Legal regulation of technological leadership: from term to discourse

Introduction: the article analyzes the term "technological leadership" as one of the national goals of the Russian Federation, designated by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 05/07/2024 No. 309 «On the national Development Goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and for the future up to 2036». Purpose: based on the generalization of scientific views on the legal category of "technological leadership" to identify its essence and identify the prospects for its legal regulation, realizing the predictive function of the theory of state and law and the foundations of legal futurology. Methods: descriptive, comparative-legal; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic. Private scientific methods were used: system analysis and the method of content analysis and interpretation of legal norms. Results: a critical understanding of the essence of the term "technological leadership" made it possible to identify its legal features and determine its true meaning. The author considers the definition of "technological leadership" to be the most relevant from the point of view of the concept of social constructivism as technological development. In addition, according to the author, building a hierarchy of regulatory legal acts on technological leadership is very difficult, because technological progress affects all relations in society and, consequently, its regulation is difficult to limit to several legal acts. That is why the author concludes that the ambiguity of the perception of technological development and the lack of uniform rules for the use of its achievements form an objective request for a common regulatory framework at both the national and international levels. Conclusions: based on the concept of convergence of private and public law, the author proposes to form a legal framework (norms-principles) of technological leadership in the Russian legal field, or rather technological development, primarily due to the uncertainty of the subject of legal regulation. It is possible to recommend as principles of technology policy formation: human-centricity of technologies; definition of ethical standards for artificial intelligence; international exchange of open data; creation of a common framework for technology control, consideration of threats and risks, etc.