Novoe Biksenteevo Hoards: Typology and X-ray Fluorescence Analysis

In 2022—2024, research in the Eastern Cross-Kama area in the territory of the Novoye Biksenteevo village revealed two hoards of bronze items from the Lomovatovskaya culture: 54 items in the first hoard and 12 in the second, a significant portion of which consisted of composite rattling jewelry. X-ray fluorescence analysis of these finds was carried out at the Collective Use Centre of IA RAS. Most of the items were made of tin-lead and tin bronze; in several items, the increased content of aluminum and zinc was recorded. A considerable variation in the percentage of the main impurities indicates that a significant part of the items were subjected to repeated remelting after their breakage. Most of the items were made of tin-lead and tin bronze, with the increased content of aluminum and zinc documented in a number of items. A considerable variation in the percentage of the main impurities indicates that a significant part of the items was subjected to repeated remelting after their breakage. Most of the jewelry items date back to the 7th century and find close analogies in female ornaments of the Permian Finnic cultures. The latest finds allow dating these hoards to the turn of the 7th—8th centuries or the first quarter of the 8th century.