{"results":[{"id":"arxiv_2503.04313","title":"Episodes from the history of infinitesimals","authors":[{"name":"Mikhail G. Katz"}],"abstract":"Infinitesimals have seen ups and downs in their tumultuous history. In the 18th century, d'Alembert set the tone by describing infinitesimals as chimeras. Some adversaries of infinitesimals, including Moigno and Connes, picked up on the term. We highlight the work of Cauchy, Noël, Poisson and Riemann. We also chronicle reactions by Moigno, Lamarle and Cantor, and signal the start of a revival with Peano.","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["math.HO"],"doi":"10.1080/26375451.2025.2474811","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.04313","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.04313","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-03-06T10:58:17Z","score":69},{"id":"arxiv_2502.06764","title":"History-Guided Video Diffusion","authors":[{"name":"Kiwhan Song"},{"name":"Boyuan Chen"},{"name":"Max Simchowitz"},{"name":"Yilun Du"},{"name":"Russ Tedrake"},{"name":"Vincent Sitzmann"}],"abstract":"Classifier-free guidance (CFG) is a key technique for improving conditional generation in diffusion models, enabling more accurate control while enhancing sample quality. It is natural to extend this technique to video diffusion, which generates video conditioned on a variable number of context frames, collectively referred to as history. However, we find two key challenges to guiding with variable-length history: architectures that only support fixed-size conditioning, and the empirical observation that CFG-style history dropout performs poorly. To address this, we propose the Diffusion Forcing Transformer (DFoT), a video diffusion architecture and theoretically grounded training objective that jointly enable conditioning on a flexible number of history frames. We then introduce History Guidance, a family of guidance methods uniquely enabled by DFoT. We show that its simplest form, vanilla history guidance, already significantly improves video generation quality and temporal consistency. A more advanced method, history guidance across time and frequency further enhances motion dynamics, enables compositional generalization to out-of-distribution history, and can stably roll out extremely long videos. Project website: https://boyuan.space/history-guidance","source":"arXiv","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":["cs.LG","cs.CV"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.06764","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.06764","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2025-02-10T18:44:25Z","score":69},{"id":"crossref_10.1017/9781108750608.008","title":"Crises, Schisms, and Dissent","authors":null,"abstract":"","source":"CrossRef","year":2025,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.1017/9781108750608.008","url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108750608.008","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":69},{"id":"doaj_10.15359/rh.88.5","title":"«Las voces, registros y acciones de las infancias en los relatos históricos». Entrevista a Susana Sosenski","authors":[{"name":"Silvana Espiga Dorado"},{"name":"María Laura Osta Vázquez"},{"name":"Facundo Álvarez Constantín"}],"abstract":"Esta entrevista realizada a la dra. Susana Sosenski trata sobre las reflexiones, los desafíos y los obstáculos que una investigadora de la infancia en América Latina puede enfrentar. Las interrogantes que ella misma se ha planteado desde su realidad han guiado toda su producción historiográfica, que nutre a historiadoras/es de América Latina y el mundo. Susana Sosenski, fundadora de la Red de Estudios de Historia de las Infancias en América Latina, nos cuenta cómo y cuándo fue fundada la REHIAL y los objetivos que ha perseguido desde sus inicios.","source":"DOAJ","year":2023,"language":"","subjects":["History (General)","Latin America. Spanish America","History of specific doctrines and movements. Heresies and schisms"],"doi":"10.15359/rh.88.5","url":"https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/historia/article/view/18891","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2306.17647","title":"A Brief History of Space VLBI","authors":[{"name":"Leonid I. Gurvits"}],"abstract":"Space Very Long Baseline Interferometry is a radio astronomy technique distinguished by a record-high angular resolution reaching single-digit microseconds of arc. The paper provides a brief account of the history of developments of this technique over the period 1960s-2020s.