{"results":[{"id":"doaj_10.1186/s10194-026-02332-z","title":"Evolution of use and overuse of triptans in Austria – What has changed in the last 15 years?","authors":[{"name":"Katharina Kaltseis"},{"name":"Sarah Maier"},{"name":"Karin Zebenholzer"},{"name":"Michael Thomas Eller"},{"name":"Lena Gufler"},{"name":"Florian Frank"},{"name":"Gregor Broessner"}],"abstract":"Abstract Background Triptans are highly effective acute treatments for migraine attacks, yet population-level data suggest persistent underuse. Updated real-world data on triptan use and overuse in Austria are lacking. Methods This nationwide, retrospective claims-based study analysed triptan use and overuse in Austria in 2023. Adults (≥ 18 years) with at least one dispensed triptan were identified. Triptan overuse was defined as the dispensing of ≥ 30 defined daily doses (DDDs) in at least one quarter, consistent with the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3) criteria. Data on demographics, preventive migraine therapies, antidepressant use, sick leave, and hospital admissions were assessed and compared with data from 2007 using identical methodology. Results Among 7.75 million insured adults, 63,729 individuals (0.82%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and used triptans, representing a 46% increase since 2007. However, this corresponds to an estimated number of approximately 8% of individuals with migraine. Triptan overuse more than doubled compared with 2007 (12.5% vs. 5.9%) and was associated with older age, with the largest proportion of overusers being 51–65 years old. Overusers showed substantially higher use of preventive therapies, including anti-calcitonin-gene-related-peptide (CGRP) antibodies (21.8% vs. 9.7%), and antidepressants (24.8% vs. 19.9%) (all p \u003c 0.001). Hospital admissions were slightly more frequent among overusers, whereas sick-leave days were less frequent in this group. Women were more likely than men to use triptans, anti-CGRP antibodies, and antidepressants. Conclusion Despite increased triptan use over the past 15 years, overall utilization in Austria remains low, while the percentage of patients with triptan overuse has more than doubled. Preventive migraine therapies remain infrequently prescribed. Higher rates of hospital admissions and concomitant antidepressant use may indicate a greater overall disease burden among triptan overusers. Graphical Abstract","source":"DOAJ","year":2026,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1186/s10194-026-02332-z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-026-02332-z","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":70},{"id":"doaj_10.15825/1995-1191-2025-2-46-53","title":"Kidney transplant program in Irkutsk Region","authors":[{"name":"A. V. Novozhilov"},{"name":"S. E. Grigoriev"},{"name":"O. Yu. Yakovleva"},{"name":"S. A. Yezhikeev"}],"abstract":"Introduction. Kidney transplantation (KT) is often considered the best option for renal replacement therapy (RRT), significantly improving patient outcomes. Post-transplant, life expectancy doubles, and mortality decreases more than 4-fold compared to other RRT modalities. This article presents KT outcomes in Irkutsk Region from 2018 to 2023. All procedures were performed at a single center – the Irkutsk Regional Clinical Hospital.Objective: to analyze the immediate and long-term outcomes of KT in Irkutsk Region.Material and methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the treatment outcomes of 125 patients with kidney failure (KF). Among them, 74 were men with a median age of 42 (35–49) years, and 51 were women with a median age of 46 (37–55) years. The median transplant waitlist time was 15.5 (range: 6–32) months. The leading cause of KF was chronic glomerulonephritis, observed in 60 patients (48%). There were no HLA matches in 36 patients (28.8%), while 38 patients (30.4%) had one match. Arterial anastomosis was primarily performed end-to-end with the external iliac artery in 121 cases (96.8%), while in 3 cases (2.4%), the internal iliac artery was used due to external iliac artery spasm. Cold ischemia time was 222 minutes (range: 162–360), and warm ischemia time was 39 minutes (range: 30–46).Results. Length of hospital stay was 16 (range: 13–25) bed days. Primary renal function was achieved in 95 patients (77%), while 25 patients (20%) experienced delayed graft function. Blood tacrolimus reached target levels by postoperative days 9–12. Creatinine level at discharge was 120 μmol/L (range: 97–165). Surgical complications occurred in 24 patients (19.2%), while urinary tract infections were observed in 36 patients (28.8%), with 17 cases (13.6%) presenting clinical symptoms. Immunosuppressive therapy was initiated in 124 patients (99.2%) using a standard triple-drug regimen (calcineurin inhibitors, mycophenolates, and glucocorticoids). One patient (0.8%) succumbed to complications from COVID-19. One-year graft survival was 94.1%.Conclusion. The immediate outcomes align with national averages. There is a consistent upward trend in the number of kidney transplants performed. Further development of the regional transplant program will enhance access to this high-tech medical service, meeting the needs of the local population.