{"results":[{"id":"ss_974a6da9b271d6dfe5712b613a9435303d39b009","title":"Cellular and molecular immunologic mechanisms in patients with atopic dermatitis.","authors":[{"name":"T. Werfel"},{"name":"J. Allam"},{"name":"T. Biedermann"},{"name":"K. Eyerich"},{"name":"S. Gilles"},{"name":"E. Guttman‐Yassky"},{"name":"Wolfram Hoetzenecker"},{"name":"E. Knol"},{"name":"H. Simon"},{"name":"A. Wollenberg"},{"name":"T. Bieber"},{"name":"R. Lauener"},{"name":"P. Schmid‐Grendelmeier"},{"name":"C. Traidl‐Hoffmann"},{"name":"C. Akdis"}],"abstract":"Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex skin disease frequently associated with other diseases of the atopic diathesis. Recent evidence supports the concept that AD can also recognize other comorbidities, such as chronic inflammatory bowel or cardiovascular diseases. These comorbidities might result from chronic cutaneous inflammation or from a common, yet-to-be-defined immunologic background leading to immune deviations. The activation of immune cells and their migration to the skin play an essential role in the pathogenesis of AD. In patients with AD, an underlying immune deviation might result in higher susceptibility of the skin to environmental factors. There is a high unmet medical need to define immunologic endotypes of AD because it has significant implications on upcoming stratification of the phenotype of AD and the resulting targeted therapies in the development of precision medicine. This review article emphasizes studies on environmental factors affecting AD development and novel biological agents used in the treatment of AD. Best evidence of the clinical efficacy of novel immunologic approaches using biological agents in patients with AD is available for the anti-IL-4 receptor α-chain antibody dupilumab, but a number of studies are currently ongoing with other specific antagonists to immune system players. These targeted molecules can be expressed on or drive the cellular players infiltrating the skin (eg, T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, or eosinophils). Such approaches can have immunomodulatory and thereby beneficial clinical effects on the overall skin condition, as well as on the underlying immune deviation that might play a role in comorbidities. An effect of these immunologic treatments on pruritus and the disturbed microbiome in patients with AD has other potential consequences for treatment.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2016,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.010","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/974a6da9b271d6dfe5712b613a9435303d39b009","pdf_url":"https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/files/82386/82386.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":540,"published_at":"","score":76.2},{"id":"ss_9febf5b47065f7e1ae01ac052b7fc0ab340e6ccd","title":"Epithelial barriers in allergy and asthma","authors":[{"name":"P. Hellings"},{"name":"B. Steelant"}],"abstract":"The respiratory epithelium provides a physical, functional, and immunologic barrier to protect the host from the potential harming effects of inhaled environmental particles and to guarantee maintenance of a healthy state of the host. When compromised, activation of immune/inflammatory responses against exogenous allergens, microbial substances, and pollutants might occur, rendering individuals prone to develop chronic inflammation as seen in allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma. The airway epithelium in asthma and upper airway diseases is dysfunctional due to disturbed tight junction formation. By putting the epithelial barrier to the forefront of the pathophysiology of airway inflammation, different approaches to diagnose and target epithelial barrier defects are currently being developed. Using single-cell transcriptomics, novel epithelial cell types are being unraveled that might play a role in chronicity of respiratory diseases. We here review and discuss the current understandings of epithelial barrier defects in type 2–driven chronic inflammation of the upper and lower airways, the estimated contribution of these novel identified epithelial cells to disease, and the current clinical challenges in relation to diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2020,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.010","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9febf5b47065f7e1ae01ac052b7fc0ab340e6ccd","pdf_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7270816?pdf=render","is_open_access":true,"citations":301,"published_at":"","score":73.03},{"id":"ss_778e4d56245e129c6f74f495dec7f88cfa1c42be","title":"World Allergy Organization-McMaster University Guidelines for Allergic Disease Prevention (GLAD-P): Probiotics","authors":[{"name":"A. Fiocchi"},{"name":"R. Pawankar"},{"name":"C. Cuello-Garcia"},{"name":"K. Ahn"},{"name":"S. Al-Hammadi"},{"name":"A. Agarwal"},{"name":"K. Beyer"},{"name":"W. Burks"},{"name":"G. Canonica"},{"name":"M. Ebisawa"},{"name":"Shreyas P. Gandhi"},{"name":"R. Kamenwa"},{"name":"B. Lee"},{"name":"Haiqi Li"},{"name":"S. Prescott"},{"name":"J. Riva"},{"name":"L. Rosenwasser"},{"name":"H. Sampson"},{"name":"Michael