":"Technological advances continue to evolve at a breath-taking pace. Computer-navigation, robot-assistance and three-dimensional digital planning have become commonplace in many parts of the world. With near exponential advances in computer processing capacity, and the advent, progressive understanding and refinement of software algorithms, medicine and orthopaedic surgery have begun to delve into artificial intelligence (AI) systems. While for some, such applications still seem in the realm of science fiction, these technologies are already in selective clinical use and are likely to soon see wider uptake. The purpose of this structured review was to provide an understandable summary to non-academic orthopaedic surgeons, exploring key definitions and basic development principles of AI technology as it currently stands. To ensure content validity and representativeness, a structured, systematic review was performed following the accepted PRISMA principles. The paper concludes with a forward-look into heralded and potential applications of AI technology in orthopedic surgery. While not intended to be a detailed technical description of the complex processing that underpins AI applications, this work will take a small step forward in demystifying some of the commonly-held misconceptions regarding AI and its potential benefits to patients and surgeons. With evidence-supported broader awareness, we aim to foster an open-mindedness among clinicians toward such technologies in the future.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1186/s42836-022-00112-z","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3d567f749f62905e5ff18126c7446d12c59433c2","pdf_url":"https://arthroplasty.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s42836-022-00112-z","is_open_access":true,"citations":79,"published_at":"","score":68.37},{"id":"ss_c573dfbbf75e214da51929125a9680f374c3e12f","title":"A long duration of intraoperative hypotension is associated with postoperative delirium occurrence following thoracic and orthopedic surgery in elderly.","authors":[{"name":"Wen Duan"},{"name":"Cheng-Mao Zhou"},{"name":"Jinjin Yang"},{"name":"Yue Zhang"},{"name":"Ze-Ping Li"},{"name":"D. Ma"},{"name":"Jian-jun Yang"}],"abstract":"BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common surgical complication associated with increased morbidity and mortality in elderly. Although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive, perioperative risk factors were reported to be closely related to its development. This study was designed to investigate the association between the duration of intraoperative hypotension and POD incidence following thoracic and orthopedic surgery in elderly. METHOD The perioperative data from 605 elderly undergoing thoracic and orthopedic surgery from January 2021 to July 2022 were analyzed. The primary exposure was a cumulative duration of mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≤ 65 mmHg. The primary end-point was the POD incidence assessed with confusion assessment method (CAM) or CAM-ICU for three days after surgery. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was conducted to examine the continuous relationship between the duration of intraoperative hypotension and POD incidence adjusted with patients' demographics and surgery related factors. Then the duration of intraoperative hypotension was categorized into three groups: no hypotension, short (\u003c 5 mins) or long duration (≥ 5 mins) of hypotension for further analysis. RESULT The incidence of POD was 14.7% (89 cases out of 605) within three days after surgery. The duration of hypotension presented a non-linear and \"inverted L-shaped\" effect on POD development. Compared to no hypotension, long duration (adjusted OR 3.93; 95% CI: 2.07-7.45; P \u003c 0.001) rather than short duration of MAP ≤65 mmHg (adjusted OR 1.18; 95% CI: 0.56-2.50; P = 0.671) was closely related to the POD incidence. CONCLUSION Intraoperative hypotension (MAP ≤65 mmHg) for ≥5 mins was associated with an increased incidence of POD after thoracic and orthopedic surgery in elderly.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111125","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c573dfbbf75e214da51929125a9680f374c3e12f","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111125","is_open_access":true,"citations":44,"published_at":"","score":68.32},{"id":"ss_80372efc5f0b65d7f0acca885a2a639a5d9648de","title":"Effectiveness of Virtual Reality–Based Rehabilitation Interventions in Improving Postoperative Outcomes for Orthopedic Surgery Patients","authors":[{"name":"Mark Ehioghae"},{"name":"Alexis Montoya"},{"name":"Ritwik Keshav"},{"name":"Tarun K Vippa"},{"name":"Hayk Manuk-Hakobyan"},{"name":"Jamal Hasoon"},{"name":"Alan D. Kaye"},{"name":"Ivan Urits"}],"abstract":"Purpose of Review The surge in orthopedic surgeries strains the US healthcare system, necessitating innovative rehabilitation solutions. This review examines the potential of virtual reality (VR)-based interventions for orthopedic rehabilitation. Recent Findings The effectiveness of VR-based interventions in orthopedic surgery patients is scrutinized. While some studies suggest better patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction, mixed