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Surgery"],"doi":"10.15825/1995-1191-2025-2-46-53","url":"https://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/1933","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.1186/s12889-024-19912-w","title":"Evolution of psychological distress with age and its determinants in later life: evidence from 17-wave social survey data in Japan","authors":[{"name":"Takashi Oshio"}],"abstract":"Abstract Background Psychological distress (PD) is a major risk factor for mental health among middle-aged and older adults and affects their quality of life and well-being. This study aimed to examine the evolution of PD with age and the relative importance of its determinants, issues that have been insufficiently studied. Methods We used longitudinal data obtained from 17-wave social surveys conducted in Japan from 2005 to 2021, to track 34,128 individuals (16,555 men and 17,573 women) born between 1946 and 1955. We defined PD as a Kessler 6 score (range: 0–24) ≥ 5 and estimated fixed-effects regression models to examine the evolution of its proportion with age. We also conducted a mediation analysis to examine the relative importance of specific mediators such as self-rated health (SRH), activities of daily living (ADL), and social participation, in the association between age and PD. Results Regression model results confirmed an increase in PD with age. Poor SRH, issues with ADL, and no social participation were key mediators of aging on PD, accounting for 34.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.0–47.3%), 13.7% (95% CI: 8.2–19.3%), and 10.5% (95% CI: 8.0–13.0%), respectively; consequently increasing PD between 50 and 75 years. Conclusion The results suggest the need for policy support to encourage middle-aged and older adults to promote health and increase social participation in order to prevent depression while aging.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Public aspects of medicine"],"doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-19912-w","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19912-w","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"doaj_10.22034/ijism.2022.1977746.0","title":"Social Network Analysis of Editorial Board Interlocking Phenomena from the Perspective of Astronomy and Astrophysics Journals","authors":[{"name":"Farshid Danesh"},{"name":"Samaneh Kesht Karan"},{"name":"Lili Banihashemi"},{"name":"Somayeh GhaviDel"}],"abstract":"Editorial board members (EBMs) of journals play a pivotal role in authentic international scientific journals. Editorial Board Interlocking (EBI) phenomenon reflects the effectiveness and importance of the scholarly journal's editorial boards in various scientific fields. The primary purpose of this paper is to conduct a Social Network Analysis (SNA) of EBI phenomena from the perspective of astronomy and astrophysics journals. The present study is applied research based on EBI, SNA, and the descriptive-analytical approach. The statistical population of this study consists of the editorial board members of all journals of astronomy and astrophysics indexed in the JCR and official journal websites. There are 1597 job positions in 67 astronomy and astrophysics journals occupied by the 1394 scholars. Data analysis shows EBI for 95 scholars and 79 organizations. \"Aleksei A. Starobinsky\" from Russia and the Russian Academy of Sciences, \"Daniel J. Scheeres\" from the United States, and the University of Colorado Boulder have the highest EBI contributions in five journals. \"Daniel J. Scheeres,\" with a centrality of 39, has the highest degree of centrality measurement among the EBMs. The presence of more than five times as many men as women indicates that astronomy and astrophysics journals are considered \"masculine\" by the editorial board. The EBI phenomenon is observed in astronomy and astrophysics journals due to the limited number of peop le eligible for the editorial board. Due to EBI, a limited number of famous scholars are made macro-policies such as publishing the articles, referees selections, and the reviewing process. Astronomy and astrophysics journals have \"elite\" academic networks. Gender inequality exists among EBMs, and the majority of them are male. Accordingly, these journals are \"men's journals.\"","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Information resources (General)","Transportation and communications"],"doi":"10.22034/ijism.2022.1977746.0","url":"https://ijism.ricest.ac.ir/article_700756_9208d514293adf1eaa17de5955477120.pdf","pdf_url":"https://ijism.ricest.ac.ir/article_700756_9208d514293adf1eaa17de5955477120.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.22034/tru.2023.426900.1167","title":"Investigating Genetic and Environmental Factors in Testicular Cancer’s Development: A Review Study","authors":[{"name":"Akram Amani"}],"abstract":"Testicular cancer (TC) is among the specific clinical problems of our time. Current therapy is highly effective, confirming 5-year disease-free survival in approximately 95% of ill people. TC is a prevalent type of cancer diagnosed in males between 14 and 44 ages, with an incidence of less than 1 in 9.9 cases per 100,000 men nationwide, but the total number of TC. Increase worldwide. In addition, the danger of expanding cancer in people with cancer during 15 years after diagnosis is 2%. These complicated and different conditions must be found in the clinical evidence base. Genetic, environmental, and hormonal elements are related to developing diseases and disorders in response to treatment and danger of relapse. This research discusses current topics that explain the relative contribution of the problems mentioned above to TC development. Additionally, we pay attention to environmental chemicals and heat exposure, their function in cancer development, and recent advances at the molecular level have been studied.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology"],"doi":"10.22034/tru.2023.426900.1167","url":"http://www.transresurology.com/article_184453_a37742fbfbb8e00c5d21f6962ec537e2.