{"results":[{"id":"arxiv_2604.03311","title":"PollutionNet: A Vision Transformer Framework for Climatological Assessment of NO$_2$ and SO$_2$ Using Satellite-Ground Data Fusion","authors":[{"name":"Prasanjit Dey"},{"name":"Soumyabrata Dev"},{"name":"Bianca Schoen-Phelan"}],"abstract":"Accurate assessment of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO$_2$) and sulfur dioxide (SO$_2$) is essential for understanding climate-air quality interactions, supporting environmental policy, and protecting public health. Traditional monitoring approaches face limitations: satellite observations provide broad spatial coverage but suffer from data gaps, while ground-based sensors offer high temporal resolution but limited spatial extent. To address these challenges, we propose PollutionNet, a Vision Transformer-based framework that integrates Sentinel-5P TROPOMI vertical column density (VCD) data with ground-level observations. By leveraging self-attention mechanisms, PollutionNet captures complex spatiotemporal dependencies that are often missed by conventional CNN and RNN models. Applied to Ireland (2020-2021), our case study demonstrates that PollutionNet achieves state-of-the-art performance (RMSE: 6.89 $μ$g/m$^3$ for NO$_2$, 4.49 $μ$g/m$^3$ for SO$_2$), reducing prediction errors by up to 14% compared to baseline models. Beyond accuracy gains, PollutionNet provides a scalable and data-efficient tool for applied climatology, enabling robust pollution assessments in regions with sparse monitoring networks. These results highlight the potential of advanced machine learning approaches to enhance climate-related air quality research, inform environmental management, and support sustainable policy decisions.","source":"arXiv","year":2026,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.CV","physics.ao-ph"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.03311","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2604.03311","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2026-03-31T15:39:26Z","score":70},{"id":"doaj_10.1038/s44168-025-00214-9","title":"Non-state actor perceptions of legitimacy and meaningful participation in international climate governance","authors":[{"name":"Lisa Dellmuth"},{"name":"Maria-Therese Gustafsson"},{"name":"Suanne Mistel Segovia-Tzompa"}],"abstract":"Abstract There is a lively debate about the legitimacy of the international climate regime, as represented by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the quality of non-state actor participation in the regime. This commentary examines perceptions of involved non-state actors from 2021–2022 regarding their participation and regime legitimacy. The findings reveal no legitimacy crisis for the adaptation and mitigation regimes, but the surveyed NSAs are divided in their legitimacy beliefs. NSAs also express significant disappointment about their opportunities for participation.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Meteorology. Climatology","Environmental sciences"],"doi":"10.1038/s44168-025-00214-9","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44168-025-00214-9","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.34133/olar.0092","title":"Differentiating Southeast Asian Monsoon from East Asian Monsoon","authors":[{"name":"Song Yang"}],"abstract":"The Southeast Asian monsoon is characterized by many features that are distinct from those of the East Asian monsoon, including monsoon intensity and evolution. They are also influenced differently by external factors and affect global climate in diverse ways. Studies that consider these factors should yield a better understanding of both monsoon components.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Oceanography","Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.34133/olar.0092","url":"https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/olar.0092","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.1016/j.joclim.2025.100524","title":"Association of early pregnancy warm season exposure and neighborhood heat vulnerability with adverse maternal outcomes: A retrospective cohort study","authors":[{"name":"Melissa Blum"},{"name":"Donato DeIngeniis"},{"name":"Daniela K. Shill"},{"name":"Joanne Stone"},{"name":"Perry Sheffield"},{"name":"Yoko Nomura"}],"abstract":"Introduction: Rising ambient temperatures threaten vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, with urban populations bearing a greater risk due to the urban heat island effect. Here, we assessed the independent effects of trimester-specific warm season exposure during pregnancy and neighborhood heat vulnerability on maternal outcomes, including gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, genitourinary infections, and operative delivery. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 819 participants from the Stress in Pregnancy Study (2009–2014), a longitudinal birth cohort study in New York City. Generalized linear models examined associations between trimester-specific warm season exposure, New York City Heat Vulnerability Index (ranging 1-5), and adverse maternal outcomes, adjusting for demographics, parity, and substance use. Results: First trimester warm season exposure was associated with increased odds of gestational hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.50, 95%CI 1.17-17.27), preeclampsia (AOR 4.38, 95%CI 1.51-12.75), and genitourinary infection (AOR 2.27, 95%CI 1.14-4.51). Each unit increase in heat vulnerability index was associated with increased odds of preeclampsia (AOR 1.38, 95%CI 1.05-1.81) and genitourinary infection (AOR 1.32, 95%CI 1.11-1.57). Conclusions: Both early pregnancy warm weather exposure and neighborhood vulnerability independently increased the risk of adverse maternal complications. Our findings provide evidence in support of targeted heat mitigation strategies to limit heat exposure in at-risk communities as climate change progresses.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Public aspects of medicine","Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2025.100524","url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278225000690","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"arxiv_2504.09940","title":"TianQuan-S2S: A Subseasonal-to-Seasonal Global Weather Model via Incorporate Climatology State","authors":[{"name":"Guowen Li"},{"name":"Xintong Liu"},{"name":"Yang Liu"},{"name":"Mengxuan Chen"},{"name":"Shilei Cao"},{"name":"Xuehe Wang"},{"name":"Juepeng Zheng"},{"name":"Jinxiao Zhang"},{"name":"Haoyuan Liang"},{"name":"Lixian Zhang"},{"name":"Jiuke Wang"},{"name":"Meng Jin"},{"name":"Hong Cheng"},{"name":"Haohuan Fu"}],"abstract":"Accurate Subseasonal-to-Seasonal (S2S) forecasting is vital for decision-making in agriculture, energy production, and emergency management. However, it remains a challenging and underexplored problem due to the chaotic nature of the weather system. Recent data-driven studies have shown promising results, but their performance is limited by the inadequate incorporation of climate states and a model tendency to degrade, progressively losing fine-scale details and yielding over-smoothed forecasts. To overcome these limitations, we propose TianQuan-S2S, a global S2S forecasting model that integrates initial weather states with climatological means via incorporating climatology into patch embedding and enhancing variability capture through an uncertainty-augmented Transformer. Extensive experiments on the Earth Reanalysis 5 (ERA5) reanalysis dataset demonstrate that our model yields a significant improvement in both deterministic and ensemble forecasting over the climatology mean, traditional numerical methods, and data-driven models. Ablation studies empirically show the effectiveness of our model designs. Remarkably, our model outperforms skillful numerical ECMWF-S2S and advanced data-driven Fuxi-S2S in key meteorological variables. The code implementation can be found in https://github.com/zhangminglang42/TianQuan.","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.LG"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.09940","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.09940","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-04-14T07:02:34Z","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.1002/asl.1208","title":"Low cloud response to aerosol‐radiation‐cloud interactions: Idealized WRF numerical experiments for EUREC4A project","authors":[{"name":"Nazario Tartaglione"},{"name":"Fabien Desbiolles"},{"name":"Anna delMoral‐Méndez"},{"name":"Agostino N. Meroni"},{"name":"Anna Napoli"},{"name":"Matteo Borgnino"},{"name":"Antonio Parodi"},{"name":"Claudia Pasquero"}],"abstract":"Abstract Aerosols significantly affect cloud microphysics and energy budget in different ways. The contribution of the direct, semi‐direct, and indirect effects of aerosols on radiation are here investigated over the North Atlantic tropical ocean under different aerosol loadings. The Weather Research and Forecasting Model is used to perform a set of numerical idealized experiments, which are forced with prescribed aerosol profiles. We evaluate the effects of aerosols on modeled shallow clouds and surface radiative budget. The results indicate that large aerosol loadings are associated with enhanced cloudiness and reduced precipitation. While the change in rainfall is mainly due to the larger number of smaller droplets, the change in cloudiness is attributed to the effects of absorbing aerosols, mainly dust particles, which are responsible for a rise of temperature that feeds back onto specific humidity. As in the boundary layer the increase of moisture dominates, the net effect is a higher relative humidity, which favors the formation of thin low non‐precipitating clouds. The feedback accounts for a dynamical change in the lower troposphere: shortwave radiation absorption increases temperature at the top of the marine atmospheric boundary‐layer and reduces entrainment of warm and dry air, increasing low level moisture content. Despite the overall increase in cloudiness, daytime cloud cover is reduced. The semi‐direct effect of aerosols on clouds results in a warming of the surface, opposite to the indirect effect.