results emerge from others, demonstrating comparable or varied results compared to traditional rehabilitation. The underlying mechanisms of VR-based rehabilitation are elucidated, showing its positive impact on proprioception, pain management, agency, and balance. Challenges of unfamiliarity, patient engagement, and drop-out rates are identified, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches. Summary VR technology’s immersive environments and multisensory experiences offer a novel approach to addressing functional deficits and pain post-surgery. The conclusion drawn is that VR-based rehabilitation complements rather than replaces conventional methods, potentially aiding in pain reduction and functional improvement. VR-based rehabilitation holds promise for enhancing orthopedic surgery outcomes, presenting a dynamic approach to recovery. Its potential to reshape healthcare delivery and reimbursement structures underscores its significance in modern healthcare. Overall, VR-based rehabilitation offers a promising avenue for optimizing postoperative recovery in orthopedic surgery patients.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1007/s11916-023-01192-5","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/80372efc5f0b65d7f0acca885a2a639a5d9648de","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-023-01192-5","is_open_access":true,"citations":38,"published_at":"","score":68.14},{"id":"doaj_10.1177/2473011424S00476","title":"Return to Sports and Sports Activities after Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Ankle in Elite Athletes","authors":[{"name":"Jari Dahmen MD"},{"name":"Julian Hollander Bsc"},{"name":"Kishan Ramsodit"},{"name":"Quinten Rikken MD"},{"name":"Sjoerd Stufkens MD, PhD"},{"name":"Gino M M.M.J. Kerkhoffs MD, PhD"}],"abstract":"Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the return to sports rate and times after treatment of osteochondral lesions of the ankle in elite level athletes. Methods: All elite level athletes treated for an OLT(P) were selected from a cross-sectional database consisting of consecutive patients with cartilage injuries of the ankle and subsequently underwent prospective follow-up. Outcomes included return to sports outcomes, patient reported outcomes and a qualitative assessment regarding mental health Results: 26 patients with a median age of 22 years (IQR: 19.0 – 24.5) were included with a median follow-up time of 48 months (IQR: 34.5 – 71.0). Seven patients (27%) underwent conservative treatment and 19 patient (73%) operative treatment. Conservative treatment yielded a return to sport rate at any level of 86%, return to pre-injury and return to performance level of both 57%. For operative treatment these rates were 100%, 74% and 63% respectively. Mean time to return to pre-injury level overall was 8.3 months. At latest follow-up only 11 patients (44%) were still active at an elite level of sport. Conclusion: Both conservative and surgical treatment for osteochondral lesions of the ankle yielded return to sport rates above 86% in elite level athletes. The results of this study can be used in the decision-making process between the physician and the elite athlete to inform them about the expected return to sport rates and times for the different treatment options for OLT(P)s. As most athletes at the time of injury and treatment are still highly motivated and disciplined to return to their sport at the same level and be able to compete at the highest level available in their sport.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Orthopedic surgery"],"doi":"10.1177/2473011424S00476","url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2473011424S00476","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"arxiv_2405.09359","title":"Visual Attention Based Cognitive Human-Robot Collaboration for Pedicle Screw Placement in Robot-Assisted Orthopedic Surgery","authors":[{"name":"Chen Chen"},{"name":"Qikai Zou"},{"name":"Yuhang Song"},{"name":"Mingrui Yu"},{"name":"Senqiang Zhu"},{"name":"Shiji Song"},{"name":"Xiang Li"}],"abstract":"Current orthopedic robotic systems largely focus on navigation, aiding surgeons in positioning a guiding tube but still requiring manual drilling and screw placement. The automation of this task not only demands high precision and safety due to the intricate physical interactions between the surgical tool and bone but also poses significant risks when executed without adequate human oversight. As it involves continuous physical interaction, the robot should collaborate with the surgeon, understand the human intent, and always include the surgeon in the loop. To achieve this, this paper proposes a new cognitive human-robot collaboration framework, including the intuitive AR-haptic human-robot interface, the visual-attention-based surgeon model, and the shared interaction control scheme for the robot. User studies on a robotic platform for orthopedic surgery are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the proposed human-robot collaboration framework outperforms full robot and full human control in terms of safety and