Spigler"},{"name":"L. Terracciano"},{"name":"A. Vereda-Ortiz"},{"name":"S. Waserman"},{"name":"J. Yepes‐Nuñez"},{"name":"J. Brożek"},{"name":"H. Schünemann"}],"abstract":"BackgroundPrevalence of allergic diseases in infants, whose parents and siblings do not have allergy, is approximately 10% and reaches 20–30% in those with an allergic first-degree relative. Intestinal microbiota may modulate immunologic and inflammatory systemic responses and, thus, influence development of sensitization and allergy. Probiotics have been reported to modulate immune responses and their supplementation has been proposed as a preventive intervention.ObjectiveThe World Allergy Organization (WAO) convened a guideline panel to develop evidence-based recommendations about the use of probiotics in the prevention of allergy.MethodsWe identified the most relevant clinical questions and performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of probiotics for the prevention of allergy. We followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to develop recommendations. We searched for and reviewed the evidence about health effects, patient values and preferences, and resource use (up to November 2014). We followed the GRADE evidence-to-decision framework to develop recommendations.ResultsCurrently available evidence does not indicate that probiotic supplementation reduces the risk of developing allergy in children. However, considering all critical outcomes in this context, the WAO guideline panel determined that there is a likely net benefit from using probiotics resulting primarily from prevention of eczema. The WAO guideline panel suggests: a) using probiotics in pregnant women at high risk for having an allergic child; b) using probiotics in women who breastfeed infants at high risk of developing allergy; and c) using probiotics in infants at high risk of developing allergy. All recommendations are conditional and supported by very low quality evidence.ConclusionsWAO recommendations about probiotic supplementation for prevention of allergy are intended to support parents, clinicians and other health care professionals in their decisions whether to use probiotics in pregnancy and during breastfeeding, and whether to give them to infants.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2015,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1186/s40413-015-0055-2","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/778e4d56245e129c6f74f495dec7f88cfa1c42be","pdf_url":"http://www.worldallergyorganizationjournal.org/article/S1939455119302017/pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":389,"published_at":"","score":70.67},{"id":"doaj_10.3389/fimmu.2025.1584001","title":"Interacting roles of gut microbiota and T cells in the development of autoimmune hepatitis","authors":[{"name":"Qingwei Wu"},{"name":"Zhifa Ge"},{"name":"Chengyu Lv"},{"name":"Qifeng He"}],"abstract":"Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive liver inflammatory disease mediated by an autoimmune response, with an increasing incidence rate. In severe cases, AIH will rapidly progress to liver cirrhosis and liver failure and even lead to death. The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that significantly regulates physiological and pathological processes among various digestive system diseases. It is widely acknowledged that there is a critical correlation between AIH and the gut microbiota. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the composition of gut microbiota in individuals with AIH differs markedly from that of healthy subjects. Immune cells, especially T cells, are pivotal in the development of AIH, closely interacting with the gut microbiota. In this review, we discuss the regulatory role of the gut microbiota in T cell-mediated development of AIH, as well as the effect of T cells on the composition of the gut microbiota in AIH. By modulating gut microbiota or immunity pathways, novel opportunities are provided to regulate the balance of the immune-microbial microenvironment, targeting the dual factor for autoimmune hepatitis therapies.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Immunologic diseases. Allergy"],"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2025.1584001","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1584001/full","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.1371/journal.ppat.1013101","title":"Viral piracy of host RNA phosphatase DUSP11 by avipoxviruses.","authors":[{"name":"Kayla H Szymanik"},{"name":"Emily A Rex"},{"name":"Vamshikrishna R Pothireddy"},{"name":"Don B Gammon"},{"name":"Dustin C Hancks"},{"name":"Christopher S Sullivan"}],"abstract":"Proper recognition of viral pathogens is an essential part of the innate immune response. A common viral replicative intermediate and chemical signal that cells use to identify pathogens is the presence of a triphosphorylated 5' end (5'ppp) RNA, which activates the cytosolic RNA sensor RIG-I and initiates downstream antiviral signaling. While 5'pppRNA generated by viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps) can be a potent activator of the immune response, endogenous RNA polymerase III (RNAPIII) transcripts can retain the 5'ppp generated during transcription and induce a RIG-I-mediated immune response. We have previously shown that host