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.1002/asl.1208","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.1208","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/atmos15121533","title":"Cyclone Classification over the South Atlantic Ocean in Centenary Reanalysis","authors":[{"name":"Eduardo Traversi de Cai Conrado"},{"name":"Rosmeri Porfírio da Rocha"},{"name":"Michelle Simões Reboita"},{"name":"Andressa Andrade Cardoso"}],"abstract":"Since the beginning of the satellite era, only three tropical cyclones have been recorded over the South Atlantic Ocean. To investigate the potential occurrence of such systems since the 1900s, ERA20C, a centennial reanalysis, was utilised. This study first evaluates the performance of ERA20C in reproducing the climatology of all cyclone types over the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean by comparing it with a modern reanalysis (ERA5) for the period 1979–2010. Despite its simpler construction, ERA20C is able to reproduce key climatological features, such as frequency, location, seasonality, intensity, and thermal structure of cyclones similar to ERA5. Then, the Cyclone Phase Space (CPS) methodology was applied to determine the thermal structure at each time step for every cyclone between 1900 and 2010 in ERA20C. The cyclones were then categorised into different types (extratropical, subtropical, and tropical), and systems exhibiting a warm core at their initial time step were classified as tropical cyclogenesis. Between 1900 and 2010, 96 cases of tropical cyclogenesis were identified over the South Atlantic. Additionally, throughout the lifetime of all cyclones, a total of 1838 time steps exhibited a tropical structure, indicating that cyclones can acquire a warm core at different stages of their lifecycle. The coasts of southeastern and southern sectors of northeast Brazil emerged as the most favourable for cyclones with tropical structures during their lifecycle. The findings of this study highlight the occurrence of tropical cyclones in the South Atlantic prior to the satellite era, providing a foundation for future research into the physical mechanisms that enabled these events.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.3390/atmos15121533","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/12/1533","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/atmos15091026","title":"Long-Term Validation of Aeolus Level-2B Winds in the Brazilian Amazon","authors":[{"name":"Alexandre Calzavara Yoshida"},{"name":"Patricia Cristina Venturini"},{"name":"Fábio Juliano da Silva Lopes"},{"name":"Eduardo Landulfo"}],"abstract":"The Atmospheric Dynamics Mission ADM-Aeolus was successfully launched in August 2018 by the European Space Agency (ESA). The Aeolus mission carried a single instrument, the first-ever Doppler wind lidar (DWL) in space, called Atmospheric LAser Doppler INstrument (ALADIN). Aeolus circled the Earth, providing vertical profiles of horizontal line-of-sight (HLOS) winds on a global scale. The Aeolus satellite’s measurements filled critical gaps in existing wind observations, particularly in remote regions such as the Brazilian Amazon. This area, characterized by dense rainforests and rich biodiversity, is essential for global climate dynamics. The weather patterns of the Amazon are influenced by atmospheric circulation driven by Hadley cells and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which are crucial for the distribution of moisture and heat from the equator to the subtropics. The data provided by Aeolus can significantly enhance our understanding of these complex atmospheric processes. In this long-term validation study, we used radiosonde data collected from three stations in the Brazilian Amazon (Cruzeiro do Sul, Porto Velho, and Rio Branco) as a reference to assess the accuracy of the Level 2B (L2B) Rayleigh-clear and Mie-cloudy wind products. Statistical validation was conducted by comparing Aeolus L2B wind products and radiosonde data covering the period from October 2018 to March 2023 for Cruzeiro do Sul and Porto Velho, and from October 2018 to December 2022 for Rio Branco. Considering all available collocated winds, including all stations, a Pearson’s coefficient \u003cinline-formula\u003e\u003cmath xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"\u003e\u003csemantics\u003e\u003cmrow\u003e\u003cmo\u003e(\u003c/mo\u003e\u003cmi\u003er\u003c/mi\u003e\u003cmo\u003e)\u003c/mo\u003e\u003c/mrow\u003e\u003c/semantics\u003e\u003c/math\u003e\u003c/inline-formula\u003e of 0.73 was observed in Rayleigh-clear and 0.85 in Mie-cloudy wind products, revealing a strong correlation between Aeolus and radiosonde winds, suggesting that Aeolus wind products are reliable for capturing wind profiles in the studied region. The observed biases were −0.14 m/s for Rayleigh-clear and −0.40 m/s for Mie-cloudy, fulfilling the mission requirement of having absolute biases below 0.7 m/s. However, when analyzed annually, in 2022, the bias for Rayleigh-clear was −0.95 m/s, which did not meet the mission requirements.