ergonomics.","source":"arXiv","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.RO","cs.HC"],"doi":"10.1109/IROS58592.2024.10801930","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.09359","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.09359","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2024-05-15T14:12:38Z","score":68},{"id":"arxiv_2410.03078","title":"Partial-to-Full Registration based on Gradient-SDF for Computer-Assisted Orthopedic Surgery","authors":[{"name":"Tiancheng Li"},{"name":"Peter Walker"},{"name":"Danial Hammoud"},{"name":"Liang Zhao"},{"name":"Shoudong Huang"}],"abstract":"In computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS), accurate pre-operative to intra-operative bone registration is an essential and critical requirement for providing navigational guidance. This registration process is challenging since the intra-operative 3D points are sparse, only partially overlapped with the pre-operative model, and disturbed by noise and outliers. The commonly used method in current state-of-the-art orthopedic robotic system is bony landmarks based registration, but it is very time-consuming for the surgeons. To address these issues, we propose a novel partial-to-full registration framework based on gradient-SDF for CAOS. The simulation experiments using bone models from publicly available datasets and the phantom experiments performed under both optical tracking and electromagnetic tracking systems demonstrate that the proposed method can provide more accurate results than standard benchmarks and be robust to 90% outliers. Importantly, our method achieves convergence in less than 1 second in real scenarios and mean target registration error values as low as 2.198 mm for the entire bone model. Finally, it only requires random acquisition of points for registration by moving a surgical probe over the bone surface without correspondence with any specific bony landmarks, thus showing significant potential clinical value.","source":"arXiv","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.RO"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.03078","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.03078","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2024-10-04T01:43:34Z","score":68},{"id":"ss_f67b352a1ae2db012b549370ca42a8d0a32cf765","title":"Different Modification Methods of Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Bone Cement for Orthopedic Surgery Applications.","authors":[{"name":"F. Ghasemi"},{"name":"Afsaneh Jahani"},{"name":"Ali Moradi"},{"name":"M. Ebrahimzadeh"},{"name":"Nafiseh Jirofti"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.22038/ABJS.2023.71289.3330","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f67b352a1ae2db012b549370ca42a8d0a32cf765","is_open_access":true,"citations":30,"published_at":"","score":67.9},{"id":"ss_a24e3e630afc2f94096faea45081d735c102e7ba","title":"Evaluating the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Orthopedic Surgery for Value-based Healthcare","authors":[{"name":"Aftab Tariq"},{"name":"A. Gill"},{"name":"Hafiz Khawar Hussain"}],"abstract":"The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to transform value-based healthcare in the area of orthopedic surgery is examined in this research. Orthopedic surgeons and healthcare systems may improve patient outcomes, increase efficiency, and alter care delivery by combining AI algorithms, cutting-edge data analytics, and novel technology. Through case studies and success stories, the article provides a thorough study of the advantages and prospects provided by AI in orthopedic surgery. These instances demonstrate how AI has been successfully applied to several facets of orthopedic surgery, including as diagnosis, planning of the surgical course, surgical navigation, postoperative care, and resource allocation. The ethical and legal ramifications of using AI are also discussed in the study, with a focus on patient autonomy, privacy, accountability, and any potential effects on the healthcare workforce. The potential applications of AI in orthopedic surgery are examined, together with developments in preoperative planning, surgical robotics, remote monitoring, predictive analytics, personalised medicine, research, and innovation. The promise of AI in orthopedic surgery is obvious, despite issues with data quality, privacy, algorithm biases, and legal constraints. The ethical and appropriate application of AI technology in orthopedic surgery has the potential to significantly enhance patient outcomes, lower complications, boost efficiency, and change the way healthcare is provided. This study lays the groundwork for future study and application in the field of orthopedic surgery by offering insightful information on the role of AI in delivering value-based healthcare.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.47709/ijmdsa.v2i1.2394","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a24e3e630afc2f94096faea45081d735c102e7ba","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.itscience.org/index.php/ijmdsa/article/download/2394/1851","is_open_access":true,"citations":29,"published_at":"","score":67.87}],"total":5263552,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["DOAJ","arXiv","CrossRef","Semantic Scholar"],"query":"Orthopedic surgery"}