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.transresurology.com/article_184453_a37742fbfbb8e00c5d21f6962ec537e2.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.3390/bs12110422","title":"Burnout, Resilience and Self-Esteem in School Teaching University Students","authors":[{"name":"Antonio Fernández-Castillo"},{"name":"María J. Fernández-Prados"}],"abstract":"Burnout syndrome seems to involve fatigue that is characterised by loss of motivation, lack of energy, and some apathy as a consequence of continued exposure to stress in demanding performance circumstances. Background: The goal of the present study is to analyse the relationship between burnout in university students with a degree in Teaching and some variables that may be associated with it such as self-esteem, resilience or age. Methods: A total of 1547 graduate students enrolled in the career of Teaching in the Faculty of Educational Sciences of the University of Granada, Spain, participated in the study. Of them, 337 (21.8%) were men, 1195 (77.3%) were women, 14 (0.9%) indicated other gender options, and 1 (0%) did not respond to this item. The mean age of the participants was 20.52. Results: The results show that low levels of self-esteem and resilience, are the variables that best predict the increase in burnout in students of Teaching. Conclusions: Findings are discussed regarding applied implications and the need for future research. Intervention initiatives focused on enhancing personal strengths such as resilience or self-esteem can help students to cope with the stress associated with demanding educational situations and thus reduce the presence of burnout.","source":"DOAJ","year":2022,"language":"","subjects":["Psychology"],"doi":"10.3390/bs12110422","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/12/11/422","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":66},{"id":"doaj_10.1080/13685538.2022.2061452","title":"The number of androgen receptor CAG repeats and mortality in men","authors":[{"name":"Adrian Heald"},{"name":"Michael Cook"},{"name":"Leen Antonio"},{"name":"Dirk Vanderschueren"},{"name":"Ahmed Javed"},{"name":"Helene Fachim"},{"name":"Geoff Hackett"},{"name":"Fred Wu"},{"name":"Terence O’Neill"}],"abstract":"Introduction The androgen receptor (AR) mediates peripheral effects of testosterone. Evidence suggests that the number of CAG repeats in exon-1 of the AR gene negatively correlates with AR transcriptional activity. The aim of this analysis was to determine the association between CAG repeat number and mortality in men. Methods Men aged 40–79 years were recruited from primary care for participation in the UK arm of the European Male Aging Study between 2003 and 2005. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to determine the association between CAG repeat number/mortality. Results were expressed as hazard ratios(HR)/95% confidence intervals (CI). Results 312 men were followed up. The mean baseline age was 59.5 years. At follow up, 85/312(27%) men had died. CAG repeat length ranged from 14 to 39, with the highest proportion of CAG repeat number at 21 repeats(16.4%). In a multivariable model, using men with CAG repeat numbers of 22-23 as the reference, men with a lower number of CAG repeats(\u003c22) showed a trend for a higher mortality in the follow-up period (HR 1.46 (0.75, 2.81)) as did men with higher number of repeats (\u003e23) (1.37 (0.65, 2.91)). Conclusion Our data suggest that CAG repeat number may partially influence the risk of mortality in men. Further larger studies are required to quantify the effect.","source":"DOAJ","year":2022,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine (General)","Physiology"],"doi":"10.1080/13685538.2022.2061452","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13685538.2022.2061452","pdf_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13685538.2022.2061452","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":66},{"id":"doaj_Gender+Differences+in+the+Association+Between+Serum+Uric+Acid+and+Arteriosclerotic+Cardiovascular+Risk+Among+Chinese+Type+2+Diabetes+Mellitus+Patients","title":"Gender Differences in the Association Between Serum Uric Acid and Arteriosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Among Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients","authors":[{"name":"Yang H"},{"name":"Gao J"},{"name":"Li S"},{"name":"Xia H"},{"name":"Chen Z"},{"name":"Zhu S"},{"name":"Pan Z"}],"abstract":"Hua Yang,1,* Jian Gao,2,* Shuyu Li,1 Huiling Xia,1 Zhangyan Chen,1 Shanzhu Zhu,1 Zhigang Pan1 1Department of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, People\u0026rsquo;s Republic of China; 2Department of Nutrition, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, People\u0026rsquo;s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shanzhu Zhu; Zhigang PanDepartment of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 180, Road Fenglin, Shanghai, 200030, People\u0026rsquo;s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13501770447; +86 13681971967Email shanzhu_zhu@163.com; zhigang_pan@163.comBackground and Objectives: Serum uric acid (sUA) level has been reported to be associated with arteriosclerotic cardiovascular risk, yet remains poorly defined in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate gender differences in the association between sUA level and arteriosclerotic cardiovascular risk in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in six community health service centers in Shanghai, China from December 2014 to December 2016. A stratified random sampling method was used to recruit participants. From a total of 3977 type 2 diabetic patients, 2537 were included for the analysis of the association between sUA level and arteriosclerotic cardiovascular risk. Clinical and biochemical data were obtained from participants. Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular risk was evaluated by the ten-year risk profile for arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The associations between sUA level and arteriosclerotic cardiovascular risk were assessed via multiple logistic regression.Results: Of the 2537 participants, the average sUA level was 317\u0026plusmn; 77umol/L in men and 294\u0026plusmn; 73 umol/L in women, and 54.8% (1391/2537) of participants had high ten-year risk of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), which was \u0026ge; 20%. High ten-year risk of ASCVD odds ratio was increased by 1.596 (95% CI, 1.113\u0026ndash; 2.289, p for trend 0.004) comparing fourth to first quartiles of sUA in women. However, no significant association was found between sUA and high ten-year risk of ASCVD in men.Conclusion: This community-based study indicated that sUA levels were independently associated with high ten-year risk of ASCVD in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but not in men.Keywords: serum uric acid, ten-year risk, arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus","source":"DOAJ","year":2021,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine (General)"],"url":"https://www.dovepress.com/gender-differences-in-the-association-between-serum-uric-acid-and-arte-peer-reviewed-article-IJGM","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":65},{"id":"doaj_10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01338","title":"Early virtual reality adopters in Spain: sociodemographic profile and interest in the use of virtual reality as a learning tool","authors":[{"name":"Roberto Sánchez-Cabrero"},{"name":"Óscar Costa-Román"},{"name":"Francisco Javier Pericacho-Gómez"},{"name":"Miguel Ángel Novillo-López"},{"name":"Amaya Arigita-García"},{"name":"Amelia Barrientos-Fernández"}],"abstract":"This study describes the social and demographic profile of the first generation of users of marketed virtual reality (VR) viewers in Spain and, subsequently, it assesses the interest in its use as a learning tool. For that purpose, an online questionnaire created ad hoc was administered to a sample of 117 participants. The relationship between twelve variables was analysed comparing means through the Snedecor's F distribution and the contingency tables through the Chi-squared test and Somers' D. Among other issues, it was concluded that the virtual reality user profile at present corresponds to a person older than 36, mainly men, with higher education and having acquired their viewer no longer than one year ago. Concerning the interests of virtual reality users as a learning tool, only a few of them currently use virtual reality for this aim, but they mainly show an interest in using the virtual reality as a learning method and they feel optimism regarding the future use of this technology as a learning tool. However, this is not the case among users of video game consoles (PSVR), who are mainly men not interested in their use as a learning tool at present. Finally, it can be stated that current use as a learning tool among teachers and students is occasional and preferably via smartphones.","source":"DOAJ","year":2019,"language":"","subjects":["Science (General)","Social sciences (General)"],"doi":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01338","url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844018352095","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":63},{"id":"doaj_10.1186/s13075-019-2018-4","title":"A distinct gut microbiota composition in patients with ankylosing spondylitis is associated with increased levels of fecal calprotectin","authors":[{"name":"Eva Klingberg"},{"name":"Maria K. Magnusson"},{"name":"Hans Strid"},{"name":"Anna Deminger"},{"name":"Arne Ståhl"},{"name":"Johanna Sundin"},{"name":"Magnus Simrén"},{"name":"Hans Carlsten"},{"name":"Lena Öhman"},{"name":"Helena Forsblad-d’Elia"}],"abstract":"Abstract Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) shares many characteristics with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Intestinal microbiota most likely plays an important role in the development of IBDs and may also be involved in the pathogenesis of AS. We aimed to define and compare the fecal microbiota composition in patients with AS, ulcerative colitis (UC), and healthy controls (HC) and to determine relationships between fecal microbiota, fecal calprotectin, and disease-related variables in AS. Methods Fecal microbiota composition was assessed with GA-map™ Dysbiosis Test (Genetic Analysis, Oslo, Norway), which also reports the degree of deviation of the microbiota composition compared with a healthy control population, a Dysbiosis Index (DI) score 1–5. The AS patients were assessed with questionnaires, back mobility tests, fecal calprotectin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results Totally, 150 patients with AS (55% men, median age 55.5 years, median BASDAI 3.2), 18 patients with UC (56% men, median age 30.5 years), and 17 HC (65% men, median age 22 years) were included. Principal component analysis showed highly separate clustering of fecal microbiota from the patients with AS, UC, and HC. Compared with HC, fecal microbiota in AS was characterized by a higher abundance of Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Bacilli, Streptococcus species, and Actinobacteria, but lower abundance of Bacteroides and Lachnospiraceae. Further, fecal microbiota composition differed between patients with normal (≤ 50 mg/kg, n = 57) and increased (≥ 200 mg/kg, n = 36) fecal calprotectin. Patients with increased fecal calprotectin had lower abundance of bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Clostridium and higher abundance of the genus Streptococcus. No association was found between the fecal microbiota composition and HLAB27 status, disease activity, function, or medication. Dysbiosis (defined as DI ≥ 3) was found in 87% of AS patients. Conclusions Patients with AS have a distinct fecal microbiota signature, which is linked to fecal calprotectin levels, a marker of intestinal inflammation, but not to other clinical parameters. These findings suggest a local interplay between intestinal microbiota and gut inflammation in AS. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00858819. Registered March 9, 2009.","source":"DOAJ","year":2019,"language":"","subjects":["Diseases of the musculoskeletal system"],"doi":"10.1186/s13075-019-2018-4","url":"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13075-019-2018-4","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":63},{"id":"doaj_10.1371/journal.pone.0197939","title":"HIV incidence among sexual health clinic attendees in England: First estimates for black African heterosexuals using a biomarker, 2009-2013.","authors":[{"name":"Adamma Aghaizu"},{"name":"Jennifer Tosswill"},{"name":"Daniela De Angelis"},{"name":"Helen Ward"},{"name":"Gwenda Hughes"},{"name":"Gary Murphy"},{"name":"Valerie Delpech"}],"abstract":"\u003ch4\u003eIntroduction\u003c/h4\u003eThe HIV epidemic in England is largely concentrated among heterosexuals who are predominately black African and men who have sex with men (MSM). We present for the first time trends in annual HIV incidence for adults attending sexual health clinics, where 80% of all HIV diagnoses are made.\u003ch4\u003eMethods\u003c/h4\u003eWe identified newly diagnosed incident HIV using a recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) consisting of a biomarker (AxSYM assay, modified to determine antibody avidity), epidemiological and clinical information. We estimated HIV incidence using the WHO RITA formula for cross-sectional studies, with HIV testing data from sexual health clinics as the denominator.\u003ch4\u003eResults\u003c/h4\u003eFrom 2009 to 2013, each year, between 9,700 and 26,000 black African heterosexuals (of between 161,000 and 231,000 heterosexuals overall) were included in analyses. For the same period, annually between 19,000 and 55,000 MSM were included. Estimates of HIV incidence among black Africans increased slightly (although non-significantly) from 0.15% (95% C.I.0.05%-0.26%) in 2009 to 0.19% (95% C.I.0.04%-0.34%) in 2013 and was 4-5-fold higher than among all heterosexuals among which it remained stable between 0.03% (95% C.I.0.02%-0.05%) and 0.05% (95% C.I.0.03%-0.07%) over the period. Among MSM incidence was highest and increased (non-significantly) from 1.24% (95%C.I 0.96-1.52%) to 1.46% (95% C.I 1.23%-1.70%) after a peak of 1.52% (95%C.I 1.30%-1.75%) in 2012.\u003ch4\u003eConclusion\u003c/h4\u003eThese are the first nationwide estimates for trends in HIV incidence among black African and heterosexual populations in England which show black Africans, alongside MSM, remain disproportionately at risk of infection. Although people attending sexual health clinics may not be representative of the general population, nearly half of black Africans and MSM had attended in the previous 5 years. Timely and accurate incidence estimates will be critical in monitoring the impact of the reconfiguration of sexual health services in England, and any prevention programmes such as pre-exposure prophylaxis.","source":"DOAJ","year":2018,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine","Science"],"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0197939","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197939","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":62},{"id":"doaj_10.15171/hpp.2017.38","title":"The metabolic equivalents of one-mile walking by older adults; implications for health promotion","authors":[{"name":"Mandy Lucinda Gault"},{"name":"Mark Elisabeth Theodorus Willems"}],"abstract":"Background: Instructions for older adults regarding the intensity of walking may not elicit an intensity to infer health gains. We recorded the metabolic equivalents (METs) during a 1-mile walk using constant and predicted values of resting MET in older adults to establish walking guidelines for health promotion and participation.Methods: In a cross-sectional design study, participants (15 men, 10 women) walked 1-mile over ground, in a wooden floored gymnasium, wearing the Cosmed K4b2 for measurement of energy expenditure. Constant or predicted values for resting MET were used to calculate the number of 1-mile walks to meet 450-750 MET∙min∙wk-1.Results: Participants had MET values higher than 3 for both methods, with 29% and 64% of the participants higher than 6 for a constant and predicted MET value, respectively. The METs of the1-mile walk were (mean ± SD) 6 ± 1 and 7 ± 1 METs using constant and predicted resting MET,and similar for men (constant: 6 ± 1 METs; predicted: 7 ± 1 METs) and women (constant: 5±1METs; predicted: 6 ± 1 METs) (P \u003e 0.05).Conclusion: Older adults that are instructed to walk 1-mile at a fast and constant pace meet the minimum required intensity for physical activity, and public health guidelines. Health professionals, that administer exercise, could encourage older adults to accumulate between six and nine 1-mile walks per week for health gains.","source":"DOAJ","year":2017,"language":"","subjects":["Nutrition. Foods and food supply","Public aspects