Semantic Scholar Open Access 2025 82 sitasi

Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023

S. Hay K. Ong D. Santomauro Bhoomadevi A M. Aalipour +495 lainnya

Abstrak

Summary Background For more than three decades, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) has provided a framework to quantify health loss due to diseases, injuries, and associated risk factors. This paper presents GBD 2023 findings on disease and injury burden and risk-attributable health loss, offering a global audit of the state of world health to inform public health priorities. This work captures the evolving landscape of health metrics across age groups, sexes, and locations, while reflecting on the remaining post-COVID-19 challenges to achieving our collective global health ambitions. Methods The GBD 2023 combined analysis estimated years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 375 diseases and injuries, and risk-attributable burden associated with 88 modifiable risk factors. Of the more than 310 000 total data sources used for all GBD 2023 (about 30% of which were new to this estimation round), more than 120 000 sources were used for estimation of disease and injury burden and 59 000 for risk factor estimation, and included vital registration systems, surveys, disease registries, and published scientific literature. Data were analysed using previously established modelling approaches, such as disease modelling meta-regression version 2.1 (DisMod-MR 2.1) and comparative risk assessment methods. Diseases and injuries were categorised into four levels on the basis of the established GBD cause hierarchy, as were risk factors using the GBD risk hierarchy. Estimates stratified by age, sex, location, and year from 1990 to 2023 were focused on disease-specific time trends over the 2010–23 period and presented as counts (to three significant figures) and age-standardised rates per 100 000 person-years (to one decimal place). For each measure, 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs] were calculated with the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile ordered values from a 250-draw distribution. Findings Total numbers of global DALYs grew 6·1% (95% UI 4·0–8·1), from 2·64 billion (2·46–2·86) in 2010 to 2·80 billion (2·57–3·08) in 2023, but age-standardised DALY rates, which account for population growth and ageing, decreased by 12·6% (11·0–14·1), revealing large long-term health improvements. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) contributed 1·45 billion (1·31–1·61) global DALYs in 2010, increasing to 1·80 billion (1·63–2·03) in 2023, alongside a concurrent 4·1% (1·9–6·3) reduction in age-standardised rates. Based on DALY counts, the leading level 3 NCDs in 2023 were ischaemic heart disease (193 million [176–209] DALYs), stroke (157 million [141–172]), and diabetes (90·2 million [75·2–107]), with the largest increases in age-standardised rates since 2010 occurring for anxiety disorders (62·8% [34·0–107·5]), depressive disorders (26·3% [11·6–42·9]), and diabetes (14·9% [7·5–25·6]). Remarkable health gains were made for communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) diseases, with DALYs falling from 874 million (837–917) in 2010 to 681 million (642–736) in 2023, and a 25·8% (22·6–28·7) reduction in age-standardised DALY rates. During the COVID-19 pandemic, DALYs due to CMNN diseases rose but returned to pre-pandemic levels by 2023. From 2010 to 2023, decreases in age-standardised rates for CMNN diseases were led by rate decreases of 49·1% (32·7–61·0) for diarrhoeal diseases, 42·9% (38·0–48·0) for HIV/AIDS, and 42·2% (23·6–56·6) for tuberculosis. Neonatal disorders and lower respiratory infections remained the leading level 3 CMNN causes globally in 2023, although both showed notable rate decreases from 2010, declining by 16·5% (10·6–22·0) and 24·8% (7·4–36·7), respectively. Injury-related age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 15·6% (10·7–19·8) over the same period. Differences in burden due to NCDs, CMNN diseases, and injuries persisted across age, sex, time, and location. Based on our risk analysis, nearly 50% (1·27 billion [1·18–1·38]) of the roughly 2·80 billion total global DALYs in 2023 were attributable to the 88 risk factors analysed in GBD. Globally, the five level 3 risk factors contributing the highest proportion of risk-attributable DALYs were high systolic blood pressure (SBP), particulate matter pollution, high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), smoking, and low birthweight and short gestation—with high SBP accounting for 8·4% (6·9–10·0) of total DALYs. Of the three overarching level 1 GBD risk factor categories—behavioural, metabolic, and environmental and occupational—risk-attributable DALYs rose between 2010 and 2023 only for metabolic risks, increasing by 30·7% (24·8–37·3); however, age-standardised DALY rates attributable to metabolic risks decreased by 6·7% (2·0–11·0) over the same period. For all but three of the 25 leading level 3 risk factors, age-standardised rates dropped between 2010 and 2023—eg, declining by 54·4% (38·7–65·3) for unsafe sanitation, 50·5% (33·3–63·1) for unsafe water source, and 45·2% (25·6–72·0) for no access to handwashing facility, and by 44·9% (37·3–53·5) for child growth failure. The three leading level 3 risk factors for which age-standardised attributable DALY rates rose were high BMI (10·5% [0·1 to 20·9]), drug use (8·4% [2·6 to 15·3]), and high FPG (6·2% [–2·7 to 15·6]; non-significant). Interpretation Our findings underscore the complex and dynamic nature of global health challenges. Since 2010, there have been large decreases in burden due to CMNN diseases and many environmental and behavioural risk factors, juxtaposed with sizeable increases in DALYs attributable to metabolic risk factors and NCDs in growing and ageing populations. This long-observed consequence of the global epidemiological transition was only temporarily interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The substantially decreasing CMNN disease burden, despite the 2008 global financial crisis and pandemic-related disruptions, is one of the greatest collective public health successes known. However, these achievements are at risk of being reversed due to major cuts to development assistance for health globally, the effects of which will hit low-income countries with high burden the hardest. Without sustained investment in evidence-based interventions and policies, progress could stall or reverse, leading to widespread human costs and geopolitical instability. Moreover, the rising NCD burden necessitates intensified efforts to mitigate exposure to leading risk factors—eg, air pollution, smoking, and metabolic risks, such as high SBP, BMI, and FPG—including policies that promote food security, healthier diets, physical activity, and equitable and expanded access to potential treatments, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists. Decisive, coordinated action is needed to address long-standing yet growing health challenges, including depressive and anxiety disorders. Yet this can be only part of the solution. Our response to the NCD syndemic—the complex interaction of multiple health risks, social determinants, and systemic challenges—will define the future landscape of global health. To ensure human wellbeing, economic stability, and social equity, global action to sustain and advance health gains must prioritise reducing disparities by addressing socioeconomic and demographic determinants, ensuring equitable health-care access, tackling malnutrition, strengthening health systems, and improving vaccination coverage. We live in times of great opportunity. Funding Gates Foundation and Bloomberg Philanthropies.

