Labor mobility as an effective instrument of territorial organization of rural areas

In the context of the transformation of the republic’s economy, issues of labor mobility have gained particular importance. Within the structure of labor movements, territorial mobility is increasingly prominent, influencing the quality of labor potential, determining the state of regional labor markets, and contributing to more efficient use of labor resources through their redistribution. One of the main economic problems is the shortage of agricultural specialists and the migration of the rural population to cities. The purpose is to identify personnel shortages in rural areas based on statistical migration data, examine labor income levels by economic sector, and develop proposals aimed at increasing the mobility of workers in the agrarian sector. Methods — statistical, comparative analysis, and systematization methods were applied to identify the volume of interregional rotation of rural workers and average monthly wages by type of economic activity. Results — the proposed approach to assessing the social mobility of the workforce, combined with effective practical implementation of a modern human capital management system, will make it possible to obtain a more complete picture of the social and labor sphere of Kazakhstan’s rural territories. Conclusions — the shortage of workers in regional agriculture is associated with rural-to-urban migration, relatively low wage levels in the agricultural sector compared to other economic activities, and ineffective personnel mobility. Programs for rural development should include effective mechanisms for ensuring rural employment and comprehensive state support measures that stimulate the creation of farms and personal subsidiary plots under conditions of diversification of the agro-industrial complex.