RNA triphosphatase dual-specificity phosphatase 11 (DUSP11) can act on both host and viral RNAs, altering their levels and reducing their ability to induce RIG-I activation. Our previous work explored how experimentally altered DUSP11 activity can impact immune activation, prompting further exploration into natural contexts of altered DUSP11 activity. Here, we have identified viral DUSP11 homologs (vDUSP11s) present in some avipoxviruses. Consistent with the known functions of host DUSP11, we have shown that expression of vDUSP11s: 1) reduces levels of endogenous RNAPIII transcripts, 2) reduces a cell's sensitivity to 5'pppRNA-mediated immune activation, and 3) restores virus infection defects seen in the absence of DUSP11. Our results identify a context where DUSP11 activity has been co-opted by viruses to alter RNA metabolism and influence the outcome of infection.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Immunologic diseases. Allergy","Biology (General)"],"doi":"10.1371/journal.ppat.1013101","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013101","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.3389/fimmu.2025.1618650","title":"Applications and insights from continuous dengue virus infection in a stable cell line","authors":[{"name":"M. Jane Morwitzer"},{"name":"Ying Yi Zheng"},{"name":"Heather Friberg"},{"name":"Jeffrey R. Currier"}],"abstract":"Dengue is caused by the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV-1-4) and poses a significant global public health challenge, with an estimated 100–400 million infections annually. Severe dengue manifestations, such as Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS), are influenced by immune responses, particularly during secondary infections with different serotypes. Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of DENV infection is a critical mechanism in dengue immunopathogenesis, underscoring the need for comprehensive evaluation of antibody responses. Traditional cell lines used for DENV propagation exhibit variability and present logistical challenges for assessing non-neutralizing antibody functions. Here, we report the establishment of a stable CEM-NKR cell line expressing DC-SIGN, designated CEM2001, capable of supporting continuous infection with all four DENV serotypes. These cell lines allow for continuous DENV infection, enabling detailed immunoassays to evaluate serotype-specific and cross-reactive non-neutralizing antibody responses. Our approach offers a significant advancement in dengue research, providing a consistent and reliable system to study DENV immune responses and supporting future efforts to develop and evaluate dengue therapeutics and vaccines.","source":"DOAJ","year":2025,"language":"","subjects":["Immunologic diseases. Allergy"],"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2025.1618650","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1618650/full","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"crossref_10.3389/falgy.2023.1215616","title":"Immunologic, genetic, and ecological interplay of factors involved in allergic diseases","authors":[{"name":"Robbi Miguel G. Falcon"},{"name":"Salvador Eugenio C. Caoili"}],"abstract":"An allergic or type I hypersensitivity reaction involves a misdirected immune overreaction to innocuous environmental and dietary antigens called allergens. The genetic predisposition to allergic disease, referred to as atopy, can be expressed as a variety of manifestations—e.g., allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, anaphylaxis. Globally, allergic diseases are one the most common types of chronic conditions. Several factors have been identified to contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of the disease, leading to distinctively variable clinical symptoms. The factors which can attenuate or exacerbate allergic reactions can range from genetic heterozygosity, the prominence of various comorbid infections, and other factors such as pollution, climate, and interactions with other organisms and organism-derived products, and the surrounding environment. As a result, the effective prevention and control of allergies remains to be one of the most prominent public health problems. Therefore, to contextualize the current knowledge about allergic reactions, this review paper attempts to synthesize different aspects of an allergic response to describe its significance in the global health scheme. Specifically, the review shall characterize the biomolecular mechanisms of the pathophysiology of the disease based on underlying disease theories and current findings on ecologic interactions and describe prevention and control strategies being utilized. An integrated perspective that considers the underlying genetic, immunologic, and ecologic aspects of the disease would enable the development of more effective and targeted diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for the management and control of allergic diseases.","source":"CrossRef","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.3389/falgy.2023.1215616","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2023.1215616","is_open_access":true,"citations":50,"published_at":"","score":68.5},{"id":"doaj_10.1371/journal.ppat.1012302","title":"Combinatorial