Seismic Analysis of Circular Building and Rectangular Building

The seismic performance of buildings is a critical factor in structural engineering, especially in regions prone to earthquakes. Among various geometries, circular and rectangular buildings are widely adopted in architectural designs due to their functional and aesthetic appeal. This review paper provides an in-depth examination of the seismic behaviour of these two geometries using STAAD Pro, a widely used structural analysis and design software. Circular buildings exhibit distinct advantages in seismic resilience, such as uniform stress distribution and enhanced torsional resistance, stemming from their symmetric geometry. However, their structural complexity and higher construction costs pose significant challenges. Rectangular buildings, being simpler and more economical to construct, dominate urban landscapes but are often prone to stress concentration at corners and higher torsional vulnerability in asymmetric configurations. This paper explores various case studies and research findings to analyze the dynamic responses of these geometries under seismic loads using STAAD Pro simulations. Circular buildings demonstrate superior energy dissipation and reduced seismic drift, while rectangular buildings require additional structural interventions, such as shear walls and base isolation systems, to achieve comparable resilience. The review also emphasizes the importance of advanced modelling techniques in STAAD Pro to enhance the seismic performance of both geometries. Key findings from the comparative analysis underline the need for careful planning and innovative design solutions to address the inherent challenges associated with each shape. Furthermore, this paper identifies critical research gaps, such as the need for experimental validation and exploration of hybrid geometries, to bridge existing knowledge gaps and push the boundaries of seismic engineering. In conclusion, this review highlights the interplay between geometry, structural dynamics, and seismic resilience, offering valuable insights for architects, engineers, and researchers. By integrating state-of-the-art technologies, sustainable design approaches, and STAAD Pro’s capabilities, future advancements in seismic analysis can lead to the development of safer, cost-effective, and more resilient structures, ultimately mitigating the devastating impacts of earthquakes on the built environment.