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["astro-ph.IM"],"doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON56357.2023.10365962","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.17647","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.17647","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-06-30T13:34:32Z","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2304.07539","title":"The Geometric Completion of a Doctrine","authors":[{"name":"Joshua Wrigley"}],"abstract":"As several different formal systems with inequivalent syntax may describe equivalent semantics, it is possible to find `completions' to more expressive syntaxes that are semantically invariant. Doctrine theory, in the sense of Lawvere, is the natural categorical framework in which to express completions for first-order logic. We study the suitability of a fibred generalisation of the ideal completion of a preorder to act as a completion for doctrines to the syntax of geometric logic. In contrast to other completions of doctrines considered in the literature, our completion takes a Grothendieck topology as a second argument. As a result, the geometric completion is idempotent, as well as being `semantically invariant' for any doctrine whose models can be expressed as a category of continuous flat functors, encompassing a wide class of the most commonly considered doctrines.   We also relate the geometric completion to other completions of doctrines considered in the literature: first, by studying the behaviour of the geometric completion when the second argument is omitted, and then by studying the interaction with those completions of doctrines that complete to a fragment of geometric logic. Throughout, we reference how these completions of doctrines yield completions of categories via the syntactic category construction. We demonstrate that it is equivalent to represent logical theories by either doctrines or syntactic categories, in so far as they have equivalent classifying toposes.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["math.CT","math.LO"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.07539","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.07539","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-04-15T12:03:14Z","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2311.03428","title":"Note on episodes in the history of modeling measurements in local spacetime regions using QFT","authors":[{"name":"Doreen Fraser"},{"name":"Maria Papageorgiou"}],"abstract":"The formulation of a measurement theory for relativistic quantum field theory (QFT) has recently been an active area of research. In contrast to the asymptotic measurement framework that was enshrined in QED, the new proposals aim to supply a measurement framework for measurements in local spacetime regions. This paper surveys episodes in the history of quantum theory that contemporary researchers have identified as precursors to their own work and discusses how they laid the groundwork for current approaches to local measurement theory for QFT.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.hist-ph","quant-ph"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.03428","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.03428","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-11-06T18:22:06Z","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2310.08380","title":"Left adjoint to precomposition in elementary doctrines","authors":[{"name":"Francesca Guffanti"}],"abstract":"It is well-known in universal algebra that adding structure and equational axioms generates forgetful functors between varieties, and such functors all have left adjoints. The category of elementary doctrines provides a natural framework for studying algebraic theories, since each algebraic theory can be described by some syntactic doctrine and its models are morphism from the syntactic doctrine into the doctrine of subsets. In this context, adding structure and axioms to a theory can be described by a morphism between the two corresponding syntactic doctrines, and the forgetful functor arises as precomposition with this last morphism. In this work, given any morphism of elementary doctrines, we prove the existence of a left adjoint of the functor induced by precomposition in the doctrine of subobjects of a Grothendieck topos.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["math.CT","math.LO"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.08380","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.08380","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-10-12T14:55:12Z","score":67},{"id":"arxiv_2310.08374","title":"Rich doctrines and Henkin's Theorem","authors":[{"name":"Francesca Guffanti"}],"abstract":"We find a possible interpretation of Henkin's Theorem in the language of existential implicational doctrines. Under some smallness assumption, starting from an implicational existential doctrine, with non-trivial fibers, we construct a new doctrine which is rich -- meaning that for every formula $\\varphi(x)$ there is a constant $c$ such that $\\exists x\\varphi(x)$ has the same truth-value of $\\varphi(c)$ -- and consistent. To obtain this result, we add a suitable amount of constants and axioms to the starting doctrine. We then show that a rich consistent doctrine admits an appropriate morphism towards the doctrine of subsets -- a model. Henkin's Theorem for doctrines follows from these two results, modeling our proof on the main lines of the original