Topik & Kata Kunci

Medicine

Penulis (500)

S. Hay

K. Ong

D. Santomauro

Bhoomadevi A

M. Aalipour

Hasan Aalruz

H. Ababneh

U. Abaraogu

B. Abate

C. Abbafati

Nasir Abbas

M. Abbasifard

M. Abbasi-Kangevari

S. A. Abd ElHafeez

Ashraf Nabiel Abdalla

Mohammed Altigani Abdalla

E. Abdallah

Barkhad Aden Abdeeq

Nadin M. Abdel Razeq

Ahmed A. Abdelgalil

Reda Abdel-Hameed

Michael Abdelmasseh

Mahmoud H Abdelnabi

Wael M Abdel-Rahman

S. Abd-Elsalam

Sepideh Abdi

Mohammad Abdollahi

M. Abdoun

A. Abdous

J. A. Abdul Aziz

Deldar Morad Abdulah

R. Abdulkader

Adam Abdullahi

Auwal Abdullahi

Toufik Abdul-Rahman

K. Abdykerimova

Habtamu Abebe Getahun

Aidin Abedi

Armita Abedi

Asrat Agalu Abejew

R. A. Abeldaño Zúñiga

E. Abhilash

Shehab Uddin Al Abid

Syed Hani Abidi

Alemwork Abie

O. Abiodun

R. Aboagye

S. Abohashem

Hassan Abolhassani

U. S. Abonie

Nagah M. Abourashed

M. Abouzid

Dmitry Abramov

Lucas Guimarães Abreu

Dariush Abtahi

R. Abu Farha

F. Abuadas

A. Abubakar

Bilyaminu Abubakar

Eman Abu-Gharbieh

Sawsan Abuhammad

A. Abuhelwa

Hana J. Abukhadijah

N. Abu-Rmeileh

Salahdein Aburuz

D. Abushanab

R. Achar

Anirudh B Acharya

Apurba Acharya

Ilana N. Ackerman

J. M. Acuna

Ousman Adal

Lisa C. Adams

L. Adamu

M. M. Adane

Zenaw Debasu Addisu

I. Y. Addo

O. Adeagbo

T. A. Adebisi

I. Adedeji

David Adedia

Kamoru A. Adedokun

R. Adedoyin

O. Adegbile

O. Adegboye

N. A. Adegoke

O. Adeleke

Isaac Ayodeji Adesina

M. Adesina

H. Adewuyi

T. Adeyeoluwa

O. Adeyomoye

Kishor Adhikari

R. Adhikary

U. Adiga

M. Adnan

Q. Adnani

P. Adoma

Leticia Akua Adzigbli

David Adzrago

G. Affinito

Ahmed M. Afifi

A. Afolabi

R. Afolabi

Saira Afzal

Gizachew Beykaso Agafari

S. B. Agampodi

Temesgen Anjulo Ageru

Navidha Aggarwal

Mahdi Aghaalikhani

Sepehr Aghajanian

S. K. Aghamir

Cesar Agostinis Sobrinho

Anurag Agrawal

Williams Agyemang-Duah

Mahsa Ahadi

B. Ahinkorah

Aqeel Ahmad

Danish Ahmad

Faisal Ahmad

K. Ahmad

Khurshid Ahmad

Muayyad M. Ahmad

Noah Ahmad

Rabbiya Ahmad

Sajjad Ahmad

Tauseef Ahmad

Waqas Ahmad

Negar Sadat Ahmadi

A. M. Ahmadzade

M. Ahmadzade

A. Ahmed

Anisuddin Ahmed

Ayman Ahmed

Gasha Salih Ahmed

H. Ahmed

Junaid Ahmed

Luai A. Ahmed

Mehrunnisha Ahmed

Meqdad Saleh Ahmed

M. Ahmed

Mushood Ahmed

Oli Ahmed

Shabbir Ahmed

S. Ahmed

G. Aimagambetova

Ahmed AJ Jabbar

D. E. Ajala

Marjan Ajami

A. O. Ajose

Hossein Akbarialiabad

Saeid Akbarifard

Oluwasefunmi Akeju

R. Akhigbe

O. A. Akinkuotu

K. Akinosoglou

M. Akkaif

Sreelatha Akkala

Wole Akosile

Hammad Akram

Ashley E Akrami

R. Akyea

Ala’a Al Amiry

Salah Al Awaidy

S. A. Al Hasan

Omar Al Omari

M. Al Qadire

Omar Al Ta'ani

W. A. Al Taie

Yazan Al Thaher

Omar Ali Mohammed Al Zaabi

Mohammad Ahmmad Mahmoud Al Zoubi

M. Al-Abbadi