actions of IL-22 and IL-17 drive optimal immunity to oral candidiasis through SPRRs.","authors":[{"name":"Felix E Y Aggor"},{"name":"Martinna Bertolini"},{"name":"Bianca M Coleman"},{"name":"Tiffany C Taylor"},{"name":"Nicole O Ponde"},{"name":"Sarah L Gaffen"}],"abstract":"Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is the most common human fungal infection, arising typically from T cell immune impairments. IL-17 and IL-22 contribute individually to OPC responses, but here we demonstrate that the combined actions of both cytokines are essential for resistance to OPC. Mice lacking IL-17RA and IL-22RA1 exhibited high fungal loads in esophagus- and intestinal tract, severe weight loss, and symptoms of colitis. Ultimately, mice succumbed to infection. Dual loss of IL-17RA and IL-22RA impaired expression of small proline rich proteins (SPRRs), a class of antimicrobial effectors not previously linked to fungal immunity. Sprr2a1 exhibited direct candidacidal activity in vitro, and Sprr1-3a-/- mice were susceptible to OPC. Thus, cooperative actions of Type 17 cytokines mediate oral mucosal anti-Candida defenses and reveal a role for SPRRs.","source":"DOAJ","year":2024,"language":"","subjects":["Immunologic diseases. Allergy","Biology (General)"],"doi":"10.1371/journal.ppat.1012302","url":"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1012302\u0026type=printable","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":68},{"id":"ss_69a8a65d829972fc0d0a895f66a117d11c07bcd4","title":"Impact of socioeconomic factors on allergic diseases.","authors":[{"name":"Tamara T. Perry"},{"name":"Torie L. Grant"},{"name":"J. Dantzer"},{"name":"Chioma Udemgba"},{"name":"Akilah A. Jefferson"}],"abstract":"Allergic and immunologic conditions, including asthma, food allergy, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, are among the most common chronic conditions in children and adolescents that often last into adulthood. Although rare, inborn errors of immunity are life-altering and potentially fatal if unrecognized or untreated. Thus, allergic and immunologic conditions are both medical and public health issues that are profoundly impacted by socioeconomic factors. Recently, studies have highlighted societal issues to evaluate factors at multiple levels that contribute to health inequities and the potential steps toward closing those gaps. Socioeconomic disparities can influence all aspects of care, including healthcare access and quality, diagnosis, management, education, and disease prevalence and outcomes. On-going research, engagement, and deliberate investment of resources by relevant stakeholders and advocacy approaches are needed to identify and address the impact of socioeconomics on healthcare disparities and outcomes among patients with allergic and immunologic diseases.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.025","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/69a8a65d829972fc0d0a895f66a117d11c07bcd4","is_open_access":true,"citations":23,"published_at":"","score":67.69},{"id":"ss_e380eed22b394eefe001c092b417604b3ef1659f","title":"The Impact of Climate Change on Asthma and Allergic-Immunologic Disease","authors":[{"name":"G. Kelly"},{"name":"Osatohamwen I. Idubor"},{"name":"Sophie Binney"},{"name":"P. Schramm"},{"name":"M. Mirabelli"},{"name":"J. Hsu"}],"abstract":"","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1007/s11882-023-01093-y","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e380eed22b394eefe001c092b417604b3ef1659f","is_open_access":true,"citations":18,"published_at":"","score":67.53999999999999},{"id":"ss_58b68dc0a85e039e076f90a5ec58525cec0781c4","title":"Roles of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in allergic diseases: The 10-year anniversary for ILC2s.","authors":[{"name":"K. Bartemes"},{"name":"H. Kita"}],"abstract":"In the 12 years since the discovery of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), our knowledge of their immunobiology has expanded rapidly. Group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) respond rapidly to allergen exposure and environmental insults in mucosal organs, producing type 2 cytokines. Early studies showed that epithelium-derived cytokines activate ILC2s, resulting in eosinophilia, mucus hypersecretion, and remodeling of mucosal tissues. We now know that ILC2s are regulated by other cytokines, eicosanoids, and neuropeptides as well, and interact with both immune and stromal cells. Furthermore, ILC2s exhibit plasticity by adjusting their functions depending on their tissue environment and may consist of several heterogeneous subpopulations. Clinical studies show that ILC2s are involved in asthma, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, food allergy, and eosinophilic esophagitis. However, much remains unknown about the immunologic mechanisms involved. Beneficial functions of ILCs in maintenance or restoration of tissue well-being and human health also need to be clarified. As our understanding of the crucial functions ILCs play in both homeostasis and disease pathology expands, we are poised to make tremendous strides in diagnostic and therapeutic options for patients with allergic diseases. This review summarizes discoveries in immunobiology of ILCs and their roles in allergic diseases in the past 5 years, discusses controversies and gaps in our knowledge, and suggests future research directions.