of medicine"],"doi":"10.15171/hpp.2017.38","url":"http://hpp.tbzmed.ac.ir/PDF/hpp-7-216.pdf","pdf_url":"http://hpp.tbzmed.ac.ir/PDF/hpp-7-216.pdf","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":61},{"id":"doaj_10.1371/journal.pone.0188393","title":"Measuring stigma affecting sex workers (SW) and men who have sex with men (MSM): A systematic review.","authors":[{"name":"Alanna Fitzgerald-Husek"},{"name":"Michael J Van Wert"},{"name":"Whitney F Ewing"},{"name":"Ashley L Grosso"},{"name":"Claire E Holland"},{"name":"Rachel Katterl"},{"name":"Lori Rosman"},{"name":"Arnav Agarwal"},{"name":"Stefan D Baral"}],"abstract":"\u003ch4\u003eBackground\u003c/h4\u003eStigma involves discrediting a person or group based on a perceived attribute, behaviour or reputation associated with them. Sex workers (SW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) are key populations who are often at increased risk for the acquisition and transmission of HIV and who are affected by stigma that can negatively impact their health and well-being. Although stigma was included as an indicator in the US National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan and there have been consultations focused on adding a stigma indicator within PEPFAR and the Global Fund in relation to potentiating HIV risks among key populations, there remains limited consensus on the appropriate measurement of SW- or MSM-associated stigma. Consequently, this systematic review summarizes studies using quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods approaches to measure stigma affecting sex workers and men who have sex with men.\u003ch4\u003eMethods and findings\u003c/h4\u003eThis systematic review included English, French, and Spanish peer-reviewed research of any study design measuring SW- or MSM-associated stigma. Articles were published from January 1, 2004 to March 26, 2014 in PsycINFO, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, Global Health, and World Health Organization Global Health Library Regional Indexes. Of the 541 articles reviewed, the majority measured stigma toward MSM (over 97%), were conducted in North America, used quantitative methods, and focused on internalized stigma.\u003ch4\u003eConclusions\u003c/h4\u003eWith the inclusion of addressing stigma in several domestic and international HIV strategies, there is a need to ensure the use of validated metrics for stigma. The field to date has completed limited measurement of stigma affecting sex workers, and limited measurement of stigma affecting MSM outside of higher income settings. Moving forward requires a concerted effort integrating validated metrics of stigma into health-related surveys and programs for key populations.","source":"DOAJ","year":2017,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine","Science"],"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0188393","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188393","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":61},{"id":"doaj_10.15557/JoU.2016.0002","title":"Efficacy of high frequency ultrasound in postoperative evaluation of carpal tunnel syndrome treatment","authors":[{"name":"Katarzyna Kapuścińska"},{"name":"Andrzej Urbanik"}],"abstract":"Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy and a frequent\r\ncause of sick leave because of work-related hand overload. The main treatment is\r\noperation. Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the usefulness of high frequency ultrasound\r\nin the postoperative evaluation of CTS treatment efficacy. Material and methods:\r\nSixty-two patients (50 women and 12 men aged 28–70, mean age 55.2) underwent surgical\r\ntreatment of CTS. Ultrasound examinations of the wrist in all carpal tunnel sufferers\r\nwere performed 3 months after the procedure with the use of a high frequency broadband\r\nlinear array transducer (6–18 MHz, using 18 MHz band) of MyLab 70/Esaote. On the\r\nbasis of the collected data, the author has performed multiple analyses to confirm the\r\nusefulness of ultrasound imaging for postoperative evaluation of CTS treatment efficacy.\r\nResults: Among all 62 patients, 3 months after surgical median nerve decompression:\r\nin 40 patients, CTS symptoms subsided completely, and sonographic evaluation did not\r\nshow median nerve entrapment signs; in 9 patients, CTS symptoms persisted or exacerbated,\r\nand ultrasound proved nerve compression revealing preserved flexor retinaculum\r\nfibers; in 13 patients, scar tissue symptoms occurred, and in 5 of them CTS did not\r\nsubside completely (although ultrasound showed no signs of compression). Conclusions:\r\nUltrasound imaging with the use of a high frequency transducer is a valuable diagnostic\r\ntool for postoperative assessment of CTS treatment efficacy.","source":"DOAJ","year":2016,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine (General)","Medical technology"],"doi":"10.15557/JoU.2016.0002","url":"http://jultrason.pl/index.php/issues/volume-16-no-64/efficacy-of-high-frequency-ultrasound-in-postoperative-evaluation-of-carpal-tunnel-syndrome-treatment?aid=406","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":60},{"id":"doaj_Risk+Factor+Profile+of+Motorcycle+Crash+Victims+in+Rural+Kenya","title":"Risk Factor Profile of Motorcycle Crash Victims in Rural Kenya","authors":[{"name":"Karau PB"},{"name":"Ogeng’o JA"},{"name":"Okoro D"},{"name":"Muia M"},{"name":"Saumu MW"}],"abstract":"Background: Road traffic injuries involvingmotorcycles are increasing especially in rural Kenya resulting in both human and economic loss. This study was done to identify the risk factors and the host characteristics associated with motorcycle injury victims in rural setting so as to institute appropriate interventions for prevention of these incidents.