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.3390/atmos15091026","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/9/1026","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"arxiv_2409.03211","title":"Project Severe Weather Archive of the Philippines (SWAP). Part 1: Establishing a Baseline Climatology for Severe Weather across the Philippine Archipelago","authors":[{"name":"Generich H. Capuli"}],"abstract":"Because of the rudimentary reporting methods and general lack of documentation, the creation of a severe weather database within the Philippines has been difficult yet relevant target for climatology purposes and historical interest. Previous online severe weather documentation i.e. of tornadoes, waterspouts, and hail events, has also often been few, inconsistent, inactive, or is now completely decommissioned. Several countries or continents support severe weather information through either government-sponsored or independent organizations. For this work, Project SWAP stands as a collaborative exercise, with clear data attribution and open avenues for augmentation, and the creation of a common data model to store the phenomenon's information will assist in maintaining and updating the aforementioned online archive in the Philippines. This paper presents the methods necessary for creating the SWAP database, provide broader climatological analysis of spatio-temporal patterns in severe weather occurrence within the Philippine context, and outline potential use cases for the data. We also highlight the project's current limitations as is to any other existing and far larger database, and emphasize the need for understanding these events' and their mesoscale environments, inline to the current severe weather climatologies across the globe.","source":"arXiv","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.ao-ph"],"doi":"10.4401/ag-9151","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.03211","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.03211","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2024-09-05T03:15:46Z","score":68},{"id":"arxiv_2403.07016","title":"A Field-Mill Proxy Climatology for the Lightning Launch Commit Criteria at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and NASA Kennedy Space Center","authors":[{"name":"Shane Gardner"},{"name":"Edward White"},{"name":"Brent Langhals"},{"name":"Todd McNamara"},{"name":"William Roeder"},{"name":"Alfred E. Thal"}],"abstract":"The Lightning Launch Commit Criteria (LLCC) are a set of complex rules to avoid natural and rocket-triggered lightning strikes to in-flight space launch vehicles. The LLCC are the leading source of scrubs and delays to space launches from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) and NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC). An LLCC climatology would be useful for designing launch concept of operations, mission planning, long-range forecasting, training, and setting LLCC improvement priorities. Unfortunately, an LLCC climatology has not been available for CCAFS/KSC. Attempts have been made to develop such a climatology, but they have not been entirely successful. The main shortfall has been the lack of a long continuous record of LLCC evaluations. Even though CCAFS/KSC is the world's busiest spaceport, the record of LLCC evaluations is not detailed enough to create the climatology. As a potential solution, the research in this study developed a proxy climatology of LLCC violations by using the long continuous record of surface electric field mills at CCAFS/KSC.","source":"arXiv","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.ao-ph","astro-ph.IM","physics.ins-det"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.07016","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.07016","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2024-03-09T17:13:03Z","score":68},{"id":"arxiv_2409.17668","title":"A Database Engineered System for Big Data Analytics on Tornado Climatology","authors":[{"name":"Fengfan Bian"},{"name":"Carson K. Leung"},{"name":"Piers Grenier"},{"name":"Harry Pu"},{"name":"Samuel Ning"},{"name":"Alfredo Cuzzocrea"}],"abstract":"Recognizing the challenges with current tornado warning systems, we investigate alternative approaches. In particular, we present a database engi-neered system that integrates information from