Design and Algorithm Optimization of Nuclear Radiation Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network

With the wide application of nuclear energy, the importance of nuclear safety monitoring has become increasingly prominent. This paper presents a design of nuclear radiation monitoring system based on wireless sensor network (WSN) and its algorithm optimization scheme. The system consists of three parts: the field acquisition point, the remote data server and the client, which realizes the real-time and distributed monitoring of nuclear radiation level. On-site acquisition points use sensors such as high-sensitivity scintillation counter, and cooperate with STM32F407VGT6 single chip microcomputer for data processing and wireless transmission. The remote data server is responsible for receiving, storing and analyzing data, and provides API interface and data visualization function. The system adopts mesh network topology structure, which enhances the reliability and self-organization of communication. In the aspect of algorithm optimization, this paper puts forward a data fusion and calibration method based on Kalman filter, an adaptive low-power routing algorithm, a clustering structure and a multi-hop communication strategy to improve data accuracy, reduce energy consumption and enhance system stability. Through the hardware platform construction and software development, the system has realized the efficient and flexible nuclear radiation monitoring function. The test results show that the optimized algorithm significantly improves the data transmission efficiency and system stability, and provides strong technical support and practical experience for WSN application in the field of nuclear radiation monitoring.