Y. Al-Ajlouni

T. Alalwan

Z. Al-Aly

K. Alam

Manjurul Alam

Mohammad Khursheed Alam

Mostafa Alam

Rasmieh M. Al-amer

Abebaw Alamrew

A. Alansari

Turki M. Alanzi

Fahmi Y. Al-Ashwal

R. Al-Asmar

Seyed Mohammad Alavi

Mohammed ALBashtawy

Astefanos Al-Dalakta

Khalifah A. Aldawsari

W. Aldhaleei

M. Aldossary

R. Aldridge

Raouf Alebshehy

Shereen M. Aleidi

Beza Alemayehu

Tekletsadik Tekleslassie Alemayehu

Fentahun Alemnew

Melaku Birhanu Alemu

A. Al-Eyadhy

A. Alfalki

F. Algahtani

A. Algammal

M. Algethami

A. Al-Gheethi

Khairat Al-Habbal

K. Alhabib

N. Alhaji

S. Al-Hajj

F. Alhalaiqa

M. K. Al-Hanawi

Aminu Alhassan Alhassan Ibrahim

Ashraf Alhumaidi

F. Alhumaydhi

Dari Alhuwail

Abid Ali

H. Ali

Irfan Ali

Maratab Ali

Mohammad Ali

M. Ali

Rafat Ali

Shahid Ali

Syed Shujait Shujait Ali

Syed Yusuf Ali

Waad Ali

A. Al-ibraheem

G. Alicandro

Montaha Al-Iede

S. M. Alif

Morteza Alipour

Samah W. Al-Jabi

M. Aljasir

M. Aljofan

Adel Al-Jumaily

S. Aljunid

Ahmad Alkhatib

Mayson H. Alkhatib

Mustafa Alkhawam

Atefeh Allahbakhshian

Khaled S. Allemailem

Mohammed Z Allouh

Wesam Almagharbeh

W. Almahmeed

Sabah Al-Marwani

N. Almasri

Joseph Almazan

Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi

Omar Almidani

Amr Almobayed

K. Alnawafleh

Hasan Y. Alniss

Margret Beaula Alocious Sukumar

Mahmoud A. Alomari

Mohammad R. Alosta

Jaber S. Alqahtani

Saleh A Alqahtani

Mohammad R Alqudimat

A. Al-Qudimat

Ahmad Alrawashdeh

Intima Alrimawi

S. Alrousan

Salman Khalifah Al-Sabah

Mohammed A. Alsabri

Najim Z. Alshahrani

M. Alshehri

Z. Altaany

Awais Altaf

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J. Al-Tawfiq

Malik A Althobiani

K. Altirkawi

J. Álvarez-Gálvez

Vera L Alves Carneiro

N. Alvis-Guzmán

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Hassan Alwafi

M. Al-Wardat

Y. Al-Worafi

Hany Aly

Mohammad Sharif Ibrahim Alyahya

Amal Alzahmi

H. Alzahrani

K. Alzoubi

Md Akib Al-Zubayer

U. A. Amaechi

Ekiyor Joseph Amafah

Joy Amafah

Masoud Aman mohammadi

Reza Amani-Beni

A. Amegah

F. Amer

Bardia Amidi

A. Amin

T. Amin

Alireza Amindarolzarbi

Saeed Amini

Ehsan Amini-Salehi

Nafiu Aminu

Majid Aminzare

Sohrab Amiri

Joanne O Amlag

D. Amugsi

J. Amzat

F. Anagnostakis

Roshan A. Ananda

R. Ancuceanu

D. Anderlini

David B Anderson

Jason A Anderson

Sofia Androudi

S. Anenberg

Song Peng Ang

Colin Angus

Nguyen Hoang Anh

S. E. Ankomah

Kabilan Annadurai

Amir Anoushiravani

Iman Ansari

Sumbul Ansari

Umair Ansari

Rahel Mulatie Anteneh

Josep M. Antó

C. Antony

E. Antriyandarti

B. Anuoluwa

Saleha Anwar

S. Anwar

R. Anwer

Shahnawaz Anwer

A. Anyasodor

G. L. Apostol

J. P. Arab

Hossein Arabi

J. Arabloo

M. Arafat

Aleksandr Y. Aravkin

D. Areda

J. Arias de la Torre

Hany Ariffin