heterogeneous rich data sources, including climatology data for tornadoes and data just before a tornado warning. The system aids in predicting tornado occurrences by identifying the data points that form the basis of a tornado warning. Evaluation on US data highlights the advantages of using a classification forecasting recurrent neural network (RNN) model. The results highlight the effectiveness of our database engineered system for big data analytics on tornado climatology-especially, in accurately predict-ing tornado lead-time, magnitude, and location, contributing to the development of sustainable cities.","source":"arXiv","year":2024,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.DB"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.17668","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.17668","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2024-09-26T09:26:19Z","score":68},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/atmos14061047","title":"Eight-Day Typhoon Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts in Taiwan by the 2.5 km CReSS Model, Part II: Reduced Control of Track Errors on Rainfall Prediction Quality for Typhoons Associated with Southwesterly Flow","authors":[{"name":"Chung-Chieh Wang"},{"name":"Wei-Kuo Soong"},{"name":"Chih-Wei Chien"},{"name":"Chih-Sheng Chang"},{"name":"Shin-Yi Huang"}],"abstract":"Due to the enhancement by its steep mesoscale topography, the overall rainfall amount and distribution in Taiwan from typhoons, to a first degree, are determined by the storm track relative to the island. Therefore, the quality of typhoon quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) from numerical models is often controlled by track errors, with better quality from those with smaller track errors. However, the present work demonstrates that in daily QPFs over Taiwan made by a cloud-resolving model during five seasons of 2012–2016, targeted for 84 days during 27 typhoons and at ranges of day one (0–24 h) to day eight (168–192 h), the control of track errors on QPF quality is reduced for typhoons associated with southwesterly flow, compared to those without, and decent QPFs could still be obtained with large track errors in some cases. Subsequently, the circumstances and reasons for good (or bad) QPFs in selected examples are further investigated to deepen our understanding of typhoon QPFs in Taiwan. Some common ingredients are found in three cases where good QPFs were produced at a longer range (day 7 or 8) without a good track: these typhoons passed near northern Taiwan and the southwesterly flow prevailed over much of the island during the accumulation period. Responsible for much of the rainfall in Taiwan, the southwesterly flow was reasonably captured, resulting in good QPFs. In another example where the typhoon moved across southern Taiwan, on the contrary, the rainfall was produced by the storm’s circulation, and the QPF was degraded without a good enough track prediction.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.3390/atmos14061047","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/6/1047","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/atmos14121728","title":"Design and Verification of Assessment Tool of Shortwave Communication Interference Impact Area","authors":[{"name":"Guojin He"},{"name":"Shengyun Ji"},{"name":"Rongjun Wu"},{"name":"Qiao Yu"},{"name":"Yanan Liu"},{"name":"Yafei Shi"},{"name":"Na Li"}],"abstract":"In the field of electronic communication warfare, accurately predicting the range and intensity of shortwave interference signals presents a significant challenge due to the complex interplay between the ionospheric parameters and the electromagnetic environment. To address this challenge, we designed a novel tool to assess the interference impact area of shortwave interference signals in a dynamically changing ionospheric environment. Considering sophisticated ionospheric radio wave propagation models and innovative spatial grid methods, this tool finishes the comprehensive spatial distribution of the interference impact area and delivers grid-based insights into the interference intensity. Furthermore, the test verification of the tool demonstrated a mean error of 8.42 dB between the measured and simulated results, underscoring the efficacy and reliability of this tool. This pioneering work is poised to make substantial contributions to the field of communication electronic warfare and holds significant promise for guiding the development of interference countermeasures.