\r\n\r\nMethods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kangundo District Hospital between 1st July and 31st December 2011.\r\n\r\nResults:167 crash victims (136 (81.4%) males, 31 (18.6%) females) were seen. Mean age was 29 years; most victims (94.2%) being aged 16-40 years. Cyclists comprised 61 (36.5%) while 79 (47.3%) were passengers. All cyclists were men; more women were passengers (p, 0.03), while pedestrians were mostly children below 10 years. Most victims (74.3%) did not wear helmets while 72.1% did not wear jackets with reflectors. Alcohol use was recorded in 22.8% of cyclists. About 71.9% of cyclists lacked valid driving licenses. Overloading was common, with 74.8% of the cyclists carrying two or more passengers.\r\n\r\nConclusion: Poor driving skills, reluctance to use protective gear, alcohol use and overloading of passengers were the main risk factors observed. Our observations call for more stringent regulations and aggressive road safety campaigns. Injury prevention and safety promotion campaigns should focus more on the risk factors for motorcycle accidents.","source":"DOAJ","year":2015,"language":"","subjects":["Surgery"],"url":"https://www.annalsofafricansurgery.com/risk-factor-profile-of-motorcycle-c","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":59},{"id":"doaj_Analysis+of+long-term+prognosis+indicators+of+dispersion+mapping+in+patients+with+cardiac+pathology","title":"Analysis of long-term prognosis indicators of dispersion mapping in patients with cardiac pathology","authors":[{"name":"G Halabi"},{"name":"N A Chuiko"},{"name":"V E Dvornikov"},{"name":"M R Aleksandrova"},{"name":"R R Politidis"},{"name":"G G Ivanov"},{"name":"N A Bulanova"},{"name":"V A Vostrikov"}],"abstract":"Purpose: to evaluate the use of indicators of dispersion mapping for the long-term prediction of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The study included data of 217 people with using short recordings in dynamics throughout the year (winter, spring, summer and autumn). The 1                  st group consists of 64 patients with hypertension, the 2                  nd group - 44 patients with coronary heart disease, the 3rd - 30 patients with cardiomyopathy and in the 4                  th group of 28 patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus. The control group consisted of 51 healthy individuals (18 men and 33 women) ranging in age from 29 to 53 years. Cardiac output was higher in the group of survivors (54,6 ± 0,5%) compared with the group with unfavorable outcome (33,8 ± 2,2%). The average values of all the indicators of dispersion mapping were higher in the group of death with the exception of heart rate index/IMM, indicating more severe violations. Noteworthy increase in 2 times the rate of alterative T wave at tT1 (Tbig) and T2 (Tmax) points. The sensitivity and specificity of the prediction of fatal outcome during 3 years of observation for record IMM \u003e 25% was 54% and 61%.","source":"DOAJ","year":2015,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine"],"url":"http://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/2412","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":59},{"id":"doaj_10.1371/journal.pone.0127427","title":"MiRNA Profiles in Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines of Finnish Prostate Cancer Families.","authors":[{"name":"Daniel Fischer"},{"name":"Tiina Wahlfors"},{"name":"Henna Mattila"},{"name":"Hannu Oja"},{"name":"Teuvo L J Tammela"},{"name":"Johanna Schleutker"}],"abstract":"BACKGROUND:Heritable factors are evidently involved in prostate cancer (PrCa) carcinogenesis, but currently, genetic markers are not routinely used in screening or diagnostics of the disease. More precise information is needed for making treatment decisions to distinguish aggressive cases from indolent disease, for which heritable factors could be a useful tool. The genetic makeup of PrCa has only recently begun to be unravelled through large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The thus far identified Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) explain, however, only a fraction of familial clustering. Moreover, the known risk SNPs are not associated with the clinical outcome of the disease, such as aggressive or metastasised disease, and therefore cannot be used to predict the prognosis. Annotating the SNPs with deep clinical data together with miRNA expression profiles can improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of different phenotypes of prostate cancer. RESULTS:In this study microRNA (miRNA) profiles were studied as potential biomarkers to predict the disease outcome. The study subjects were from Finnish high risk prostate cancer families. To identify potential biomarkers we combined a novel non-parametrical test with an importance measure provided from a Random Forest classifier. This combination delivered a set of nine miRNAs that was able to separate cases from controls. The detected miRNA expression profiles could predict the development of the disease years before the actual PrCa diagnosis or detect the existence of other cancers in the studied individuals. Furthermore, using an expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) analysis, regulatory SNPs for miRNA miR-483-3p that were also directly associated with PrCa were found. CONCLUSION:Based on our findings, we suggest that blood-based miRNA expression profiling can be used in the diagnosis and maybe even prognosis of the disease. In the future, miRNA profiling could possibly be