Study on the Evaluation Standard of Construction Quality for Asphalt Pavement Based on the Intelligent Sensing Aggregate

The traditional evaluation method of construction quality for asphalt pavement has gradually lagged behind the pace of development of the road industry. Big data, Internet of Things (IoT), and intelligent sensing technology have been reflected in the field of road engineering, but these technologies also have technical shortcomings in terms of applicability, durability, real-time performance, and portability in practice. To provide a new method for construction quality evaluation of asphalt pavement, this study developed an intelligent sensing aggregate (ISA) with low cost and high precision based on the 3D printing and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Based on the laboratory test and field test, the sensing characteristics, high-temperature resistance, and mechanical properties of ISA are analyzed to verify the reliability of ISA. Through the quantitative analysis of ISA perception data, the Driving Perception Index (DPI) is proposed. By analyzing the quantitative correlation between the spatial angle of ISA and the compaction degree, the quantitative correlation between the DPI, International Roughness Index (IRI), and the deflection value, the evaluation standard of construction quality for asphalt pavement is established. The result shows that the best baud rate for ISA is 9600 bps, and the corresponding data transmission distance is 350 m. In the range of 6 m, the cars, trucks, trailers, and buses can be perceived by ISA. The maximum operating temperature of ISA is up to 200°C. Embedding ISA into asphalt mixture has no significant effect on original gradation of asphalt mixture. The established evaluation standard of construction quality for asphalt pavement takes into account the compaction quality, the requirements of bearing capacity, and the driving comfort of asphalt pavement, which is suitable for expressway and first-class highway.