B. Armocida

Johan Ärnlöv

Jesu Arockiaraj

Mahwish Arooj

A. Artamonov

K. D. Artanti

R. T. Aruleba

Deepavalli Arumuganainar

Nurila Aryntayeva

Mahsa Asadi Anar

Md Asaduzzaman

Syed Mohammad Basherudin Asdaq

Shewatatek Melaku Asefa

Mulu Tiruneh Asemu

Saeed Asgary

M. Asghari-Jafarabadi

Charlie Ashbaugh

Syed Amir Ashraf

Tahira Ashraf

Mitra Ashrafi

M. Ashrafizadeh

B. Asiamah-Asare

M. Aslam

Saeed Aslani

Yuni Asri

B. Assembekov

T. Astell-Burt

Mahshid Ataei

Mirbahador Athari

S. Athari

M. Atout

Sachin R Atre

A. Atreya

Julie Alaere Atta

Zeenah A Atwan

Z. Aumoldaeva

M. Ausloos

Abolfazl Avan

N. Avelar

Sana Javaid Awan

Babafela B Awosile

A. Awotidebe

L. A. Ayana

Seyyed Hamidreza Ayatizadeh

O. Ayinde

Y. Ayipo

S. M. Ayyoubzadeh

Davood Azadi

S. Azadnajafabad

Alireza Azarboo

A. Azargoonjahromi

Masood Azhar

Farya Azimi

Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz

S. Aziz

Amin Azizan

A. Azzam

D. Azzolino

Z. Babandi

Rasha Babiker

G. R. Babu

Israel Tadesse Bacha

Muhammad Badar

A. Badiye

A. A. Badran

Youngoh Bae

Arvind Bagga

Soroush Baghdadi

Nasser Bagheri

Sara Bagheri

Elahe Baghizadeh

Fereshteh Baghizadeh

Sana Baghizadeh

K. Baghlaf

Najmeh Bahmanziari

Mohammad Amin Bahrami

Razieh Bahreini

Ruhai Bai

A. Baig

Vali Baigi

Shankar M. Bakkannavar

A. T. Bako

Senthilkumar Balakrishnan

W. F. Balcha

Maher Balkis

Jose Balmori-de-la-Miyar

Mohammadreza Balooch Hasankhani

Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu

Shatha Bamashmous

Maciej Banach

M. Banakar

Palash Chandra Banik

R. Banik

S. Barati

Noel C Barengo

S. Barker-Collo

H. Barqawi

Ismael A Barreras Beltran

Amadou Barrow

S. Barteit

Lingkan Barua

Md. Abu Bashar

Z. Basharat

Shahid Bashir

Guido Basile

P. Baskaran

Rehana Basri

Quique Bassat

Mohammad-Mahdi Bastan

Sanjay Basu

S. Basu

Kavita Batra

B. Baune

Mahdis Bayat

Mohammad Amin Bayat Tork

Mulat Tirfie Bayih

Feyisa Bayisa

N. Bayleyegn

T. Beaney

Neeraj Bedi

N. Beeraka

Priyamadhaba Behera

Jina Behjati

Babak Behnam

A. Behnoush

B. Bekele

Asnake Gashaw Belayneh

Melesse Belayneh

A. Belete

Gokce Belge Bilgin

Michael Belingheri

M. Bello

O. Bello

Luis Belo

Apostolos Beloukas

S. Bendak

Riyad Bendardaf

C. Benjet

Derrick A. Bennett

Isabela M. Benseñor

Samiun Nazrin Bente Kamal Tune

Habib Benzian

Z. Berezvai

M. Bergami

Alemshet Yirga Berhie

A. Berihun

A. N. Bermudez

Eduardo Bernabé

Robert S. Bernstein

P. J. Bettencourt

A. Bhadoria

A. Bhagavathula

N. Bhala

Jeetendra Bhandari

K. Bhangdia

Ravi G. Bharadwaj

Sonu M M Bhaskar

A. Bhat

Anup Bhat

Format Sitasi

APA MLA BibTeX

Hay, S., Ong, K., Santomauro, D., A, B., Aalipour, M., Aalruz, H. et al. (2025). Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)01637-x