theorem.","source":"arXiv","year":2023,"language":"en","subjects":["math.CT","math.LO"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.08374","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.08374","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2023-10-12T14:45:44Z","score":67},{"id":"doaj_10.15359/rh.83.8","title":"Agua para unas comunidades y para otras no. Conflictividades y contradicciones en torno al agua para consumo humano en los territorios de Ujarrás y Conte Burica, Puntarenas, Costa Rica","authors":[{"name":"Ana Lucía Mora González"}],"abstract":"El artículo presenta una primera aproximación al análisis de la relación entre políticas públicas y conflictividades en torno al agua para consumo humano en tres comunidades pertenecientes a dos territorios indígenas de la provincia de Puntarenas: la comunidad de Alto Conte en el territorio indígena ngäbe Conteburica y las comunidades de Ujarrás y Guanacaste, en el territorio indígena cabécar Ujarrás. A partir de lo anterior, el trabajo también evidencia las diferentes formas de gestión social del agua presentes en las comunidades indígenas ante la ausencia de suministro de agua por cañería, así como las contradicciones internas y de distribución ecológica a las que son sometidos los territorios en estudio, lo cual, a su vez, se convierte en riesgos sanitarios y de calidad de vida.","source":"DOAJ","year":2021,"language":"","subjects":["History (General)","Latin America. Spanish America","History of specific doctrines and movements. Heresies and schisms"],"doi":"10.15359/rh.83.8","url":"https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/historia/article/view/14857","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":65},{"id":"arxiv_2103.05280","title":"A Brief Historical Perspective on the Consistent Histories Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics","authors":[{"name":"Gustavo Rodrigues Rocha"},{"name":"Dean Rickles"},{"name":"Florian J. Boge"}],"abstract":"It will be presented in this chapter a historical account of the consistent histories interpretation of quantum mechanics based on primary and secondary literature. Firstly, the formalism of the consistent histories approach will be outlined.   Secondly, the works by Robert Griffiths and Roland Omnès will be discussed. Griffiths' seminal 1984 paper, the first physicist to have proposed a consistent-histories interpretation of quantum mechanics, followed by Omnès' 1990 paper, were instrumental to the consistent-histories model based on Boolean logic.   Thirdly, Murray Gell-Mann and James Hartle's steps to their own version of consistent-histories approach, motivated by a cosmological perspective, will then be described and evaluated. Gell-Mann and Hartle understood that spontaneous decoherence could path the way to a concrete physical model to Griffiths' consistent histories.   Moreover, the collective biography of these figures will be put in the context of the role played by the Santa Fe Institute, co-founded by Gell-Mann in 1984 in Santa Fe, New Mexico, where Hartle is also a member of the external faculty.","source":"arXiv","year":2021,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.hist-ph","quant-ph"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.05280","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.05280","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2021-03-09T08:09:08Z","score":65},{"id":"crossref_10.1007/978-3-030-33062-0","title":"The Mystical Geography of Quebec","authors":null,"abstract":"","source":"CrossRef","year":2020,"language":"en","subjects":null,"doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-33062-0","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33062-0","pdf_url":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-030-33062-0.pdf","is_open_access":true,"citations":1,"published_at":"","score":64.03},{"id":"doaj_10.15359/rh.82.4","title":"Estado y control social sobre “la otra infancia” (abandonada) en la provincia de San José (1880-1930)","authors":[{"name":"Jeimy Trejos Salazar"}],"abstract":"El objetivo central de este artículo consiste en evidenciar la interiorización de la legislación sobre el abandono de niños y niñas en la población costarricense. También pretende demostrar el control que ejerció el Estado sobre las mujeres y familias que tuvieron dificultades para cumplir con lo que decía la legislación sobre sus obligaciones con la niñez. Finalmente, los juzgados costarricenses legitimaron su influencia sobre la población asignando los niños y niñas que se arrebataban a sus madres a personas de su mismo entorno económico, político y social. Se utilizó el análisis cualitativo de expedientes del fondo Policía y Juzgado Primero del Crimen de la provincia de San José encontrados en el Archivo Nacional de Costa Rica (ANCR). Una de las conclusiones a las que llega el trabajo es que el Estado controló a los padres dándoles obligaciones sobre sus proles y también controló a las mujeres asignándoles funciones tradicionales que les eran dadas socialmente. Lo anterior las expuso a un control social y vigilancia aún mayor.","source":"DOAJ","year":2020,"language":"","subjects":["History (General)","Latin America. Spanish America","History of specific doctrines and movements. Heresies and schisms"],"doi":"10.15359/rh.82.4","url":"https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/historia/article/view/14009","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":64},{"id":"arxiv_2009.02331","title":"History entanglement entropy","authors":[{"name":"Leonardo Castellani"}],"abstract":"A formalism is proposed to describe entangled quantum histories, and their entanglement entropy. We define a history vector, living in a tensor space with basis elements corresponding to the allowed histories, i.e. histories with nonvanishing amplitudes. The amplitudes are the components of the history vector, and contain the dynamical information. Probabilities of measurement sequences, and resulting collapse, are given by generalized Born rules: they are all expressed by means of projections and scalar products involving the history vector. Entangled history states are introduced, and a history density matrix is defined in terms of ensembles of history vectors. The corresponding history entropies (and history entanglement entropies for composite systems) are explicitly computed in two examples taken from quantum computation circuits.","source":"arXiv","year":2020,"language":"en","subjects":["quant-ph","hep-th","physics.hist-ph"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.02331","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.02331","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2020-09-04T18:00:01Z","score":64},{"id":"arxiv_2004.01484","title":"The B. B. Newman Spelling Theorem","authors":[{"name":"Carl-Fredrik Nyberg-Brodda"}],"abstract":"This article aims to be a self-contained account of the history of the B. B. Newman Spelling Theorem, including the historical context in which it arose. First, an account of B. B. Newman and how he came to prove his Spelling Theorem is given, together with a description of the author's efforts to track this information down. Following this, a high-level description of combinatorial group theory is given. This is then tied in with a description of the history of the word problem, a fundamental problem in the area. After a description of some of the theory of one-relator groups, an important part of combinatorial group theory, the natural division line into the torsion and torsion-free case for such groups is described. This culminates in a statement of and general discussion about the B. B. Newman Spelling Theorem and its importance.","source":"arXiv","year":2020,"language":"en","subjects":["math.HO","math.GR"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.01484","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.01484","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2020-04-03T11:46:01Z","score":64},{"id":"doaj_10.15359/rh.80.9","title":"Comentario del libro, Historia global de América Latina. Del siglo XXI a la Independencia, de Héctor Pérez Brignoli","authors":[{"name":"Marco Palacios Rozo"}],"abstract":"Héctor Pérez Brignoli ofrece una obra que combina narrativa historiográfica e investigación analítica de las humanidades y las ciencias sociales. El compromiso y el esfuerzo son encomiables. Trae la Historia global de América Latina un par de mapas políticos actuales, 4 tablas estadísticas y 17 gráficos; 6 ilustraciones de la obra del pintor argentino Antonio Berni y 1 caricatura; unas 700 notas de pie de página, 1 bibliografía seleccionada y 1 índice onomástico. Recoge el legado de la extraordinaria síntesis histórica de Tulio Halperín Donghi, publicada inicialmente en 1967, revisada y ampliada en 1990.","source":"DOAJ","year":2019,"language":"","subjects":["History (General)","Latin America. Spanish America","History of specific doctrines and movements. Heresies and schisms"],"doi":"10.15359/rh.80.9","url":"https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/historia/article/view/13120","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"","score":63},{"id":"arxiv_1912.00914","title":"A Changing Dichotomy: The Conception of the \"Macroscopic\" and \"Microscopic\" Worlds in the History of Physics","authors":[{"name":"Zhixin Wang"}],"abstract":"This short essay traces the conceptual history of micro- and macroscopicity in the context of physical science. By focusing on three distinct episodes spanning five centuries, we show the scientific and philosophical meanings of this antonym pair, despite never being far from \"the small\" and \"the large,\" have been evolving as the frontier of science advances. We analyze the intellectual and material impetus for these movements, and conclude that this conceptual history reflects the changing interaction between the natural world and humankind.","source":"arXiv","year":2019,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.hist-ph","physics.pop-ph"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.00914","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.00914","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2019-12-02T16:42:08Z","score":63},{"id":"arxiv_1906.10635","title":"Widening