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2021,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2021.03.015","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/58b68dc0a85e039e076f90a5ec58525cec0781c4","pdf_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8114584","is_open_access":true,"citations":71,"published_at":"","score":67.13},{"id":"ss_29627cde6ca86008b92cb3f08b8a612b6f83e88e","title":"IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic Diseases","authors":[{"name":"G. Murdaca"},{"name":"M. Greco"},{"name":"A. Tonacci"},{"name":"S. Negrini"},{"name":"M. Borro"},{"name":"F. Puppo"},{"name":"S. Gangemi"}],"abstract":"Several allergic and immunologic diseases including asthma, food allergy (FA), chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), atopic dermatitis (AD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Behçet’s disease (BD) are characterized by the involvement of Th2 immunity. Several mediators lead to immunoglobulin (Ig)E production, thus including key cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Among them, IL-31 and IL-33 have been recently studied as novel biomarkers and future therapeutic targets for allergic and immunological disorders. IL-31 is a proinflammatory cytokine—it regulates cell proliferation and is involved in tissue remodeling. IL-33, acting through its receptor suppression of tumorigenity (ST2L), is an alarmin cytokine from the IL-1 family, whose expression is mediated by tissue damage. The latter has a pleiotropic effect, as it may modulate specific and innate immune cells functions. To date, several researchers have investigated the involvement of IL-31 and IL-33 in several allergic and immune-mediated diseases. Further studies are needed to understand the future applications of these molecules as novel therapeutic agents. This paper aims to give the readers a complete and updated review of IL-31 and IL-33 involvement among the most common autoimmune and allergic disorders.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2019,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.3390/ijms20235856","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/29627cde6ca86008b92cb3f08b8a612b6f83e88e","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/23/5856/pdf?version=1574402830","is_open_access":true,"citations":134,"published_at":"","score":67.02000000000001},{"id":"doaj_10.3389/fimmu.2023.1144397","title":"Case report: Rapid development of amyloid A amyloidosis in temporal arteritis with SAA1.3 allele; An unusual case of intestinal amyloidosis secondary to temporal arteritis","authors":[{"name":"Shuhei Yoshida"},{"name":"Haruki Matsumoto"},{"name":"Jumpei Temmoku"},{"name":"Norshalena Shakespear"},{"name":"Yuichiro Kiko"},{"name":"Kentaro Kikuchi"},{"name":"Yuya Sumichika"},{"name":"Kenji Saito"},{"name":"Yuya Fujita"},{"name":"Naoki Matsuoka"},{"name":"Tomoyuki Asano"},{"name":"Shuzo Sato"},{"name":"Eiji Suzuki"},{"name":"Hiroshi Watanabe"},{"name":"Hiromasa Ohira"},{"name":"Kiyoshi Migita"}],"abstract":"Temporal arteritis (TA) is a large-vessel vasculitis mostly seen in older patients. Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis secondary to a chronic inflammation induces multiple organ dysfunctions, including a dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract. Herein, we present a case of TA complicated by AA amyloidosis that was resistant to oral and intravenous steroids. An 80-year-old man with a history of new-onset headache, jaw claudication, and distended temporal arteries was referred to our department. On admission, the patient presented with tenderness and a subcutaneous temporal nodule in both temple arteries. Ultrasonography of the nodule revealed an anechoic perivascular halo surrounding the right temporal artery. Following the diagnosis of TA, high-dose prednisolone therapy was initiated. However, the patient presented with recurrent abdominal pain and refractory diarrhea. Due to the unclear origin of refractory diarrhea, an extensive workup, including biopsy of the duodenal mucosa, was performed. Endoscopy revealed chronic inflammation in the duodenum. Immunohistochemical analysis of duodenal mucosal biopsy samples revealed AA amyloid deposition resulting in the diagnosis of AA amyloidosis. After tocilizumab (TCZ) administration, refractory diarrhea reduced; however, the patient died of intestinal perforation 1 month after the start of TCZ administration. Gastrointestinal involvement was the main clinical manifestation of AA amyloidosis in the present case. This case highlights the importance of bowel biopsy screening for amyloid deposition in patients with unexplained gastrointestinal tract symptoms, even in a recent onset of large-vessel vasculitis. In the present case, the carriage of the SAA1.3 allele likely contributed to the rare association of AA amyloidosis with TA.