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Afolabi and R. Afolabi and Saira Afzal and Gizachew Beykaso Agafari and S. B. Agampodi and Temesgen Anjulo Ageru and Navidha Aggarwal and Mahdi Aghaalikhani and Sepehr Aghajanian and S. K. Aghamir and Cesar Agostinis Sobrinho and Anurag Agrawal and Williams Agyemang-Duah and Mahsa Ahadi and B. Ahinkorah and Aqeel Ahmad and Danish Ahmad and Faisal Ahmad and K. Ahmad and Khurshid Ahmad and Muayyad M. Ahmad and Noah Ahmad and Rabbiya Ahmad and Sajjad Ahmad and Tauseef Ahmad and Waqas Ahmad and Negar Sadat Ahmadi and A. M. Ahmadzade and M. Ahmadzade and A. Ahmed and Anisuddin Ahmed and Ayman Ahmed and Gasha Salih Ahmed and H. Ahmed and Junaid Ahmed and Luai A. Ahmed and Mehrunnisha Ahmed and Meqdad Saleh Ahmed and M. Ahmed and Mushood Ahmed and Oli Ahmed and Shabbir Ahmed and S. Ahmed and G. Aimagambetova and Ahmed AJ Jabbar and D. E. Ajala and Marjan Ajami and A. O. Ajose and Hossein Akbarialiabad and Saeid Akbarifard and Oluwasefunmi Akeju and R. Akhigbe and O. A. Akinkuotu and K. Akinosoglou and M. Akkaif and Sreelatha Akkala and Wole Akosile and Hammad Akram and Ashley E Akrami and R. Akyea and Ala’a Al Amiry and Salah Al Awaidy and S. A. Al Hasan and Omar Al Omari and M. Al Qadire and Omar Al Ta'ani and W. A. Al Taie and Yazan Al Thaher and Omar Ali Mohammed Al Zaabi and Mohammad Ahmmad Mahmoud Al Zoubi and M. Al-Abbadi and Y. Al-Ajlouni and T. Alalwan and Z. Al-Aly and K. Alam and Manjurul Alam and Mohammad Khursheed Alam and Mostafa Alam and Rasmieh M. Al-amer and Abebaw Alamrew and A. Alansari and Turki M. Alanzi and Fahmi Y. Al-Ashwal and R. Al-Asmar and Seyed Mohammad Alavi and Mohammed ALBashtawy and Astefanos Al-Dalakta and Khalifah A. Aldawsari and W. Aldhaleei and M. Aldossary and R. Aldridge and Raouf Alebshehy and Shereen M. Aleidi and Beza Alemayehu and Tekletsadik Tekleslassie Alemayehu and Fentahun Alemnew and Melaku Birhanu Alemu and A. Al-Eyadhy and A. Alfalki and F. Algahtani and A. Algammal and M. Algethami and A. Al-Gheethi and Khairat Al-Habbal and K. Alhabib and N. Alhaji and S. Al-Hajj and F. Alhalaiqa and M. K. Al-Hanawi and Aminu Alhassan Alhassan Ibrahim and Ashraf Alhumaidi and F. Alhumaydhi and Dari Alhuwail and Abid Ali and H. Ali and Irfan Ali and Maratab Ali and Mohammad Ali and M. Ali and Rafat Ali and Shahid Ali and Syed Shujait Shujait Ali and Syed Yusuf Ali and Waad Ali and A. Al-ibraheem and G. Alicandro and Montaha Al-Iede and S. M. Alif and Morteza Alipour and Samah W. Al-Jabi and M. Aljasir and M. Aljofan and Adel Al-Jumaily and S. Aljunid and Ahmad Alkhatib and Mayson H. Alkhatib and Mustafa Alkhawam and Atefeh Allahbakhshian and Khaled S. Allemailem and Mohammed Z Allouh and Wesam Almagharbeh and W. Almahmeed and Sabah Al-Marwani and N. Almasri and Joseph Almazan and Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi and Omar Almidani and Amr Almobayed and K. Alnawafleh and Hasan Y. Alniss and Margret Beaula Alocious Sukumar and Mahmoud A. Alomari and Mohammad R. Alosta and Jaber S. 