Use and benefits of peer mentoring in support of employment for persons with physical disabilities: a systematic review

Abstract Purpose Describe the use and benefits of peer mentoring to inform development of a curriculum to train peer mentors on employment issues experienced by people with physical disabilities. Materials and Methods We conducted a systematic review by searching MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and ProQuest dissertations and theses global. The PICO criteria were the population of adults with physical disabilities; interventions of employment-focused peer mentoring; comparison of usual care or no peer mentoring; and outcomes of employment, employment retention, and return to work. We assessed methodological quality using standardized checklists. Results We identified 3569 articles; eight met inclusion criteria. Three articles were randomized controlled trials. Five articles used quantitative design with standardized questionnaires, two studies were qualitative, and one article used mixed methods design. Three studies showed increased participation in school or work after peer mentoring. Four studies identified social and emotional benefits from peer mentoring. Conclusions There are considerable research opportunities in peer mentoring focused on employment for adults with physical disabilities. Best practices include a defined program utilizing a variety of delivery methods. Future research should focus on collecting data to develop a peer mentoring curriculum on employment for persons with physical disabilities. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Peer mentors can share their lived experiences in managing physical, social, and psychological barriers in gaining and maintaining employment. Peer mentoring programs are most successful when rehabilitation professionals and peer mentors collaborate to provide structured program activities and interventions that are meaningful and engaging for participants. Rehabilitation professionals should consider peer mentoring as an important component to include in vocational rehabilitation plans, when providing services, and identifying resources to support employment goals for people with physical disabilities.