Genome-Wide Survey of SNP Variation Uncovers the Genetic Structure of Cattle Breeds
Abstrak
A survey of genetic diversity of cattle suggests two domestication events in Asia and selection by husbandry. Not Just Dinner on Legs Several thousand years ago, human beings realized the virtues of domesticating wild animals as easy meat. Soon other possibilities became apparent, and as revealed in a series of papers in this issue, early pastoralists became selective about breeding for wool, leather, milk, and muscle power. In two papers, Gibbs et al. report on the bovine genome sequence (p. 522; see the cover, the Perspective by Lewin, and the Policy Forum by Roberts) and trace the diversity and genetic history of cattle (p. 528), while Chessa et al. (p. 532) survey the occurrence of endogenous retroviruses in sheep and map their distribution to historical waves of human selection and dispersal across Europe. Finally, Ludwig et al. (p. 485) note the origins of variation in the coat-color of horses and suggest that it is most likely to have been selected for by humans in need of good-looking transport. The imprints of domestication and breed development on the genomes of livestock likely differ from those of companion animals. A deep draft sequence assembly of shotgun reads from a single Hereford female and comparative sequences sampled from six additional breeds were used to develop probes to interrogate 37,470 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 497 cattle from 19 geographically and biologically diverse breeds. These data show that cattle have undergone a rapid recent decrease in effective population size from a very large ancestral population, possibly due to bottlenecks associated with domestication, selection, and breed formation. Domestication and artificial selection appear to have left detectable signatures of selection within the cattle genome, yet the current levels of diversity within breeds are at least as great as exists within humans.
Penulis (91)
R. Gibbs
Jeremy F. Taylor
C. V. Van Tassell
W. Barendse
K. Eversole
C. Gill
R. Green
D. Hamernik
S. Kappes
S. Lien
L. Matukumalli
J. McEwan
L. Nazareth
R. Schnabel
G. Weinstock
D. Wheeler
P. Ajmone-Marsan
P. Boettcher
A. R. Caetano
José Fernando Garcia
O. Hanotte
P. Mariani
L. Skow
T. Sonstegard
J. Williams
B. Diallo
Lemecha Hailemariam
M. L. Martinez
C. Morris
L. O. C. Silva
R. Spelman
W. Mulatu
Keyan Zhao
C. Abbey
M. Agaba
F. Araújo
R. Bunch
J. Burton
C. Gorni
Hanotte Olivier
B. Harrison
B. Luff
M. A. Machado
J. Mwakaya
G. Plastow
Warren Sim
T. Smith
M. Thomas
A. Valentini
P. Williams
J. Womack
J. Woolliams
Yue Liu
X. Qin
K. Worley
Chuan Gao
Huaiyang Jiang
S. Moore
Yanru Ren
Xing-Zhi Song
C. Bustamante
Ryan D. Hernandez
D. Muzny
Shobha Patil
A. San Lucas
Qing Fu
M. Kent
Richard Vega
Aruna Matukumalli
Sean McWilliam
G. Sclep
K. Bryc
Jung-Woo Choi
Hong Gao
J. Grefenstette
B. Murdoch
A. Stella
R. Villa-Angulo
M. Wright
J. Aerts
O. Jann
R. Negrini
M. Goddard
B. Hayes
D. Bradley
Marcos Vinicius G. Barbosa da Silva
Lilian Lau
G. Liu
D. Lynn
F. Panzitta
K. Dodds
Akses Cepat
- Tahun Terbit
- 2009
- Bahasa
- en
- Total Sitasi
- 833×
- Sumber Database
- Semantic Scholar
- DOI
- 10.1126/science.1167936
- Akses
- Open Access ✓