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Immunologic diseases. Allergy"],"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2023.1144397","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1144397/full","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212432","title":"Case Report: A severe case of immunosuppressant-refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis rescued by tofacitinib","authors":[{"name":"Mark W. D. Sweep"},{"name":"Mark W. D. Sweep"},{"name":"Martijn J. H. Tjan"},{"name":"Mark A. J. Gorris"},{"name":"Mark A. J. Gorris"},{"name":"Kalijn F. Bol"},{"name":"Harm Westdorp"},{"name":"Harm Westdorp"}],"abstract":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for cancer treatment can give rise to a variety of adverse events. Here we report a male patient with metastatic melanoma who experienced life-threatening colitis and duodenitis following treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab. The patient did not respond to the first three lines of immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids, infliximab, and vedolizumab), but recovered well after administration of tofacitinib, a JAK inhibitor. Cellular and transcriptional data on colon and duodenum biopsies shows significant inflammation in the tissue, characterized by a large number of CD8 T cells and high expression of PD-L1. While cellular numbers do decrease during three lines of immunosuppressive therapy, CD8 T cells remain relatively high in the epithelium, along with PD-L1 expression in the involved tissue and expression of colitis-associated genes, indicating an ongoing colitis at that moment. Despite all immunosuppressive treatments, the patient has an ongoing tumor response with no evidence of disease. Tofacitinib might be a good candidate to consider more often for ipilimumab/nivolumab-induced colitis.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Immunologic diseases. Allergy"],"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212432","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212432/full","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308143","title":"Ovarian cancer treatment and natural killer cell-based immunotherapy","authors":[{"name":"Zhongru Fan"},{"name":"Dongyu Han"},{"name":"Xin Fan"},{"name":"Lin Zhao"}],"abstract":"BackgroundOvarian cancer (OC) is one of the malignant tumors that poses a serious threat to women’s health. Natural killer (NK) cells are an integral part of the immune system and have the ability to kill tumor cells directly or participate indirectly in the anti-tumor immune response. In recent years, NK cell-based immunotherapy for OC has shown remarkable potential. However, its mechanisms and effects remain unclear when compared to standard treatment.MethodsTo explore the value of NK cell-based immunotherapy in the treatment of OC, we conducted a literature review. In comparison to standard treatment, our focus was primarily on the current anti-tumor mechanisms, the clinical effect of NK cells against OC, factors affecting the structure and function of NK cells, and strategies to enhance the effectiveness of NK cells.ResultsWe found that NK cells exert their therapeutic effects in OC through mechanisms such as antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity, perforin release, and granule enzyme secretion. They also secrete IFN-γ and TNF-α or engage in Fas/FasL and TRAIL/TRAILR pathways, mediating the death of OC cells. In clinical trials, the majority of patients experienced disease stability with mild side effects after receiving NK cell-based immunotherapy, but there is still a lack of high-quality research evidence regarding its clinical effectiveness. OC and prior experience with standard treatments have an effect on NK cells, and it may be considered to maximize NK cell effects through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment or combination with other therapies.ConclusionsIn this review, we have summarized the current evidence of NK cell applications in the treatment of OC. Furthermore, factors and strategies that influence and enhance the role of NK cell immunotherapy are discussed.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Immunologic diseases. Allergy"],"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308143","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308143/full","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188253","title":"The central inflammatory regulator IκBζ: induction, regulation and physiological functions","authors":[{"name":"Yanpeng Feng"},{"name":"Zhiyuan Chen"},{"name":"Yi Xu"},{"name":"Yuxuan Han"},{"name":"Xiujuan Jia"},{"name":"Zixuan Wang"},{"name":"Nannan Zhang"},{"name":"Wenjing Lv"},{"name":"Wenjing Lv"}],"abstract":"IκBζ (encoded by NFKBIZ) is the most recently identified IkappaB family protein. As an atypical member of the IkappaB protein family, NFKBIZ has been the focus of recent studies because of its role in inflammation. Specifically, it is a key gene in the regulation of a variety of inflammatory factors in the NF-KB pathway, thereby affecting the progression of related diseases. In recent years, investigations into NFKBIZ have led to greater understanding of this gene. In this review, we summarize the induction of NFKBIZ and then elucidate its transcription, translation, molecular mechanism and physiological function. Finally, the roles played by NFKBIZ in psoriasis, cancer, kidney injury, autoimmune diseases and other diseases are described. NFKBIZ functions are universal and bidirectional, and therefore, this gene may exert a great influence on the regulation of inflammation and inflammation-related diseases.