TOPONYMIC ASPECT OF THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MINERAL DEPOSITS IN THE SOUTHERN URALS

The article analyzes the official toponymic systems of mine deposits located in the territory of the modern Chelyabinsk region. It considers the names of the objects of the Ilmen Reserve, Kochkar gold deposit, Astafyevsky and Svetlinsky deposits of rock crystal, and various deposits of Bredinsky district. Specialized scientific literature of geological, historical and topographic profile was used as a source of material. The volume of this material, which includes names related to the extraction of completely different minerals in a relatively large area over a significant chronological period, and a significant number of analyzed toponyms (about 950 units), makes it possible to systematically present the history of the development of the natural resources of the Southern Urals, as reflected in the language. It is concluded that extralinguistic factors of a natural-geological, and most importantly, socio-economic nature, are of great importance and have a decisive influence on the formation and system of the object names. The toponymic system allows reconstructing the social portrait of the nominating team with considerable accuracy. The prospector reflects in the name characteristics of the object that are essential for the work, the owner of the capital reflects the organizational specifics, but in such systems the share of anthroponymic entities is also high. The Soviet mining engineer points out the general geological features of an object that are important for mining, or simply marks its location by metonymic transfer. At the same time, the ideological attitudes are not significant.