Problems and prospects of improving state regulation of sustainable development in the conditions of globalization

The article examines current problems and prospects for improving state regulation of sustainable development in the context of modern globalization processes. Globalization, which covers the economic, social and environmental spheres, on the one hand, opens up new opportunities for countries through international cooperation, exchange of technologies, access to new markets and innovations. On the other hand, it exacerbates several challenges, such as the uneven distribution of resources, increased environmental threats, the dependence of national economies on external markets, growing inequality in society and excessive depletion of natural resources. The study analyzes key economic, environmental and social barriers that hinder the effectiveness of implementing sustainable development policies. In particular, the problem of insufficient financing of innovations in the field of the “green” economy, unbalanced priority of economic growth over environmental sustainability, as well as low coordination between states in solving global problems, such as climate change and environmental degradation, is considered. Particular attention is paid to the prospects for improving state regulation using a systemic approach. The article proposes tools to increase the effectiveness of state policy, including tax incentives for enterprises that implement environmental innovations, increasing investments in renewable energy, reforming the regulatory framework considering international standards, as well as the development of digital tools for monitoring the implementation of environmental programs. The authors emphasize the importance of increasing the role of international cooperation, exchanging experience between countries, creating unified platforms for the development and implementation of sustainable development policies. The importance of educational and information campaigns to popularize the principles of environmentally responsible behavior and sustainable consumption among the population is also emphasized. It is determined that only harmonious interaction between economic, social and environmental aspects can ensure long-term balanced development. Thus, the proposed recommendations are aimed at forming an effective state mechanism that will allow countries to adapt to the challenges of globalization and contribute to achieving sustainable development goals at the national and global levels. Keywords: sustainable development, government regulation, globalization, environmental policy, economic growth, climate change, “green” economy, social inequality, international cooperation, innovation, resource efficiency, renewable energy.