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Immunologic diseases. Allergy"],"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188253","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188253/full","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.1080/2162402X.2023.2233402","title":"Accumulation of tissue-resident natural killer cells, innate lymphoid cells, and CD8+ T cells towards the center of human lung tumors","authors":[{"name":"Demi Brownlie"},{"name":"Andreas von Kries"},{"name":"Giampiero Valenzano"},{"name":"Nicole Wild"},{"name":"Emel Yilmaz"},{"name":"Jesper Säfholm"},{"name":"Mamdoh Al-Ameri"},{"name":"Evren Alici"},{"name":"Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren"},{"name":"Igor Schliemann"},{"name":"Ozan Aricak"},{"name":"Felix Haglund de Flon"},{"name":"Jakob Michaëlsson"},{"name":"Nicole Marquardt"}],"abstract":"Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite recent advances in tissue immunology, little is known about the spatial distribution of tissue-resident lymphocyte subsets in lung tumors. Using high-parameter flow cytometry, we identified an accumulation of tissue-resident lymphocytes including tissue-resident NK (trNK) cells and CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells toward the center of human non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). Chemokine receptor expression patterns indicated different modes of tumor-infiltration and/or residency between trNK cells and CD8+ TRM cells. In contrast to CD8+ TRM cells, trNK cells and ILCs generally expressed low levels of immune checkpoint receptors independent of location in the tumor. Additionally, granzyme expression in trNK cells and CD8+ TRM cells was highest in the tumor center, and intratumoral CD49a+CD16− NK cells were functional and responded stronger to target cell stimulation than their CD49a− counterparts, indicating functional relevance of trNK cells in lung tumors.In summary, the present spatial mapping of lymphocyte subsets in human NSCLC provides novel insights into the composition and functionality of tissue-resident immune cells, suggesting a role for trNK cells and CD8+ TRM cells in lung tumors and their potential relevance for future therapeutic approaches.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["Immunologic diseases. Allergy","Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens"],"doi":"10.1080/2162402X.2023.2233402","url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/2162402X.2023.2233402","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"ss_0f1f539b5ab384eabc01b13b1fa6c8bece6c6424","title":"Review of biologics in allergy and immunology.","authors":[{"name":"H. Morita"},{"name":"K. Matsumoto"},{"name":"H. Saito"}],"abstract":"Biologics or molecularly targeted drugs are often highly effective for the treatment of allergic diseases and other immunologic disorders, and they are relatively safe for short-term use as compared with conventional approaches such as the systemic use of corticosteroids. A number of studies published in 2021 consistently demonstrated their effectiveness and also revealed unanticipated findings. Among them, clinical trials for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using biologics targeting thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-33, and IL-33 receptor demonstrated that these type 2 alarmin cytokines are also involved in non-type 2, noneosinophilic inflammation. Randomized controlled trials reporting the efficacies of 2 small-molecule oral drugs targeting Janus kinase-1 had a substantial impact on the management of atopic dermatitis. These drugs demonstrated superiority over dupilumab, which has previously demonstrated efficacy and is in wide use in clinical practice. As a concern, biologics are generally costly, and it should be noted that racial/ethnic minority populations may be less likely to receive biologics in the real world. Here, we have reviewed recent clinical trials and related topics dealing with the effects of biologics on allergic and immunologic diseases; in addition, we discuss how our understanding of the pathophysiology of these disorders has progressed.","source":"Semantic Scholar","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":["Medicine"],"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2022.08.009","url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0f1f539b5ab384eabc01b13b1fa6c8bece6c6424","is_open_access":true,"citations":28,"published_at":"","score":66.84},{"id":"crossref_10.1016/b978-0-323-95061-9.00039-4","title":"New biologics in allergy","authors":[{"name":"Heather K. Lehman"},{"name":"Colleen M. Sabella"}],"abstract":"","source":"CrossRef","year":2022,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-95061-9.00039-4","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-95061-9.00039-4","is_open_access":true,"citations":1,"published_at":"","score":66.03}],"total":1765045,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["CrossRef","DOAJ","Semantic Scholar"],"query":"Immunologic diseases. Allergy"}