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Badran and Youngoh Bae and Arvind Bagga and Soroush Baghdadi and Nasser Bagheri and Sara Bagheri and Elahe Baghizadeh and Fereshteh Baghizadeh and Sana Baghizadeh and K. Baghlaf and Najmeh Bahmanziari and Mohammad Amin Bahrami and Razieh Bahreini and Ruhai Bai and A. Baig and Vali Baigi and Shankar M. Bakkannavar and A. T. Bako and Senthilkumar Balakrishnan and W. F. Balcha and Maher Balkis and Jose Balmori-de-la-Miyar and Mohammadreza Balooch Hasankhani and Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu and Shatha Bamashmous and Maciej Banach and M. Banakar and Palash Chandra Banik and R. Banik and S. Barati and Noel C Barengo and S. Barker-Collo and H. Barqawi and Ismael A Barreras Beltran and Amadou Barrow and S. Barteit and Lingkan Barua and Md. Abu Bashar and Z. Basharat and Shahid Bashir and Guido Basile and P. Baskaran and Rehana Basri and Quique Bassat and Mohammad-Mahdi Bastan and Sanjay Basu and S. Basu and Kavita Batra and B. Baune and Mahdis Bayat and Mohammad Amin Bayat Tork and Mulat Tirfie Bayih and Feyisa Bayisa and N. Bayleyegn and T. Beaney and Neeraj Bedi and N. Beeraka and Priyamadhaba Behera and Jina Behjati and Babak Behnam and A. Behnoush and B. Bekele and Asnake Gashaw Belayneh and Melesse Belayneh and A. Belete and Gokce Belge Bilgin and Michael Belingheri and M. Bello and O. Bello and Luis Belo and Apostolos Beloukas and S. Bendak and Riyad Bendardaf and C. Benjet and Derrick A. Bennett and Isabela M. Benseñor and Samiun Nazrin Bente Kamal Tune and Habib Benzian and Z. Berezvai and M. Bergami and Alemshet Yirga Berhie and A. Berihun and A. N. Bermudez and Eduardo Bernabé and Robert S. Bernstein and P. J. Bettencourt and A. Bhadoria and A. Bhagavathula and N. Bhala and Jeetendra Bhandari and K. Bhangdia and Ravi G. Bharadwaj and Sonu M M Bhaskar and A. Bhat and Anup Bhat}, title = {Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023}, year = {2025}, journal = {Semantic Scholar}, doi = {10.1016/s0140-6736(25)01637-x}, url = {https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/efba4b9b0b634267e54d8fb6acd965175b3453db}, }

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Informasi Jurnal

Tahun Terbit: 2025
Bahasa: en
Total Sitasi: 82×
Sumber Database: Semantic Scholar
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(25)01637-x
Akses: Open Access ✓