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.3390/atmos14121728","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/12/1728","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2306.12016","title":"A Radar-Based Hail Climatology of Australia","authors":[{"name":"Jordan P. Brook"},{"name":"Joshua S. Soderholm"},{"name":"Alain Protat"},{"name":"Hamish McGowan"},{"name":"Robert A. Warren"}],"abstract":"In Australia, hailstorms present considerable public safety and economic risks, where they are considered the most damaging natural hazard in terms of annual insured losses. Despite these impacts, the current climatological distribution of hailfall across the continent is still comparatively poorly understood. This study aims to supplement previous national hail climatologies, such as those based on environmental proxies or satellite radiometer data, with more direct radar-based hail observations. The heterogeneous and incomplete nature of the Australian radar network complicates this task and prompts the introduction of some novel methodological elements. We introduce an empirical correction technique to account for hail reflectivity biases at C-band, derived by comparing overlapping C- and S-band observations. Furthermore, we demonstrate how object-based hail swath analysis may be used to produce resolution-invariant hail frequencies, and describe an interpolation method used to create a spatially continuous hail climatology. The Maximum Estimated Size of Hail (MESH) parameter is then applied to a mixture of over fifty operational radars in the Australian radar archive, resulting in the first nationwide, radar-based hail climatology. The spatiotemporal distribution of hailstorms is examined, including their physical characteristics, seasonal and diurnal frequency, and regional variations of such properties across the continent.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.ao-ph"],"doi":"10.1175/MWR-D-23-0130.1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.12016","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.12016","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-06-21T04:46:17Z","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2307.08909","title":"The Climatological Renewable Energy Deviation Index (CREDI)","authors":[{"name":"Laurens P. Stoop"},{"name":"Karin van der Wiel"},{"name":"William Zappa"},{"name":"Arno Haverkamp"},{"name":"Ad J. Feelders"},{"name":"Machteld van den Broek"}],"abstract":"We propose an index to quantify and analyse the impact of climatological variability on the energy system at different timescales. We define the Climatological Renewable Energy Deviation Index (CREDI) as the cumulative anomaly of a renewable resource with respect to its climate over a specific time period of interest. For this we introduce the smooth, yet physical, hourly rolling window climatology that captures the expected hourly to yearly behaviour of renewable resources. We analyse the presented index at decadal, annual and (sub-)seasonal timescales for a sample region and discuss scientific and practical implications.   CREDI is meant as an analytical tool for researchers and stakeholders to help them quantify, understand, and explain, the impact of energy-meteorological variability on future energy system. Improved understanding translates to better assessments of how renewable resources, and the associated risks for energy security, may fare in current and future climatological settings. The practical use of the index is in resource planning. For example transmission system operators may be able to adjust short-term planning to reduce adequacy issues before they occur or combine the index with storyline event selection for improved assessments of climate change related risks.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.ao-ph","physics.soc-ph"],"doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad27b9","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.08909","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.08909","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-07-18T00:49:09Z","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2212.04081","title":"Changepoint Methods in Climatology","authors":[{"name":"Robert B. Lund"},{"name":"Xueheng Shi"}],"abstract":"Changepoint methods have multiple uses in climatology, including stationary checks and record homogenization. There are still many open problems in the area, especially in the multiple changepoint setting, and statisticians are needed to help develop the methods and analyze the data.","source":"arXiv","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":["stat.ME"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.04081","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.04081","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2022-12-08T05:22:31Z","score":66},{"id":"doaj_10.1017/jog.2021.117","title":"JOG volume 67 issue 266 Cover and Back matter","authors":null,"abstract":"","source":"DOAJ","year":2021,"language":"","subjects":["Environmental sciences","Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.1017/jog.2021.117","url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143021001179/type/journal_article","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":65},{"id":"arxiv_2111.14167","title":"Remarks