Muscle Biopsy Findings in Valosin-Containing Protein Multisystem Proteinopathy
Abstrak
Background and Objectives Valosin Containing Protein-associated multisystem proteinopathy (VCP-MSP) is a progressive, autosomal dominant disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the VCP gene, resulting in a heterogeneous clinical presentation. Muscle biopsy findings are characteristic but not pathognomonic. This study aimed to comprehensively analyse VCP-related myopathology and explore correlations with clinical phenotypes, genetic variants, and disease progression. Methods Muscle biopsy images and data were collected retrospectively from adults (≥18 years) with pathogenic or likely pathogenic VCP variants enrolled in the VCP Multicentre International Study. Biopsy data were standardized using the “Common Data Elements for Muscle Biopsy Reporting.” Variations in biopsy findings were analysed by biopsy site, time from disease onset, the four most common VCP variants, and clinical phenotypes. Result A total of 112 muscle biopsies were included. Most individuals were male (66.0%). The mean age at biopsy was 53.3 years (SD 10.0), with a mean disease duration of 6.5 years (SD 4.5). The most frequent VCP variant was c.464G>A (p.Arg155His) (18.8%). The top clinical phenotypes were isolated myopathy (37.5%), myopathy with Paget disease of bone (17.9%), and myopathy with motor neuron involvement (13.4%). The vastus lateralis was the most common biopsy site (34.8%), and 91% were open biopsies. Histopathologic findings included atrophic fibres (87.5%), rimmed vacuoles (72.3%), endomysial fibrosis (58.0%), and protein aggregates (51.8%), primarily p62 (60.3%) and VCP (36.2%). Degeneration niches with fibrofatty replacement and atrophic fibres were seen in 33.3% of biopsies without frequency differences by clinical phenotypes. There were no differences in biopsy findings among the 4 most common VCP gene variants, except for the absence of degeneration niches in muscle biopsies of 12 patients with c.277C>T (p.Arg93Cys). MRI data from 30 patients showed fat pockets corresponding to these niches and STIR hyperintensity correlated with inflammatory infiltrates in 42.9%. Concordance between clinical phenotype, biopsy, and neurophysiology was observed in only 49.4% of cases, indicating significant heterogeneity. Discussion VCP-MSP muscle biopsies consistently show myopathic or mixed patterns with rimmed vacuoles and p62/VCP-positive inclusions, regardless of clinical phenotype, age, or progression. Some lack vacuoles, challenging diagnosis. Discrepancies between clinical, neurophysiology, and biopsy findings should prompt consideration of VCP-MSP to improve detection and management.
Topik & Kata Kunci
Penulis (67)
Marianela Schiava
Yolande Parkhurst
Matthew Henderson
T. Polvikoski
M. Valtcheva
Ichizo Nishino
M. Inoue
Y. Nishimori
Yoshihiko Saito
T. Stojkovic
R. Villar-Quiles
N. B. Romero
Teresinha Evangelista
Edoardo Malfatti
S. Souvannanorath
E. Pegoraro
Pietro Riguzzi
Mauro Monforte
S. Bortolani
Eleonora Torchia
Mario Sabatelli
G. Tasca
V. Straub
C. Marini-Bettolo
M. Guglieri
H. Cetin
Ellen Gelpi
S. Klotz
Jan L. De Bleecker
A. Alonso-Jiménez
J. Baets
W. De Ridder
P. de Jonghe
K. Claeys
D. Thal
Jorge A Bevilacqua
S. Luo
Wenhua Zhu
Jie Lin
G. Papadimas
Constantinos Papadopoulos
E. Zamba-Papanicolaou
S. Xirou
Endre Pál
C. Rodolico
A. Kostera-Pruszczyk
B. Kierdaszuk
Anna Kamińska
N. Muelas
J. Vilchez
C. Domínguez-González
A. Hernández-Laín
J. Alonso-Pérez
V. Nedkova-Hristova
Carlos Aledo
Anders Oldfors
U. Badrising
Hani Kushlaf
Thomas E Lloyd
C. Ikenaga
L. Alfano
Colin C. Quinn
D. Walk
M. Vorgerd
Conrad C. Weihl
M. Olivé
J. Díaz-Manera
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- DOI
- 10.1212/NXG.0000000000200265
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