used in targeted screening, together with Prostate Specific Antigene (PSA) testing, to identify men with an elevated PrCa risk.","source":"DOAJ","year":2015,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine","Science"],"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0127427","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127427","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":59},{"id":"doaj_High+sensitivity+C-reactive+protein+distribution+in+the+elderly%3A+the+Bambu%C3%AD+Cohort+Study%2C+Brazil","title":"High sensitivity C-reactive protein distribution in the elderly: the Bambuí Cohort Study, Brazil","authors":[{"name":"L.G.S. Assunção"},{"name":"S.M. Eloi-Santos"},{"name":"S.V. Peixoto"}],"abstract":"The measurement of the serum concentration of the acute-phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP) provides a useful marker in clinical practice. However, the distribution of CRP is not available for all age and population groups. This study assessed the distribution of high sensitivity-CRP (hs-CRP) by gender and age in 1470 elderly individuals from a Brazilian community that participates in the Bambuí Cohort Study. Blood samples were collected after 12 h of fasting and serum samples were stored at -70°C. Measurements were made with a commercial hs-CRP immunonephelometric instrument. More than 50% of the results were above 3.0 mg/L for both genders. Mean hs-CRP was higher in women (3.62 ± 2.58 mg/L) than in men (3.03 ± 2.50 mg/L). This difference was observed for all ages, except for the over-80 age group. This is the first population-based study to describe hs-CRP values in Latin American elderly subjects. Our results indicate that significant gender differences exist in the distribution of hs-CRP, and suggest that gender-specific cut-off points for hs-CRP would be necessary for the prediction of cardiovascular risks.","source":"DOAJ","year":2012,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine (General)","Biology (General)"],"url":"http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\u0026pid=S0100-879X2012001200025\u0026lng=en\u0026tlng=en","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":56},{"id":"doaj_Prostatic+massage+method+versus+first+-void+Urine+samples+to+isolate+Mycoplasma+hominis+and+Ureaplasma+urealyticum+from+urinary+tract+infection","title":"Prostatic massage method versus first -void Urine samples to isolate Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum from urinary tract infection","authors":[{"name":"K Ghazisaidi"},{"name":"F Fateminasab"},{"name":"SH Vatani"},{"name":"Y Azimi"},{"name":"S Bakhshandeh Nosrat"},{"name":"M Mohamadi"}],"abstract":"Abstract Background and objectives: Ureaplasma urealyticum is one of the most important causes of Nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) and non-specific urethritis (NSU) in men. Also Mycoplasma hominis has a role in causing NGU and NSU. The aim of this study was the detection of Mycoplasma hominis \u0026 Ureaplasma urealyticum in men suffering from NGU and NSU by prostatic massage method and first- void Urine samples. Material and Methods: Urethral secretion samples, taken after prostatic massage and first-void urine, of 75 patients referred to department of bacteriology of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were examined for ureaplasma and mycoplasma by culture method in 2004-2005 Results: In prostatic samples, 19 and 11 samples are positive for ureaplasma and Mycoplasma, retrospectively. In first-void urine samples, 17 and 9 samples are positive for ureaplasma and Mycoplasma, retrospectively. Conclusion: The results show that if it is impossible to obtain urethral sample via prostatic massage , we can use first- void urine instead. Key words:Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum,Nongonococcal urethritis, Nonspecific urethritis, prostatic massage, first voided Urine","source":"DOAJ","year":2008,"language":"","subjects":["Medicine"],"url":"http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-59-en.html","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":52},{"id":"doaj_10.4000/bmsap.6191","title":"Facteurs alimentaires et environnementaux de risque du cancer du rhino-pharynx dans la région de Marrakech","authors":[{"name":"Soumia Ammor"},{"name":"Abdellatif Baali"},{"name":"Annie Hubert"},{"name":"Mohamed Cherkaoui"}],"abstract":"In Morocco, as in the other countries of the Maghreb, NPC is the most frequent cancer of the ORL sphere.The distribution by age and sex of a sample composed by 160 cases diagnosed between 1989 and 1999 in Marrakech hospitals has shown that men are more affected than women with a sex-ratio of 2,6 and that the proportion of the individuals younger than 25 years and affected by the NPC is 20%. Women are affected earlier than men: a peak has been observed between the ages of 20 and 30 in women and another between the ages of 40 and 50 in men.The analysis of a questionnaire submitted to 32 individuals affected by the NPC and to a check sample of 48 showed a statistically significant relationship between the NPC and some nutritional and environmental factors: consumption of smen (fermented butter), khlii (dried, salted spicy baked meat preserved in a mixt of smelted beef grease) and alcohol; practising of agriculture and cattle breeding; contact with toxic substances.","source":"DOAJ","year":2001,"language":"","subjects":["History of Civilization"],"doi":"10.4000/bmsap.6191","url":"https://journals.openedition.org/bmsap/6191","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":50}],"total":407842,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["CrossRef","DOAJ"],"query":"Men"}