on the Radiative Transfer Equations for Climatology","authors":[{"name":"Claude Bardos"},{"name":"Francois Golse"},{"name":"Olivier Pironneau"}],"abstract":"Using theoretical and numerical arguments we discuss some of the commonly accepted approximations for the radiative transfer equations in climatology.","source":"arXiv","year":2021,"language":"en","subjects":["math.AP","math-ph","math.NA"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.14167","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.14167","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2021-11-28T15:09:11Z","score":65},{"id":"doaj_10.1590/0102-7786344063","title":"Modeling of H2S Dispersion in Brazil with Aermod: Case Study of Water Resource Recovery Facility In South of Brazil","authors":[{"name":"Matheus Ribeiro Augusto"},{"name":"Bruno Campos"},{"name":"Vanessa Silveira Barreto Carvalho"},{"name":"Herlane Costa Calheiros"}],"abstract":"Abstract Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) can be source of odorous gases. We analyzed the emission and dispersion of hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S), odor indicator, produced during the anaerobic treatment of wastewaters, using WATER9 and AERMOD models for two distinct events: August 2013 and February-March 2014. Data from two WRRF in Brazil were used to feed the model and a statistical data validation was performed, followed by an evaluation of model results regarding H2S emission and dispersion. Daily peak events and averages over the two periods were calculated. Results show a good performance from the model in comparison to the observations. Moreover, odor plumes typically reached 2-4 km from their sources and they may be strongly affected by atmospheric stability/instability conditions in the events analyzed and, in general, only the residences at the vicinity of WRRF were affected by the pollutant odor. Finally, the methodology presented showed to be feasible and realistic for purposes of WRRF planning and management.","source":"DOAJ","year":2020,"language":"","subjects":["Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.1590/0102-7786344063","url":"http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbmet/v34n4/0102-7786-rbmet-34-04-0063.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbmet/v34n4/0102-7786-rbmet-34-04-0063.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":64},{"id":"doaj_10.1590/0102-7786352001","title":"Calibration and Validation of the AquaCrop Model to Estimate Maize Production in Campos Gerais, Paraná State, Brazil","authors":[{"name":"Jorge Luiz Moretti de Souza"},{"name":"Cibelle Tamiris de Oliveira"},{"name":"Stefanie Lais Kreutz Rosa"},{"name":"Rodrigo Yoiti Tsukahara"}],"abstract":"Abstract Crop productivity evaluation with models simulations can help in the prediction of harvests and in the understanding of the interactions resulting from the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. The aim of this study was to calibrate and validate the AquaCrop model for maize crop in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Campos Gerais region, Paraná State, Brazil. The analyses were carried out for maize crop with model input data (climate, crop, soil and soil management) obtained from the ABC Foundation Experimental Station in Castro, Ponta Grossa and Socavão. The climate in the region is humid subtropical, with rainfall evenly distributed. The relief varies from flat to gently undulating. The period analyzed in the calibration and validation process comprised 2011 to 2016 and 2012 to 2016 harvests, respectively. The data used in the calibration of AquaCrop was different from those used in the validation process. Observed and simulated yields were evaluated by simple linear regression analyses, absolute and relative errors, correlation coefficient (r), concordance (d) and performance (c) indexes. The calibration of AquaCrop was satisfactory in the locations studied for maize crop, obtaining absolute errors varying from 6 to 121 kg ha–1. The highest calibration errors occurred in Castro. However, the errors were not enough to reduce the performance in the validation process for this localitie. The model validation resulted in “excellent” performance in all locations evaluated. The AquaCrop can be used to predict the maize yield with acceptable accuracy in the Campos Gerais Region, Paraná State, Brazil.","source":"DOAJ","year":2020,"language":"","subjects":["Meteorology. Climatology"],"doi":"10.1590/0102-7786352001","url":"http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbmet/v35n2/0102-7786-rbmet-35-0001.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbmet/v35n2/0102-7786-rbmet-35-0001.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":64}],"total":125573,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["DOAJ","arXiv","CrossRef"],"query":"Meteorology. Climatology"}