Perspectives: The Intellectual and Social Benefits of Astrobiology, Big History, and the Exploration of Space","authors":[{"name":"Ian Crawford"}],"abstract":"Astrobiology is the field of science devoted to searching for life elsewhere in the Universe. It is inherently interdisciplinary, integrating results from multiple fields of science, and in this respect has strong synergies with 'big history'. I argue that big history and astrobiology are both acting to widen human perspectives in intellectually and socially beneficial directions, especially by enhancing public awareness of cosmic and evolutionary worldviews. I will further argue that these perspectives have important implications for the social and political organisation of humanity, including the eventual political unification of our planet. Astrobiology and big history are also concerned with the future of humanity, and I will argue that this future will be culturally and intellectually enriched if it includes the exploration of the universe around us.","source":"arXiv","year":2019,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.pop-ph"],"doi":"10.22339/jbh.v3i3.3312","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.10635","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.10635","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2019-06-15T01:06:22Z","score":63},{"id":"arxiv_1810.03624","title":"History operators in quantum mechanics","authors":[{"name":"Leonardo Castellani"}],"abstract":"It is convenient to describe a quantum system at all times by means of a \"history operator\" $C$, encoding measurements and unitary time evolution between measurements. These operators naturally arise when computing the probability of measurement sequences, and generalize the \"sum over position histories \" of the Feynman path-integral. As we argue in the present note, this description has some computational advantages over the usual state vector description, and may help to clarify some issues regarding nonlocality of quantum correlations and collapse. A measurement on a system described by $C$ modifies the history operator, $C \\rightarrow PC$, where $P$ is the projector corresponding to the measurement. We refer to this modification as \"history operator collapse\". Thus $C$ keeps track of the succession of measurements on a system, and contains all histories compatible with the results of these measurements. The collapse modifies the history content of $C$, and therefore modifies also the past (relative to the measurement), but never in a way to violate causality. Probabilities of outcomes are obtained as $Tr(C^\\dagger P C)/Tr(C^\\dagger C)$. A similar formula yields probabilities for intermediate measurements, and reproduces the result of the two-vector formalism in the case of given initial and final states. We apply the history operator formalism to a few examples: entangler circuit, Mach-Zehnder interferometer, teleportation circuit, three-box experiment. Not surprisingly, the propagation of coordinate eigenstates $|q\\rangle$ is described by a history operator $C$ containing the Feynman path-integral.","source":"arXiv","year":2018,"language":"en","subjects":["quant-ph","hep-th","physics.hist-ph"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.03624","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1810.03624","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2018-10-08T18:00:08Z","score":62},{"id":"arxiv_1804.10881","title":"Astrometry history: Hipparcos from 1964 to 1980","authors":[{"name":"Erik Høg"}],"abstract":"Here follow three reports covering different aspects of the early history from 1964 to 1980 of the Hipparcos satellite mission. The first report \"Interviews about the creation of Hipparcos\" contains interviews from 2017 with scientists about how the mission was conceived up to the begin of technical development. The second report \"From TYCHO to Hipparcos 1975 to 1979\" is about the Hipparcos development based on new material from my archive. From my 65 years dedicated to the development of astrometry, I argue that very special historical circumstances in Europe were decisive for the idea of space astrometry to become reality: Hipparcos did not just come because astrophysicists needed the data. The third report \"Miraculous 1980 for Hipparcos\" documents how the approval of the astrometric mission in January 1980 in competition with an astrophysical mission was only achieved with very great difficulty, even after an outstanding astrophysicist had presented overwhelming arguments that the astrometric mission would be scientifically much more important.","source":"arXiv","year":2018,"language":"en","subjects":["physics.hist-ph","astro-ph.IM"],"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.10881","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.10881","is_open_access":true,"published_at":"2018-04-29T06:40:14Z","score":62}],"total":2775505,"page":1,"page_size":20,"sources":["DOAJ","arXiv","CrossRef"],"query":"History of specific doctrines and movements. Heresies and schisms"}